Android is an open-source software stack that includes an operating system, middleware, and key applications for mobile devices. It was developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google. The Android architecture consists of four layers - the application layer, application framework, libraries/runtime, and Linux kernel. It uses the Linux kernel as its core and a custom virtual machine called Dalvik for running applications. This allows Android to be used across a wide range of devices. While Android offers customization and a variety of applications, it also has some limitations like requirements to use Java and SDK tools for development.

1. P SIRISHA
III-cSe
BY
P SIRISHA
III-cSe
BABA Institute of Technology & Sciences OF
ENGG&TECH

2. What is ANDROID
• Google's Android is an open-source platform that's
currently available on a wide variety of smart phones.
• Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware and
key applications.

3. Open Handset Alliance
• Est. 5th
Nov 2007, led by Google, open Source
• Main Product Android Platform
• Enthusiastic Support from Industry
– Equipment makers
– Network Operators
• HTC was First to deliver ANDROID

4. ANDROID ARCHITECTURE
The software stack is split into Four Layers::
• The application layer
• The application framework
• The libraries and runtime
• The kernel

6. LINUX KERNEL
•The architecture is based on the Linux2.6 kernel.
Android use Linux kernel as its hardware abstraction
layer between the hardware and rest of the software.
•It also provides memory management, process
management, a security model, and networking, a lot
of core operating system infrastructures that are
robust and have been proven over time

7. NATIVE LIBRARIES
•The next level up is the native libraries.
Everything that you see here in green is written
in C and C++.

8. Android Run Time
•The Android Runtime was designed specifically for
Android to meet the needs of running in an embedded
environment where you have limited battery, limited
memory, limited CPU.
•The DVM runs something called dex files, D-E-X and
these are byte codes that are the results of converting at
build time. Class and JAR Files.

9. Android Run Time
•This is in blue, meaning that it's written in
the Java programming language.
•The core library contains all of the collection
classes, utilities, IO, all the utilities and tools
that you’ve come to expected to use.

10. Application Framework
•This is all written in a Java programming language and
the application framework is the toolkit that all
applications use.
•These applications include the ones that come with a
phone like the home applications, or the phone
application.
•It includes applications written by Google, and it
includes apps that will be written by you.
•So, all apps use the same framework and the same
APIs.

11. APPLICATION LAYER
•And the final layer on top is Applications.
•This is where all the applications get written.
•It includes the home application, the contacts
application, the browser, and your apps.
•And everything at this layer is, again, using the same
app framework provided by the layers below.

12. ADVANTAGES
•The ability for anyone to customize the Google Android platform
•The consumer will benefit from having a wide range of mobile
applications to choose from since the monopoly will be broken by
Google Android
•Men will be able to customize a mobile phones using Google
Android platform like never before
•Features like weather details, opening screen, live RSS feeds and
even the icons on the opening screen will be able to be customized
•As a result of many mobile phones carrying Google Android,
companies will come up with such innovative products like the
location
•In addition the entertainment functionalities will be taken a notch
higher by Google Android being able to offer online real time
multiplayer games

13. LIMITATIONS OF ANDROID
Development requirements in
•Java
•Android SDK
Eclipse IDE (optional)
Bluetooth limitations
Firefox mobile isn't coming to android because of android limitations

14. CONCLUSION
We hope that the next versions
of Android have overcome the actual
limitations and that the future possibilities
became a reality and may this software is
also developed to use in PC’s also.

15. THANK YOU
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