Android is an open-source operating system developed by Google and the Open Handset Alliance. It allows developers to write managed code in Java and includes features like multi-tasking, a rich development platform, and support for a variety of media formats. The Android architecture consists of four main layers - applications, application framework, libraries and runtime, and the Linux kernel. Some key advantages of Android include customization options, better notifications, choice of hardware, and a large app market. Disadvantages can include less control over malware in the app market and inconsistent updates from device manufacturers.

1. Mehul Patel
BCA(Sem VI)

3. Contents
History
Introduction of android
Android versions
Android architecture
Security
Features of android
Advantages of android
Disadvantage of android

4. HISTORY OF ANDROID
Android Inc.founded in Palo Alto,california ,united
states in October 2003 by Andy Rubin[co-founder of
danger ],rich miner[co-founder of wildfire
communication Inc.],nick sears[once VP at T-
mobile],
and Chris white[headed design and interface
development at web TV] to develop.

5. WHAT IS ANDROID?
• It is a open source software platform and operating system for
mobile devices(The Open Handset Alliance is a group of 84
technology and mobile companies)
• Based on the Linux kernel
• Developed by Google and later the Open Handset Alliance (OHA)
 Allows writing managed code in the Java language
• Android has its own virtual machine i.e. DVM(Dalvik Virtual
Machine),which is used for executing the android application.
• Google purchased the initial developer of the software , android
incorporated in 2005.

6. Open Handset Alliance
• The open handset alliance(OHA) is a
business alliance of firm to develop
open standard for mobile devices.
• Devoted to advancing open standards
for mobile devices
• Develop technologies that will
significantly lower the cost of developing
and distributing mobile devices and
services.

7.  Open Handset Alliance (OHA) included
several companies

9. Android 1.1 (Battenberg)
In Feb 2009, version 1.1
Android 1.5 (Cupcake)
Launched in April 2009
Android 1.6 (Donut)-released in sept 2009
Android 2.0 2.1 (Éclair)-released in 26 October 2009
Android 2.2 (Froyo)
released in the summer of 2010
Android 2.3 (Gingerbread)
Gingerbread landed by the end of 2010
Android 3.0 (Honeycomb)
For the first time Google released a software that was totally
focused on tablets. This version, released in 2011
Android 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich 4.0) released in 2012
Android 4.1 (jelly bean4.1) released in 2013
Android 1.0 (Angel Cake)
The first version of the open source software was released back in 2008
ANDROID VERSION

10. Android Latest Version
A new year, a new version of Android. For 2015, the candy-
themed update is all about behind-the-scenes tweaks and a few
blockbuster features.
Android 6.0 Marshmallow

11. ANDROID ARCHITECTURE
The software stack is split into Four Layers::
• The application layer
• The application framework
• The libraries and runtime
• The kernel

12. Application Framework
•This is all written in a Java programming language and
the application framework is the toolkit that all
applications use.
•These applications include the ones that come with a
phone like the home applications, or the phone
application.
•It includes applications written by Google, and it
includes apps that will be written by you.
•So, all apps use the same framework and the same
APIs.

13. Contd…
These are as follows:-
• Activity manager:-It manages the lifecycle of applications. It
enable proper management of all the activities. All the activities are
controlled by activity manager.
• Resource manager:-It provides access to non-code resources such
as graphics etc.
• Notification manager:-It enables all applications to display
custom alerts in status bar.
• Location manager:- It fires alerts when user enters or leaves a
specified geographical location.
• Package manager:-It is use to retrieve the data about installed
packages on device.
• Window manager:-It is use to create views and layouts.
• Telephony manager:-It is use to handle settings of network
connection and all information about services on device.

14. APPLICATION LAYER
•the final layer on top is Applications.
•It includes the home application the contacts
application , the browser, and apps.
•It is the most upper layer in android architecture.
•All the applications like camera, Google maps,
browser,sms,calendars,contacts are native
applications. These applications works with end user
with the help of application framework to operate.

15. Security
Android is a multi-process system, in which each
application (and parts of the system) runs in its own
process. Most security between applications and the
system is enforced at the process level through
standard Linux facilities, such as user and group IDs
that are assigned to applications.

16. FEATURES OF ANDROID
 Background Wi-Fi location still runs even when
Wi-Fi is turned off
Developer logging and analyzing enhancements
It is optimized for mobile devices.
It enables reuse and replacement of components.
Java support ,media support, multi touch, video
calling,multi tasking ,voice based features, screen
capture, camera ,bluetooth,gps,compass and
accelerometer,3G

17. •The ability for anyone to customize the Google Android
platform
•It gives you better notification.
•It lets you choose your hardware.
•It has better app market(1,80,000 application)
•A more mature platform
• With the support of many applications, the user can
change the screen display.
•With Google chrome you can open many window at
once.
ADVANTAGES

18. DIS-ADVANTAGES
Android Market is less control of the manager,
sometimes there are malware.
Sometimes slow device company issued an official
version of Android your own .
Extremely inconsistence in design among apps.
Very unstable and often hang or crash.

20. THANK YOU