The document discusses the APK file format used on Android devices. It explains that an APK is an archive file based on the JAR format, containing compiled code in DEX format which is compiled from Java CLASS files. The key components of an APK are the AndroidManifest file containing permissions and entry point, the Classes.dex file containing the compiled code, and the Resources file containing images and other app resources. APK files can be opened and decompiled using tools to view the contained Java code.