Downloaded 87 times
![public final static boolean MY_DEBUG = false;
@Override
public void onConnectionFailed(ConnectionResult result) {
if (MY_DEBUG){
Log.i(TAG, "[Security sensitive Log] GoogleClient connection failed." );
Log.i(TAG, "[Security sensitive Log] UserName: "+UserName );
Log.i(TAG, "[Security sensitive Log] InternalModelName: "+InternalModelName );
}else{
Log.i(TAG, "GoogleApiClient connection failed: " + result.toString());
}
每次專案定義可能都不同大家都需要去記Flag
增加自動化的複雜度
adjust consts to switch debug on/off
What is bad
直接修改程式碼
error-prone manual efforts around
deployment AGAIN!](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/androidgradlemopcon-151031060723-lva1-app6891/75/Android-gradle-mopcon-29-2048.jpg)
![Use BuildConfig in gradle
public final static boolean MY_DEBUG = false;
@Override
public void onConnectionFailed(ConnectionResult result) {
if (BuildConfig.DEBUG){
Log.i(TAG, "[Security sensitive Log] GoogleClient connection failed." );
Log.i(TAG, "[Security sensitive Log] UserName: "+UserName );
Log.i(TAG, "[Security sensitive Log] InternalModelName: "+InternalModelName );
}else{
Log.i(TAG, "GoogleApiClient connection failed: " + result.toString());
}
編譯時期無需修改程式碼
$ gradlew assembleRelease
$ gradlew assembleDebug](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/androidgradlemopcon-151031060723-lva1-app6891/75/Android-gradle-mopcon-30-2048.jpg)
![com.facebook.login.widget.LoginButton.java
private class LoginClickListener implements OnClickListener {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
…
if (LoginAuthorizationType.PUBLISH.equals(properties.authorizationType)) {
loginManager.logInWithPublishPermissions(LoginButton.this.getActivity(),properties.permissions);
} else {
loginManager.logInWithReadPermissions(LoginButton.this.getActivity(),properties.permissions);
//[sam] demo unit test
//loginManager.logInWithPublishPermissions(LoginButton.this.getActivity(),properties.permissions);
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/androidgradlemopcon-151031060723-lva1-app6891/75/Android-gradle-mopcon-61-2048.jpg)
Uploaded bysam chiu
不只自動化而且更敏捷的Android開發工具 gradle mopcon
This document discusses how to create a productive Android development environment using Gradle. It advocates automating the build process and customizing build configurations to reduce errors and improve code quality. Specific conventions covered include using Gradle to manage versioning for multiple APKs, generate configuration files, handle dependencies, and build projects in a consistent manner across different machines. The overall message is that Gradle can help standardize the build process and reduce communication issues compared to less automated approaches.
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不只自動化而且更敏捷的Android開發工具 gradle mopcon
- 1. A productive Androiddevelopment environment 不只自動化而且更敏捷的Android開發工具 Gradle Sam Chiu
- 2. Sam Chiu 邱炫儒 SamChiu@HTC engineering build dept. promote DevOps in HTC iamsamchiu@gmail.com / mindcraft4life.tumblr.com Active Gradle Using Developers 500+ Software Components 1000+ Release Builds per Day 1000+
- 3. “ ” The challengeof Mobile App development
- 4. If your Appcrashes for 0.01% of your users, they’re going to post a negative review. However, the 99.99% of people for whom it works great are NOT going to post five-star ratings for the software working as expected. -- The Loop magazine
- 5. Automate everything and shrinkthe cycle time 可重複運行 減少人為/環境錯誤 流程透明 產生更有品質的程式碼 Coding Check-in Build Test Publish 易於分享
- 6. Using Gradle... put everynew code commit through a full cycle Automated provisioning and configuration management also part of the continuous delivery From Command line to IDE to CI
- 7. 消除溝通的嫌隙 From Command lineto IDE to CI Convention 1
- 8. 一句話惹毛老闆： “我電腦沒這個問題呀！” “It works onmy machine!”
- 9.
- 10. 使用不一致的工具 ant proguard shrink resources android gradle plugin build.xmlADT eclipse gradle debug on/off Source Code module A module B module C buildfailure Those tools have different build processes on your source code!
- 11. Android Studio/IntelliJ/.. gradle 減少溝通的嫌隙 From commandline to IDE to continuous integration proguard shrink resources android gradle plugin debug on/off Coding with IDE Building Automation
- 12. 減少溝通的嫌隙 From command lineto IDE to continuous integration Android Studio proguard shrink resources android gradle plugin gradle debug on/off customized configuration generic configuration Source Code Source Code Source Code APK ALPHA BETA RC Project Schedule
- 13.
- 14.
- 15. Product Flavor andMultiple APK Convention 2
- 16. <manifest ... > <supports-screensandroid:smallScreens="false" android:normalScreens="false" android:largeScreens="true" android:xlargeScreens="true" android:requiresSmallestWidthDp="600" /> ... </manifest> custom AndroidManifest.xml for tablet Example on Google dev site: Design Multi-APK for tablet and phone
- 17. Google Play The versionName/versionCodeschema for multiple APK versionCode (04 01 310) phone screen App version(3.1.0)API Level(4+) versionCode (04 02 310) tablet screen App version(3.1.0)API Level(4+) release 1 upload APKs Version Name: 3.1.0-build1
- 18. Edit your versionCodein AndroidManifest.xml? <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.example.android.testing.unittesting.BasicSample" > <application android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@style/AppTheme" android:versioncode="0401310" android:versionName="3.1.0-build1" > <activity android:name="com.example.android.testing.unittesting.BasicSample.MainActivity" android:label="@string/app_name" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> </manifest> error-prone manual efforts around deployment
- 19.
- 20. android{ defaultConfig { versionName computeVersionName() } productFlavors{ phone{ versionCode computeVersionCode(1) } tablet { versionCode computeVersionCode(2) } } } def computeVersionCode(int flavor) { def version_code = ext.minSdkVersion * 100000 + flavor * 1000 + ext.versionMajor * 100 + ext.versionMinor*10 + ext.versionIncremental return version_code } def computeVersionName(){ def buildNumber = System.getenv("BUILD_NUMBER") ?: "dev" def version_name = ext.versionMajor+"."+ext.versionMinor+”.”+ext.versionIncremental+"-"+buildNumber return version_name } custom build logic and integrate with Jenkins build.gradle:
- 21. 為什麼要把Jenkins buildNumber 寫進 versionname? 混在一起做撒尿牛丸？
- 22. 為什麼要把Jenkins buildNumber 寫進 versionname? 混在一起做Dogfooding
- 23.
- 24. Dogfooding means agood product versioning Library Source Project Source alpha 1 beta1Debug APK Release 2Release APK beta2 Release 1 alpha 1 beta2 OTA Issue Tracking bug report Release 2 OTAPRELOAD Employee Device
- 25.
- 26. Q: 處理邏輯要寫在gradle script 還是 寫在CIServer script?
- 27. 寫在CI Server script的處理邏輯如何管理？ 期待jenkins 2.0 pipeline as code ! what is “pipeline as code”:https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/2.0+Pipeline+as+Code
- 28.
- 29. public final staticboolean MY_DEBUG = false; @Override public void onConnectionFailed(ConnectionResult result) { if (MY_DEBUG){ Log.i(TAG, "[Security sensitive Log] GoogleClient connection failed." ); Log.i(TAG, "[Security sensitive Log] UserName: "+UserName ); Log.i(TAG, "[Security sensitive Log] InternalModelName: "+InternalModelName ); }else{ Log.i(TAG, "GoogleApiClient connection failed: " + result.toString()); } 每次專案定義可能都不同大家都需要去記Flag 增加自動化的複雜度 adjust consts to switch debug on/off What is bad 直接修改程式碼 error-prone manual efforts around deployment AGAIN!
- 30. Use BuildConfig ingradle public final static boolean MY_DEBUG = false; @Override public void onConnectionFailed(ConnectionResult result) { if (BuildConfig.DEBUG){ Log.i(TAG, "[Security sensitive Log] GoogleClient connection failed." ); Log.i(TAG, "[Security sensitive Log] UserName: "+UserName ); Log.i(TAG, "[Security sensitive Log] InternalModelName: "+InternalModelName ); }else{ Log.i(TAG, "GoogleApiClient connection failed: " + result.toString()); } 編譯時期無需修改程式碼 $ gradlew assembleRelease $ gradlew assembleDebug
- 31. Customize BuildConfig ingradle buildTypes { debug { buildConfigField "boolean","NETWORK_DEBUG","true" minifyEnabled false } release { buildConfigField "boolean","NETWORK_DEBUG","false" minifyEnabled true proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro' } }
- 32.
- 33. “By distributing yourproject source based on gradle ,anyone can work with it without needing to install many annoying tools/dependencies beforehand” “Users of the build are guaranteed to use the same process and the same dependencies version that was designed to work with” from http://gradle.org/
- 34.
- 35. Build Once andbuild anywhere Why upload shell/batch files to version control server?
- 36. gradlew.sh gradle wrapper #Sun Aug09 19:57:07 CST 2015 distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME distributionPath=wrapper/dists zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME zipStorePath=wrapper/dists distributionUrl=https://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-2.5-all.zip gradle-wrapper.properties
- 37. Even better! Install android-sdkautomatically apply plugin: 'android-sdk-manager' apply plugin: 'com.android.application' android { compileSdkVersion 21 buildToolsVersion '22.0.1' defaultConfig { applicationId "com.example.android.testing.unittesting.BasicSample" minSdkVersion 17 targetSdkVersion 23 } } Reference: https://github.com/JakeWharton/sdk-manager-plugin
- 38. gradle project ongit pure Mac OS Java source code build script dependencies configuration toolchain configuration Maven Repo toolchain sites google play service facebook sdk lib firebase sdk lib ... gradle tool android sdk pure Windows Java less administration and more scalable for the client machines gradle 2.4 gradle 2.5 build-tool 19 build-tool 20 platforms 19 platforms 23 pure linux Java pure linux Java pure linux Java ... developers machines Continuous Integration servers install tools on build time
- 39.
- 40. root project lib-proj widget lib-proj Activity firebase sdk facebook sdk evernote sdk dropbox sdk Google playservice libgoogle support v4 log/util module drive Google+ games analytics Location Ads maps nearby wallet google support appcompat-v7 google support design lib google support multidex google support multidex instrumentation A large scale Android App
- 41. root project lib-proj widget lib-proj Activity firebase sdk evernote sdk dropbox sdk Google playservice libgoogle support v4 log/util module drive Google+ games analytics Location Ads maps nearby wallet google support appcompat-v7 google support design lib google support multidex google support multidex instrumentation facebook sdk The dependency nightmare
- 42. Before Gradle Getting startedwith the Dropbox Android SDK: 1. Include everything under lib/ in your project/build. 2. You'll want to start off by creating an AndroidAuthSession with your consumer key and secret. 3... Download dropbox-android-sdk from dropbox website 1 2
- 43. 到底用了哪一版library? ┌Top Android Project │ ├──Project 1 - (Pure Java Modules) │ │ │ ├── Module A1 │ │ └──libs/android-support-v4_22.jar │ ├── Module B1 │ : │ └── facebook-lib-project │ └──libs/android-support-v4-v22.0.0.jar │ BUILD FAIL
- 44. After Gradle dependencies { compile'com.facebook.android:facebook-android-sdk:4.1.0' } 1. Use gradle 2. 3. That’s it. dependencies { compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-wearable:7.3.0' }
- 45. How about thedepend on a tree of dependencies? dependencies { compile 'com.facebook.android:facebook-android-sdk:4.1.0' } dependencies { compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-wearable:7.3.0' } android-support-v4:21.0.0 android-support-v4:22.0.0
- 46. Transitive Dependencies onGradle(可遞移性相依) A -> B and B -> C hence A -> C
- 47. google play serviceaar library hierarchy on maven
- 48. Tips of transitivedependencies dependencies { compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-wearable:7.3.0' } dependencies { compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-wearable:7.3.0 @aar' } android-support-v4:22.0.0 android-support-v4:22.0.0 transitive=false
- 49. As a libraryprovider <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.google.android.gms</groupId> <artifactId>play-services-location</artifactId> <version>7.8.0</version> <packaging>aar</packaging> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.android.gms</groupId> <artifactId>play-services-maps</artifactId> <version>7.8.0</version> <scope>compile</scope> <type>aar</type> </dependency> …... Maven Repository HelloWorld Library/pom.xml remember to provide your transitive dependencies in pom.xml
- 50. Handle dependency conflict Gradleoffers the following conflict resolution strategies: Newest: The newest version of the dependency is used. This is Gradle's default strategy, and is often an appropriate choice as long as versions are backwards-compatible. Fail: A version conflict results in a build failure. This strategy requires all version conflicts to be resolved explicitly in the build script.
- 51. Use ‘Fail’ resolutionstrategy configurations.all { resolutionStrategy { // fail eagerly on version conflict (includes transitive dependencies) // e.g. multiple different versions of the same dependency (group and name are equal) failOnVersionConflict() } } build.gradle:
- 52. Handle dependency conflict dependencies{ compile('org.hibernate:hibernate:3.1') { //in case of versions conflict '3.1' version of hibernate wins: force = true //disabling all transitive dependencies of this dependency transitive = false } } build.gradle:
- 53. Versioning Control dependencies { compile'com.facebook.android:facebook-android-sdk:4.1.0' } dependencies { compile 'com.facebook.android:facebook-android-sdk:4.1.+' } dependencies { compile 'com.facebook.android:facebook-android-sdk:4.1.0-SNAPSHOT' } 建置系統始終應該指定專案所需外部類別庫的確切版本 : 開發時期指定專案所需外部函式庫的最新版本 : 開發時期指定專案所需外部函式庫的 SNAPSHOT版本:
- 54.
- 55. Building Effective Testingplan Unit test ● mokito ● Robolectric Integration test (acceptance testing) ● Instrumentation ● emulation ○ Genymotion (local with virtualBox) ○ Manymo (online) ● online device testing ○ appthwack (AWS Cloud)
- 56. Repeatable - 可在任何環境下進行測試（沒有網路、db、Android Context的狀況下仍能進行） Purpose -讓單元測試運行速度加快，可加速回饋，更可了解自己的修改是否破壞現有的任 何功能。 How - 單元測試依存於測試替身，不應該存取資料庫、檔案系統、與外部系統互動。 - 簡單來說，單元測試不應該與系統元件之間產生互動。 A unit test should be “Repeatable”
- 57. Building Effective UnitTests Unit test ● mokito ● Robolectric put every new code commit through a full cycle! Integration test (acceptance testing) ● Instrumentation ● emulation ○ Genymotion (local with virtualBox) ○ Manymo (online) ● online device testing ○ appthwack (AWS Cloud)
- 58. 測試策略的設計主要是個「識別和評估專案風險之優先順序及 決定採用哪些行動來緩解風險」的歷程 Test Case Strategy --ContinuousDelivery：reliable software rleases though build, test and deployment automation
- 59. 測試策略的設計主要是個「識別和評估專案風險之優先順序及 決定採用哪些行動來緩解風險」的歷程 Test Case Strategy --ContinuousDelivery：reliable software rleases though build, test and deployment automation 未慮勝 先慮敗
- 60. Example: com.facebook.login.widget.LoginButtonTest.java @Test public voidtestLoginButtonWithReadPermissions() throws Exception { LoginManager loginManager = mock(LoginManager.class); Activity activity = Robolectric.buildActivity(MainActivity.class).create().get(); LoginButton loginButton = (LoginButton) activity.findViewById(R.id.login_button); ArrayList<String> permissions = new ArrayList<>(); permissions.add("user_location"); loginButton.setReadPermissions(permissions); loginButton.setDefaultAudience(DefaultAudience.EVERYONE); loginButton.setLoginManager(loginManager); loginButton.performClick(); verify(loginManager).logInWithReadPermissions(activity, permissions); verify(loginManager, never()).logInWithPublishPermissions(isA(Activity.class), anyCollection()); // Verify default audience is channeled verify(loginManager).setDefaultAudience(DefaultAudience.EVERYONE); } Reference: https://github.com/facebook/facebook-android-sdk
- 61. com.facebook.login.widget.LoginButton.java private class LoginClickListenerimplements OnClickListener { @Override public void onClick(View v) { … if (LoginAuthorizationType.PUBLISH.equals(properties.authorizationType)) { loginManager.logInWithPublishPermissions(LoginButton.this.getActivity(),properties.permissions); } else { loginManager.logInWithReadPermissions(LoginButton.this.getActivity(),properties.permissions); //[sam] demo unit test //loginManager.logInWithPublishPermissions(LoginButton.this.getActivity(),properties.permissions); } }
- 62. Command-line Option enable continuousbuild with the -t or –continuous command-line option which will automatically re-execute builds when changes are detected to its inputs. ex: reference: http://gradle.org/feature-spotlight-continuous-build/ speed up your build-edit-build feedback loop $ gradlew test -t
- 63.
- 64. Reference: ● Android pluginfor gradle: https://developer.android.com/tools/building/plugin-for-gradle.html: ● Android tools project site, tips: http://tools.android.com/tech-docs/new-build-system/tips ● Gradle dependency management: https://docs.gradle.org/current/userguide/dependency_management.html ● Google dev site, multiple apk: https://developer.android.com/google/play/publishing/multiple-apks.html ● Sample project on github: https://github.com/iamsamchiu/AndroidSampleForGradleUsage The Android robot is modified from work created by Google/StockLogos and used according to the Creative Commons 3.0 Attribution License.