This paper describes the analytical method suitable for validation of Pioglitazone hydrochloride by UV Spectrophotometric method. The method utilized UV spectroscopy and the solvent system was consists of 6 N Glacial acetic acid at wave length 270 nm. Validation experiments were performed to demonstrate Specificity, Precision, Linearity, Accuracy, ruggedness. The method was linear over the concentration range of 10-50 µg/ml. The Proposed method was simple, sensitive & reliable with good Precise, Accurate, and Reproducible and rapid for the determination of Pioglitazone. The commercial formulations are estimated without interference. Hence this method can be used for routine determination of Pioglitazone hydrochloride in bulk and their pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Estimation of Pioglitazone hydrochloride in Bulk and Pharmaceutical dosage fo...SriramNagarajan15
A simple, fast and reliable Spectrophotometric method was developed for determination of Pioglitazone hydrochloride in bulk and Pharmaceutical formulation. Spectrophotometrically, Pioglitazone hydrochloride was determined by measuring the maximum absorption at 270nm. Analytical Calibration curves were linear within a concentration range from 10 to 50µg/ml. The developed method was applied to directly and easily to the analysis of the pharmaceutical tablet preparations. % R.S.D was found to be 0.51 for piosis 30 mg Tablet. The %R.S.D values for all method validation parameters were found within 2% for the developed method. The method was completely validated. The results showed that this method can be used for rapid determination of Pioglitazone hydrochloride in bulk and Pharmaceutical tablet formulation with linearity, precision, accuracy specificity.
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for Quantitative Esti...Sagar Savale
U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed in determination of individual components in a mixture or fixed dose combination. Our aim is to develop spectroscopic method for estimation of the paracetamol in ternary mixture by using U.V spectrophotometry.
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development And Validation For Quantitative Esti...Sagar Savale
U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed in determination of Halcinonide in a mixture or fixed dose combination. For the ternary mixture containing Halcinonide, no spectrophotometric method for evaluation has been reported so far. Thus our aim is to develop method for Halcinonide estimation in ternary mixture using U.V spectrophotometry.
UV spectrophotometric method development and validation for quantitative esti...Sagar Savale
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for quantitative estimation of Ondansetron
Hydrochloride (HCL). U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed in determination of
individual components in a mixture or fixed dose combination. Our aim is to develop spectroscopic method for
estimation of the Ondansetron HCL in ternary mixture by using U.V spectrophotometry. The method was
validated as per ICH guidelines. The recovery studies confirmed the accuracy and precision of the method. It was
successfully applied for the analysis of the drug in bulk and could be effectively used for the routine analysis.
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for Quantitative Esti...Sagar Savale
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for quantitative estimation of Miconazole nitrate
(MIC). U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed in determination of individual components in
a mixture or fixed dose combination. Our aim is to develop spectroscopic method for estimation of the Miconazole
nitrate (MIC) in ternary mixture by using U.V spectrophotometry. The method was validated as per ICH
guidelines. The recovery studies confirmed the accuracy and precision of the method. It was successfully applied
for the analysis of the drug in bulk and could be effectively used for the routine analysis.
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for Quantitative Esti...Sagar Savale
U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed in determination of Curcumin in a mixture or fixed dose combination. For the ternary mixture containing Curcumin, no spectrophotometric method for evaluation has been reported so far. Thus our aim is to develop method for Curcumin estimation in ternary mixture using U.V spectrophotometry.
Estimation of Pioglitazone hydrochloride in Bulk and Pharmaceutical dosage fo...SriramNagarajan15
A simple, fast and reliable Spectrophotometric method was developed for determination of Pioglitazone hydrochloride in bulk and Pharmaceutical formulation. Spectrophotometrically, Pioglitazone hydrochloride was determined by measuring the maximum absorption at 270nm. Analytical Calibration curves were linear within a concentration range from 10 to 50µg/ml. The developed method was applied to directly and easily to the analysis of the pharmaceutical tablet preparations. % R.S.D was found to be 0.51 for piosis 30 mg Tablet. The %R.S.D values for all method validation parameters were found within 2% for the developed method. The method was completely validated. The results showed that this method can be used for rapid determination of Pioglitazone hydrochloride in bulk and Pharmaceutical tablet formulation with linearity, precision, accuracy specificity.
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for Quantitative Esti...Sagar Savale
U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed in determination of individual components in a mixture or fixed dose combination. Our aim is to develop spectroscopic method for estimation of the paracetamol in ternary mixture by using U.V spectrophotometry.
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development And Validation For Quantitative Esti...Sagar Savale
U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed in determination of Halcinonide in a mixture or fixed dose combination. For the ternary mixture containing Halcinonide, no spectrophotometric method for evaluation has been reported so far. Thus our aim is to develop method for Halcinonide estimation in ternary mixture using U.V spectrophotometry.
UV spectrophotometric method development and validation for quantitative esti...Sagar Savale
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for quantitative estimation of Ondansetron
Hydrochloride (HCL). U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed in determination of
individual components in a mixture or fixed dose combination. Our aim is to develop spectroscopic method for
estimation of the Ondansetron HCL in ternary mixture by using U.V spectrophotometry. The method was
validated as per ICH guidelines. The recovery studies confirmed the accuracy and precision of the method. It was
successfully applied for the analysis of the drug in bulk and could be effectively used for the routine analysis.
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for Quantitative Esti...Sagar Savale
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for quantitative estimation of Miconazole nitrate
(MIC). U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed in determination of individual components in
a mixture or fixed dose combination. Our aim is to develop spectroscopic method for estimation of the Miconazole
nitrate (MIC) in ternary mixture by using U.V spectrophotometry. The method was validated as per ICH
guidelines. The recovery studies confirmed the accuracy and precision of the method. It was successfully applied
for the analysis of the drug in bulk and could be effectively used for the routine analysis.
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for Quantitative Esti...Sagar Savale
U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed in determination of Curcumin in a mixture or fixed dose combination. For the ternary mixture containing Curcumin, no spectrophotometric method for evaluation has been reported so far. Thus our aim is to develop method for Curcumin estimation in ternary mixture using U.V spectrophotometry.
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for Quantitative Esti...Sagar Savale
Aim: UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for quantitative estimation of
Diclofenac Sodium. Objective: U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed for
determination of analyte in a mixture. Our aim is to develop spectroscopic method for estimation of the
diclofenac sodium in ternary mixture by using U.V spectrophotometry. Methodology: The method was
validated as per ICH guidelines. The recovery studies confirmed the accuracy and precision of the method.
Conclusion: It was successfully applied for the analysis of the drug in bulk and could be effectively used for
the routine analysis.
Method Development and Validation of Naftopidil by Reverse Phase-HPLC in Bulk...SriramNagarajan15
A new simple, accurate, rapid and precise isocratic High performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the determination of Etomidate (ETO) injection. The Method employs Waters HPLC system on Develosil –ods-UG column (300 x 3.9 mm x 5µm) and flow rate of 1.5 mL/min with a load of 20 µL. Acetonitrile and Phosphate buffer was used as mobile phase in the composition of 40:60. The Detection was carried out at 254 nm. Linearity ranges for Etomidate was 40-240 µg/ml respectively. Retention Time of Etomidate was found to be 12.061 minutes respectively. Percent recovery study values of Etomidate were found to be within 98-102 %. This newly developed method was successfully utilized for the Quantitative estimation of Etomidate in injectables. This method was validated for accuracy, precision, linearity and Robustness as per ICH guidelines.
UV Spectroscopic Assay Method Development and Validation of Amoxicillin in ...Imran al
UV Spectroscopic Assay Method Development and Validation of Amoxicillin in Tablet Formulation in 3 different brand tablet formulations used in Bangladesh
Determination of metronidazole from the solid dosage formAtai Rabby
Metronidazole is determined or assayed spectrophotometrically as the present methods abbeys Beer’s Law in the concentration range of 100-150 µg at about 500nm. By using the absorbance of standard solution of Metronidazole, the unknown amount of this drug in the sample can be calculated. The unknown amount of metronidazole is generally calculated by drawing the standard curve.
A new precise accurate and reliable validated method for the determination of Capecitabine was developed by using
reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Spectrophotometer
determination was carried out at an absorption maximum of 240nm by using methanol. The linearity was over the
concentration range of 20-120 μg/ml with correlation coefficient 0.999. Chromatographic separation was carried
out by using a mobile phase of methanol: Acetonitrile: water (80:20:80 V/V) on Waters 2487 dual absorbance
column in an isocratic mode at a flow rate of 1.1 ml/min with UV detection at 240 nm. The developed methods were
found to be precise and accurate for the estimation of Capecitabine in pharmaceutical dosage forms and could be
used for routine analysis.
Keywords: Capecitabine, RP-HPLC, Spectrophotometry, Waters 2487 dual absorbance detector, Nova pack 300 ×
3.9mm 5μ as column, 240nm
Spectrophotometric Determination of Cardiovascular DrugsIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Our journal has been understands the importance of maintaining high standards in research. This commitment is reflected in its team of scientists and academicians, who dedicate their expertise to assist others in learning and improving their research paper writing skills.
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for Quantitative Esti...Sagar Savale
Aim: UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for quantitative estimation of
Diclofenac Sodium. Objective: U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed for
determination of analyte in a mixture. Our aim is to develop spectroscopic method for estimation of the
diclofenac sodium in ternary mixture by using U.V spectrophotometry. Methodology: The method was
validated as per ICH guidelines. The recovery studies confirmed the accuracy and precision of the method.
Conclusion: It was successfully applied for the analysis of the drug in bulk and could be effectively used for
the routine analysis.
Method Development and Validation of Naftopidil by Reverse Phase-HPLC in Bulk...SriramNagarajan15
A new simple, accurate, rapid and precise isocratic High performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the determination of Etomidate (ETO) injection. The Method employs Waters HPLC system on Develosil –ods-UG column (300 x 3.9 mm x 5µm) and flow rate of 1.5 mL/min with a load of 20 µL. Acetonitrile and Phosphate buffer was used as mobile phase in the composition of 40:60. The Detection was carried out at 254 nm. Linearity ranges for Etomidate was 40-240 µg/ml respectively. Retention Time of Etomidate was found to be 12.061 minutes respectively. Percent recovery study values of Etomidate were found to be within 98-102 %. This newly developed method was successfully utilized for the Quantitative estimation of Etomidate in injectables. This method was validated for accuracy, precision, linearity and Robustness as per ICH guidelines.
UV Spectroscopic Assay Method Development and Validation of Amoxicillin in ...Imran al
UV Spectroscopic Assay Method Development and Validation of Amoxicillin in Tablet Formulation in 3 different brand tablet formulations used in Bangladesh
Determination of metronidazole from the solid dosage formAtai Rabby
Metronidazole is determined or assayed spectrophotometrically as the present methods abbeys Beer’s Law in the concentration range of 100-150 µg at about 500nm. By using the absorbance of standard solution of Metronidazole, the unknown amount of this drug in the sample can be calculated. The unknown amount of metronidazole is generally calculated by drawing the standard curve.
A new precise accurate and reliable validated method for the determination of Capecitabine was developed by using
reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Spectrophotometer
determination was carried out at an absorption maximum of 240nm by using methanol. The linearity was over the
concentration range of 20-120 μg/ml with correlation coefficient 0.999. Chromatographic separation was carried
out by using a mobile phase of methanol: Acetonitrile: water (80:20:80 V/V) on Waters 2487 dual absorbance
column in an isocratic mode at a flow rate of 1.1 ml/min with UV detection at 240 nm. The developed methods were
found to be precise and accurate for the estimation of Capecitabine in pharmaceutical dosage forms and could be
used for routine analysis.
Keywords: Capecitabine, RP-HPLC, Spectrophotometry, Waters 2487 dual absorbance detector, Nova pack 300 ×
3.9mm 5μ as column, 240nm
Spectrophotometric Determination of Cardiovascular DrugsIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Similar to Analytical method Development and Validation for the estimation of Pioglitazone hydrochloride in Bulk and Tablet dosage form by UV_Spectroscopy
Our journal has been understands the importance of maintaining high standards in research. This commitment is reflected in its team of scientists and academicians, who dedicate their expertise to assist others in learning and improving their research paper writing skills.
Spectrophotometric Estimation of Dronedarone Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical ...Jing Zang
An accurate and precise UV spectrophotometric method with multivariate calibration technique for the determination of dronedarone hydrochloride in pharmaceutical dosage forms has been described. The term multivariate calibration refers to the process of constructing a mathematical model that relates a property such as content or identity to the absorbance of a set of known reference samples at more than one wavelength. Dronedarone shows maximum wavelength at 288 nm using methanol as a solvent and obeyed Beer’s law in the linear range of 10-35μg/ml. The present method was found to be accurate, precise, and can be successfully used for quantitative estimation of dronedarone in drug and tablet dosage form compare to other complex techniques.
New RP HPLC method for the estimation of imatinib in pharmaceutical dosage formSriramNagarajan19
A simple and selective LC method is described for the determination of Imatinib dosage forms. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a c18 column using mobile phase consisting of a mixture of Water: Acetonitrile (30:70 v/v), with detection of 272nm. Linearity was observed in the range 50-150 µg /ml for Imatinib (r2 =0.9976) for the amount of drugs estimated by the proposed methods was in good agreement with the label claim. The proposed methods were validated. The accuracy of the methods was assessed by recovery studies at three different levels. Recovery experiments indicated the absence of interference from commonly encountered pharmaceutical additives. The method was found to be precise as indicated by the repeatability analysis, showing %RSD less than 2. All statistical data proves validity of the methods and can be used for routine analysis of pharmaceutical dosage form.
Development and Validation of Reverse Phase Liquid Chromatography Method for ...IOSR Journals
A simple, precise and reversed phase liquid chromatographic method was developed and it is validated for estimation of losartan in bulk drug. Losartan is use for treatment of hypertension. The separation was achieved on Acquity BEH C18 1.7μ, (2.1 X 100) mm, analytical column with mobile phase consisted of buffer (adjust pH 3.0 of water with dilute formic acid) : Acetonitrile (50:50 v/v) at isocratic flow of 0.3ml/min with UV detection wavelength was at 230 nm. The method was successfully validated in accordance to ICH guidelines for accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity. The linear regression analysis data for calibration plots showed good linear relationship in the concentration range 25-75μg/mL for losartan. The % Recovery/Accuracy was within the range between 98% and 102%. The percentage RSD for precision method was found to be less than 2%. The method was successfully applied for routine analysis of losartan in bulk samples
Department of Pharmaceutical Management and Regulatory Affairs, Lachoo Memorial College of Science & Technology, Pharmacy Wing, Jodhpur National University, Rajasthan – 342003
Analytical Method development and routine QC analysis for determination of Genotoxic impurities (GI) at trace levels present exceptional challenges to the pharmaceutical development and QC laboratories. These impurities are required to be controlled at trace levels in new drug substances and drug products. The International Conference on Harmonization’s (ICH) M7 guideline provides recommendations for toxicology assessment, identification, categorization, and control of actual and potential mutagenic impurities that are likely to arise during the manufacturing and long-term storage of a new drug substance and drug product
Numerous separation and detection techniques are available which can be used to determine the levels present in given samples. Selecting the suitable analytical technique depends on the analyte (GI) physicochemical properties, desired sensitivity as well as the matrix interference needs to be taken into account.
Stability indicating method development and validation for the estimation of ...SriramNagarajan18
Stability indicating method development and validation for the estimation of Doxorubicin by using RP-HPLC method in a bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLY (Ɛ-CAPROLACTONE) NANOSUSPENSION CONT...VIJAY SINGH
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLY
(Ɛ-CAPROLACTONE) NANOSUSPENSION CONTAINING
SATRANIDAZOLE
Similar to Analytical method Development and Validation for the estimation of Pioglitazone hydrochloride in Bulk and Tablet dosage form by UV_Spectroscopy (20)
Formulation, characterization and Evaluation of Transdermal Film Containing N...SriramNagarajan15
Transdermal drug delivery system has numerous advantages over the more traditional drug delivery systems. This includes high bioavailability, steady drug plasma concentration, absence of first pass hepatic metabolism effect. Transdermal film is an adhesive film that has a coating of a drug that is placed on the skin to deliver a specific dose of the drug into the bloodstream over a period. The aim of present study an attempt was made to design the transdermal drug delivery system of naproxen with Ethyl Cellulose polymer in various concentrations. Transdermal films were prepared by solvent casting method by using Dibutylpthalate as plasticizer. The prepared films were characterized in physical appearance, thickness, drug content, weightvaration, Folding endurance, percentage moisture uptake and in-vitro release study.
Traditional Kashmiri Recipe “Shangri-Kahwa” as a Stimulant Drink and Effectiv...SriramNagarajan15
The popular recipe “Shangri-kahwa” is an age old home remedy for respiratory and various other problems in almost whole of Kashmir. It is prepared from important spices like liquorice, clove, cinnamon, and cardamom, which have documented health benefits. Information about its use and method of preparation was obtained from group discussions held in some villages of Baramullah district of Jammu and Kashmir. People in these villages believe that Shangri-kahwa is cost effective, delicious, made from easily available ingredients and can be prepared easily at home. Being residents of this area, the authors are aware of the popularity of this magical drink used as a first line of treatment for various ailments at home, particularly during cold days. This recipe is extremely famous in these villages both as a refreshing and stimulant drink, as well as believed to be highly efficacious in respiratory illnesses. It is cost effective and highly palatable. The ingredients of Shangri-kahwa are being used extensively in Unani system of medicine and Ayurveda for almost same indications as the recipe is used. This study was carried out to highlight the effectiveness and focus the attention of the researchers towards this attractive and effective dosage form used as home remedy in Kashmir.
Antibacterial activity on leaf extracts of Syzgium jambalonamSriramNagarajan15
The purpose of this investigation was to extract the bioactive agents from the Methanol, Acetone extracts were examined for their activities against pathogenic microorganism (Proteus vulgaris, Staphyloccus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and E.coli). The most of the incidence of infections caused by pathogenic microorganism in our routine life and the importance of using novel synergistic drug has become important. In the present study enhanced inhibitory effects were achieved by employing solvent extracts of Syzgium jambalonam. These MIC were compared with well known antibacterial plant of Neem extract (Biological source-Azadirachta indica, Family-Meliaceae).
Bilayer tablet is new era for the successful development of controlled release formulation along with various features to provide a way of successful drug delivery system. Bi-layer tablets developing a combination of two or more Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) in a single dosage form (bilayer tablet) has increased in the pharmaceutical industry, promoting patient convenience and compliance. For a variety of reasons: patent extension, therapeutic, marketing to name a few. To reduce capital investment, quite often existing but modified tablet presses are used to develop and produce such tablets. This article explains why the development and production of quality bi-layer tablets needs to be carried out on purpose-built tablet presses to overcome common bi-layer problems, such as layer-separation, insufficient hardness, inaccurate individual layer weight control, cross-contamination between the layers, reduced yield, etc. Using a modified tablet press may therefore not be your best approach to producing bilayer tablet under GMP-condition. Especially when in addition high production output is required.
Spectrophotometric Estimation of Rosuvastatin Calcium in Bulk and Pharmaceuti...SriramNagarajan15
Rosuvastatin calcium of the class statins is used for primary hyperlipidemias. It is a selective and competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase. In the present work, simple, sensitive and economic spectrophotometric method has been developed for quantitative determination of Rosuvastatin calcium. In the present spectrophotometric method Rosuvastatin calcium was dissolved in double distilled water. It exhibited an absorption maximum at 241 nm and obeyed Beer’s law in the concentration range of 5-25g/ml. The results of analysis have been validated and found to be sensitive, precise and accurate for quantitative determination of Rosuvastatin calcium in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulations.
Analytical method development and its application to extractive spectrophotom...SriramNagarajan15
The reagent was synthesized and characterization was carried out by FTIR, NMR, elemental analysis as well as Mass spectrometry. The synthesized reagent was then applied for the development of the analytical method for the extractive spectrophotometric determination of cobalt (II). Cobalt metal forms pale yellow coloured complex, which can be extracted in chloroform at pH 9.4 having absorption maxima at 415 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range 1-8.00 μg. The molar absorptivity and Sandell’s Sensitivity of the extracted species are 7.1724 X 103 Lit mol-1 cm-2 and 8.2165 X 10-3μg cm-2 respectively. The developed method is highly sensitive, selective, simple, rapid, accurate, and has been satisfactorily applied for the determination of cobalt in the synthetic mixtures, pharmaceutical samples, and alloys.
Analytical Method Development and Validation of Dutasteride and Tamsulosin Hc...SriramNagarajan15
A simple,specific, sensitive,precise and reproducible Reverse Phase High Performance liquid Chromatography method has been developed for simultaneous estimation of Dutasteride and Tamsulosin Hcl. Dutasteride and Tamsulosin is Anti-hyperplasia and Anti-hypertensive drug.The determinationwas carried out byusingsymmetryC-18columnwith Methanol:0.1M Monobasic potassiumdihydrogenphosphate buffer(75:25) Adjusted the pH to 2.5 with Ortho phosporic acid as the mobile phase and with the detection wavelength of274 nmrespectively.The flow rate is 0.7 ml/min.TheRetentiontime of Dutasteride,Tamsulosin Hcl was 2.218 minand 6.599 min respectively.Linearityforthe Dutasteride and Tamsulosin Hcl were found inthe rangeof 25-75µgmand 20-60µgm respectively.The limitof quantificationforbothdrugs wasfound to be30,24µg respectively.The recoveries of Tamsulosin and Dutasteride were found to be inthe range of 99.81-99.90 %and98.00-102.00%, respectively. The proposed method was validated suitably and canbeused for routine analysis. The degradation studies indicated Dutasteride and Tamsulosin Hcl to besusceptible to neutralhydrolysis, while Dutasteride and Tamsulosin Hcl showed degradation inacid, H2O2,photolytic and inpresenceof UV radiation.The degradation productsof Dutasteride andTamsulosin Hcl inacidic and photolytic conditions were well resolved from the pure drug with significant differences in the irretention time values. This method can be successfully employed forsimultaneous quantitative analysis of Dutasteride and Tamsulosin Hcl in formulations.
Formulation and Evaluation of Mouth Dissolving Tablets in MirtazapineSriramNagarajan15
The present study was undertaken with an aim to development of formulation and evaluation of mouth dissolving tablets in mirtazapine. Mirtazapine, Gelatin, Cross Caramellose Sodium, Mannitol, aerosil, magnesium stearate, aspartame, mango flavor and microcrystalline cellulose were used for the preparation of tablets. The tablets were prepared by wet granulation method and evaluated for tablets thickness, weight variation, tablet hardness, friability, and in vitro drug release. Formulation F6 can be considered as an ideal or optimized formulation for mouth dissolving tablets of mirtazapine. It can be concluded that mouth dissolving tablet of mirtazapine. Can be successfully formulated and improving its bio availability.
Synthesis and Pharmacological evaluation of new Benzoxozole DerivativesSriramNagarajan15
Benzoxazoles1 are usually prepared by heating 2-Aminophenol with formic acids in the presence of Boric acid under reflux. Condensation of these two substances under milder conditions. Being a heterocyclic compound, benzoxazole finds use in research as a starting material for the synthesis of larger, usually bioactive structures. It is found within the chemical structures of pharmaceutical drugs such as flunoxaprofen. Benzoxazole derivatives are provided a protection against noxious UV radiation.Benzoxazole derivatives are also used in cosmotic compositions, such as for examples mainly cinnamic acid, 4-aminobenzoic acid.Benzoxazole derivatives are also used in the optical brighteners.These derivatives are used as Anticonvulsant and Neurotoxicity2 , Anti-inflammatory agents3, “Antibacterial activity”4, Cholesteryl ester transfer Protein inhibitors5, Antimicrobial activity6,7, Antifungal activity’8, Cyclooxygenase inhibitors9, hair treatment products and also used as a skin protectants.
Evaluate the Disinfectant Activity of Some Commercial Preparations by Rideal ...SriramNagarajan15
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare practically achieved disinfection efficacy of some locally available disinfectants on surfaces and infectious microbiological hospital waste. Three disinfectants were tested at concentrations recommended by manufacturers on rough and smooth surfaces that were contaminated experimentally by locally circulating isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, multi drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, standard isolate of Salmonella typhi and Candida albicans. Reduction in microbial counts before and after surface disinfection was expressed as log reduction. A very heavy microbial waste load was simulated by immersing culture plates with heavy microbial growth in disinfectants. Daily, a sample of disinfectant was taken and subjected to Rideal-walker test.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological evaluation of substituted Pyrazole...SriramNagarajan15
The work presented in this article consists of synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of substituted pyrazole derivatives. Pyrazole derivatives have been shown to have wide variety of pharmacological activities like antimicrobial, antiviral, antihistaminic, antitumor, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant and anticonvulsant. As combination of biologically active moieties into one molecule and synthesis of totally newer moieties have been the methods of research, we present here synthesis of some novel pyrazole derivatives incorporating various biologically active aryl/aryloxy acid derivatives such as ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac as well as potent antibacterial quinolones, norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. All the compounds synthesized were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity.
Synthesis, characterization of certain new heterocyclic hybrids of pyrazoles ...SriramNagarajan15
The work presented in this article consists of synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of substituted pyrazole derivatives. Pyrazole derivatives have been shown to have wide variety of pharmacological activities like anti-inflammatory, antidepressant and anticonvulsant. As combination of biologically active moieties into one molecule and synthesis of totally newer moieties have been the methods of research, the present study is an attempt to synthesize some novel pyrazole derivatives, incorporating various biologically active aryl / aryloxy acid derivatives, such as ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac as well as potent antibacterial quinolones, norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. All the compounds synthesized were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory (Carrageenan induced paw oedema method) activity. The results obtained were found to be compatible with standard literature and standard drug employed. Hence, the obtained derivatives can be subjected to further clinical studies to optimize their clinical efficacy.
Lead toxicity due to paint and other industrial sources and contradiction in ...SriramNagarajan15
Lead is one of the oldest known and most widely studied occupational and environmental toxins. Despite intensive study, there is still vigorous debate about the toxic effects of lead, both from low-level exposure in the general population owing to environmental pollution and historic use of lead in paint and plumbing and from exposure in the occupational setting. The majority of industries historically associated with high lead exposure have made dramatic advances in their control of occupational exposure. However, cases of unacceptably high exposure and even of frank lead poisoning are still seen, predominantly in the demolition and tank cleaning industries. Nevertheless, in most industries blood lead levels have declined below levels at which signs or symptoms are seen and the current focus of attention is on the subclinical effects of exposure. The significance of some of these effects for the overt health of the workers is often the subject of debate. Inevitably there is pressure to reduce lead exposure in the general population and in working environments, but any legislation must be based on a genuine scientific evaluation of the available evidences. We will discuss in this article about the various Mechanism of actions due to toxicity of the lead.
Synthesis, antiviral and cytotoxicity activities of N-Sulphonamidomethyl benz...SriramNagarajan15
A series of novel N-sulphonamido methyl benztriazole derivatives had been synthesized by combining benztriazole, formaldehyde and sulphonamides. Structure of synthesized compounds was elucidated by spectral analysis. Synthesized compounds were evaluated for in-vitro antiviral activity against HIV, HSV and Vaccinia viruses in cell culture. N-Sulphonamido methyl benzotriazole (BT-SN) inhibits Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) -2 and Vaccinia virus at 34 µg/ml, respectively. HSV-1 at the concentration of 45 µg/ml. The minimum cytotoxic concentration was found to be more than 100µg/ml. So these compounds are suitable for designing newer derivatives and molecular modifications in them may help in optimizing antiviral activity.
Development and validation of HPLC method for the estimation of Escitalopram ...SriramNagarajan15
A simple, specific, robust, accurate and precise isocratic HPLC method has been developed and subsequently validated for simultaneous determination of escitalopram (ESP) in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Kromosil (250x4.6)mm 5µ with flow rate of 1ml/ min by using JASCO PU-1580 and UV/VIS JASCO UV-1570 at 238 nm. The separation was carried out using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile, methanol and 5mM ammonium acetate buffer (pH 3.0) in the ratio 30:20:50 respectively. The retention time for escitaloparm was found to be 5.36 minutes respectively. The correlation coefficient was found to be 0.9997 (ESP). The mean percentage recovery was found to be 101.86 respectively. The % estimation of the drugs was found near to 100 % representing the accuracy in the method. The proposed method was also validated and applied for the analysis of drugs in tablet formulation.
In-vivo analgesic, anti-inflammatory and central nervous system - locomotor a...SriramNagarajan15
Two homologous series of 1, 2-disubstituted benzimidazoles carrying isoindolines (6a-n) were synthesized by mannich type reaction of 2-alkyl benzimidazolyl isoindoline-1,3-dione (4a-b) with different substituted aromatic primary amines (5a-g) using formaldehyde in acid as a condensing agent. The pthalic anhydride (1) and amino acids -glycine, alanine (2a-b) fused at 180° c to give 2-(1, 3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl) carboxylic acids (3a-b). These acids undergo cyclization with 1, 2 diaminobenzene yield (4a-b). The structures of the synthesized isoindolines were confirmed by spectral analysis. The synthesized benzimidazolyl isoindoline were screened for their in-vivo antinociceptive activities. Most of the synthesized isoindolines exhibited significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Among this isoindolines 6c, 6d, 6e, 6f, 6l, 6k, 6m, 6n were showed appreciable antinociceptive potency. The isoindolines (4a-b) and (6a-n) were screened for their in-vivo central nervous system locomotor activities. Among these tested isoindolines 4a, 4b, 6a, 6b, 6e, 6f were only shows elevated central nervous system depressant potency.
Method Development and Validation of Naftopidil by Reverse Phase-HPLC in Bulk...SriramNagarajan15
A new simple, accurate, rapid and precise isocratic High performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the determination of Etomidate (ETO) injection. The Method employs Waters HPLC system on Develosil –ods-UG column (300 x 3.9 mm x 5µm) and flow rate of 1.5 mL/min with a load of 20 µL. Acetonitrile and Phosphate buffer was used as mobile phase in the composition of 40:60. The Detection was carried out at 254 nm. Linearity ranges for Etomidate was 40-240 µg/ml respectively. Retention Time of Etomidate was found to be 12.061 minutes respectively. Percent recovery study values of Etomidate were found to be within 98-102 %. This newly developed method was successfully utilized for the Quantitative estimation of Etomidate in injectables. This method was validated for accuracy, precision, linearity and Robustness as per ICH guidelines.
Method Development and Validation of Clopidogrel Bisulphate by Reverse Phase-...SriramNagarajan15
A new, simple sensitive, rapid, accurate and precise RP-HPLC method was developed for the estimation of Clopidogrel bisulphate in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulation. Clopidogrel bisulphate was chromatographed on a reverse phase C18column (150 mm x 4.5 mm, i.d 5μm) in a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (pH: 3.0) in the ratio of 60:40 % v/v. The mobile phase was pumped at a flow rate of 1 ml/min with detection at 224 nm. The detector response was linear in the concentration of 50-150 μg /ml. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation was found to be 1.3 and 4.2 µg/ml, respectively. The intra and inter day variation was found to be less than 2%. The mean recovery of the drug from the solution was 99.79%. The proposed method is simple, fast, accurate, precise and reproducible hence, it can be applied for routine quality control analysis of Clopidogrel bisulphate in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulation. Key words: Clopidogrel bisulphate, RP-HPLC, Validation, Accuracy, Precision.
RP-HPLC Assay Method Validation for the estimation of new Anti-retroviral dru...SriramNagarajan15
A Reverse phase HPLC method was developed for estimation of the Lamivudine in bulk and tablet formulation by using ODS column (250mm×4.6mm, 5µm) and Acetate buffer: acetonitrile (50:50) as mobile phase, at a flow rate of 1.5ml/min. The detection was carried at the 272nm the retention time of the Lamivudine is 1.850. The developed method was validated for the various parameters as per the ICH guidelines like accuracy precision, linearity and range, Robustnes. Linearity was obtained in the concentration range of 10µg/ml to 50µg/ml with correlation coefficient of 0.999. The accuracy of the method was assessed by recovery studies at three different concentration levels. The percentage recovery of Lamivudine was found to be in the range of 98% -102%. The method was found to be precise as indicated by the repeatability, inter-day, intra-day analysis, showing %RSD less than 2. Key words: RP-HPLC, Lamivudine, Pharmaceutical dosage form.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
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Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
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Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journey
Analytical method Development and Validation for the estimation of Pioglitazone hydrochloride in Bulk and Tablet dosage form by UV_Spectroscopy
1. 55
* Corresponding author: M.Venkatesh
E-mail address: venkateshpharma@yahoo.com
IJPAR |Volume 2 | Issue 2 | Apr - Jun- 2013 ISSN: 2320-2831
Available Online at: www.ijpar.com
[Research article]
Analytical method Development and Validation for the estimation of
Pioglitazone hydrochloride in Bulk and Tablet dosage form
by UV_Spectroscopy
*M.Venkatesh, B.Narender, D.Anusha, G.Srikanthbabu, J.Mounika, S.Laxman.
Moonray institute of Pharmaceutical sciences, Raikal(V), Mahabubnagar (D),
Andhrapradesh, India – 509 216
ABSTRACT
This paper describes the analytical method suitable for validation of Pioglitazone hydrochloride by UV
Spectrophotometric method. The method utilized UV spectroscopy and the solvent system was consists of 6 N
Glacial acetic acid at wave length 270 nm. Validation experiments were performed to demonstrate Specificity,
Precision, Linearity, Accuracy, ruggedness. The method was linear over the concentration range of 10-50 µg/ml.
The Proposed method was simple, sensitive & reliable with good Precise, Accurate, and Reproducible and rapid
for the determination of Pioglitazone. The commercial formulations are estimated without interference. Hence
this method can be used for routine determination of Pioglitazone hydrochloride in bulk and their
pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Key words: UV-Spectrophotometry, Pioglitazone hydrochloride, Pharmaceutical dosage form.
INTRODUCTION
Pioglitazone hydrochloride is an oral anti-
hyperglycemic agent which is used in the treatment
of type 2diabetes mellitus. This type of diabetes
mellitus is also known as non-insulin-dependent
diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). This syndrome is
characterized by hyper glycemia resulting from
abnormalities in insulin secretion, action or both
Systematic (IUPAC) Name: (±)-5-{[4-[2-(5-ethyl-
2-pyridinyl) ethoxy] phenyl] methyl}-2,4-
thiazolidinedione mono hydrochloride(1,2)
. The aim
of the present study was to develop and validate a
simple, UV Spectroscopic method for the
determination of Pioglitazone hydrochloride in
bulk and tablets. The developed method was
validated using ICH guidelines for validation
(ICH,1995) (2)
Materials and Methods
Instrument
Absorption spectral measurements were carried out
with a UV – Visible spectrophotometer (Analytical
technologies model spectro 2060 plus version 5)
was employed with spectral band width of 5 nm
and wavelength accuracy of 0.3nm (with automatic
wavelength correction with a pair of 5 cm matched
quartz cells).
Chemicals
Pioglitazone hydrochloride pure drug was supplied
by Hetero Labs, India as gift sample and used as
such. Spectroscopy graded water and analytical
reagent grade glacial acetic acid were used.
2. 56
M.Venkatesh et al / Int. J. of Pharmacy and Analytical Research Vol-2(2) 2013 [55-58]
www.ijpar.com
Preparation of standard stock solution
Standard solution of pioglitazone hydrochloride
was prepared by dissolving 10 mg of Pioglitazone
hydrochloride in 10ml of mobile phase (6N GAA)
to get concentration 1000µg/ml. Different aliquots
of above solution in the range 0.1 to 0.5 ml were
transferred into series of 10ml volumetric flask and
volume made up to the mark with water to obtain
the concentrations 10 to 50µg/ml. scanning ranges
was finalized for study and solutions were scanned
on spectrophotometer in the UV range of 200-
400nm.
Preliminary solubility studies of drugs
A small quantity of standard drug was dissolved
in different solvents like distilled water, methanol,
ethanol, acetonitrile, isopropyl alcohol, and in
various buffer solutions. By the solubility studies
we determined that the drug was dissolved in 6N
glacial acetic acid, hence this solvent system was
used in the present study.
Determination of λ max
From the stock solutions, a working standard was
prepared. The absorption spectrum for pioglitazone
hydrochloride, the absorption spectrum was
recorded using 10µg/ml solution and the maximum
absorption was found to be 270nm. The Calibration
curves were prepared for Pioglitazone the
concentration range of 10-50 µg/ml at selected
wave lengths by diluting aliquot portions of stock
solution of each drug. The plots of Beer’s law limit
are shown in Fig.1.
Fig.1 Calibration curve of Pioglitazone hydrochloride
Preparation of Sample solution
Sample label claim 30 mg. The average weight was
determined with 20 tablets, which were grounded
in a mortar until fine powder. Accurately weighed
amount of powder equivalent to 10 mg of
Pioglitazone hydrochloride was quantitatively
transferred to a 10 ml calibrated volumetric flask
with the mobile phase (6N GAA). The volume was
made up to mark, shake for 15 min and filter the
sample solution using What man filter paper No-1.
From above solution 1ml was transferred to 10 ml
calibrated volumetric flask and made up to mark
with the aid of 6 N GAA to obtain the
concentration 100 µg /ml. From above solution 0.3
ml was transferred to 10 ml calibrated volumetric
flask and made up to mark with the aid of 6N GAA
to obtain the concentration 30 µg/ml. Then the
solution was scanned from 200-400 nm.
METHOD VALIDATION
The method was validated with reference to
linearity, accuracy, precision, and specificity,
ruggedness. (5)
Linearity
Linearity was performed by taking aliquots of
0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 ml from stock solution
(1mg/ml) in 10ml volumetric flasks and diluted up
to the mark with the (6N GAA ) such that the final
concentration of Pioglitazone in the range of 10
to50 µg/ml. Under the experimental conditions
described the graphs obtained by plotting
concentration (µg/ml) vs absorbance. The
observations and calibration curve is shown in
Table 1 and Fig.1
3. 57
M.Venkatesh et al / Int. J. of Pharmacy and Analytical Research Vol-2(2) 2013 [55-58]
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TABLE: 1 OPTICAL CHARACTERISTIC AND LINEARITY DATA
Parameters Observations
λmax for Pioglitazone hydrochloride
Beer’s law limits
Correlation coefficient
Regression equation (Y=mx+c)
Intercept(a)
Slope(b)
Molar absorptivity
Sandell sensitivity
270 nm
10-50 µg/ ml
0.999
Y= -0.009+0.025x
-0.0094
0.02528
9888.67L/Mole/Cm
0.039735 µg/ ml
Accuracy
The accuracy was assessed by determining the
%RSD values for 24 µg/ml, 30µg/ml, 36 µg/ml,
(n=10) i.e at 80%, 100%, 120% level the resulting
solutions were then reanalyzed by proposed
method. The results are shown in table 2.
TABLE: 2 ACCURACY STUDIES
Level of accuracy %RSD
80% 0.66
100% 0.59
120% 0.66
Precision
Precision of the methods was studied as intra-day,
inter day and repeatability. Intra-day, study was
performed by analyzing, the three different
concentration of the drug (80%, 100%, 120%) in
the same day. Inter-day precision was performed
by analyzing three different concentration of the
drug (80%, 100%, and 120%) for three days in a
week (4).
Repeatability was performed by analyzing
the three different concentration of drug (80%,
100%, and 120%) for 10 times at each
concentration and the results are shown in table
3&4.
TABLE: 3 RESULTS FROM INTERDAY PRECISION
INTERDAY PRECISION
DAY-1 DAY-2 DAY-3
24
µg/ml
30
µg/ml
36
µg/ml
24
µg/ml
30
µg/ml
36
µg/ml
24
µg/ml
30
µg/ml
36
µg/ml
%RSD 0.27 0.35 0.55 0.34 0.37 0.38 0.34 0.31 0.25
TABLE:4 RESULTS FROM INTRADAY PRECISION & REPEATABILITY
INTRA DAY PRECISION REPEATABILITY
10.30AM 3.30PM
Concentration(µg/ml)concentration(µg/ml) concentration(µg/ml)
24 30 36 24 30 36 24 30 36
% RSD 0.44 0.54 0.20 0.41 0.25 0.25 0.36 0.38 0.30
RUGGEDNESS OF TEST METHOD
ANALYST TO ANALYST
Analyst to Analyst variability study was conducted
with different analysts under similar conditions at
different concentration levels (24 µg/ml, 30 µg/ml,
36 µg/ml). Triplicate samples were prepared and
each was analyzed as per test method and the
results are shown in table 5.
4. 58
M.Venkatesh et al / Int. J. of Pharmacy and Analytical Research Vol-2(2) 2013 [55-58]
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TABLE 5: RESULTS FROM RUGGEDNESS
RUGGEDNESS
Analyst-1 Analyst-2
24 µg/ml 30 µg/ml 36 µg/ml 24 µg/ml 30µg/ml 36 µg/ml
%RSD 0.56 0.66 0.16 0.28 0.35 0.28
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Development and validation of spectro photometric
method for the estimation pioglitazone could be
used as a valuable analytical tool in routine
analysis, to check the batch to batch variations.
After the drug is approved, pharmaceutical
validation and development of finger printing are
necessary to ensure that the drug product will
meet/set pharmaceutical standards for identity,
strength, quality, purity, safety and efficacy.
The wavelength 270nm (λmax for Pioglitazone)
was selected for analysis of the drugs in 6N glacial
acetic acid and linearity was observed in the range
10-50 µg/ml (r =0.999) for the amount of drugs
estimated by the proposed methods was in good
agreement with the label claim. The proposed
methods were validated with reference to linearity,
accuracy, precision, and specificity. The accuracy
of the methods was assessed by recovery studies at
three different concentration levels. Molar
absorptivity (e), low values of Sandell sensitivity
indicated the high sensitivity of the proposed
method.
The method was found to be precise as indicated by
the repeatability, intra-day, inter-day analysis,
showing %RSD less than 2. The results did not
show any statistical difference between analysts
suggesting that the method which is developed is
rugged. The results of precision shown in table 3.
All statistical data proves validity of the methods
and can be used for routine analysis of
pharmaceutical formulation.
TABLE 4: ANALYSIS DATA OF TABLET FORMULATION
Drug Label claim (mg/tab) Assay(% of label claim) ± %RSD
Piosis 30 99.1±0.51
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors are grateful to the Management &
Principal of Moonray institute of pharmaceutical
sciences, Raikal(v), Mahabubnagar (Dist), Andhra
pradesh, India – 509216, for their continuous
support and encouragement and for providing the
necessary facilities.
REFERENCES
[1] Indian pharmacopoeia. Controller of Publications, Delhi, volume-III, 2010, pp.1916, 1917
[2] International conference on Harmonization,”Q2A: Text on validation of Analytical Procedures,”
Federal register 60(40), 11260-11262(1995).
[3] Dr.Chowdary, K.P.R.; Devalo Rao, G.; Himabindu, G.Validation of analytical methods, The Eastern
Pharmacist. 1999, 497, 39-41.
[4] Pragati Shakya et al (2006) has performed the determination of pioglitazone hydrochloride in bulk and
pharmaceutical formulations by UV Spectro photometric method. IJPSR, 2010; Vol. 1 (11): 153-157
ISSN: 0975-8232.
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