The document outlines the definitions, purposes, structures, and language features of analytical and hortatory expositions, as well as pamphlets. Analytical expositions aim to persuade readers about a specific idea through structured arguments, while hortatory expositions motivate readers to act regarding a particular issue. Pamphlets serve as informational material to educate, inform, or advertise, featuring distinctive structural and language characteristics.

1. ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION
1. Definition of Analytical Exposition
Exposition is a text that elaborates the writer‘s idea about the
phenomenon surrounding. Its social function is to persuade the reader
that the idea is important matter.
2. Purpose of Analytical Exposition
 To persuade the reader or listener that there is something that,
certainly, needs to get attention
 To analyze a topic and to persuade the reader that this opinion is
correct and supported by arguments
3. Generic Structure of Analytical Exposition
o Thesis : Introducing the topic and indicating the writer’s
position
o Argument 1 : Explaining the argument to support the writer’s
position
o Argument 2 : Explaining the other arguments support the writer’s
position more
o Reiteration : Restating the writer’s position
4. Language Features of Analytical Exposition
 Focus on generic human and non-human participants, e.g.: car,
pollution, leaded petrol car
 Use abstract noun, e.g.: policy, goverment
 Use of relational processes, e.g.: It is important

2.  Modal verbs, e.g.: we must preserve
 Modal adverbs, e.g.: certainly we.
 Connective or Use of internal conjunction to state argument, e.g.:
first, secondly, then, finally
 Evaluative language, e.g.: important, valuable, trustworthy, etc.
 Giving reasons through causal conjunction, e.g. so, thus,
therefore, hence
 Use of present tense
 Passive sentence
5. The example of Analytical Exposition
Cars should be banned in the city
Thesis Cars should be banned in the city. As we all
know, cars create pollution, and cause a lot of road
deaths and other accidents.
Arguments Firstly, cars, as we all know, contribute to most
of the pollution in the world.
Cars emit a deadly gas that causes illnesses such
as bronchitis, lung cancer, and ‘triggers’ off asthma.
Some of these illnesses are so bad that people can
die from them.
Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians
wander everywhere and cars commonly hit
pedestrians in the city, which causes them to die.
Cars today are our roads biggest killers.
Reiteration In conclusion, cars should be banned from the
city for the reasons listed.

3. Hortatory Exposition
1. Definition of Hortatory Exposition
Hortatory exposition is a text which represent the attempt of the
writer to have the addressee do something or act in certain way.
2. Purpose of Hortatory Exposition
To persuade the readers that something should or should not be the
case or be done.
 Hortatry exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is
intended to explain the listeners or readers that something should
or should not happen or be done.
 To strengthen the explanation, the speaker or writer needs some
arguments as the fundamental reasons of the given idea. In other
words, this kind of text can be called as argumentation.
 Hortatory exposition text can be found in scientific books,
journals, magazines, newspaper articles, academic speech or
lectures, research report etc.
 Hortatory expositions are popular among science, academic
community and educated people.
3. Generic Structure of Hortatory Exposition
 Thesis : Statement or announcement of issue concern
 Arguments : Reasons for concern that will lead to
recommendation
 Recommendation : Statement of what should or should not
happen or be done based on the given
arguments

4. 4. Language Features of Analytical Exposition
 Using Simple Present Tense
 Using modals
 Using action verbs
 Using thinking verbs
 Using adverbs
 Using adjective
 Using technical terms
 Using general and abstract noun
 Using connectives/transition
5. Example of Hortatory Exposition
Watching TV
Thesis Is it important to know what your kids are
watching? Of course it is. Television can expose
your children to things that you have tried to
protect them from, especially violence, drug
abuse, etc.
Arguments
One study demonstrated that watching too
much TV during the day or at bedtime often
causes bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay and
anxiety around sleep, followed by shortened
sleep duration.
Another study found a significant association
between the amount of time spent watching
television during adolescence and early
adulthood, and the like hood of subsequent
aggressive acts against others.
Meanwhile, many studies have found an
association between kids watching a lot of TV,
being inactive and overweight.

5. Recommendation: Considering some facts above, protect your
children with some following tips:
1. Limit television viewing to 1-2 hours each
day.
2. Do not allow your children to have a TV set
in their bedrooms.
3. Review the ratings of TV shows that your
children watch.

6. Pamphlet
1. Definition of Pamphlet
Pamphlet is a type of advertising or informational material
consisting of a small leaflet or booklet. A pamphlet is an unbound
booklet (that is, without a hard cover or binding). It may consist of a
single sheet of paper that is printed on both sides and folded in half,
in thirds, or in fourths (called a leaflet), or it may consist of a few
pages that are folded in half and saddle stapled at the crease to make
a simple book.
2. Purpose of Pamphlet
 Pamphlets are useful in business communications.
 To educate, inform, persuade, or entertain your intended
audience.
 To mobilise people to support your cause.
 To advertise a meeting or specific event.
 To popularise your slogans and messages.
3. Generic Structure of Pamphlet
 Title : The name of products or service offered in
pamphlet.
 Contain : The information given about the products or
service offered in pamphlet.
 Contact person : Name, address, or phone number person to find
out more information about something that’s
offered in pamphlet.

7. 4. Assessment conditions and Language Features of Pamphlet
A maximum of 500 words in the form of a pamphlet. The
pamphlet should be set out in columns, be easy to display and visually
appealing so that is more likely to attract the target audience.
Assessment Design Criteria
Knowledge and Understanding
The specific features are as follows:
KU1 Recognition and understanding of the ways in which texts are
constructed for specific purposes and audiences.
Application
The specific features are as follows:
A1 Location and/or selection of relevant information from different
sources, including through the use of information and
communication technologies.
A2 Identification and analysis of different structural and language
features of texts.
A3 Production of texts for everyday purposes.
Communication
The specific features are as follows:
C1 Use of written and oral language skills and forms, including an
appropriate register, to interact effectively with others.
C2 Use of appropriate structural and language techniques, including
grammar, spelling, and syntax, to convey ideas in texts.
C3 Communication of ideas using coherent written and oral
language skills, and vocabulary appropriate to different
situations.

8. 5. Example of Pamphet