ppt on population growth with effects of it and case study on effects and ways to control population growth. and age structure of world as well as india and world population event is also there in this ppt. at last mine credits

2. INTRODUCTION
Population growth
An increase in the number of people that
reside in a country, state, or city.
To determine whether there has been
population growth, the following
formula is used :
Gr=N/t

3. WORLDPOPULATIONEVENTS
Time unit Births Deaths Growth
-------------------------------------------------
Year 131,571,719 55,001,289 76,570,430
Month 10,964,310 4,583,441 6,380,869
Day 360,470 150,688 209,782
Hour 15,020 6,279 8,741
Minute 250 105 146
Second 4.2 1.7 2.4
-------------------------------------------------

4. Top 5 countries by
population (2018)
1 China 1,384,688,986
2 India 1,296,834,042
3 United States 329,256,465
4 Indonesia 262,787,403
5 Brazil 208,846,892

5. POPULATION: HISTORICAL TRENDS

6. Population Growth, 1750-2200:

7. CTS OF POPULATION GROW
 POPULATION REDUCES THE RATE OF CAPITAL FORMATION.
 MORE POPULATION REQUIRE MORE RATE OF INVESTMENT.
 IT REDUCES PER CAPITA AVAILABILITY OF CAPITAL.
 ADVERSE EFFECT ON PER CAPITA INCOME.
 IT CREATES THE PROBLEM OF UNEMPLOYMENT.
 RAPID POPULATION GROWTH CREATES FOOD PROBLEM.
 ADVERSE EFFECT ON ENVIRONMENT.
 RAPID POPULATION DECLINES SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE.
 GROWING POPULATION LOWERS STANDARD OF LIVING.
 IMPACT ON MATERNITY WELFARE.

8. CASE STUDY ON THE EFFECTS
1) REDUCTION IN RATE OF CAPITAL FORMATION :
In underdeveloped countries, the composition of population
is determined to increase capital formation. Due to higher birth rate
and low life expectation in these countries, the percentage of
dependents is very high. These population are of non-productive age
groups which simply consumes and does not produce anything.
2) REQUIREMENT OF MORE INVESTMENT:
In economically backward countries, investment requirements
are beyond it’s investing capacity. A rapid growing population
increase the requirements of demographic investment which at same
time reduce the capacity of the people to save it.

9. 3) REDUCTION IN PER CAPITA AVAILIBILITY OF CAPITAL:
The large size of population also reduce per capita
availability of capital in less developed countries. This is true respect
of underdeveloped countries where capital is scare and its supply is
inelastic.
4) ADVERSE EFFECT ON PER CAPITAL INCOME:
Rapid growth of population directly effect per capita income
in an economy. Up to ‘income optimizing level’, the growth of
population increases per capita income but beyond that it
necessarily lowers the same
5) PROBLEM OF UNEMPLOYMENT:
Large size of population results in large army of
labour force. But due to shortage of capital resources it become
difficult to provide gainful employment to entire working
population. Unemployment in urban areas are the normal features
of an underdeveloped country like India.

10. 6) POPULATION GROWTH LEAD TO FOOD PROBLEM:
Increased population means more mouths to feed which,
in turn creates pressure upon available stock of food. This is the
reason, the underdeveloped countries with rapid growing population
are generally faced with a problem of food storage. Despite all their
efforts for raising agricultural production, they are not able to feed
their growing population.
7) ADVERSE EFFECT ON ENVIRONMENT :
Population explosion leads to environment degradation.
Higher birth rate brings more pollution, more toxic wastes and
damage to biosphere. Briefly speaking, population explosion
hinders the economic development. It should be controlled
effectively.

11. 8) RAPID POPULATION DECLINES SOCIAL
INFRASTRUCTURE:
A welfare state line India is pledged to meet social needs of
the people adequately and for this the government has to spend a lot
on providing basic facilities like education, housing and medical aid.
But rapid increase in population make burden all the more heavy.
9) EFFECT ON STANDARD OF LIVING :
Rapid growth of population accounts far low standard of
living. Growth in population leads to increase demand for land. The
cost rise which raise the cost of living of the masses. This brings the
standard of living low
10) IMPACT ON MATERNITY WELFARE:
Population growth is the result of high birth rate. This reduces
health and welfare of women. Frequent pregnancy without having
a gap in hazardous to the health of mother and child. Thus this
leads to high death rate. Hence to improve the social status we
have to reduce birth rate.

12. POPULATION AGE STRUCTURE

13. WAYS TO CONTROL
POPULATION GROWTH
 EMPOWERING WOMEN
 ADOPTION
 BETTER MEDICAL FACILITIES
 EDUCATION
 AWARENESS
 PROVIDING INCENTIVES
 DELAYED MARRIAGES
 ERADICATE POVERTY
 OVERALL DEVELOPMENT
 CONTROLLED MIGRATION

14. THANK YOUTHE END

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