This research is causality which has the objective to analyze the presence or absence of mutual influence of existence of the relationship between variables Soekarno-Hatta International Airport, Manufacturing, Transportation, Services, wholesale and retail trade, Hotels, Restaurants and Economic Growth of Banten. The development of Soekarno Hatta airport positively gives the economic growth effect in the province Banten through economic sectors (Industry, Transport, Real Estate services, wholesale and retail trade, hotels and restaurants. Analysis result is development of Soekarno Hatta Airport (PBSH) directly affects the economic sectors (Manufacturing Industry (IP), Transport (ANG), the Government and Private Services (JS), Wholesale and Retail (DBE), Hotel (HTL), Restaurants (RST). Sector Economic Sector (IP, ANG, JS, DBE, HTL, RST) directly influence the Banten Economic Growth and The Airport Soekarno-Hatta International Environment device that is in the form of waste water treatment, waste incineration aviation industry, protective tree planting around the airport has done well, but the basic concept based on field studies for Environmental setting has not been done.
An empirical study on impact of infrastructural development on social and eco...Alexander Decker
The document presents an empirical study on the impact of infrastructural development on socio-economic growth in Indian states. It uses panel regression techniques to measure the impact of infrastructural investment on the mortality rate and per capita income across 16 major Indian states from 1987 to 2008. The study finds that infrastructural investment has a significant and desirable impact on social and economic indicators, though the impact varies across different states. Fixed effect panel regression models are used to account for differences in intercepts across states.
Information as element of enforcing the state`s information securityIgor Britchenko
This document discusses information policy as an element of enforcing a state's information security. It first introduces how information security plays an important role in ensuring a state's interests, and that creating a secure information environment is essential for a state's development. It then discusses how information security is an integral part of national security and an important area to ensure. Finally, it examines some of the methods and approaches used for information security, including classification levels and analysis techniques, and how information policy can be implemented through public authorities and civil society institutions.
Construction project and change order management contemporary affirmIAEME Publication
This document provides a summary of the literature on construction project and change order management. It begins with an introduction to construction project management and the unique characteristics of construction projects. It then discusses contemporary research on change request and order management. Construction projects experience many changes for various reasons, so effective change management is important to control costs and schedules. The literature review identifies common causes of changes such as design errors, owner requests, and market conditions. It also examines the impacts of changes, including increased expenses and delays. Future research directions are needed to better understand change formation and dynamic configuration management in complex construction projects.
Contemporary Trends for the Development of the Production ZonesIJERA Editor
The basic concept for the construction of such zones is to create conditions for concentration the existing
procedures in one place and contribute to discovering, developing and creating the new ones. Contributions are
very heterogeneous, starting from planning and development of common infrastructure to creation of the new
jobs. Except this, industrial zones promote modern entrepreneurship, which is based in a modern structure and
has the opportunity for permanent development and introduction of advanced technologies. The trend of
increasing number of international companies working on Macedonian market, as well as the positive
development of Macedonian businesses companies, will contribute to increase investments in industrial
property.
Review on the Passenger Throughput Forecast of Airportijtsrd
In recent years, China’s economy has developed rapidly and the people’s living standards have continued to improve. A high end means of transportation, airplanes, is favored and accepted by more and more people with its advantages of comfort, speed, and safety. Accompanying it is the increase in pressure on passenger transportation in the aviation industry. The development of Chinas civil aviation industry is relatively late and relatively immature. It has only ushered in a development frenzy after the reform and opening up. Therefore, the method of predicting airport passenger throughput is also imperfect. The outdated forecasting method cannot predict the situation of the airport well, so it is very important to seek a more scientific, more complete and systematic forecasting method of airport passenger throughput. This article has conducted a certain review and research on the prediction methods of airport passenger throughput, and hopes to have further research in this aspect. Feng Li | Yi Wang | Ran Chen "Review on the Passenger Throughput Forecast of Airport" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd37911.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/research-method/37911/review-on-the-passenger-throughput-forecast-of-airport/feng-li
Growth linkage between oil and gas and construction industry of malaysia (199...Alexander Decker
This study examines the causal linkage between the oil and gas (O&G) sector and construction industry in Malaysia from 1991-2010. It finds that the average output and growth of the O&G sector exceeded the construction industry over this period. Using Granger causality tests and unit root tests on annual time series data, the study determines there is no causal relationship between the sectors - i.e. growth in O&G does not lead to growth in construction or vice versa. The sectors are found to be independent over the study period.
This report put together by the Northwest Economic Research Center based at Portland State University explores the deconstruction market as a City Ordinance on Deconstruction went in place.
IRJET- Evaluation of Social Cost Benefit of Samruddhi MahamargIRJET Journal
1) The document evaluates the social cost-benefit analysis of the Samruddhi Mahamarg, an upcoming eight lane expressway in Maharashtra state that is 706 km long and connects 10 districts.
2) It provides background on the importance of infrastructure and transport for economic development. Rapid urbanization is increasing pressure on infrastructure in India.
3) A literature review covers studies showing how cost-benefit analysis can achieve more equitable distribution when accompanied by social evaluation, and how such analyses have been used to evaluate the economic viability of expressway projects in other countries.
An empirical study on impact of infrastructural development on social and eco...Alexander Decker
The document presents an empirical study on the impact of infrastructural development on socio-economic growth in Indian states. It uses panel regression techniques to measure the impact of infrastructural investment on the mortality rate and per capita income across 16 major Indian states from 1987 to 2008. The study finds that infrastructural investment has a significant and desirable impact on social and economic indicators, though the impact varies across different states. Fixed effect panel regression models are used to account for differences in intercepts across states.
Information as element of enforcing the state`s information securityIgor Britchenko
This document discusses information policy as an element of enforcing a state's information security. It first introduces how information security plays an important role in ensuring a state's interests, and that creating a secure information environment is essential for a state's development. It then discusses how information security is an integral part of national security and an important area to ensure. Finally, it examines some of the methods and approaches used for information security, including classification levels and analysis techniques, and how information policy can be implemented through public authorities and civil society institutions.
Construction project and change order management contemporary affirmIAEME Publication
This document provides a summary of the literature on construction project and change order management. It begins with an introduction to construction project management and the unique characteristics of construction projects. It then discusses contemporary research on change request and order management. Construction projects experience many changes for various reasons, so effective change management is important to control costs and schedules. The literature review identifies common causes of changes such as design errors, owner requests, and market conditions. It also examines the impacts of changes, including increased expenses and delays. Future research directions are needed to better understand change formation and dynamic configuration management in complex construction projects.
Contemporary Trends for the Development of the Production ZonesIJERA Editor
The basic concept for the construction of such zones is to create conditions for concentration the existing
procedures in one place and contribute to discovering, developing and creating the new ones. Contributions are
very heterogeneous, starting from planning and development of common infrastructure to creation of the new
jobs. Except this, industrial zones promote modern entrepreneurship, which is based in a modern structure and
has the opportunity for permanent development and introduction of advanced technologies. The trend of
increasing number of international companies working on Macedonian market, as well as the positive
development of Macedonian businesses companies, will contribute to increase investments in industrial
property.
Review on the Passenger Throughput Forecast of Airportijtsrd
In recent years, China’s economy has developed rapidly and the people’s living standards have continued to improve. A high end means of transportation, airplanes, is favored and accepted by more and more people with its advantages of comfort, speed, and safety. Accompanying it is the increase in pressure on passenger transportation in the aviation industry. The development of Chinas civil aviation industry is relatively late and relatively immature. It has only ushered in a development frenzy after the reform and opening up. Therefore, the method of predicting airport passenger throughput is also imperfect. The outdated forecasting method cannot predict the situation of the airport well, so it is very important to seek a more scientific, more complete and systematic forecasting method of airport passenger throughput. This article has conducted a certain review and research on the prediction methods of airport passenger throughput, and hopes to have further research in this aspect. Feng Li | Yi Wang | Ran Chen "Review on the Passenger Throughput Forecast of Airport" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd37911.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/research-method/37911/review-on-the-passenger-throughput-forecast-of-airport/feng-li
Growth linkage between oil and gas and construction industry of malaysia (199...Alexander Decker
This study examines the causal linkage between the oil and gas (O&G) sector and construction industry in Malaysia from 1991-2010. It finds that the average output and growth of the O&G sector exceeded the construction industry over this period. Using Granger causality tests and unit root tests on annual time series data, the study determines there is no causal relationship between the sectors - i.e. growth in O&G does not lead to growth in construction or vice versa. The sectors are found to be independent over the study period.
This report put together by the Northwest Economic Research Center based at Portland State University explores the deconstruction market as a City Ordinance on Deconstruction went in place.
IRJET- Evaluation of Social Cost Benefit of Samruddhi MahamargIRJET Journal
1) The document evaluates the social cost-benefit analysis of the Samruddhi Mahamarg, an upcoming eight lane expressway in Maharashtra state that is 706 km long and connects 10 districts.
2) It provides background on the importance of infrastructure and transport for economic development. Rapid urbanization is increasing pressure on infrastructure in India.
3) A literature review covers studies showing how cost-benefit analysis can achieve more equitable distribution when accompanied by social evaluation, and how such analyses have been used to evaluate the economic viability of expressway projects in other countries.
IRJET- Re-Structuring of Regional Planning Strategies for the Development...IRJET Journal
1. The document discusses restructuring regional planning strategies to develop Khargone District in Madhya Pradesh, India.
2. It analyzes the role of transportation and industrial development on socioeconomic development in the region. Spatial and quantitative data were analyzed using CAD and Excel software.
3. The study found that improvements to transportation and industry have a positive relationship with regional development. The goal is to discuss how transportation and industrialization investments can promote development in backward regions.
This paper analyzes the impact of high-end and low-end productive service agglomeration on
China's urban total factor productivity using panel data from 261 cities in China from 2003 to 2017, and divides
the country into three parts:
Environment Protection and Regulations in Industrial Cluster (IC) Development...AI Publications
Production and business establishments in industrial clusters (CCNs) have opportunities and conditions to increase productivity and reduce costs through taking advantage of geographical proximity. At present, some CCNs and the majority of CCNs are established and developed on the basis of value chain of production and product supply. Therefore, CCN has promoted cooperation, association and increased competitiveness of production and business establishments in the cluster. According to Michael Porter, CCNs have the potential to affect competition in three ways: i) By increasing the efficiency of firms in the Cluster; ii) By regulating innovation in the region; iii) By encouraging businesses in the area. Therefore, CCN is the nucleus that promotes regional and local socio-economic development
THE INFLUENCE OF LAND USE AND TRAFFIC FLOW TO THE PERFORMANCE OF THE ROAD C...IAEME Publication
This paper presents the results of a study of roads performance which is influenced by existing traffic flow and land use along the roads corridors. A model approachto know the influence of traffic flow and land use on the performance of thecorridors ofManado-Bitungin Indonesia,is using Structural EquationModeling (SEM). The results of the study showed that the performance of the corridor of the road Manado-BitungModel with the approach of SEMis the model fit based on the criteria of Goodness of Fit (GoF). Aspect of traffic flow and land use provide the greatest impact on the performance of the corridor roads of Manado-Bitungwith value of 0.591 and 0.400 respectively. Meanwhile, the transportation systemand transportation users did not give any direct impact to the performance of the corridor.On the other hand, transportation system gave the direct impact to transportation users (0.657), the land use give direct impact to the traffic flow (0.644)and the transportation users in fact gave direct impact to the traffic flow (0.181).
Urban Carrying Capacity Assessment for metropolitan area: Case study of Patna...IRJET Journal
This document assesses the urban carrying capacity of Patna City, Bihar, India using the SAFE (Sustainable Accommodation through Feedback Evaluation) model. The key points are:
1. The SAFE model was used to estimate Patna's developable and non-developable areas, required infrastructure areas, available residential areas, and current population density.
2. The analysis found Patna is exceeding its carrying capacity, with more residential area (61% of total) and insufficient recreational space (2% of total).
3. Calculating based on area proportions, floor area ratios, and population density, Patna's carrying capacity was estimated at 2.27 million people, lower
how tourism contributes to the development of developing countries Miraziz Bazarov
This document discusses how tourism can contribute to economic development in developing countries. It notes that tourism can provide both economic benefits like jobs and income, as well as challenges related to infrastructure and corruption. While tourism brings in foreign exchange, it also creates issues of dependency on the industry and "leakage" of money spent outside the local economy. Overall, tourism has significant potential to boost economies, but developing countries need to address factors like corruption, crime, and sustainability to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks of heavy reliance on the tourism sector.
Environmental Adaption and Mitigation Strategies for Upgrading Industrial slu...IRJET Journal
This document discusses environmental adaptation and mitigation strategies for upgrading industrial slum areas, using the Shubra district of Cairo, Egypt as a case study. It begins by outlining the urban and environmental problems prevalent in slums, including lack of infrastructure, high population density, and pollution from nearby industrial activities. The study area of Shubra contains many slums and is a major industrial zone, home to oil refineries and other factories. GIS analysis is used to map and classify industries in the area according to their environmental impacts. The goal is to identify adaptation and mitigation mechanisms to reduce health effects on residents from industrial pollution and improve the environment.
IRJET- Analytical Evaluation of Vehicular Air Pollutants at Urban Arterial Ro...IRJET Journal
This study analytically evaluates vehicular air pollution at urban arterial roads in Rajkot City, India. Traffic and air pollution data were collected over 24 hours at two intersections. Models were developed to predict levels of CO and CO2 based on vehicle composition. The models were validated using statistical tests and found to be acceptable. While concentrations of pollutants like SO2, NOx, PM2.5 and PM10 exceeded national standards, the study was limited in scope. Future work could expand the analysis to other pollutants at additional locations and develop models using other software.
Running head ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE AVIATION INDUSTRY .docxtodd271
Running head: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE AVIATION INDUSTRY 1
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE AVIATION INDUSTRY 38
Towards an Environmentally Sustainable Aviation:
Managing the Environmental Impact of the Aviation Industry
Abstract
Environmental degradation caused by mankind are beginning to take a huge toll on the planet. The constant need for expansion in the aviation industry is depleting Earth’s natural resources and will be insufficient to satisfy mankind’s never-ending needs as time passes. Man’s needs have resulted in many detrimental impacts to the environment. Despite the aviation industry’s efforts in creating an environmentally friendly industry, it is still a major contributor to Earth’s carbon emissions. In 2017 alone, the aviation industry as a whole, has generated an estimated 859 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) (IATA, 2018). Increased Greenhouse Gases (GHG) and climate change have prompted a need for action from relevant authorities and organizations to come up with sustainable solutions to solve this ecological problem. This paper aims to examine areas of pollution within the aviation industry as well as come up with solutions to reduce the environmental impacts using sustainable methods. Sustainable methods include adopting newer clean-and-green technologies, better management, enhanced safety and improved legislation. Technological advancements play a very important role in creating a sustainable aviation. Hence this paper aims to explore new clean-and-green technologies such as alternative and sustainable fuels, biomimetic engineering and generative design technology can help to mitigate or possibly even eliminate, the industry’s negative impact on the environment. Furthermore, this paper will discuss about the legislative powers of regulatory bodies on order to determine commercial airlines liabilities when conforming to regulation being imposed by organizations such as ICAO and FAA. Also, this study will investigate on the potentials of alternative technologies such as machine learning and the obsolescence of manned flight.
Keywords: Sustainable, aviation, environmental impact, pollution
Towards an Environmentally Sustainable Aviation:
Managing the Environmental Impact of the Aviation Industry
The aviation industry has come a long way since the Wright brother’s first manned flight in 1903. Today, at peak traffic, there is more than 16,000 flights in the air at any given moment (Morris, 2017). According to the World Bank (2018), in 2010, the aviation industry has transported an estimation of 2.6 billion passengers. In 2017, the number of passengers has risen to over 3.9 billion. This number is projected to rise to 16 billion passengers by 2050 (World Wild Life, 2016). Hence, without action, emissions from increased air travel will triple by 2050 (Word Wild Life, 2016). Thus, to protect Earth for future generations to come, world leaders, organizations.
2. case study 2 land transportation effects on manufacture and regional eco...Farel Adhitabima
This study examined the effects of land transportation and manufacturing industry on the economic improvement of Sumatra, Indonesia from 2006-2015. Regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between these variables. The results showed that land transportation and manufacturing industry had a positive and significant combined effect on economic improvement. Specifically, land transportation was found to have a positive and significant partial effect, while the manufacturing industry did not have a significant partial effect. The study utilized secondary data from the central statistics agency of Labuhan Batu Regency to analyze these relationships and their implications for the regional economy of Sumatra, Indonesia.
Marine fisheries sector in promoting industrial growthAlexander Decker
This document discusses the role of the marine fisheries sector in promoting industrial growth and labor absorption in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. It begins by providing background on regional autonomy and how this has shifted authority over coastal areas and marine resource management from the central government to local governments. It then analyzes Gorontalo Province's 2000 input-output table to examine the linkages between economic sectors and the contribution of the marine fisheries sector. The analysis finds that the output multiplier for the marine fisheries sector is 155.380, meaning a 1 million rupiah increase in final demand for the sector would lead to a 155.380 million rupiah increase in total regional production. The sector also has a labor coefficient of 0.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Risk-Sensitive Mitigation Planning in Seismically Vulnerable Urban Areas civej
Over the past decade, several number of commercial and non-commercial catastrophe risk models have been developed to assess the financial losses caused by natural catastrophes including earthquakes. The output of such models are in different sectors such as disaster risks management, financial institutions and also research centers. Generally, due to great amount of inherent uncertainty in these models the direct
deployment of the results by the user is a tough process. As an example, in disaster risk reduction sector a common missing link in this context is a decision-support medium that interprets the risk analysis outputs to the non-technical stakeholders. To overcome this problem, user-friendly analytical tools can be
employed to translate the disaster risk analysis results into an understandable language for the potential stakeholder user. Presenting two models, attempts to address two different examples of such decisionsupport tools. The first model, UERI, is structured to incorporate several urban risk components (hazard, physical vulnerability, disaster management facilities and human exposure) based on a number earthquake
risk indicators. The second tooles the use of a mixed integer quadratic programming (MIQP) model to finds an opt spatil land-use allocation patter a given urban environment area.
Both models are capable of assisting decision-makers in using the output results of existing damage and loss estimation methodologies and also facilitating the process of risk reduction planning by providing basic solutions for stakeholders. The proposed models have been applied to a vulnerable urban area in Tehran, Iran and their performances have been examined.
RISK-SENSITIVE MITIGATION PLANNING IN SEISMICALLY VULNERABLE URBAN AREAScivej
Over the past decade, several number of commercial and non-commercial catastrophe risk models havebeen developed to assess the financial losses caused by natural catastrophes including earthquakes. Theoutput of such models are in different sectors such as disaster risks management, financial institutions and
also research centers. Generally, due to great amount of inherent uncertainty in these models the direct
deployment of the results by the user is a tough process. As an example, in disaster risk reduction sector a
common missing link in this context is a decision-support medium that interprets the risk analysis outputs
to the non-technical stakeholders. To overcome this problem, user-friendly analytical tools can be
employed to translate the disaster risk analysis results into an understandable language for the potential
stakeholder user. Presenting two models, attempts to address two different examples of such decisionsupport
tools. The first model, UERI, is structured to incorporate several urban risk components (hazard,physical vulnerability, disaster management facilities and human exposure) based on a number earthquake
risk indicators. The second tooles the use of a mixed integer quadratic programming (MIQP) model to
finds an opt spatil land-use allocation patter a given urban environment area.
Both models are capable of assisting decision-makers in using the output results of existing damage and
loss estimation methodologies and also facilitating the process of risk reduction planning by providing
basic solutions for stakeholders. The proposed models have been applied to a vulnerable urban area in
Tehran, Iran and their performances have been examined.
IRJET - Influence of Vehicular Traffic on Urban Air Quality- Coimbatore CityIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the impact of vehicular traffic on air quality in Coimbatore City, India. Air quality data was collected from five major intersections on Avinashi Road over five months. Traffic studies found high traffic volumes. Emission modeling using CALINE4 predicted pollutant concentrations. Results showed suspended particulate matter and nitrogen oxide levels exceeded national standards at some locations, indicating traffic adversely affects local air quality. Traffic management strategies are needed to reduce vehicular emissions and improve air quality in the city.
(ReflectionHighlights the need for further research, based onVannaJoy20
(
Reflection
Highlights the need for further research, based on the economic impacts of renewable energy developments on the Welsh tourism industry
(particularly industry based research)
This
Report
contributes to raising awareness regarding
the economic impacts that onshore wind energy has on the tourism sector in Wales
.
Further research into economically focused case studies is on going
Further Development of Supporting Theory is ongoing
Porter’s Diamond was taken out of V2 due to a difficulty in linking to the other models and relevance to the objectives.
) (
Contribution
Will show a clear understanding of the size, growth, trends and success factors of the tourism industry in the 7 Strategic Search Areas
by using market analysis to determine
the size and future trends of the sector, using desk research from industry and government data and also using survey to capture survey from local stakeholders
.
To determine the economic impact of proposed developments on the tourism industry; by using number of analytical tools to look at the benefits and
dis
-benefits
, such as a PEST analysis focusing on economic trends to measure potential economic impacts. Also using a Cost Benefit Analysis to see whether the potential benefits outweigh the potential
dis
benefits (particularly at an economic level)
T
o determine how Wind Farm developments could enable tourist activity in Wales
, by using an input-output analysis to measure the relationship between wind farm development and the tourism industry and also by looking at the economic effects of this relationship in terms of multipliers.
Shall provide complimentary support to the achievement of the key project aims, including; potential for positive economic impact in the Welsh tourism sector
) (
Supporting Theory
Objective Based:
Stakeholder Mapping
Mendelow
(1991)
–
to identify key stakeholders and to identify interests of stakeholders in relation to economic impacts of tourism in Wales.
Also identifies possible conflict of interests and can be used to look deeply at the relationships between these stakeholders.
Market Analysis
Kress et al (1994)
–
mainly used to assess the size, growth and future trends of the tourism sector. Size will focus on volumes (turnover, visitors, GVA). Trends focuses on potential changes in sector (opportunities + threats
)(
could change market size). Also uses desk research for industry figures (Govt, trade etc) as well as attitude surveys.
PEST Analysis
Used
to look at the political, economic, socio cultural, technological changes in the business environment
.
Helps to identify potential opportunities and threats (particular focus on economical side).
Cost Benefit Analysis
Depuit
(1844)
– used to measure the positive and negative consequences of a project
over a period of time
, while including s
ocial and environmental impacts.
Used to see if it is economically beneficial to the regions in terms of tourist activity.
Can be a quantifiab ...
An analysis on the infrastructure competitiveness index as a determinant of i...Fajar Utomo
Fundamentally, this article intends to give explanation on the driven factors that trigger investment related to the infrastructure which support the economic growth of Indonesia. Furthermore, this article also attempts at being a reference for future researchers to conduct studies on the improvement of infrastructure competitiveness index which is used as the reference in determining the development of a nation along with the global competitiveness yearbook which places the infrastructure sector as the factor that influences Indonesia’s global competitiveness.
AN ANALYSIS ON THE INFRASTRUCTURE COMPETITIVENESS INDEX AS A DETERMINANT OF...Fajar Cahyo Utomo
Fundamentally, this article intends to give explanation on the driven factors that trigger
investment related to the infrastructure which support the economic growth of Indonesia.
Furthermore, this article also attempts at being a reference for future researchers to conduct studies on the improvement of infrastructure competitiveness index which is used as the reference in determining the development of a nation along with the global competitiveness yearbook which places the infrastructure sector as the factor that influences Indonesia’s global competitiveness. The availability of high-qualified infrastructure is one of several factors that determines the attractiveness of a district/regency besides the quality of the nature, image and the society (culture). Meanwhile, the performance of the infrastructure is also the key factor that determines the global competitiveness as well as the macro-economy performance, government efficiency, and business efficiency. The availability of high-qualified infrastructure is the basic factor that drives and supports the sustainable economic growth. The infrastructure has been regarded as an important element that determines the global competitiveness of a nation. In this study, the researcher employed a combination of qualitative and quantitative research approaches as the method in conducting this study. The result of the analysis is presented in the form of infrastructure competitiveness index which is completed with the indicators of infrastructure management performance that reflects the
level of infrastructure competitiveness in Indonesia.
One purpose of this study is to present lessons and experiences from other countries in developing clusters and industrial zones (IZ).
According to OECD, they stresses that “cluster polices exist at the border of industrial policies, regional development policies and science & technology policies, and their ultimate goal is to strengthen industrial competitiveness through enhanced interconnection between the industry and the research sector.”
By using qualitative analysis, our study findings show that for example, in case of Thailand, they have many industrial clusters in which they can transfer technology and training programs enhanced from workers across industrial parks. They also focus on sustainable development of industrial clusters. Different from traditional concept of industrial park, Thailand industrial clusters have areas for manufacturing, services, industries, resident, etc.
IRJET-About Urban Sprawl: A Case Study of Ahmedabad CityIRJET Journal
This document discusses urban sprawl in Ahmedabad City, India. It defines urban sprawl as excessive metropolitan decentralization or suburbanization that results in low density settlements and a decentralized pattern of growth. The document examines urban sprawl in Chandkheda and Kathwada neighborhoods on the edge of Ahmedabad City. Both areas are experiencing population growth and loss of agricultural land to housing and industry. This uncontrolled growth leads to issues like increased traffic, air and water pollution, and stress on resources. Solutions discussed include smart growth practices like mixed use development and improved transit to reduce sprawl's negative environmental impacts.
Gainful Human Empowerment Reform in Managerial EngineeringIJASRD Journal
This paper describes the corporate-wide approach to gainful human empowerment reform at engineering. Gainful policy is a part of gainful human empowerment reform. The gainful human empowerment reform is a culture-specific human empowerment reform style that is prevalent in managerial engineering. Gainful human empowerment reform, referring to the internal systematic approach of the organization’s human empowerment reform to strive for daintiness performance excellence, and gainful policy referring to all those measures through which one creates and strengthens confidence and trust in outsiders, especially customers, towards the organization’s abilities and products. The daintiness managers are those who inspire followers to transcend their own self-interests, and who are capable of having a profound and extraordinary effect on their followers. The paper reviews the daintiness strategy implementation, strategic control, daintiness metrics, and daintiness channels.
A Study on Quality of Life and Social Support Breast Cancer Women in Greater ...IJASRD Journal
This document summarizes a research paper about gainful human empowerment reform in managerial engineering. It discusses gainful policy and human empowerment reform, focusing on creating trust and confidence. It also reviews strategic control, metrics, and communication channels used in gainful human empowerment reform. The paper examines how reducing information asymmetry and improving board development can increase strategic involvement. It concludes that investing in director development affects gainful human empowerment reform strategy.
More Related Content
Similar to Analysis of effect of the presence of soekarno hatta airport province of environmental and economic banten
IRJET- Re-Structuring of Regional Planning Strategies for the Development...IRJET Journal
1. The document discusses restructuring regional planning strategies to develop Khargone District in Madhya Pradesh, India.
2. It analyzes the role of transportation and industrial development on socioeconomic development in the region. Spatial and quantitative data were analyzed using CAD and Excel software.
3. The study found that improvements to transportation and industry have a positive relationship with regional development. The goal is to discuss how transportation and industrialization investments can promote development in backward regions.
This paper analyzes the impact of high-end and low-end productive service agglomeration on
China's urban total factor productivity using panel data from 261 cities in China from 2003 to 2017, and divides
the country into three parts:
Environment Protection and Regulations in Industrial Cluster (IC) Development...AI Publications
Production and business establishments in industrial clusters (CCNs) have opportunities and conditions to increase productivity and reduce costs through taking advantage of geographical proximity. At present, some CCNs and the majority of CCNs are established and developed on the basis of value chain of production and product supply. Therefore, CCN has promoted cooperation, association and increased competitiveness of production and business establishments in the cluster. According to Michael Porter, CCNs have the potential to affect competition in three ways: i) By increasing the efficiency of firms in the Cluster; ii) By regulating innovation in the region; iii) By encouraging businesses in the area. Therefore, CCN is the nucleus that promotes regional and local socio-economic development
THE INFLUENCE OF LAND USE AND TRAFFIC FLOW TO THE PERFORMANCE OF THE ROAD C...IAEME Publication
This paper presents the results of a study of roads performance which is influenced by existing traffic flow and land use along the roads corridors. A model approachto know the influence of traffic flow and land use on the performance of thecorridors ofManado-Bitungin Indonesia,is using Structural EquationModeling (SEM). The results of the study showed that the performance of the corridor of the road Manado-BitungModel with the approach of SEMis the model fit based on the criteria of Goodness of Fit (GoF). Aspect of traffic flow and land use provide the greatest impact on the performance of the corridor roads of Manado-Bitungwith value of 0.591 and 0.400 respectively. Meanwhile, the transportation systemand transportation users did not give any direct impact to the performance of the corridor.On the other hand, transportation system gave the direct impact to transportation users (0.657), the land use give direct impact to the traffic flow (0.644)and the transportation users in fact gave direct impact to the traffic flow (0.181).
Urban Carrying Capacity Assessment for metropolitan area: Case study of Patna...IRJET Journal
This document assesses the urban carrying capacity of Patna City, Bihar, India using the SAFE (Sustainable Accommodation through Feedback Evaluation) model. The key points are:
1. The SAFE model was used to estimate Patna's developable and non-developable areas, required infrastructure areas, available residential areas, and current population density.
2. The analysis found Patna is exceeding its carrying capacity, with more residential area (61% of total) and insufficient recreational space (2% of total).
3. Calculating based on area proportions, floor area ratios, and population density, Patna's carrying capacity was estimated at 2.27 million people, lower
how tourism contributes to the development of developing countries Miraziz Bazarov
This document discusses how tourism can contribute to economic development in developing countries. It notes that tourism can provide both economic benefits like jobs and income, as well as challenges related to infrastructure and corruption. While tourism brings in foreign exchange, it also creates issues of dependency on the industry and "leakage" of money spent outside the local economy. Overall, tourism has significant potential to boost economies, but developing countries need to address factors like corruption, crime, and sustainability to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks of heavy reliance on the tourism sector.
Environmental Adaption and Mitigation Strategies for Upgrading Industrial slu...IRJET Journal
This document discusses environmental adaptation and mitigation strategies for upgrading industrial slum areas, using the Shubra district of Cairo, Egypt as a case study. It begins by outlining the urban and environmental problems prevalent in slums, including lack of infrastructure, high population density, and pollution from nearby industrial activities. The study area of Shubra contains many slums and is a major industrial zone, home to oil refineries and other factories. GIS analysis is used to map and classify industries in the area according to their environmental impacts. The goal is to identify adaptation and mitigation mechanisms to reduce health effects on residents from industrial pollution and improve the environment.
IRJET- Analytical Evaluation of Vehicular Air Pollutants at Urban Arterial Ro...IRJET Journal
This study analytically evaluates vehicular air pollution at urban arterial roads in Rajkot City, India. Traffic and air pollution data were collected over 24 hours at two intersections. Models were developed to predict levels of CO and CO2 based on vehicle composition. The models were validated using statistical tests and found to be acceptable. While concentrations of pollutants like SO2, NOx, PM2.5 and PM10 exceeded national standards, the study was limited in scope. Future work could expand the analysis to other pollutants at additional locations and develop models using other software.
Running head ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE AVIATION INDUSTRY .docxtodd271
Running head: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE AVIATION INDUSTRY 1
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE AVIATION INDUSTRY 38
Towards an Environmentally Sustainable Aviation:
Managing the Environmental Impact of the Aviation Industry
Abstract
Environmental degradation caused by mankind are beginning to take a huge toll on the planet. The constant need for expansion in the aviation industry is depleting Earth’s natural resources and will be insufficient to satisfy mankind’s never-ending needs as time passes. Man’s needs have resulted in many detrimental impacts to the environment. Despite the aviation industry’s efforts in creating an environmentally friendly industry, it is still a major contributor to Earth’s carbon emissions. In 2017 alone, the aviation industry as a whole, has generated an estimated 859 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) (IATA, 2018). Increased Greenhouse Gases (GHG) and climate change have prompted a need for action from relevant authorities and organizations to come up with sustainable solutions to solve this ecological problem. This paper aims to examine areas of pollution within the aviation industry as well as come up with solutions to reduce the environmental impacts using sustainable methods. Sustainable methods include adopting newer clean-and-green technologies, better management, enhanced safety and improved legislation. Technological advancements play a very important role in creating a sustainable aviation. Hence this paper aims to explore new clean-and-green technologies such as alternative and sustainable fuels, biomimetic engineering and generative design technology can help to mitigate or possibly even eliminate, the industry’s negative impact on the environment. Furthermore, this paper will discuss about the legislative powers of regulatory bodies on order to determine commercial airlines liabilities when conforming to regulation being imposed by organizations such as ICAO and FAA. Also, this study will investigate on the potentials of alternative technologies such as machine learning and the obsolescence of manned flight.
Keywords: Sustainable, aviation, environmental impact, pollution
Towards an Environmentally Sustainable Aviation:
Managing the Environmental Impact of the Aviation Industry
The aviation industry has come a long way since the Wright brother’s first manned flight in 1903. Today, at peak traffic, there is more than 16,000 flights in the air at any given moment (Morris, 2017). According to the World Bank (2018), in 2010, the aviation industry has transported an estimation of 2.6 billion passengers. In 2017, the number of passengers has risen to over 3.9 billion. This number is projected to rise to 16 billion passengers by 2050 (World Wild Life, 2016). Hence, without action, emissions from increased air travel will triple by 2050 (Word Wild Life, 2016). Thus, to protect Earth for future generations to come, world leaders, organizations.
2. case study 2 land transportation effects on manufacture and regional eco...Farel Adhitabima
This study examined the effects of land transportation and manufacturing industry on the economic improvement of Sumatra, Indonesia from 2006-2015. Regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between these variables. The results showed that land transportation and manufacturing industry had a positive and significant combined effect on economic improvement. Specifically, land transportation was found to have a positive and significant partial effect, while the manufacturing industry did not have a significant partial effect. The study utilized secondary data from the central statistics agency of Labuhan Batu Regency to analyze these relationships and their implications for the regional economy of Sumatra, Indonesia.
Marine fisheries sector in promoting industrial growthAlexander Decker
This document discusses the role of the marine fisheries sector in promoting industrial growth and labor absorption in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. It begins by providing background on regional autonomy and how this has shifted authority over coastal areas and marine resource management from the central government to local governments. It then analyzes Gorontalo Province's 2000 input-output table to examine the linkages between economic sectors and the contribution of the marine fisheries sector. The analysis finds that the output multiplier for the marine fisheries sector is 155.380, meaning a 1 million rupiah increase in final demand for the sector would lead to a 155.380 million rupiah increase in total regional production. The sector also has a labor coefficient of 0.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Risk-Sensitive Mitigation Planning in Seismically Vulnerable Urban Areas civej
Over the past decade, several number of commercial and non-commercial catastrophe risk models have been developed to assess the financial losses caused by natural catastrophes including earthquakes. The output of such models are in different sectors such as disaster risks management, financial institutions and also research centers. Generally, due to great amount of inherent uncertainty in these models the direct
deployment of the results by the user is a tough process. As an example, in disaster risk reduction sector a common missing link in this context is a decision-support medium that interprets the risk analysis outputs to the non-technical stakeholders. To overcome this problem, user-friendly analytical tools can be
employed to translate the disaster risk analysis results into an understandable language for the potential stakeholder user. Presenting two models, attempts to address two different examples of such decisionsupport tools. The first model, UERI, is structured to incorporate several urban risk components (hazard, physical vulnerability, disaster management facilities and human exposure) based on a number earthquake
risk indicators. The second tooles the use of a mixed integer quadratic programming (MIQP) model to finds an opt spatil land-use allocation patter a given urban environment area.
Both models are capable of assisting decision-makers in using the output results of existing damage and loss estimation methodologies and also facilitating the process of risk reduction planning by providing basic solutions for stakeholders. The proposed models have been applied to a vulnerable urban area in Tehran, Iran and their performances have been examined.
RISK-SENSITIVE MITIGATION PLANNING IN SEISMICALLY VULNERABLE URBAN AREAScivej
Over the past decade, several number of commercial and non-commercial catastrophe risk models havebeen developed to assess the financial losses caused by natural catastrophes including earthquakes. Theoutput of such models are in different sectors such as disaster risks management, financial institutions and
also research centers. Generally, due to great amount of inherent uncertainty in these models the direct
deployment of the results by the user is a tough process. As an example, in disaster risk reduction sector a
common missing link in this context is a decision-support medium that interprets the risk analysis outputs
to the non-technical stakeholders. To overcome this problem, user-friendly analytical tools can be
employed to translate the disaster risk analysis results into an understandable language for the potential
stakeholder user. Presenting two models, attempts to address two different examples of such decisionsupport
tools. The first model, UERI, is structured to incorporate several urban risk components (hazard,physical vulnerability, disaster management facilities and human exposure) based on a number earthquake
risk indicators. The second tooles the use of a mixed integer quadratic programming (MIQP) model to
finds an opt spatil land-use allocation patter a given urban environment area.
Both models are capable of assisting decision-makers in using the output results of existing damage and
loss estimation methodologies and also facilitating the process of risk reduction planning by providing
basic solutions for stakeholders. The proposed models have been applied to a vulnerable urban area in
Tehran, Iran and their performances have been examined.
IRJET - Influence of Vehicular Traffic on Urban Air Quality- Coimbatore CityIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the impact of vehicular traffic on air quality in Coimbatore City, India. Air quality data was collected from five major intersections on Avinashi Road over five months. Traffic studies found high traffic volumes. Emission modeling using CALINE4 predicted pollutant concentrations. Results showed suspended particulate matter and nitrogen oxide levels exceeded national standards at some locations, indicating traffic adversely affects local air quality. Traffic management strategies are needed to reduce vehicular emissions and improve air quality in the city.
(ReflectionHighlights the need for further research, based onVannaJoy20
(
Reflection
Highlights the need for further research, based on the economic impacts of renewable energy developments on the Welsh tourism industry
(particularly industry based research)
This
Report
contributes to raising awareness regarding
the economic impacts that onshore wind energy has on the tourism sector in Wales
.
Further research into economically focused case studies is on going
Further Development of Supporting Theory is ongoing
Porter’s Diamond was taken out of V2 due to a difficulty in linking to the other models and relevance to the objectives.
) (
Contribution
Will show a clear understanding of the size, growth, trends and success factors of the tourism industry in the 7 Strategic Search Areas
by using market analysis to determine
the size and future trends of the sector, using desk research from industry and government data and also using survey to capture survey from local stakeholders
.
To determine the economic impact of proposed developments on the tourism industry; by using number of analytical tools to look at the benefits and
dis
-benefits
, such as a PEST analysis focusing on economic trends to measure potential economic impacts. Also using a Cost Benefit Analysis to see whether the potential benefits outweigh the potential
dis
benefits (particularly at an economic level)
T
o determine how Wind Farm developments could enable tourist activity in Wales
, by using an input-output analysis to measure the relationship between wind farm development and the tourism industry and also by looking at the economic effects of this relationship in terms of multipliers.
Shall provide complimentary support to the achievement of the key project aims, including; potential for positive economic impact in the Welsh tourism sector
) (
Supporting Theory
Objective Based:
Stakeholder Mapping
Mendelow
(1991)
–
to identify key stakeholders and to identify interests of stakeholders in relation to economic impacts of tourism in Wales.
Also identifies possible conflict of interests and can be used to look deeply at the relationships between these stakeholders.
Market Analysis
Kress et al (1994)
–
mainly used to assess the size, growth and future trends of the tourism sector. Size will focus on volumes (turnover, visitors, GVA). Trends focuses on potential changes in sector (opportunities + threats
)(
could change market size). Also uses desk research for industry figures (Govt, trade etc) as well as attitude surveys.
PEST Analysis
Used
to look at the political, economic, socio cultural, technological changes in the business environment
.
Helps to identify potential opportunities and threats (particular focus on economical side).
Cost Benefit Analysis
Depuit
(1844)
– used to measure the positive and negative consequences of a project
over a period of time
, while including s
ocial and environmental impacts.
Used to see if it is economically beneficial to the regions in terms of tourist activity.
Can be a quantifiab ...
An analysis on the infrastructure competitiveness index as a determinant of i...Fajar Utomo
Fundamentally, this article intends to give explanation on the driven factors that trigger investment related to the infrastructure which support the economic growth of Indonesia. Furthermore, this article also attempts at being a reference for future researchers to conduct studies on the improvement of infrastructure competitiveness index which is used as the reference in determining the development of a nation along with the global competitiveness yearbook which places the infrastructure sector as the factor that influences Indonesia’s global competitiveness.
AN ANALYSIS ON THE INFRASTRUCTURE COMPETITIVENESS INDEX AS A DETERMINANT OF...Fajar Cahyo Utomo
Fundamentally, this article intends to give explanation on the driven factors that trigger
investment related to the infrastructure which support the economic growth of Indonesia.
Furthermore, this article also attempts at being a reference for future researchers to conduct studies on the improvement of infrastructure competitiveness index which is used as the reference in determining the development of a nation along with the global competitiveness yearbook which places the infrastructure sector as the factor that influences Indonesia’s global competitiveness. The availability of high-qualified infrastructure is one of several factors that determines the attractiveness of a district/regency besides the quality of the nature, image and the society (culture). Meanwhile, the performance of the infrastructure is also the key factor that determines the global competitiveness as well as the macro-economy performance, government efficiency, and business efficiency. The availability of high-qualified infrastructure is the basic factor that drives and supports the sustainable economic growth. The infrastructure has been regarded as an important element that determines the global competitiveness of a nation. In this study, the researcher employed a combination of qualitative and quantitative research approaches as the method in conducting this study. The result of the analysis is presented in the form of infrastructure competitiveness index which is completed with the indicators of infrastructure management performance that reflects the
level of infrastructure competitiveness in Indonesia.
One purpose of this study is to present lessons and experiences from other countries in developing clusters and industrial zones (IZ).
According to OECD, they stresses that “cluster polices exist at the border of industrial policies, regional development policies and science & technology policies, and their ultimate goal is to strengthen industrial competitiveness through enhanced interconnection between the industry and the research sector.”
By using qualitative analysis, our study findings show that for example, in case of Thailand, they have many industrial clusters in which they can transfer technology and training programs enhanced from workers across industrial parks. They also focus on sustainable development of industrial clusters. Different from traditional concept of industrial park, Thailand industrial clusters have areas for manufacturing, services, industries, resident, etc.
IRJET-About Urban Sprawl: A Case Study of Ahmedabad CityIRJET Journal
This document discusses urban sprawl in Ahmedabad City, India. It defines urban sprawl as excessive metropolitan decentralization or suburbanization that results in low density settlements and a decentralized pattern of growth. The document examines urban sprawl in Chandkheda and Kathwada neighborhoods on the edge of Ahmedabad City. Both areas are experiencing population growth and loss of agricultural land to housing and industry. This uncontrolled growth leads to issues like increased traffic, air and water pollution, and stress on resources. Solutions discussed include smart growth practices like mixed use development and improved transit to reduce sprawl's negative environmental impacts.
Similar to Analysis of effect of the presence of soekarno hatta airport province of environmental and economic banten (20)
Gainful Human Empowerment Reform in Managerial EngineeringIJASRD Journal
This paper describes the corporate-wide approach to gainful human empowerment reform at engineering. Gainful policy is a part of gainful human empowerment reform. The gainful human empowerment reform is a culture-specific human empowerment reform style that is prevalent in managerial engineering. Gainful human empowerment reform, referring to the internal systematic approach of the organization’s human empowerment reform to strive for daintiness performance excellence, and gainful policy referring to all those measures through which one creates and strengthens confidence and trust in outsiders, especially customers, towards the organization’s abilities and products. The daintiness managers are those who inspire followers to transcend their own self-interests, and who are capable of having a profound and extraordinary effect on their followers. The paper reviews the daintiness strategy implementation, strategic control, daintiness metrics, and daintiness channels.
A Study on Quality of Life and Social Support Breast Cancer Women in Greater ...IJASRD Journal
This document summarizes a research paper about gainful human empowerment reform in managerial engineering. It discusses gainful policy and human empowerment reform, focusing on creating trust and confidence. It also reviews strategic control, metrics, and communication channels used in gainful human empowerment reform. The paper examines how reducing information asymmetry and improving board development can increase strategic involvement. It concludes that investing in director development affects gainful human empowerment reform strategy.
Road Accident Analysis and Prevention in Nigeria: Experimental and Numerical ...IJASRD Journal
This paper empirically analysed road accident and its prevention in Nigeria. Data for road traffic crashes trend was sourced from Federal Road Safety Corps in Nigeria from 1960 - 2017. The data was tested for stationarity using Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test, while the co-integration was conducted using Johansen’s methodology. Least Square estimate was employed for the empirical analysis. The results show that there is long run equilibrium relationship between total number of casualties, total number of fatal cases and total number of minor cases of accidents in Nigeria. The results show that there is positive and significant relationship between fatal cases, severe cases and total number of casualties, while minor cases have negative and significant relationship with total number of casualties. The study therefore recommends that government should invest massively in road transportation infrastructure in order to repair dilapidated roads, expand narrow roads and construct new ones. Government should legislate and enforce installation of speed limit devices for all vehicles operating on Nigerian roads to reduce reckless speeding on the highways which will definitely reduce total number of accidents and casualties on Nigerian roads.
Leadership by Humanistic Approach in Workplace ManagementIJASRD Journal
The form and structure of an organization's human resources system can affect employee motivation levels in several ways. Organizations can adopt various systems type leadership humanistic approach empowerment practices to enhance employee satisfaction. The systems type leadership revolution moves recording and analysis activities that were traditionally professional performance lines of activities focused to high operational content. The scientific and systems type leadership progress, growth and internationalization of markets, processors are processes in which the accounting profession plays a leading role of humanistic approach in workplace management. This paper considers the humanistic approach in workplace management. The strategic importance of workers is discussed and their interaction, as an asset, with other important organization assets. The basic methodologies for workers are then explained and their limitations are considered.
Time Evolution of Density Parameters for Matter and Dark Energy and their Int...IJASRD Journal
In the framework of Brans-Dicke (BD) theory, the first part of the present study determines the time dependence of BD parameter, energy density and Equation of State (EoS) parameter of the cosmic fluid in a universe expanding with acceleration, preceded by a phase of deceleration. For this purpose, a scale factor has been so chosen that the deceleration parameter, obtained from it, shows a signature flip with time. Considering the dark energy to be responsible for the entire pressure, the time evolution of energy parameters for matter and dark energy and the EoS parameter for dark energy have been determined. A model for an effective interaction term, between matter and dark energy, has been proposed and calculated. Its negative value at the present time indicates conversion of matter into dark energy. Using this term, the time dependence of the rates of change of matter and dark energy has been determined. It is found that the nature of dependence of the scalar field upon the scale factor plays a very important role in governing the time evolution of the cosmological quantities studied here. The present study provides us with a simple way to determine the time evolution of dark energy for a homogeneous and isotropic universe of zero spatial curvature, without involving any self-interaction potential or cosmological constant in the formulation.
An Experimental Investigation on Normal Concrete using Rice Husk Ash, Dolomit...IJASRD Journal
Generally concrete is good in compression and weak in tension. The fibre in concrete generally increases both the compression and tension in concrete cement is the most important constituent material, since it binds the aggregate and resists the atmosphere action. Since the production of Portland cement clinker is an energy intensive process a partial substitution of clinker by mineral like dolomite and abundantly available agriculture wastes like Rice husk ash obviously represents considerable energy servings and reduction of Co2 emission. In this project work banana fibre are added with 2% by volume of cement, dolomite powder and Rice husk ash is partially replaced by 5.0%, 7.5% and 10% by the volume of cement. The concrete was determined for mechanical properties like compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength they are also tested and studied.
A Novel Implementation for Radio Resource Allocation on Mobile Access Based o...IJASRD Journal
The proposed technology can reduce network costs by allowing optimized use of radio resources in mobile wireless networks. The system provides reliable and high-capacity channels, while the wireless part allows user mobility. Solving the problem involves an attempt to determine an optimal distribution of radio resources to the RAUs (radio allocation unit) and network cells can be split or merged dynamically to optimize this distribution as a function of the fluctuation of demands.
The Internet of Things (IoT) can be able to incorporate a large number of different end systems and it have the ability to transfer data over internet without human interaction. One of the main concerns with our environment has been solid waste management which in addition to disturbing the balance of the environment. it also has adverse effects on the health of the people in the society. The detection, monitoring and management of wastes is one of the primary problems. The traditional way of manually monitoring the wastes in garbage bins is the complex process and also it utilizes more human effort and time. This is an advanced method in waste management since it is automated. This IoT garbage monitoring system is a very innovative system which will help to prevent overflowing of wastes from the bin and keep cities clean. This system monitors the garbage bins and informs about the level of garbage collected in garbage bins. The data is transfer through internet to the control room.
IoT Based Accident Avoidance and Detection System for Two WheelersIJASRD Journal
This document describes an IoT-based accident avoidance and detection system for two-wheelers. The system uses an accelerometer to sense vehicle tilt and activate supporting wheels to prevent falls. A vibration sensor senses accident severity. An IoT modem then sends this data to an Android app, which notifies the nearest medical center and friends via text with the accident location. This allows for timely medical aid. The system can also monitor speed and trigger an alarm if speed exceeds a threshold, helping avoid accidents. The goal is to reduce accident fatalities by facilitating immediate emergency response.
Internet of things (IoT) has started growing due to the developments in RFID, sensors, communication technologies and Internet protocols. The basic aim is to connect sensors in a straight line devoid of human association in the vicinity of help in creation of new types applications. The revolution in mobile, Internet in addition to machine-to-machine (M2M) technologies preserve is seen when the primary step towards IoT. Internet of Things (IoT) is forwarding the association among the objects (the “things”) and the backend systems passing through the Internet. Every object can become connected and smart. As a result, the background is monitored via sensing the background furthermore the data are transferred toward cloud with internet connectivity of the things. The monitoring environment comes closer in spite of distance. There are several platforms that provide services such as data analytics, business analytics, notification, etc. Each platform provides a specific service In this expose, we examine a delegate section of these platforms, together open- source and proprietary, on the source of their capability to convene the potential of dissimilar IoT users. The evaluation focuses on how prepared and functional these platforms are for IoT ecology players, other than on the peculiarities of the essential scientific layers. This paper mainly aims to provide a summary of different platforms and stages for IOT. This paper would help the IoT users to decide their best platform to suit their application.
Realization of Direct Digital Synthesis in Cordic AlgorithmIJASRD Journal
Nowadays the modern communication system and software defined radio-based applications needs Trans receiver consisting of fully programmable circuit which performs modulation and demodulation process. The method which does not need memory for realizing modulators and demodulators is CORDIC algorithm. The CORDIC algorithm is a versatile algorithm which calculates only adder and shifter operations instead of using multiplier. So, this algorithm is mostly used for VLSI and digital signal processing. The main concept used in this project is Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) which generates the analog waveform in digital format based on CORDIC algorithm approach .This paper focuses on analysis and simulation of Binary phase shift keying (BPSK), Binary amplitude shift keying (BASK), Binary frequency shift keying (BFSK), Quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation scheme using DDS based on CORDIC algorithm instead of ROM look up table which greatly reduce the number of slices and no of look up tables. The whole simulation is done on Modelsim and Xilinx-ISE using Verilog descriptive language and these modulation schemes are implemented on Spartan-3 FPGA kit.
Virtual Reality Based Requirement Distributions for Disaster Affected PeoplesIJASRD Journal
The general aim of the development of virtual reality technology for automation applications at the IRF is to provide the framework for Projective Virtual Reality which allows users to “project” their actions in the virtual world into the real world. Based on this virtual reality requirement distribution for disaster affected people system is proposed. In this system, it displays the basic need of affected people. Through this the concerned authority will know their requirement and distribute their need. The proposed system gets user’s height and change buttons’ vertical position. In addition, users can change a button label and type.
Implementation of Low Complex Universal Filtered MulticarrierIJASRD Journal
In 5G technology for enhancing the high speed data process the Filter Bank Multicarrier (FBMC), Universal Filtered multicarrier (UFMC), and Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM) techniques are used in effective manner. The FIR filter plays an important role in 5G mobile communication technology. In this paper, the hardware complexity reduced by using the FIR filter. In previous technique, 73 multipliers are required to the filtering process. Here to reduce the number of multipliers by using the multiplexers. The 73 multipliers to be replaced with the 5 number of 16:1 multiplexers, 5 multipliers and 4 registers. The Multiple Constant Multiplication (MCM) scheme is also presented for the block implementation FIR filters. Reducing the memory usage for using the less number of multipliers. Use the less number multipliers the difficulties are to be reduced. The overall implementation has a result of 42% reduction in hardware complexity.
Uncompressed Video Streaming in Wireless Channel without Interpolation using ...IJASRD Journal
This document summarizes an article that proposes methods for uncompressed video streaming over wireless channels using search algorithms without interpolation. It introduces full search and logarithmic search algorithms to estimate pixel motion for video transmission. The full search algorithm provides optimal estimation but is computationally expensive, while the logarithmic search algorithm reduces complexity. Experimental results show the full search algorithm achieves higher peak signal-to-noise ratio than existing methods. The proposed methods improve video quality for wireless transmission without increasing computational complexity.
Massive MIMO-Based 5G Networks: Energy Harvesting Base Stations with Minimum ...IJASRD Journal
The degree of CSI available to Transmitter and Receiver is influenced by the capacity of MIMO (Multiple Input and Multiple Output). The maximizing Energy Efficiency (EE) is to optimum transmission strategy for multiple user Massive MIMO system are to be optimized in radio frequency energy harvesting network. The grid energy permits requite for the changeability and intermittent the harvest energy. Hence, the quality of service constraint has to been solved under the problem of power grid expenditure reduction. In hybrid Massive MIMO system focuses on Energy efficient maximization where Massive MIMO employs where there are two other promising 5G technologies: assorted networks and millimeter wave. For achieving larger Energy Efficiency gains multiple opportunities open up than with conservative Massive MIMO systems. A sarcastic psychoanalysis of the Energy Efficient development approach considering combination Massive MIMO scheme permits as to verify various open research tribulation it will immensely help users in using energy-efficient 5G deployments.
Voice Based Search Engine for Visually Impairment PeoplesIJASRD Journal
World Wide Web (WWW) is unexpectedly emerging because the accepted records supply for our society. The WWW is normally reachable the usage of an internet-browsing package from a networked pc. The layout of facts on the net is visually orientated. The reliance on visible presentation locations excessive cognitive demands on a person to function this sort of system. The interaction might also sometimes require the whole attention of a consumer. The design of information presentation at the web is predominately visible-oriented. This presentation technique requires most, if no longer all, of the person’s attention and imposes significant cognitive load on a user. This technique isn't always sensible, in particular for the visually impaired persons. The awareness of this challenge is to develop a prototype which supports net browsing the use of a speech-based interface, e.g. A telephone, and to degree its effectiveness. The command input and the delivery of web contents are totally in voice. Audio icons are constructed into the prototype so that users will have higher knowledge of the original shape/purpose of a web page. Navigation and manage commands are available to decorate the net browsing enjoy. The effectiveness of this prototype is evaluated in a consumer take a look at involving both generally sighted and visually impaired humans. Voice browsers allow human beings to get right of entry to the Web the usage of speech synthesis, pre-recorded audio, and speech reputation. This may be supplemented via keypads and small presentations. Voice may also be supplied as an accessory to standard computing device browsers with high resolution graphical presentations, presenting an on hand alternative to the use of the keyboard or screen, as an instance in cars in which palms/eyes unfastened operation is crucial. Voice interplay can get away the bodily obstacles on keypads and shows as cell devices turn out to be ever smaller. The browser will have an integrated textual content extraction engine that inspects the content of the page to construct a structured illustration. The inner nodes of the structure constitute diverse tiers of abstraction of the content. This enables in easy and bendy navigation of the page so that it will hastily home into gadgets of interest.
Developing countries like India needs a significant improvement in infrastructure such as Roads or Highways. An express high way, for physical improvement, is one of them. Regardless, we experience a long queue at each toll plazas on expressway which wastes a lot of experience time, fuel and surges of co2. In order to check the issue basic in light of the present manual toll gathering system, Automated Toll Collection structure is exceedingly required. In this venture, we will look at the separate data from the client and it will be prepared for toll gathering framework, to make progressively productive and perfect. Beginning at now, at each toll both the vehicle needs to stop for paying the toll. We have proposed a structure that would pay the toll subsequently and diminish the line at the toll corner. For this purpose we have used the RFID tags to identify the user and so that the amount is automatically deducted from the users wallet. SMS is send to the user after deducting the amount form the user wallet. In addition to this, we have used the GPS to find the user location.
Secure Medical Data Computation using Virtual_ID Authentication and File Swap...IJASRD Journal
PHR provides users with a great deal in leakage of sensitive information. However, securing the sensitive medical data also brings very serious security problems, especially for the data security which is stored in the medical cloud data. Once the data is leaked to a third party, then the data privacy has become a major problem, mainly such as authentication, availability of data, confidentiality etc., and which is to be taken into consideration very effectively. An authentication scheme based on virtual smartcard using hashing function for medical data is proposed to solve the problem of in which the illegal users access the resources of servers. Here, we also maintain PHR sensitive data in the cloud by using file swapping concept. Once the user access the data. The user data will be swapped into different places by file swapping concept, so the file will be more secured and no one can hack or theft our data.
Secure Video Processing using ROI Extraction and ECC EncryptionIJASRD Journal
Video encryption is the process of encrypting videos to hide the object in video for secure video sharing. To hide privacy from sensitive areas in video frame, ROI extraction techniques are proposed. Lightweight encryption algorithm is performed on every ROI to make the privacy sensitive information. To implement ECC encryption for encryption of extracted ROI. Provide secure video communication between sender and receiver.
An Approach to Detect and Avoid Social Engineering and Phasing Attack in Soci...IJASRD Journal
Digital physical frameworks are the key advancement driver for some spaces, for example, car, flight, mechanical procedure control, and industrial facility mechanization. Be that as it may, their interconnection possibly gives enemies simple access to delicate information, code, and setups. In the event that aggressors gain control, material harm or even damage to individuals must be normal. To neutralize information burglary, framework control and digital assaults, security instruments must be implanted in the digital physical framework. The social building assault layouts are changed over to social designing assault situations by populating the format with the two subjects and articles from genuine precedents while as yet keeping up the point by point stream of the assault as gave in the format. Social Engineering by E-Mail is by a wide margin the most intensely utilized vector of assault, trailed by assaults beginning from sites. The aggressor in this way misuses the set up trust by requesting that consent utilize the organization's remote system office to send an email. A social designer can likewise join mechanical intends to accomplish the assault goals. The heuristic-based discovery method examines and separates phishing site includes and recognizes phishing locales utilizing that data .Based on the robotized examination of the record in the informal organization, you can construct suppositions about the power of correspondence between clients. In view of this data, it is conceivable to compute the likelihood of achievement of a multistep social building assault from the client to the client in digital physical/digital social framework. Furthermore, the proposed social designing assault layouts can likewise be utilized to create social building mindfulness material.
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternational/
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
2. Suharno et al., (2018)
21 Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018
the growth of the surrounding territory, in conditions such as output and input are likely to
be enjoyed by the region that have better infrastructure.
Banten province as the owners are faced with a substantial problem because of the
history of the Soekarno-Hatta international airport development carried out by the
government when it is not intended to Banten Province, but as the International airport to
the national needs, so that in its development where Soekarno-Hatta International Airport
contributes less economic development for the Province of Banten.
Starting from the above conditions, much like the executive, legislative and experts
consider that the presence of Soekarno-Hatta International Airport should have an
enormous influence on economic issues, namely an increase in income per capita and the
community as well as environmental issues (environment) that can affect human life,
agriculture and animals and it takes the economy to include:
1) Build roads infrastructure (accessibility) to and from the international airport to
Jakarta and Banten and better meet the demands of road users.
2) Build the facilities needs of its passengers, among others, Hotel, Restaurant,
Transportation more adequate.
3) Attention to the environmental impacts of aviation industry presence (pollution,
noise, waste airport)
1.2 Problem Identification
Departing from the background and the problems that exist in this study identified
as follows:
1) The existence of the airport has not been able to increase economic growth in
Banten province economic and through non-economic sectors.
2) The existence of the airport has not been able to cope with environmental
problems such as pollution, noise and the impact of waste generated by the
aviation industry
3) The existence of the airport has not been able to encourage the spread and degree
of economic growth in Banten province.
4) On the basis of the ten indicators of economic sectors have a strong influence on
economic growth in Banten province. But has not shown an increase in income
per capita real people.
1.3 Problem Limitation
Output Soekarno-Hatta International airport consists of the number of flights
(aircraft movement), passengers (passenger), goods and cargo and postal (mail) in terms of
airport flight then the output is divided into 2 (two) types, (a) flight service (Aeronautical)
and, (b) passengers /cargo, and postal services are classified as (non-aeronautical.)
In the study the authors restricted the activities (Limitation of Scope) is directly
related to the development of linkages Soekarno-Hatta International Airport from 2007 to
2011 which includes among others: (a) Number of Flights, (b) Manifest, and (c) The amount
of goods and cargo to the growth of Banten province through the economic sectors were: 33
activities of economic sectors (BPS 2002), but in this study the economic sectors directly
related to economic growth in Banten province are: (a) Processing industry, (b) Transport,
(c) Government & private, (d) Wholesale & retail trade, (e) Hospitality, and (f) Restaurant.
3. Analysis of Effect of the Presence of Soekarno-Hatta Airport Province of Environmental and
Economic Banten
Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018 22
1.4 The Formulating Problem
1) The extent of the influence of the Soekarno Hatta International airport to the
Banten provincial economic growth.
2) The extent of the influence of the Soekarno-Hatta International airport to the
economic sectors (Manufacturing, Transportation, other services, wholesale and
retail trade, hotels and restaurants) in Banten province
3) The extent of the influence of the sector - the economic sector (Industry,
Transport, Services other services, Wholesale and Retail, Hotel and Restaurant)
on the economic development of Banten province.
4) The extent of the influence of backward linkages (backward linkages). forward
linkages (forward linkages) as well as the spread of economic development of the
province of Banten.
5) The extent of the influence of the presence of international airport Soekarno-
Hatta on the surrounding environment (pollution, noise, waste airport)
REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
2.1 Theoretical Study
2.1.1 Understanding Airport
According to Robert Haronjeeff, Francis X. Mc Kelsey (1988, p.149) that the airport
master plan should consider the following matters:
a) Development of airport facilities.
b) Development of airport land.
c) Establish the effect of airport construction and airport operations on the
environment.,
d) Establish the needs of the road,
e) Determination of economic feasibility,
f) Determination of development priorities schedule.
As for the Research and Development Agency Department of Transportation (2001),
that the definition of “Airport in addition to technical issues also include the activities of
economic growth and the surrounding communities. Thus it is suggested that
understanding the airport is seen as an integral part of economic activity within a specific
area of the airport”.
Rigas Dog anis (2002, p.7), gives the definition of the Airport are complex industrial
enterprises. They act as a forum in the which disparate elements and activities are Brought
together to facilitate, for both passengers and freight, they interchange Between water and
surface transport.
Anne Graham (2001: p.1) said, “Airport are an essential part of the water transport
system. They Provide all the infrastructure needed to enable passenger and freight to
transfer from surface to air modes of transport and to allow airlines to take off and land.
The infrastructure consists of basic airport runway, taxiways, apron space, gates,
passenger, freight terminals and transport interchanges ground”
“Greater Airport can bring wealth, employment opportunities and substantial
Provide Encourage economic development”.
4. Suharno et al., (2018)
23 Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018
Rex W. Faulks (1992 p.7) says that the function of transport is to move passenger or
goods from where They are to where They would to be and the importance of an adequate
transport system to economic development, the life of the community.
Likewise, M.J. Bruton (1974 p.8), that the transport planning is aligned with the
growth of the region so the impact on economic growth. With other languages G.Myrdal
(1988) in his study concluded that the distribution of development into one of the
alternative policy of economic development planning,
According to Rosenstein – Rodan in his book Economic Development by Lincolin
Arsyad (1999, p.90) on a large scale industrial development will create three kinds of
economic externalities, namely:
1) Caused by the expansion of the market.
2) Because the same industry located close
3) Because of the other industries in the economy.
Theories raised by Rosenstein and Rodan is in line with the presence of Soekarno
Hatta airport as the airline industry if studied in depth to create economic externalities
such as:
1) Creating employment and both formal and non-formal.;
2) Encourage industrialization associated with the airport supporting industries,
3) Increase the income of the population,
4) Changing agricultural-based region-based regions industry. the environment.
Some things to consider in building a clean environment should be considered
include:
a) Atmosphere, minimize impact on water quality by reducing the volume of water
pollutants generated or discharged from airport operations.
b) Energy, reduce energy consumption from airport operations and thus Spike help
to cut global warning gas (CO2) emissions.
c) Noise and Vibration, minimize impact on the airport and its environs by reducing
the level of noise and vibration generated or discharged from airport operations.
d) Water, prevent pollution and Contamination of waterways and groundwater from
drainage water generated during airport operation, Also, seek to Reduced water
consumption as well as reuse and preserve water resources at the airport.
e) Soil, ground Prevent pollution from oil, chemicals and agents and other materials
used in airport operations.
f) Waste, Encourage Greater reuse of waste products generated at the airport as
resources, reduce the volume of waste generated and promotes recycling.
g) Natural Environment, conserve and create ecosystem within the airport to
integrate the airport into its surrounding and to maintain a healthy natural
environment.
There are four methods to identify key sectors in the economy of a country or region,
among others:
1) A sector is considered as a key sector is concerned if backward (backward
linkages) and the forward link (forward linkages) are relatively high.
2) A sector is considered a key sector where high gross output.
3) A sector seen as key sectors where foreign exchange is able to produce a net
revenue is relatively high.
5. Analysis of Effect of the Presence of Soekarno-Hatta Airport Province of Environmental and
Economic Banten
Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018 24
4) Considered a key sector if it can create jobs.
For more details, here is presented a table - Input Output table analysis backward
linkages (backward linkages) and forward linkages (forward linkages) as well as the spread
of economic sectors to the economic development of the province of Banten.
According to the Airport Planning & Development Handbook (Paul Stephen Demsey
pp. 433 – 434) that Professors Kevin O, Connor and Ann Scott states that “An Airport is
Perhaps the most Important single piece of infrastructure in the Battle Between cities and
nations for economic growth, cities and regions invest in transportation infrastructure in
order to put a larger cup in the stream and Realize Greater economic growth”.
Figure – 1: Thinking Framework
Development of Soekarno
Hatta Airport (PBSH):
Flight
Passengers
Goods and Cargo
Development of the
Economic Sectors:
Manufacturing (IP)
Transport (ANG)
Services (JS)
Hotel (HTL)
Restaurant (RST)
Large and Retail
Commerce (DBE)
Economic Growth Banten
Province (PEB):
Income per capita
(PPK)
Labor (TK)
2.2 Research Hypothesis
1) There is a growing influence Soekarno-Hatta International airport to the
economic growth of Banten Province.
2) There is a growing influence Soekarno-Hatta International airport of sectors -
sectors of the economy in the province of Banten.
3) There is a growing influence of economic sectors (Manufacturing, Transportation,
Services other services, Wholesale and Retail, Hotel and Restaurant) on the
growth of the economy Banten Province.
4) There is the influence of backward linkages (backward linkages) and forward
linkages (forward linkages) as well as scattered power (power of dispersion) of
each sector of the economy of the Banten provincial economic growth
5) There is a growing influence airport Soekarno-Hatta International improving the
environmental impact by developing a community around the CSR to build
Water Treatment aviation industry for the production of waste does not pollute
the environment, planting trees around the airport as a step towards Eco
Airport, building a sanitary facility for the surrounding community.
METHODOLOGI RESEARCH
3.1 Research Sites
Location of research conducted Soekarno Hatta International Airport and includes
Tangerang Banten province and surrounding areas.
6. Suharno et al., (2018)
25 Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018
3.2 Population, Sample and Sampling
The research was conducted by collecting secondary data, namely data Banten
provincial GDP coherent time (time series) from 2007 to 2011, and statistics airlines,
passengers and cargo between 2007 and 2011 as well as Input Output Study Banten
Province in 2000, the journal in and overseas, especially on “The Influence of Impact to the
Airport Economic Growth.”
Time sequential data (time series) between 2007 and 2011 treated with test
assumptions Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) of them with multicollinearity and
Singularity, so that the testing is not necessary to “test otokolinearitarity”
3.3 Research Design
This study was designed to address issues that have been formulated, the research
objectives to be achieved and simultaneously test the hypotheses. This research is causality
which has the objective to analyze the presence or absence of mutual influence of existence
of the relationship between variables Soekarno Hatta Airport, Manufacturing,
Transportation, Services, wholesale and retail trade, Hotels, Restaurants and of Economic
Growth and Banten. The type of data used are secondary data.
3.3.1 Variable and Operational Definitions
This study used several variables as follows:
1) Independent Variables (Independent), Namely: Development of Soekarno-
Hatta Airport (PBSH)
2) Among the Variables, Namely:
(a) Industrial Processing (IP), this variable was measured through the
development of the revenue from 2007 to 2011.
(b) Transportion (Ang), these variables are measured by. Development of the
revenue from 2007 to 2011.
(c) Services service, this variable is measured from the sum of public and
private sectors through the revenue from 2007 to 2011.
(d) Wholesale and Retail (DBE), this variable is measured by the value of income
from 2007 to 2011.
(e) Hotel and Restaurant, this variable was measured through the
development of hotel and restaurant revenue from 2007 to 2011.
3) Dependent Variable (the Dependent), Namely: economic growth Banten
(PEB), which is measured by using a 2 (two) indicators, namely per capita income
(PPK) and the number of resident population aged 15 years or older who work
under employment (TK) is at: Processing industry , Transportation, Services,
Large and Retail Trade, Hotel and Restaurant from 2007 to 2011.
3.4 Statistical Analysis Techniques
In this study the analytical techniques used there are 2 (two): (1) Analysis Technique
Input – Output (W. Leontief) to determine the extent of backward linkages (backward
linkages) and backward linkages (backward linkages) the development of Soekarno Hatta
International airport to the economic growth of Banten province, while (2) Analysis of
7. Analysis of Effect of the Presence of Soekarno-Hatta Airport Province of Environmental and
Economic Banten
Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018 26
structural equation modeling techniques are used to test a new theory developed both the
theory and the theory has been developed.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Description of Research
(1) Testing the First Hypothesis
There is the influence of presence of Soekarno-Hatta International Airport to the
economic growth of Banten Province.
(a) The Existence Analysis International Airport Soekarno-Hatta
The existence of the International Airport Soekarno-Hatta had positive and negative
developments in line with global and national economic conditions., Between 2007 to 2008
the number of flights that visited Soekarno Hatta airport in 2007 as many as 248.482
aircraft, the aircraft 250. 173 in 2008 rose by 0,68 percent, and gradually fade experienced
positive growth between 2010 and 2011 was 13,08 percent. The condition of passenger
growth between 2007 and 2011 positive growth in the amount of 6,13 percent in 2007 and
0,67 percent in 2008, passenger growth experienced positive until 2011., as well as goods
and cargo positive average growth between 2007 to 2011, 9,83 percent Effects of the
International Airport Soekarno Hatta can be seen in the table. 1 below: Bottom of Form
Table – 1: The Statistics Growth of Soekarno Hatta International Airport Since 2007 -2011
Years
Aircraft Movement
(PNB %)
Passenger
(PNP %)
Cargo
(BRK %)
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Average
0,55
0,68
9,08
11,97
13,08
6,26
6,13
0,67
15,21
19,42
15,38
10,82
25,07
1,73
( 8,30)
17,84
12,18
9,83
Source: Statistic Angkasa Pura 2, 2011
(b) Analysis of Economic Growth in Banten Province
Jakarta is a city of industry, commerce and tourism, the provincial capital has a
dock that connects the sea and the island of Sumatra Airport (airport) Soekarno-Hatta
International which has strong economic potential for economic growth in Banten province.
Airport is one of the gate to international and national economic activities that can
drive economic growth in Banten Province, untapped maximum because of the absence of
support accessibilities adequate facilities and infrastructure, resulting in high economic
leakage that flows into the province of Jakarta.
Levels of economic leakage occurs due to the visitors / foreigners who come through
the Soekarno Hatta International Airport is large enough according to statistics released by
the Statistics Department of PAP II (2011), whereas the type of expenditure of foreign
tourists according to the survey Passenger Exit Survey by BPSDT (2003-2012) are included
among others:
8. Suharno et al., (2018)
27 Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018
a) Accommodation (Accommodation),
b) Food and Drink (Food and Beverage),
c) Crafts and Shopping (Souvenir and Shopping),
d) Local Transport (Local transport),
e) Cruise (Sightseeing)
f) Entertainment (Entertainment) and when calculated on the average level of
spending foreign tourists who visit through Soekarno-Hatta is quite significant in
number, namely: (a) The year 2006 average of U.S. $ .913,09 years, (b) The year
2007 amounted to U.S. $.970,98 year, (c) in 2008 amounted to U.S. $ 1.178,54
year, (d) in 2009 amounted to U.S. $ 995,93/ year, (e) in 2010 amounted to U.S. $
1.085,75 / year, (f) year 2011 amounted to U.S. $. 1.118,26 / year.
Besides the level of leakage at the sector level of expenditure of the foreign tourists,
there are still quite a lot of other economic sectors that need to be extracted from the
activity at the airport as well as taxes food sales tax, billboards, vehicle parking, and taxes
on companies that operate at the airport. The group allegedly had above a high level of
leakage, because the revenues do not flow into the province of Banten.
Based on Central Bureau of Statistics based on constant price sources Banten
Province (2004 – 2012), the Gross Regional Domestic Product Banten province after
province of Banten in 2000 was as follows: the year 2006 amounting to Rp. 61.342. billion,
in 2007 amounting to Rp. 75.350 billion in 2008 amounting to Rp. 79.701. billion/ year, year
2009, 83.454 billion/year, 2010, 88.552, billion / year, 2011, 94.207 billion/year, year 2012,
100.00 billion (Preliminary figures)
Banten provincial economic conditions described in the GDP is the largest
contribution to economic growth include: the secondary sector (Manufacturing) average -
average 3,8 percent per year, the primary sector (Tananam foodstuffs) by an average of 4
percent per years, the tertiary sector (transport and communication) average of 9,44 percent
(Sources Central Bureau of Statistics of Banten Province years 2000)
(c) Analysis of Soekarno-Hatta International Airport Development to Economic
Growth in Banten Province
The test results through structural equation modeling analysis test showed that the
development of Soekarno-Hatta airport is not directly influence the growth of the economy
but the growth of the province of Banten province's economy grow through the economic
sectors as shown by the path coefficient of -10.514 with a probability value of 0.000 (Table 2)
means that any development of the Soekarno-Hatta airport because of the growth sectors of
the economy affects the economic growth of 9.56 Banten province (Table 4)
From these results mean missed the first hypothesis, and it can be concluded that
the first hypothesis is supported by the facts or accepted. This has implications, that the
development of Soekarno Hatta airport to positively affect economic growth in the province
Banten through economic sectors (Industry, Transport, Real Estate services, wholesale and
retail trade, hotels and restaurants), as proposed in the Journal Cincinnati Airport /
Northern Kentucky International Airport (1977), namely: “The influence of international
airport on regional economic growth”.
From the explanation suggested by these experts can be concluded, that the airport
is an area consisting of air traffic activity (aircraft movement), passengers (passenger) as
9. Analysis of Effect of the Presence of Soekarno-Hatta Airport Province of Environmental and
Economic Banten
Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018 28
well as goods and cargo that can boost the economy either directly or indirectly to the
economy of the province Banten.
Table – 2: Path Coefficients (Standardized Regression) Relationships between Variables
Path Path Coeffisiens T. Calculated Probability Remark
LNDBE_1 <- LNPbsh_1 0,819 Significant
LNHote_1 <- LNPbsh_1 0,496 7,304 0 Significant
LNRest_1 <- LNPbsh_1 0,731 Significant
LNIP_1 <- LNPbsh_1 0,267 Significant
Jasa_1a <- LNPbsh_1 0,903 19,605 0 Significant
LNang_1 <- LNPbsh_1 0,716 11,869 0 Significant
LNPEB_1 <- LNHote_1 3,251 Significant
LNPEB_1 <- LNDBE_1 2,571 Significant
LNPEB_1 <- LNIP_1 0,719 6,882 0 Significant
LNPEB_1 <- Jasa_1a 2.524 Significant
LNPEB_1 <- LNRest_1 2,88 Significant
LNPEB_1 <- LNPbsh_1 -10,514 -22,8 0 Significant
LNPEB_1 <- LNang_1 1,769 6,796 0 Significant
LNSWT_1 <- Jasa_1a 0,989 Significant
LNPMR_1 <- Jasa_1a 0,777 13,912 0 Significant
LNtk_1 <- LNPEB_1 0,036 1,02 0,308 Non-Significant
LNPNP_1 <- LNPbsh_1 3,148 Significant
LN BRK_1 < LN Pbsh_1 0,081 1,192 0,233 Non-Significant
LN PPK_1 < LN PEB _1 0,478 Significant
Numerical values do not appear in T. Calculate (Critical Value) and the probability
indicate a problem identification (identification problem) By using the AMOS 4.0 computer
model of causality estimation can be done, and one of the problems encountered and the
onset of symptoms – symptoms as follows: (a) Standard error for one or several coefficients
are very large, (b) Appears an odd number as the number of negative error, and (c) The
emergence of a very high correlation coefficient between the estimates obtained for example
more than 0.9 (Augusty Ferdinand 2000 p.46-47).
Solutions to overcome this identification problem by providing a constraint on the
model analyzed. Consequence of this provision will eliminate the estimated coefficients,
which means the value of T. Calculate (Critical Ratio) and probability do not arise.
On testing the hypothesis (alternative) is done by observing the 0.05. probability (p)
is said to significantly when the value of p with Labor (TK) and these criteria shows that
economic growth Banten (PEB) Goods and Cargo the development of Soekarno-Hatta
International Airport (PBSH) (BRK) since probability values greater than 0.05 is not
significant.
10. Suharno et al., (2018)
29 Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018
Development of Soekarno-Hatta International Airport (PBSH) directly affects the
economic sectors (Manufacturing Industry (IP), Transport (ANG), the Government and
Private Services (JS), Wholesale and Retail (DBE), Hotel (HTL), Restaurants (RST) Sector
Economic Sector (IP, ANG, JS, DBE, HTL, RST) directly influence the Banten Economic
Growth.
Soekarno-Hatta international airport developments (PBSH) does not directly
influence economic growth Banten (PEB), but through economic sectors.
(2) The Second Hypothesis Testing
There is the influence of the presence of Soekarno-Hatta International Airport to the
economic sectors in the province of Banten.To test the hypothesis of a causal relationship in
both used models of "Structural equation modeling" (SEM). To avoid the high data variation
is performed A logit (LN). The results of testing with structural equation model with AMOS
4 program shown in Figure 2
Causal relationships between PBSH, IP, ANG, JS, DBE, HTL, RST and PEB with
Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Table – 3: Criteria Evaluation Goodness of Fit Indices
Criteria Result Critical Value *) Evaluation Model
Chi-Square 387.7 Relatively small Good
Probability 0.00 ≥ 0,05 Not good
RMSEA 0.3 0,08 Not good
GFI 0,8 ≥ 0,95 Not good
CFI 0,8 ≥ 0,95 Not good
Source: * Hair (1992), Arbuckle (1997), Muller (1996)
11. Analysis of Effect of the Presence of Soekarno-Hatta Airport Province of Environmental and
Economic Banten
Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018 30
From the above table it can be argued that 3.di models tend to be relatively
acceptable or in accordance with the data. This indicates that the probability value, and the
RMSEA is less good but Chi-Square is quite good and the GFI and CFI marginal. To test
the hypothesis Causal Relationship Between PBSH, IP, ANG, JS, DBE, HTL, RST and
Confirmatory Factor Analysis PEB with presented coefficient following lines indicating a
causal relationship between these variables. The relationship is shown in Figure 2.
Table – 4: Recapitulation Direct Effects, Indirect Effects, and Total Effects among Variables
Description: EL = Direct Effect, ETL = Indirect Effect, ET = Effect of Total
PBSH direct effect of the PEB for -10.51, these figures are Standardized Regression
Weights
Indirect effects of PEB PBSH of 9.56, meaning that growth in PEB by economic
sectors (IP, ANG, JS, DBE, HTL and RST)
The total effect of the PEB is PBSH - 0.95 means that the total development of the
airport has not contributed as expected, but indirect effects can encourage economic sectors
in the province of Banten. The test results through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM)
which can be seen from Figure 2 and Table 4 can be explained that the causal relationship
as well as direct effects (EL) The development of Soekarno Hatta Airport (PBSH) to the
sector – Manufacturing sector of the economy (IP), Transport (ANG), Service-Service (JS),
wholesale and retail trade (DBE), Hotel (HTL), Restaurant (RST), respectively at 0.72: 0.73:
0.27: 0.82, 0.50; 0 , 90 and the Development of Direct Effect Soekarno-Hatta International
Airport to the economy, Banten Province (PEB) of -10.51. Transport direct effect on
economic growth, Banten Province (PEB) of 1.77, Restaurant on Economic Growth Banten
Province (PEB) of 2.88; Manufacturing Industry (IP) for Economic Growth Banten (PEB) of
0.72; of Commerce and retail (DBE) on Economic Growth Banten (PEB) of 2.57; Hotel on
Economic Growth Banten (PEB) of 3.25; Services for Economic Growth Banten (PEB) of
2.52. While the indirect effects Soekarn-Hatta International Airport Development (PBSH)
on Economic Growth Banten (PEB) through Transport, Restaurants, Manufacturing,
wholesale and retail trade, hotels and services at 9.56.
From the analysis conducted, that the second hypothesis was the first to support the
hypothesis that there is no reason to reject the first hypothesis because it is based on the
results - the results of the analysis was correct that positively influence the development of
the airport sector in the provincial economy Banten through economic sectors.
Thus the results of this study complement the theory put forward by Anne Graham
(2001) that “Greater Airport can bring wealth, employment opportunities and substantial
Provide economic development”, the statement pointed out that Graham was also at a
12. Suharno et al., (2018)
31 Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018
regional airport activity is influenced by several factors, among others: Direct, Indirect,
Induced Impact.
(3) The Third Hypothesis Testing
There is a growing influence on the growth sectors of the economy sector of the
economy Banten Province. Structural equation modeling test results, showing that the
causal relationship between economic sectors to economic growth Banten respectively as
follows: the influence of Manufacturing for Economic Growth in Banten province reached
0.72, the influence of transport on economic growth of 1.77 Banten, the effect of services on
Services Economic growth of 2.52 , wholesale and retail trade influences economic growth
by 2.57 Banten, the effect of Hotel on economic growth Banten of 3.25, the effect on
economic growth Banten Restaurant (PEB) of 2.88 (Figure 2) . From the results of these
analyzes indicate that the third hypothesis supports this second hypothesis means that the
third hypothesis is missed, and it can be concluded that the third hypothesis is supported by
facts or acceptable. This has the implication that the growth sectors of the economy affect
the economic development of Banten province.
(4) The Fourth Hypothesis Testing
Backward linkages (backward linkages) and future (forward Linkages) and Coverage
(power of dispersion) of each sector of the economy on the growth of Ban ten province's
economy.
Analysis used to test it is with Input Output Analysis introduced by W. Leontief
(1976), this model is able to describe the association sector – a sector that is backward
linkages (backward linkages) to determine the scatter and forward linkages (forward
linkages) to determine the degree of sensitivity of economic sectors in the province of
Banten. The fourth hypothesis is to determine the impact of the spread of the model
formulated in the following equation:
∑∑
∑
2
1
1
α
ijji
iji
j
b
n
b
n
=
Where aj is the index j and the spread of the sector, better known as the spread of
sector j
Aj scale can have a value equal to 1, a larger or smaller one.
If aj = 1, it means that the spread of sector j equal to the average spread of all
economic sectors.
Aj values > 1 indicate that the spread of sector j is above the average power sector
spread throughout the economy, and vice versa if aj <1 demonstrates the lower deployment
of sector j. In many tables I-O analysis, aj is also known as the impact of backward linkages
(backward linkages)
While in the fourth hypothesis is formulated to determine the degree of sensitivity to
the following equation:
b11 + b12 + bij + ... + ... + bij b1n = Σ
…………….. (1)
13. Analysis of Effect of the Presence of Soekarno-Hatta Airport Province of Environmental and
Economic Banten
Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018 32
bi1 bi2 + + bij + ... + ... + bij bin = Σ ………………………. (2)
BN1 + BN2 + BNN + ... + ... + BNJ b1n = Σ
or in the general equation:
si = Σ jbij
where
si = the amount of impact to sector i as a result of changes in all economic sectors.
The values in the above equation is also known as the number of degrees of
sensitivity, which explains the magnitude of the impact it had on output of a sector as a
result of changes in final demand in each sector of the economy. Because of this magnitude
to explain the formation of output in a sector that is affected by the final demand of each
sector of the economy, then this measure can be used to look forward linkages (forward
linkages).
For comparison between the requirements and logic similar to the discussion of its
spread, the above equation is normalized to:
∑ ∑
∑
1
β
ijji
ijj
i
b
n
b
Where:
bi = index of the degree of sensitivity of i or more commonly referred to as degrees of
sensitivity alone.
bi values > 1 indicate that the degree of sensitivity of the sector 1 is higher than the
average degree of sensitivity of the whole sector, while bi <1 shows the degree of sensitivity
of the i is lower than average. Degree of sensitivity index was referred to as impact level
connectivity to the front (forward linkages effect ratio). Table of coefficients are coefficients
that describe the relevance of the direct effects and indirect effects from changes in a sector.
Table of coefficients is referred to as the connectivity matrix multiplier (multiplier matrix).
In the macro model, the term is often used to explain the multiplier effect that occurs in the
endogenous variable due to changes in exogenous variables. Matrix multiplier in the IO
table can be used to see Impact analysis. The rationale of its spread (backward linkages) is
the change in output in a sector will result in changes in provider sectors, while the degree
sensitivity (forward linkages) are the changes that occur in a sector will lead to other
sectors of the stimulus as a user output. When the spread of powerful forces means the
commodity will provide a very strong backward linkage effects. This sector has shown a lot
of activities will be directly influenced by the structure of its inputs, because when one
output is required, then other commodities will also be required by the request, whereas the
sensitivity degree shows the strength of the strength of a commodity that could be sensitive
to all economic sectors, particularly if there is demand from final demand (final demand).
The force sensitivity shows the structure of indirect economic demand, though, because the
structure of final demand is more balanced, it will impact on the total demand for
commodity output, respectively. Its spread and degree of analysis is more sensitive benefit,
when expressed in terms of the four quadrants as illustrated in figure 3
…………….. (3)
14. Suharno et al., (2018)
33 Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018
Figure – 3: Analysis of the Spread and Magnitude of the Force Sensitivity
DEGREE OF SPREADS
Degree of sensitivity
Both backward analysis (backward linkages) and forward (forward linkages) in the
event will show the strength of a combined effort in driving economic economy. Backward
and forward linkage air transport sector 33 (thirty-three) sectors, where the direct effects of
backward linkage units 0,479.494, 1,390.743 indirect effects units, the total value of
1,870,237 units of backward linkage effects while direct forward linkage 0.122721 units and
indirect 1.044422 units of the total value of 1,167,143 units of forward linkage.
Force of diffusion and the highest degree of sensitivity of the air transport activity
appears not as expected (Expectacy) Banten province from 33 sectors of economic activities
and products of chemical industry only goods made of chemical elements that provide a
direct effect of 0,2177.705 units, and indirect effects of 0,178.026 units
Backward linkage and forward transactions of domestic air transportation sector on
the basis of producer prices in Banten in four sectors can be clearly seen that the
connectivity back (backward linkages) the direct effects of air transport 0.081011, while the
indirect effects of 1.008342 between the primary and largest secondary, indirect effects Like
that forward linkage and indirect 1.008342 0.081011 greatest among primary and
secondary sectors.
Backward and forward linkage see that the top ten with the highest dispersion forces
are the 14 (Industrial goods and metals) of 2,368,248 units, the 8 (Industrial textiles,
apparel, leather, footwear) of 2,264,831 units, the 10 ( paper industry and paper goods from
the goods) of 2,194,452 units, sector 11 (the chemicals, products of chemical products) of
2,056,362 units, sector 17 (Water Supply) of 1,933,596 units, sector 18 (Buildings) of 1899,
.455 units, sector 26 (Air Transport) of 1,870,237 units of the 20 (Hotel) of 1,675,572 units,
and the 21 (Restaurant) of 1,669,059 units, while the degree of sensitivity of the other:
Industrial Chemicals, and goods chemicals, metal products industry, trade, textile industry,
paper industry and paper goods from the goods, primary metals industry, Tabama,
Electricity, Transport roads, food industry, beverages, tobacco.
Connectivity back (backward linkages) and connectedness forward (forward
linkages) of the Air Transport Force Distribution 1,870,237 units, meaning that the air
transport sector impact is very strong backward linkage and the degree of sensitivity of the
direct effect of 1,167,143 units back connectivity (degree sensitivity) on the air of the largest
economic sectors in sector 11 (chemical industry) it is 0.217705, the 19 (trade) contributes as
15. Analysis of Effect of the Presence of Soekarno-Hatta Airport Province of Environmental and
Economic Banten
Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018 34
much as 0.018746, sector 21 (restaurant) of 0.030253 and sector 27 (transport support)
covering the activities of loading and unloading goods Services, warehousing, delivery
services goods, services, cold storage of 0.052413.
Indirect backward linkage effects (degree sensitivity) on the air covering the
activities of the 8 (textile industry), sector 10 (paper industry), sector 11 (chemical products)
and the 19 (trade), while the direct effect of forward linkage (its dissemination) covering the
largest sector 7 (industrial food and beverage), sector 27 (transport support).
For the relevance of the indirect effects (power spread), which include the largest:
the 10 (paper industry), the 8 (textile industry), sector 11 (chemical industry), sector 27
(transport support). Combination of numbers and degree spread its sensitivity shows the
strength of a commodity or economic sector to economic development in the region.
The group is described in the analysis of the four quadrants of the picture 3. Which
indicated the sector who have the sensitivity of the spread and degree of an economic sector.
To classify all economic sectors in the four quadrants derived concluded, that the
concentration of economic sectors is in I, II and III and only a few in quadrant IV.
Based on the above analysis in table 4 and connectedness back and forward air
transport sector obtained the conclusion that the economic sectors that occupy quadrant I
are among the other sectors: Industrial chemicals, metal goods, textiles, footwear, paper,
printed matter, road transport, food beverage and tobacco industry / tobacco. This sector
contributes to its dissemination and a high degree of sensitivity compared to other sectors.
Implications if the Banten province means to pursue the growth of other sectors so
balanced, it should be given greater attention be given priority to economic growth may
soon grow more rapidly than today, especially in quadrant II is associated with the presence
of air as an agent of urban development.
From an analysis of the fourth hypothesis can be concluded, that the Soekarno-Hatta
airport with air transport output can impact directly or indirectly, although the value is not
significant compared with the activity of a huge airport that is expected to create growth
that is higher than this time.
(5) The Five Hypothesis Testing
Based on the analysis and the condition of the airport Soekarno-Hatta International
Environment device that is in the form of waste water treatment, waste incineration
aviation industry, protective tree planting around the airport has done well, but the basic
concept based on field studies for Environmental setting has not been done in total as of
other: (a) minimize Atmosphere, (b) Reduce energy consumption, (c) Noise & Vibration
minimize, (d) Prevent pollution and contamination of Waterways, (e) Prevent ground
pollution from oil, Chemicals, etc., and (f) Encourage Greater reuse of waste products
generated.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Conclusion
Based on the results of hypothesis testing has been done in conjunction with the
presence of Soekarno-Hatta International airport to the Environment (environment) and
economic growth in Banten province, then the resulting 2 (two) concluded between:
16. Suharno et al., (2018)
35 Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018
(a) General Conclusion, and
(b) Conclusion Special
(a) General Conclusion
Causal relationship has developed between the effect of the development of the
airport Soekarno-Hatta International Banten province on the growth of the economy. By
using Model Analysis of Structural Equation Modeling, whereas to know how far backward
linkages (backward linkages) and the deployment of the air transport sector to other
sectors, as well as forward linkages (forward linkages) to determine the degree of sensitivity
of the Air Transport sector with other sectors in the province of Banten by using the Input
Output Analysis Method.
To assess the impact of the existence of the airport to the improvement of the
environment (environment) can be seen from the construction of waste treatment facilities
and sewage and industrial wastewater cleaning has greening aviation and airport
environment in an effort to reduce the impact of aircraft noise pollution and its operational
activities in an effort to make the airport to be the Eco Airport
(b) Special Conclusions
(a) There is a growing influence international airport Soekarno-Hatta on the growth
of the economy, Banten Province, at -10.51 and 9.56 for the indirect effects as a
result of the growing influence of economic sectors, while the total effect of the
growth of economic sectors amountingto-0.95.
(b) By using a statistical test results of Structural Equation Modeling Analysis
Model (SEM), there is a growing influence Soekarno Hatta International Airport
on economic sectors such as: Manufacturing of 0.27, 0.72 for Transport,
Government Services and Private of 0.90, Wholesale and Retail at 0.82, Hotels
and Restaurants of 0.50 by 0.73
(c) Growth in economic sectors such as: Manufacturing, Transportation, Service
Services, Wholesale and Retail, Hotel and Restaurant under the influence of
Soekarno Hatta airport development impacts economic growth in Banten
Province average of 4.58 percent
(d) By using a statistical test model of Input Output (IO), showed no backward
linkages (backward linkages) and the spread of economic sectors, Banten
Province, which indicated either directly or indirectly to the air transport sector
of processing industry of 0.489652 units or 48.9652 percent, trade, hotel and
restaurant sector 19 to 21 units of 0.101075 or 10.1075 percent. This shows that
when the spread is very powerful means of the commodity will provide a very
strong backward linkage effects. This sector showed a lot of activities will be
directly affected by the structure of its inputs, because when one output is
required, then the commodities are poised required by the request.
(e) There are forward linkages (forward linkages) and the influence of the degree of
sensitivity is directly or indirectly to the air transport sector manufacturing units
of 0.0031118 or 0.31118 percent and the financial sector, renting and business
services sector at 0.008266528 units 29 or 0 , 8266528 percent, the degree of
sensitivity suggests that the indirect demand structure of the economy, because if
17. Analysis of Effect of the Presence of Soekarno-Hatta Airport Province of Environmental and
Economic Banten
Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018 36
the structure of final demand are more balanced, it will affect the total demand
for each commodity output
(f) Insufficient accessibility and adequate supporting facilities include: Road, Hotel,
Restaurant, Place of Entertainment and Travel, gift shop and land
transportation), so many visitors Global Country (tourism) and the travelers
(excursionist) who visited through Soekarno Hatta Airport do not visit Jakarta
and Banten Province that resulted in travel expenses during the Capital does not
flow into the Province of Banten, this resulted in substantial revenue leakage
5.2 Suggestions
Based on the above results, the suggestions put forward some suggestions as follows:
1) The existence of Soekarno Hatta International Airport should be able to
contribute to the province of Ban ten either direct or indirect effects to enhance
the province's economic growth. Banten in an effort to increase GDP and
increasing per capita income of the population.
2) In an effort to encourage the acceleration of economic growth in Ban ten province
where the airport should not only be able to contribute the growth of Industry,
Transport, Real Estate Services, wholesale and retail trade, Hospitality and
Restaurant, but other economic sectors Expected to grow.
3) Economic growth in the sector among other sectors: Manufacturing,
Transportation, Services, Wholesale and Retail, Hotel and Restaurant should be
able to provide a greater contribution to economic activity in Banten province so
as to further enhance employment opportunities and income per capita.
4) Effect of backward linkages (backward linkages) that could influence the spread
and forward linkages (forward linkages) that potentially influence the sensitivity
should be generating activities supporting industrial sectors because of the
commodity is needed, so that its output structures can develop due to the many
requests.
5) Should consider developing the necessary facilities accessibility and tourists and
other airport service users such as hotels, recreation, entertainment sera road
accessibility to and from Banten province.
6) The existence of an airport should not cause serious environmental impacts that
result in disruption of the survival of humans, animals and vegetation
REFERENCES
[1] _____________ ______________,2003, Statistik Data Olah Penerbangan.
[2] Arbuckle JL, 1999 Amos 4 User Guide, Chicago Smallwaters Coorporation.
[3] Augusty Ferdinand, 2000, Structural Equation Modelling, Dalam Penelitian
Manajemen, Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
[4] Anne Graham, 2001, Managing Airport an International Perpective Butterrots,
Heinemann Linancre House Jordan Hill, Oxford.
[5] Bappeda, 2003., Propinsi Banten.
[6] Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), 2000 dan 2001 Tangerang Dalam Angka Kota Tangerang.
18. Suharno et al., (2018)
37 Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018
[7] _____________________, 2003 Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Propinsi Banten
[8] ______________________, 2002 “Studi Input – Output Propinsi Banten, 2000”
[9] Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS, 2002 “Statistik Kunjungan Tamu Asing”, Jakarta
Indonesia
[10] Badan Litbang Departemen Perhubungan tahun 2001.
[11] Hagen E, 1975, “The Economic of Development”, Mc Graw Hill Book Co, 3th Ed,
Singapore.
[12] Hair FH, Anderson EA, Tathan RL, Black WC, 1992. “Multivariate Data Analysis.”
New York: Macmillan Publishing Company
[13] Klien, L.R., 1950, “Economic Flucuations in United State” 1921-1941, Cowles
Commision Monograph No 11, New York, Wiley.
[14] Lincolin Aesyad, 1999, Ekonomi Pembangunan “Penerbit Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu
Ekonomi YKPN Yogjakarta.
[15] W. Leontief, 1966, “Input Output Economic”, New York Oxford University Press USA
[16] Miernyk, William H, 1989, “The Element of Input Output Analysis” Prentice Hall, Inc
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
[17] Myrdal, G, 1988, “Paths of Development in Shamin” Peasant and Peasant Society,
Penguin Books Ltd Victoria Australia.,
[18] Michael J. Bruton, 1974, “The Spirit and Purpose of Planning”, Hutchinson & Co. Ltd.,
3 Fitzroy Square, London
[19] Norman Ashford and Paul H. Wright, 1991, “Airport Engineering”, A Wiley-Inter
Science Publication, New York, Third Edition.
[20] Norman Ashford and Clifton A. Moore, 1992, “Airport Finance” Van Nostrand Reinhold
New York. USA
[21] Neufville de Richard and Amedeo Odoni, 2003, “Airport Systems Planning Design and
Management”, McGraw-Hill, New York.
[22] Paul Stephen Dempsey “Airport Planning and Development Handbook: A Global
Survey” McGraw-Hill New York, USA.
[23] Rigas Doganis, 2002, “The Airport Business “Simultaneusly published, 29 West 35th
Street, New York USA.
[24] R.E. Quant, and JM. Henderson, 1980, “Micro Economic Theory Mathematical
Approach” 3rd Ed McGraw Hill International Books Co., Singapore.
[25] Robert Horonjeff and Francis X Mc Kelvy, 1988, “Perencanaan dan Perancangan
Bandar Udara” Edisi ketiga jilid I Penerbit Erlangga Jakarta.
[26] Richardson, H W, 1972, “Input- Output and Regional Economic” Jhon Willey and Sons,
New York.
[27] Rex W. Faulks,1992 “Principles of Transport”, Fourth Edition, McGraw- Hill
International Edition, U.K.
[28] Stone R, 1961, “Input–Output Analysis and National Accounts Organization for
Economic Cooperation” Paris.
[29] Samuaelson, Paul A & William D. Nardhaus, 1994, “Economic”, Fifteenth Edition,
McGraw – Hill.
[30] T.L Wheelen and Hunger JD, 1986, “Strategic Management and Business Policy”,
Addison- Wesley Publishing Company Inc., Canada.
19. Analysis of Effect of the Presence of Soekarno-Hatta Airport Province of Environmental and
Economic Banten
Volume 05, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2018 38
[31] US. Department of Commerce Journal, 1997, “The Bureau of Economic Analysis” in
The Department of Commerce.
[32] Yotopoulus, PA and Wuu Long Lin, 1975, The Utilizations of Linkage Analysis in
Development Planning A/D/C, Inc., New York USA.
[33] Journal dan Media
[34] Cincinnati, Northerrn Kentucky International Airport, 1997, The Influence of
International Airport on Regional Economic Growth, Economic Research Group
Center for Economic Education University of Cincinnati
[35] “Florida Airports Economic Impact Study, FASP 2000, Wilbur Smith Associates, Inc,
USA.
[36] “The Economic Impact of Geneva International Airport (AIG)”, 1999. Geneva
Swisszerland
[37] “Passenger Terminal World”, 1999, UIP UK & International Press.
[38] Des Moines International Airport, 1998. “A Leading Influence in Central Low Bottom of
Form”.