An Emphasized Dual Similarity Measure Integration for Online Image Retrieval System Using SimRank
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In the real world scenario the use of image grows rapidly, the image rich network is the one that comprises of billions of images. The social media websites, such as Picasa, Flickr and Facebook comprises billions of end user posted images along with their annotations. Similarly the electronic commerce website such as Flipkart, Myntra and Amazon are also furnished with product related images. In this paper, we introduce how to perform efficient and optimum information retrieval in online image rich system. We propose a Mok-SimRank to compute link-based similarity and a dual similarity integration algorithm for both link and content based similarity. Experimental results on online electronic commerce site show that our approach is significantly better than traditional methods in terms of relevance.
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This document summarizes a research paper on using machine learning for image retrieval. It discusses using optical character recognition (OCR) to extract text from images and then translate that text into machine-readable formats. The document reviews related work on combining visual and text features for image retrieval. It also provides an overview of the proposed system architecture, which combines color, texture, and edge features for image retrieval and evaluates performance using metrics like sensitivity, specificity, retrieval score, and accuracy.
IRJET - Twitter Spam Detection using Cobweb
This document discusses using Cobweb clustering and Gradient Boosting techniques to detect spam on Twitter. Cobweb clustering creates a classification tree to predict attributes of new objects by summarizing the attribute distributions of existing nodes. Gradient Boosting is an ensemble method that uses multiple weak learners (decision trees) to create a stronger predictive model. The paper aims to combine these techniques to create an enhanced spam detection system. It also reviews several existing approaches for Twitter spam detection using techniques like Hidden Markov Models, Random Forests, and asynchronous link-based algorithms.
A State-Of-The Art Review A Survey On Multimedia Tagging Techniques
This document provides a survey of multimedia tagging techniques. It discusses automatic annotation approaches that find visual and semantic similarities between images and tags to propagate labels. It also covers collaborative annotation approaches that leverage social tags generated by users to train models and annotate large image corpora. Specific techniques discussed include graph-based label propagation, tag recommendation, refinement, and crowdsourcing approaches like online games and paid tools to explicitly collect annotations. The goal of the survey is to present state-of-the-art annotation methods for multimedia in the new era of social media and large-scale image sharing.
Learning to rank image tags with limited training examples
The document proposes a novel approach for tag ranking in image annotation that combines tag ranking with matrix recovery. It aggregates prediction models for tags into a matrix and casts tag ranking as a matrix recovery problem. The method introduces a matrix trace norm to control model complexity, allowing reliable prediction even with limited training images. Experiments on image datasets demonstrate its effectiveness compared to state-of-the-art image annotation and tag ranking approaches.
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Tag based image retrieval (tbir) using automatic image annotation
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IRJET- A Survey on Image Retrieval using Machine Learning
IRJET- A Survey on Image Retrieval using Machine Learning
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SPSS: An Effective Tool to Compute Learning Outcomes in Acadamics
OBJECTIVES: To determine how SPSS can be a useful tool to evaluate Course Learning Outcomes and analyze student's performance with the help of KS test, histogram and skewness of the tool. It is also contributing to facilitate Deep learning amongst students with the help of achievement of normal distribution of grades. METHODS: Comparative analysis is done using course specification, syllabus, assessment method(Final Exam Question paper is taken as tool) and result statistics for the course of STATISTICAL PROGRAMMING (217 CSM), 3rd year (level 5 course) that is part of BCS curriculum in department of Computer Science, College of computer Science in King Khalid University. Teaching strategies are compared for two years. i.e; 2013 and 2014. Moreover the research inferences the relevance of application of NCAAA standards in meeting Learning outcomes of any module for department of Computer Science, CCS, KKU. RESULTS: Comparison of question papers depict that now students are motivated to have deep learning in terms of understanding, solving, reasoning based questions as contrast to shallow learning (memorized questions) in the past. It is indeed improving Learning domains too (Knowledge, Cognitive, Interpersonal and Communication skills) more effectively than in the past. Also grade distribution is Normal with well-defined curve for 2014 as compared to 2013 having variation in Standard deviation too. Teacher centered learning lead to surface learning. After NCAA standards implementation, there is more focus on learned centered teaching. Design of learning assessments is in such a way that it should meet learning outcomes successfully. CONCLUSIONS: The research is contributing in flourishing the personality of the students to produce qualified graduates with excellence in communication, logically and technically capable enough to share their knowledge nationally and internationally with much more confidence at any platform. Also it is opening door for researchers to evaluate their performance with the help of SPSS in academics or anywhere where we want to gather.
BugLoc: Bug Localization in Multi Threaded Application via Graph Mining Approach
Detection of software bugs and its occurrences, repudiation and its root cause is a very difficult process in large multi threaded applications. It is a must for a software developer or software organization to identify bugs in their applications and to remove or overcome them. The application should be protected from malfunctioning. Many of the compilers and Integrated Development Environments are effectively identifying errors and bugs in applications while running or compiling, but they fail in detecting actual cause for the bugs in the running applications. The developer has to reframe or recreate the package with the new one without bugs. It is time consuming and effort is wasted in Software Development Life Cycle. There is a possibility to use graph mining techniques in detecting software bugs. But there are many problems in using graph mining techniques. Managing large graph data, processing nodes with links and processing subgraphs are the problems to be faced in graph mining approach. This paper presents a novel algorithm named BugLoc which is capable of detecting bugs from the multi threaded software application. The BugLoc uses object template to store graph data which reduces graph management complexities. It also uses substring analysis method in detecting frequent subgraphs. The BugLoc then analyses frequent subgraphs to detect exact location of the software bugs. The experimental results show that the algorithm is very efficient, accurate and scalable for large graph dataset.
Motion Object Detection Using BGS Technique
The detection of moving object is an important in many applications such as a vehicle identification in a traffic monitoring system,human detection in a crime branch.In this paper we identify a vehicle in a video sequence.This paper briefly explain the detection of moving vehicle in a video.We introduce a new algorithm BGS for idntifying vehicle in a video sequence. First, we differentiate the foreground from background in frames by learning the background. Then, the image is divided into many small nonoverlapped frames. The candidates of the vehicle part can be found from the frames if there is some change in gray level between the current image and the background. The extracted background subtraction method is used in subsequent analysis to detect a vehicle and classify moving vehicle.
Analysis of Women Harassment in Villages Using CETD Matrix Modal
It is commonly understood that misbehavior intends to upset .Law says , the repeated intentional misbehavior towards women is an offensive. The main concept of this paper can find something interesting that will make us reflect on what is done by women’s rights and gender equality. To solve such problem, in this paper we are interested to adopt CETD matrix.
Solving Assignment Problem Using L-R Fuzzy Numbers
In this paper we determine a new method to solving assignment problem using L-R fuzzy parameters. This method requires finding out the minimal cost reach optimality compared to the existing methods available in the literature. Numerical examples show that the fuzzy assignment ranking method offers an effective way for handling the fuzzy assignment problem.
Fuzzy Chroamtic Number of Line Graph using α-Cuts
In this paper, we introduce chromatic number of line graph using α-cuts. The concept of chromatic number of fuzzy graphs was introduced by Munoz et.al, later Eslahchi and onagh. They are defined by the fuzzy chromatic number of complete graphs (kn), cycle graph (cn), star graph (sn), wheel graph (wn), and line graph are found and results are summarized.
A Study on the Exposures of Rag- Pickers Using Induced Neutrosophic Cognitive...
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Saturation Index of π(D(r,s))
Adin and Roichman [1] introduced the concept of permutation graphs and Peter Keevash, Po-Shen Loh and Benny Sudakov [2] identified some permutation graphs with maximum number of edges. Ryuhei Uehara, Gabriel Valiente, discussed on Linear structure of Bipartite Permutation Graphs and the Longest Path Problem [3]. If i, j belongs to a permutation on p symbols {1, 2, …, p} and i is less than j then there is an edge between i and j in the permutation graph if i appears after j in the sequence of permutation. So the line of i crosses the line of j in the permutation. Hence there is a one to one correspondence between crossing of lines in the permutation and the edges of the corresponding permutation graph. In this paper we found the conditions for a permutation to realize a double star and comprehend the algorithm to determine the satuation index of the permutation. AMS Subject Classification (2010): 05C35, 05C69, 20B30.
Classification and Prediction of Heart Disease from Diabetes Patients using H...
The multi-factorial chronicle, severe disease among human is diabetes. As a result of abnormal level of glucose in body leads to heart attack, kidney disease, renal failure, Hyperglycemia and also cancer in organs like liver and pancreas. Many studies have been proved that several types of heart diseases are possible in diabetic patients having a high blood sugar. Many approaches were proposed to diagnose both Diabetes and heart diseases. Most of the diabetes people can also have heart diseases called as Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. The earliest manifestation of diabetic cardiomyopathy is needed certain processes. The objective of the study is to examine the association of heart disease and diabetes. The relationship between diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are examined by taking into account of age, sex and associated diabetic and cardiovascular risk factors. The data are collected from patients with diabetes. From these data, features are selected by ant colony optimization and those selected features are given to hybrid PSO-LIBSVM to classify abnormal and normal data. This performance is evaluated using performance metrics and proved this classifiers efficiency for detection of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy.
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The intuitionistic double layered fuzzy graph gives a 3-D structural view to a fuzzy graph. To find the cartesian product of two intuitionistic double layered fuzzy graphsis a challenging one. In this paper under some condition,a simple method to find the vertex degree of cartesian product of two IDLFG without the cartesianproduct structure is given.
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Knowledge of climate data of region is essential for business, society, agriculture, pollution and energy applications. Climate is not fixed, the fluctuation in the climate can be seen from year to year.The data mining application help meteorological scientists to predictaccurate weather forecast and decisions and also provide more performance and reliability than any other methods. The data mining techniques applied on weather data are efficient when compare to the mathematical models used. Various techniques of data mining are applied on climate data to support weather forecasting, climate scientists, agriculture, vegetation, water resources and tourism. The aim of this paper is to provide a review report on various data mining techniques applied on weather data set in support of weather prediction and climate analysis.
Test Suite Reduction Based on Fault Detection with Cost Optimization
Test Suite Reduction is an optimization technique to identify the minimally sized subset of test cases with enforced constraints involved. The main purpose of test suite reduction is to deduce increased number of test cases that in turn increase the time and cost involved in execution. Fault Detection is the method of identifying the faults that affect the outcome of the system either logically or syntactically. This paper focuses on the reduction of the test suite that has high fault identification rates and also incurs low cost of execution of test cases. The proposed approach includes a new parameter Fault Detection Effectiveness to identify fault rates of test suite; an algorithm for test suite reduction based on priority of requirements; a low cost framework to identify the execution of test cases with minimum budget. Thus, the proposed work defines a test suite that has high fault detection effectiveness providing maximum coverage to requirements at minimum cost of execution.
Artifact Facet Ranking and It’s Applications
As the e-commerce is gaining popularity various customer surveys of objects are currently accessible on the Internet. These surveys are frequently disordered, prompting challenges in knowledge discovery and object assessment. This article proposes an object feature positioning skeleton, which consequently recognizes the critical features of an object from online customer surveys. The critical object features are recognized focused around two perceptions: 1) they are normally commented extensively by customers and 2) customer suppositions on the critical feature significantly impact their general assessments on the object. Specifically, given the customer surveys of an item, we first extract the object feature by a shallow reliance parser and focus customer suppositions on these features through an opinion characterizer. We then create a probabilistic object feature positioning calculation to identify the criticalness of perspectives by at the same time considering feature recurrence and the impact of customer opinion given to every feature over their general opinion. The experimental results on 3 popular products demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Micro-Neuro-Sensor Recording of STN Neurons of the Human Brain
What cause to the neurons of the human brain cells when they are damaged. They become inactive. So damage to subthalamiuc nucleus (STN) neurons of the human brain causing larger involuntary movements and thereby attacking the Parkinson’s disease (PD). Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of bilateral sub thalamic nuclei (STN) is an efficient method of rehabilitation technique in subjects with advanced idiopathic Parkinson’s (or Parkinson) disease. Accurate targeting of STN neurons and placement of microelectrodes/ (neurosensors) are paramount importance for optimal results after STN-DBS method.In this paper, microminiaturized electrode recordings (MER) of STN neurons were detected in a mean of 3.5 ±1.1 channels on right hemisphere and 3.6 ±1.04 on left hemisphere.Final channel selected were most commonly central seen in 42.3% followed by anterior in 33.7%. When a high current is delivered to STN or GPi neurons of basal ganglia (a component of human brain), causing their inhibition and improved indication of symptoms. It is now known that there is a significant change in the firing pattern and a reorganization of the entire basal ganglia circuit with DBS. The MER of STN neurons has identified a specific high frequency irregular larger amplitude firing patterns seen only in disease states and hence used to detect the neurons of ST nucleus during functional surgery. Microelectrode recording is so useful to confirm the right path but has to be taken in consideration with effects on macro stimulation.
EDM: Finding Answers to Reduce Dropout Rates in Schools
The focus of this paper is to get a bird's eye view of the various factors that could be analyzed to present schools and governments timely indicators of school dropouts. With the help of EDM, one could have access to enormous amounts of data. The crux of the matter would be to identify the data in line with plans and ideas that would eventually lead to the formulation of policies that enhance the teaching and learning process.
Analysis of Effort Estimation Model in Traditional and Agile (USING METRICS ...
Agile software development has been gaining popularity and replacing the traditional methods of developing software. However, estimating the size and effort in Agile software development still remains a challenge. Measurement practices in agile methods are more important than traditional methods, because lack of appropriate an effective measurement practices will increase the risk of project. This paper discuss about traditional and agile effort estimation model, and analysis done on how the metrics are used in estimation process. The paper also suggeststo use object point and use case point to improve accuracy of effort in agile software development.
Multi-Biometric Authentication through Hybrid Cryptographic System
In most of the real time scenario, authentication is required very much so as to enable the person to access a private database of any type. Researchers have started using biometric traits for the authenticity of a person. The various biometrics traits available are face, iris, palm print, hand geometry, fingerprint, ear etc., But the application that uses a single biometric trait often have to challenge with noisy data, restricted degrees of autonomy, non-universality of the biometric trait and intolerable error rates. Multi biometric systems seem to lighten these drawbacks by providing multiple verification of the same personality. Biometric fusion is the use of multiple biometric inputs or methods of processing to improve performance. In this paper, a novel combination of Multi biometric fusion, Symmetric Cryptography and Asymmetric Cryptography is proposed. A fused biometric image is encrypted using Advanced Encryption Standard whose secret key is in turn encrypted using elliptic curve cryptography which is considered as one of the efficient Asymmetric cryptographic algorithms. As the symmetric cryptographic algorithms involve in key exchange mechanism, the secret key is proposed to be secured by using ECC. Hence, the system proposed is expected to be more secured to store the biometric traits of an individual.
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The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
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Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
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