Oracle Approval Management Engine (AME) defines approval rules and processes for transactions in Oracle applications. Key concepts include:
1) Approval rules specify conditions and actions that determine a transaction's approval process.
2) Transaction types categorize transactions that require distinct approval rules.
3) AME generates approver lists and productions to specify approvers and assign variable values for a transaction.
4) At runtime, the integrating application communicates with AME to manage approval processes, and AME recalculates approver lists as approvals are received.
The document provides an overview of Oracle Approval Management Engine (AME) concepts including:
- AME enables defining approval rules and processes for Oracle applications based on conditions and actions.
- Transaction types separate transactions into categories that may require distinct approval rules.
- A transaction's approval process includes an approver list and productions that can assign values to variables.
- At runtime, AME evaluates rules and recalculates approver lists as attribute values and data change to account for the most current situation.
Oracle Approvals Management (AME) is a web application that allows users to define business rules for approving transactions in Oracle Applications without custom coding. It manages approvals by communicating with applications once rules are defined. AME enables self-service definition of approval processes based on attributes, conditions, actions, groups, rules, classes and parallel processes. This chapter introduces AME and provides an overview of its key components and runtime functionality.
This document provides instructions for setting up Oracle Approvals Management Engine (AME) to handle purchase requisition approval workflows in Oracle E-Business Suite. It describes assigning AME roles to users, granting users access to transaction types, and configuring AME attributes, conditions, action types, and rules to determine the approval process for purchase requisitions based on item details. Screenshots are provided from the 11i version of AME but most details apply to later versions as well.
The document outlines the end-to-end AME configuration process for setting up approval workflows in Oracle Applications. It describes 12 steps, including logging in as the system administrator, defining attributes, conditions, action types, approver groups, and rules. It also demonstrates creating a sample requisition, and showing how the approval notifications are routed serially to the two approvers as defined in the workflow setup. On approval of the requisition by both approvers, the status is updated to 'Approved' and notification is sent to the requester.
The document describes Oracle's purchasing requisition approval workflow. It discusses two methods for routing document approvals: approval hierarchies using job/position relationships, and employee/supervisor relationships from HR data. It provides details on setting up approval limits, hierarchies, and examples of how requisitions are routed through the approval process.
The document provides an overview of Oracle Approval Management Engine (AME) concepts including:
- AME enables defining approval rules and processes for Oracle applications based on conditions and actions.
- Transaction types separate transactions into categories that may require distinct approval rules.
- A transaction's approval process includes an approver list and productions that can assign values to variables.
- At runtime, AME evaluates rules and recalculates approver lists as attribute values and data change to account for the most current situation.
Oracle Approvals Management (AME) is a web application that allows users to define business rules for approving transactions in Oracle Applications without custom coding. It manages approvals by communicating with applications once rules are defined. AME enables self-service definition of approval processes based on attributes, conditions, actions, groups, rules, classes and parallel processes. This chapter introduces AME and provides an overview of its key components and runtime functionality.
This document provides instructions for setting up Oracle Approvals Management Engine (AME) to handle purchase requisition approval workflows in Oracle E-Business Suite. It describes assigning AME roles to users, granting users access to transaction types, and configuring AME attributes, conditions, action types, and rules to determine the approval process for purchase requisitions based on item details. Screenshots are provided from the 11i version of AME but most details apply to later versions as well.
The document outlines the end-to-end AME configuration process for setting up approval workflows in Oracle Applications. It describes 12 steps, including logging in as the system administrator, defining attributes, conditions, action types, approver groups, and rules. It also demonstrates creating a sample requisition, and showing how the approval notifications are routed serially to the two approvers as defined in the workflow setup. On approval of the requisition by both approvers, the status is updated to 'Approved' and notification is sent to the requester.
The document describes Oracle's purchasing requisition approval workflow. It discusses two methods for routing document approvals: approval hierarchies using job/position relationships, and employee/supervisor relationships from HR data. It provides details on setting up approval limits, hierarchies, and examples of how requisitions are routed through the approval process.
Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris : Ajouter la performance à l'AssistanceFondation iFRAP
Un budget de 6,5 milliards d'euros pour la plus grande entité hospitalière d'Europe avec plus de 90.000 personnels répartis en 37 hôpitaux à Paris et en Île-de-France, l'Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) en impose par ces chiffres. Mais derrière la masse se cache une organisation en péril qui affiche un déficit annuel de 95 millions d'euros et perd des parts de marché. En effet, l'AP délivre aujourd'hui seulement 26,5% des soins hospitaliers en Ile-de-France. Malgré sa renommée pour des soins de haute technicité comme les greffes et sa place dans la recherche médicale, l'AP-HP est bien connue aussi pour ses grèves et manifestations à répétition. Elle semble d'ailleurs en crise permanente. L'instabilité de son haut management – son directeur général est remplacé tous les 3,5 ans en moyenne – et les conflits permanents entre sa direction et son conseil d'administration paraissent incompatibles avec la gestion d'un organisme de cette taille et de cette complexité. Encore moins quand des réformes de fond sont indispensables et urgentes. Il semblerait que l'AP-HP se soit engluée dans la bureaucratie et la mauvaise gestion. Elle compte 115% de personnels de direction de plus que la moyenne des hôpitaux publics, par exemple, et un absentéisme inconnu ailleurs dans la fonction publique qui est en moyenne, selon la Cour des comptes, de 27 jours par an et par agent. Pourtant, la réussite de l'AP-HP concerne directement les habitants d'Île-de-France, mais aussi tous les Français pour lesquels l'AP-HP est souvent un recours.
Sommaire du dossier :
- Un domaine en évolution technique et organisationnelle très rapide
- Une structure hospitalière de taille unique dans le monde
- Minoritaire sur le marché des soins de l'Île-de-France
- Plus coûteuse que ses concurrents privés
- Plus coûteuse que ses homologues publics de province
- Un organisme sous influence des responsables politiques
- Les cinq rigidités de l'AP-HP
- Les cinq réformes indispensables
Este documento presenta varios atractivos turísticos populares en el estado de Veracruz, México. Entre ellos se encuentran Los Portales, un punto de encuentro social y político conocido por su café y música; el Acuario de Veracruz, donde se puede observar flora y fauna marina; y el Fuerte de San Juan de Ulúa, una fortaleza histórica. También se mencionan El Malecón, un paseo marítimo con bares y espectáculos, y la ciudad de Tlacotalpan, conocida por sus construcciones de
The document provides an overview of key information to know. It discusses how to prepare for an important meeting by reviewing any background materials beforehand and thinking about what questions you may have. Additionally, it stresses the importance of being on time and paying attention during the meeting.
1. The time it takes for an ice cream to fall to the ground is 3.2 seconds.
2. The height of a building calculated using the kinematic equation is 500 meters.
3. The initial velocity of an object thrown in the air was 30 m/s and the time it was in the air was 3 seconds.
The document analyzes the cover and contents pages of several music magazines. It identifies various signs used on the pages, including symbolic signs like the use of feminine pink colors on one cover targeting female audiences. Indexical signs directly point to content, like large images of musicians indicating an emphasis on music. Iconic signs represent concepts through images, such as a magazine masthead being iconic of the brand. The analysis considers both oppositional and preferred readings of the signs.
Avoimet innovaatiot tietoyhteiskunnan eteenpäin vievänä voimanaOtto Kekäläinen
Tampereen yliopiston ITIP3-kurssilla 27.11.2014 pidetty luento. Kertoo avoimesta lähdekoodista, avoimesta datasta, standardeista ja rajapinnoista - yhteiskunnallisesta näkökulmasta.
Rob Elder is the director of Consultancy Design & Build and will be giving 11 presentations on the future of data centers. The document discusses the evolution of data center design and efficiency over time, with early award winners achieving PUEs of 1.4 down to 1.16. It also outlines increasing trends in data center size, power capacity, resilience, and rack power density. The future is predicted to include greater use of renewable energy sources, increased data center growth in emerging markets like China, and more tailored physical infrastructure depending on the specific application and need for resilience versus performance.
International Steam House Atlantis will offer Russian banya, Finnish sauna, and Turkish hamam bathing traditions. It will be jointly owned by three investors, with Svetlana Pushkareva investing $70,000 for a 51% stake and responsibility for financial and technical operations. Melissa Medina will invest $30,000 for a 25% stake and oversee marketing and management. A third silent partner will invest $200,000 for a 24% stake. The business aims to incorporate international bathing cultures for health and wellness, targeting those with household incomes over $30,000. It projects annual gross income of $495,000, expenses of $302,185, and net income of $84,
Un sistema operativo es un programa que gestiona los recursos del hardware y provee servicios a los programas de aplicación. Microsoft Windows es uno de los sistemas operativos más usados, evolucionando desde 1985 hasta versiones actuales como Windows 8. Linux es un sistema operativo libre basado en Unix desarrollado de forma colaborativa.
A charming destination, Coorg spills many thrills to the holiday goer.
http://www.thrillophilia.com/coorg-packages
It is located in Karnataka and is close to Mysore and Bangalore. This is where one can bask in a pleasant weather, green hills, misty atmosphere, coffee plantations and cascading waterfalls.
Get a true feel of the destination with the Coorg packages. These include Trekking at Thandiyendamol, Trekking at Pushpagiri, Camping in Coorg, Wildlife Safari in Nagarahole, White-Water Rafting at Dubare, Barapole Rafting, Plantation Walk, Angling at Valnoor, Boating in Honnamana Kere Lake and more.
These are the slides of the workshop I presented at XP Days Benelux together with Marco Calzolari. The material created by the participants is at the end...
Projeto de Ambientação l Nova Granja Comary I 2014p_brands
O Mundial de 2014 proporcionou aos jogadores um dos mais avançados Centros
de Treinamento do mundo.
Sede da Confederação Brasileira de Futebol (CBF), a Granja, que fica em
Teresópolis, foi inteiramente repaginada. A nós, coube a elaboração da nova
ambientação e a sinalização.
Inaugurada pela seleção brasileira masculina de futebol, a nova Granja Comary
obedece aos mais altos padrões de qualidade.
Mas não é só em estrutura e equipamentos que o CT se destaca, a ambientação e
a sinalização também apresentam um elevado nível de excelência.
El documento proporciona información sobre cómo identificar la idea principal en un texto. Explica que la idea principal resume el texto en una oración corta, mientras que el tema se refiere a lo que trata el texto en general. Además, ofrece ejemplos de cómo encontrar la idea principal explícita o implícita y diferenciarla de ideas secundarias.
El documento describe los conceptos y procesos fundamentales del diseño de iluminación teatral. Explica los tipos de focos usados, incluyendo elipsoidales, seguidores, fresneles y PAR. Detalla las etapas del proceso creativo como la concepción de la visualidad, los bocetos de iluminación, la planta de luces y el guion de luces. El objetivo final es construir imágenes a través de la luz que apoyen los conceptos, lenguaje y objetivos de la obra.
This study investigated the effects of various plant defense hormones and wounding on the levels of triterpene glycosides (actein and deoxyactein) in black cohosh rhizomes. Salicylic acid treatment significantly increased the levels of both actein and deoxyactein compared to untreated controls, suggesting salicylic acid plays a role in regulating the synthesis of these secondary metabolites. Jasmonic acid, ethylene, and wounding had no significant effect on actein or deoxyactein levels. Increasing glycoside levels through salicylic acid treatment could help supply the herbal supplement industry while also helping to conserve wild black cohosh populations.
The document provides an overview of Oracle Approval Management Engine (AME) concepts including:
- AME enables defining approval rules and processes for Oracle applications based on conditions and actions.
- Transaction types separate transactions into categories that may require different approval rules.
- A transaction's approval process includes an approver list and productions that can assign values to variables.
- At runtime, AME evaluates rules and recalculates approver lists as approvals are received to account for changes.
This document provides instructions for setting up Oracle Approvals Management (AME) to handle purchase requisition approvals in Oracle E-Business Suite. It describes assigning AME roles to users, granting access to transaction types, and configuring AME attributes, conditions, rules, and approval groups. It also explains how to test the AME setup and enable AME approvals for purchase requisitions.
Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris : Ajouter la performance à l'AssistanceFondation iFRAP
Un budget de 6,5 milliards d'euros pour la plus grande entité hospitalière d'Europe avec plus de 90.000 personnels répartis en 37 hôpitaux à Paris et en Île-de-France, l'Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) en impose par ces chiffres. Mais derrière la masse se cache une organisation en péril qui affiche un déficit annuel de 95 millions d'euros et perd des parts de marché. En effet, l'AP délivre aujourd'hui seulement 26,5% des soins hospitaliers en Ile-de-France. Malgré sa renommée pour des soins de haute technicité comme les greffes et sa place dans la recherche médicale, l'AP-HP est bien connue aussi pour ses grèves et manifestations à répétition. Elle semble d'ailleurs en crise permanente. L'instabilité de son haut management – son directeur général est remplacé tous les 3,5 ans en moyenne – et les conflits permanents entre sa direction et son conseil d'administration paraissent incompatibles avec la gestion d'un organisme de cette taille et de cette complexité. Encore moins quand des réformes de fond sont indispensables et urgentes. Il semblerait que l'AP-HP se soit engluée dans la bureaucratie et la mauvaise gestion. Elle compte 115% de personnels de direction de plus que la moyenne des hôpitaux publics, par exemple, et un absentéisme inconnu ailleurs dans la fonction publique qui est en moyenne, selon la Cour des comptes, de 27 jours par an et par agent. Pourtant, la réussite de l'AP-HP concerne directement les habitants d'Île-de-France, mais aussi tous les Français pour lesquels l'AP-HP est souvent un recours.
Sommaire du dossier :
- Un domaine en évolution technique et organisationnelle très rapide
- Une structure hospitalière de taille unique dans le monde
- Minoritaire sur le marché des soins de l'Île-de-France
- Plus coûteuse que ses concurrents privés
- Plus coûteuse que ses homologues publics de province
- Un organisme sous influence des responsables politiques
- Les cinq rigidités de l'AP-HP
- Les cinq réformes indispensables
Este documento presenta varios atractivos turísticos populares en el estado de Veracruz, México. Entre ellos se encuentran Los Portales, un punto de encuentro social y político conocido por su café y música; el Acuario de Veracruz, donde se puede observar flora y fauna marina; y el Fuerte de San Juan de Ulúa, una fortaleza histórica. También se mencionan El Malecón, un paseo marítimo con bares y espectáculos, y la ciudad de Tlacotalpan, conocida por sus construcciones de
The document provides an overview of key information to know. It discusses how to prepare for an important meeting by reviewing any background materials beforehand and thinking about what questions you may have. Additionally, it stresses the importance of being on time and paying attention during the meeting.
1. The time it takes for an ice cream to fall to the ground is 3.2 seconds.
2. The height of a building calculated using the kinematic equation is 500 meters.
3. The initial velocity of an object thrown in the air was 30 m/s and the time it was in the air was 3 seconds.
The document analyzes the cover and contents pages of several music magazines. It identifies various signs used on the pages, including symbolic signs like the use of feminine pink colors on one cover targeting female audiences. Indexical signs directly point to content, like large images of musicians indicating an emphasis on music. Iconic signs represent concepts through images, such as a magazine masthead being iconic of the brand. The analysis considers both oppositional and preferred readings of the signs.
Avoimet innovaatiot tietoyhteiskunnan eteenpäin vievänä voimanaOtto Kekäläinen
Tampereen yliopiston ITIP3-kurssilla 27.11.2014 pidetty luento. Kertoo avoimesta lähdekoodista, avoimesta datasta, standardeista ja rajapinnoista - yhteiskunnallisesta näkökulmasta.
Rob Elder is the director of Consultancy Design & Build and will be giving 11 presentations on the future of data centers. The document discusses the evolution of data center design and efficiency over time, with early award winners achieving PUEs of 1.4 down to 1.16. It also outlines increasing trends in data center size, power capacity, resilience, and rack power density. The future is predicted to include greater use of renewable energy sources, increased data center growth in emerging markets like China, and more tailored physical infrastructure depending on the specific application and need for resilience versus performance.
International Steam House Atlantis will offer Russian banya, Finnish sauna, and Turkish hamam bathing traditions. It will be jointly owned by three investors, with Svetlana Pushkareva investing $70,000 for a 51% stake and responsibility for financial and technical operations. Melissa Medina will invest $30,000 for a 25% stake and oversee marketing and management. A third silent partner will invest $200,000 for a 24% stake. The business aims to incorporate international bathing cultures for health and wellness, targeting those with household incomes over $30,000. It projects annual gross income of $495,000, expenses of $302,185, and net income of $84,
Un sistema operativo es un programa que gestiona los recursos del hardware y provee servicios a los programas de aplicación. Microsoft Windows es uno de los sistemas operativos más usados, evolucionando desde 1985 hasta versiones actuales como Windows 8. Linux es un sistema operativo libre basado en Unix desarrollado de forma colaborativa.
A charming destination, Coorg spills many thrills to the holiday goer.
http://www.thrillophilia.com/coorg-packages
It is located in Karnataka and is close to Mysore and Bangalore. This is where one can bask in a pleasant weather, green hills, misty atmosphere, coffee plantations and cascading waterfalls.
Get a true feel of the destination with the Coorg packages. These include Trekking at Thandiyendamol, Trekking at Pushpagiri, Camping in Coorg, Wildlife Safari in Nagarahole, White-Water Rafting at Dubare, Barapole Rafting, Plantation Walk, Angling at Valnoor, Boating in Honnamana Kere Lake and more.
These are the slides of the workshop I presented at XP Days Benelux together with Marco Calzolari. The material created by the participants is at the end...
Projeto de Ambientação l Nova Granja Comary I 2014p_brands
O Mundial de 2014 proporcionou aos jogadores um dos mais avançados Centros
de Treinamento do mundo.
Sede da Confederação Brasileira de Futebol (CBF), a Granja, que fica em
Teresópolis, foi inteiramente repaginada. A nós, coube a elaboração da nova
ambientação e a sinalização.
Inaugurada pela seleção brasileira masculina de futebol, a nova Granja Comary
obedece aos mais altos padrões de qualidade.
Mas não é só em estrutura e equipamentos que o CT se destaca, a ambientação e
a sinalização também apresentam um elevado nível de excelência.
El documento proporciona información sobre cómo identificar la idea principal en un texto. Explica que la idea principal resume el texto en una oración corta, mientras que el tema se refiere a lo que trata el texto en general. Además, ofrece ejemplos de cómo encontrar la idea principal explícita o implícita y diferenciarla de ideas secundarias.
El documento describe los conceptos y procesos fundamentales del diseño de iluminación teatral. Explica los tipos de focos usados, incluyendo elipsoidales, seguidores, fresneles y PAR. Detalla las etapas del proceso creativo como la concepción de la visualidad, los bocetos de iluminación, la planta de luces y el guion de luces. El objetivo final es construir imágenes a través de la luz que apoyen los conceptos, lenguaje y objetivos de la obra.
This study investigated the effects of various plant defense hormones and wounding on the levels of triterpene glycosides (actein and deoxyactein) in black cohosh rhizomes. Salicylic acid treatment significantly increased the levels of both actein and deoxyactein compared to untreated controls, suggesting salicylic acid plays a role in regulating the synthesis of these secondary metabolites. Jasmonic acid, ethylene, and wounding had no significant effect on actein or deoxyactein levels. Increasing glycoside levels through salicylic acid treatment could help supply the herbal supplement industry while also helping to conserve wild black cohosh populations.
The document provides an overview of Oracle Approval Management Engine (AME) concepts including:
- AME enables defining approval rules and processes for Oracle applications based on conditions and actions.
- Transaction types separate transactions into categories that may require different approval rules.
- A transaction's approval process includes an approver list and productions that can assign values to variables.
- At runtime, AME evaluates rules and recalculates approver lists as approvals are received to account for changes.
This document provides instructions for setting up Oracle Approvals Management (AME) to handle purchase requisition approvals in Oracle E-Business Suite. It describes assigning AME roles to users, granting access to transaction types, and configuring AME attributes, conditions, rules, and approval groups. It also explains how to test the AME setup and enable AME approvals for purchase requisitions.
This document provides an overview of requisition approval using Oracle Approvals Management (AME) within the Oracle eBusiness Suite. It describes the key concepts and components of AME including transaction types, attributes, conditions, actions, rules, and configuration variables. It also covers the requisition approval process flow, setup requirements in core purchasing, and parallelization concepts supported in later releases of AME.
This document provides an overview of Oracle's Approvals Management Engine (AME). AME allows organizations to define automated approval processes and rules for transactions processed in Oracle E-Business Suite applications. It provides a framework for specifying approval rules using components like transaction types, attributes, conditions, actions, and approver groups. The document explains how to configure AME for a sample transaction type, purchase requisition approval, using these components. It also outlines the basic structure and components of AME, how applications integrate with AME, and the advantages it provides for approval automation.
Oracle Approvals Management (AME) is a tool that defines approval rules and processes for Oracle applications. It determines the approvers for a transaction based on attributes and conditions. AME generates an approver list, returns the next approver, and tracks the approval statuses. Key components of AME include transaction types, attributes, conditions, actions, approver groups, and rules. Rules associate conditions with actions to define the approval process. AME helps standardize and automate approvals across various modules and applications.
The document provides an overview of the technical architecture of OpenIAM, an identity and access management solution. The architecture includes key components like an enterprise service bus, business process engine, messaging, scripting, presentation tier, security architecture, and more. OpenIAM takes a service-oriented approach and exposes over 30 services through the ESB for features like user management, authorization, provisioning, and reporting.
Business Systems Analyst Interview Questions and AnswersHireQuotient
The Business Systems Analyst plays a crucial role in bridging the gap between business needs and technical solutions within an organization. They are responsible for analyzing business processes, identifying system requirements, and facilitating the successful implementation of technology solutions.
The questions are designed to assess a candidate's knowledge, skills, and experience in these areas, enabling you to identify top candidates who can effectively analyze and optimize business systems to drive operational efficiency and meet organizational goals.
To read the full QnA article, visit https://www.hirequotient.com/blog/business-systems-analyst-interview-questions-and-answers
The document discusses the setup and configuration of credit checking in Oracle Order Management, including defining credit check rules, setting the credit check level at the order or line level, determining whether to use real-time or pre-calculated exposure amounts, and options for overriding manual releases of credit holds and defining conversion types between currencies. Credit checking in Oracle Order Management validates orders and lines against credit limits and business rules to determine if customers have sufficient available credit to process orders in advance of payment.
Sure Transports is an add-on for SAP that introduces a Change Control System that integrates with the existing Transport System that already exists in SAP and provides Companies with tighter Controls and greater Transparency of their Development Lifecycles and Transport Processes
Evaluating Service Organization Control ReportsJay Crossland
Service Organization Control (SOC) reports evaluate the controls at service organizations and their impact on user entities. With the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, user entities were required to thoroughly evaluate SOC reports from their service organizations. However, most user entities do not fully understand SOC reports and how to properly assess them. A comprehensive evaluation of a SOC report examines factors like the scope, standards used, control objectives tested, and any issues or deficiencies identified.
Oracle Procurement Cloud Release 8 includes several new features across Oracle Fusion Self Service Procurement, Oracle Fusion Purchasing, Oracle Fusion Sourcing, and Oracle Fusion Supplier Model. Key updates include simplified approval rules management in Self Service Procurement and Purchasing, new analytics for line of business managers, expanded descriptive flexfields in Sourcing, and updated supplier registration approval rules in the Supplier Model. Many of the new features are automatically enabled after upgrade, while some require additional configuration by administrators.
This document provides an overview and instructions for configuring security in Aasonn Onboarding. It discusses groups and roles, and how they control user permissions. Groups are assigned roles that determine what activities users can perform. The document also covers managing users, assigning them to groups, and setting relations and attributes to filter what data they can access. Mass importing and resetting passwords for users is also addressed. The goal is to help administrators understand how to structure security settings to control what each user can do within the onboarding system.
This document discusses approaches to qualifying and validating middleware and service-oriented architectures. It begins by defining middleware and service-oriented architecture. It then explains that traditional validation approaches do not work for these complex technologies due to their interconnected nature. The document proposes a risk-based approach involving three questions to evaluate each service and determine the appropriate validation or qualification method. Based on the answers, services would fall into fundamental, medium, or advanced categories requiring different deliverables and levels of testing to ensure compliance. Following this methodology allows for a compliant yet pragmatic validation approach tailored to each service.
The document discusses several topics related to software development and IT systems:
- Agile approach is an iterative software development methodology where cross-functional teams work collaboratively to develop software solutions incrementally. Scrum is a popular agile method.
- An agile organization is quick to respond to changes through customized offerings, collaboration, learning from experiments, and long-term business value.
- Ajax updates parts of web pages asynchronously without reloading the whole page for better user experience.
Dimension data pursuing compliance in public cloud white paperJason Cumberland
This document discusses various compliance standards that organizations should consider when moving IT assets or applications to the public cloud, including SSAE 16, PCI DSS, HIPAA, ISO 27001, and others. It provides an overview of each standard, including whether it involves attestation or certification, relevance for service providers versus enterprises, approximate costs, and best practices for developing a compliance strategy. The key takeaway is that organizations need to determine which standards are relevant based on their business and clients, as pursuing all standards can add unnecessary complexity and cost.
The document discusses challenges in specifying software systems and separating business rules from requirements. It provides an overview of capturing and documenting business rules, and using a requirements framework with traceability between rules and requirements. Process flows and use cases are examples given of where to identify business rules. The key point is that rules of decisions are not requirements, and managing them separately but traceably provides accuracy and agility.
All of us must have heard this proverb umpteen number of times in our lives. However, when it comes to elicitation, we tend to forget the same.Elicitation is possibly the most important job we business analysts do. I am surprised that many of us understand only few facets of elicitation such as requirements gathering and recording.Elicitation is much more than requirements gathering and recording. A good elicitation activity can significantly reduce effort in changes in requirements and subsequent changes to design, construction and testing activities.Here is an attempt to make our elicitation exercises more effective.
Superpower Your Apache Kafka Applications Development with Complementary Open...Paul Brebner
Kafka Summit talk (Bangalore, India, May 2, 2024, https://events.bizzabo.com/573863/agenda/session/1300469 )
Many Apache Kafka use cases take advantage of Kafka’s ability to integrate multiple heterogeneous systems for stream processing and real-time machine learning scenarios. But Kafka also exists in a rich ecosystem of related but complementary stream processing technologies and tools, particularly from the open-source community. In this talk, we’ll take you on a tour of a selection of complementary tools that can make Kafka even more powerful. We’ll focus on tools for stream processing and querying, streaming machine learning, stream visibility and observation, stream meta-data, stream visualisation, stream development including testing and the use of Generative AI and LLMs, and stream performance and scalability. By the end you will have a good idea of the types of Kafka “superhero” tools that exist, which are my favourites (and what superpowers they have), and how they combine to save your Kafka applications development universe from swamploads of data stagnation monsters!
Alluxio Webinar | 10x Faster Trino Queries on Your Data PlatformAlluxio, Inc.
Alluxio Webinar
June. 18, 2024
For more Alluxio Events: https://www.alluxio.io/events/
Speaker:
- Jianjian Xie (Staff Software Engineer, Alluxio)
As Trino users increasingly rely on cloud object storage for retrieving data, speed and cloud cost have become major challenges. The separation of compute and storage creates latency challenges when querying datasets; scanning data between storage and compute tiers becomes I/O bound. On the other hand, cloud API costs related to GET/LIST operations and cross-region data transfer add up quickly.
The newly introduced Trino file system cache by Alluxio aims to overcome the above challenges. In this session, Jianjian will dive into Trino data caching strategies, the latest test results, and discuss the multi-level caching architecture. This architecture makes Trino 10x faster for data lakes of any scale, from GB to EB.
What you will learn:
- Challenges relating to the speed and costs of running Trino in the cloud
- The new Trino file system cache feature overview, including the latest development status and test results
- A multi-level cache framework for maximized speed, including Trino file system cache and Alluxio distributed cache
- Real-world cases, including a large online payment firm and a top ridesharing company
- The future roadmap of Trino file system cache and Trino-Alluxio integration
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1. Oracle Approval Management Engine Concepts
Ranu Srivastava- Oracle Apps Consultant http://apps2fusion.com
Overview of Oracle Approvals Management ........................................................................................1
Implementing Oracle Approvals Management ......................................................................................5
Implementing Tasks Approvals Management.......................................................................................6
Implementing the Transaction Type ......................................................................................7
Attributes .............................................................................................................................8
Required Attributes.................................................................................................................9
How does AME use Attributes?.............................................................................................9
Planning Your Test Cases (test on AME work Bench) ..........................................................12
Administration...........................................................................................................................12
Example of Setting Approval rules....................................................................................................13
Administration ...............................................................................................................................14
Overview of Oracle Approvals Management
The purpose of Oracle Approvals Management (AME) is to define approval rules that determine the
approval processes for Oracle applications..
Approval Rules
2. Oracle Approval Management Engine Concepts
Ranu Srivastava- Oracle Apps Consultant http://apps2fusion.com
An approval rule is a business rule that helps determine a transaction’s approval process. Rules are
constructed from conditions and actions.
The approval rule’s if part consists of zero or more conditions, and its then part consists of one or
more actions. A condition consists of a business variable (in AME, an attribute) and
a set of attribute values, any one of which makes the condition true. An action tells AME to modify
a transaction’s approval process in some fashion
AME enables you to define rules that express a wide variety of approval rules. For example, rules
that:
• Require subject-matter-expert approval
• Require managerial approval
• Create exceptions for rules requiring managerial approval
• Substitute one approver for another in special cases
• Revoke a manager’s signing authority in special cases
• Grant a manager extra signing authority in special cases
• Generate a production that assigns a value to a variable name such as the value digital certificate
to the variable name eSignature.
• Send for-your-information notifications.
You can prioritize the approval rules. This enables you to apply rules of sufficient priority to any
given transaction.
Transaction Types
An application that uses AME to govern its transactions’ approval processes is termed an
integrating application. An integrating application may divide its transactions into
several categories where each category requires a distinct set of approval rules. Each set of rules is
called a transaction type. Different transaction types can use the same attribute name to represent
values that are calculated in different ways or fetched from different places. This allows several
transaction types to share approval rules (thereby implementing a uniform approval policy across
multiple
transaction types). A rule use occurs when a transaction type uses a particular rule for a given time
period, optionally at a given priority level.
A transaction’s approval process can have two components:
• List of approvers
3. Oracle Approval Management Engine Concepts
Ranu Srivastava- Oracle Apps Consultant http://apps2fusion.com
• Set of productions
Approver Lists
A transaction’s approver list has a hierarchical structure. The transaction’s approver list may contain
several items’ approver lists. Each item’s approver list may have three
sub-lists. Of these sub-lists, the authority sub-list can have a chain of authority generated by one or
more action types. Each approver group or chain of authority can contain multiple approvers.
Items
AME can generate an approver list for a transaction’s header, and a separate approver list for each
item in the transaction. A transaction type can define multiple item
classes. For example, a transaction type might generate separate approver lists for each
transaction’s header, line items, and cost centers. All transaction types include a
header item class, which always has one item (the transaction’s header). All other item classes are
optional.
Sub-Lists
An item’s approver list may contain three sub-lists:
• Pre-chain of authority
• Authority
• Post-chain of authority
The pre- and post-chain sub-lists contain zero or more approver groups; the authority sub-list
contains zero or more chains of authority.
Action Types
An action type is a set of actions having a common purpose. Each sub-list can contain approver
groups or chains of authority generated by several action types. For
example, actions in the absolute-job-level action type all generate chains of authority by ascending
the HR supervisory hierarchy until they reach a manager with a particular job level.
The actions differ according to the job levels they require.
Approver Groups
An approver group is a collection of approvers that you define. Typically, approver groups contain
subject-matter experts.
Chains of Authority
A chain of authority ascends a hierarchy of approvers that are normally defined in applications other
than AME, for example HRMS (supervisor position hierarchies). The
start point of the chain, and how far it ascends the hierarchy, usually varies between transactions.
You can also treat an approver group as a chain of authority. In this
case AME ignores the approver group’s group-specific properties. Generally, chains of authority
contain managers. Approver groups and chains of authority behave differently in certain
circumstances.
For example, when one approver forwards a notification requesting approval to another approver.
Otherwise, approver groups and chains of authority behave similarly.
Approvers
An approver has the following two properties:
• Approver Types
An approver type is any Workflow Directory Services originating system that defines entities, which
can receive Workflow notifications requesting an approval. For
example, the HR application defines its set of employees as a Directory Services originating
system, so an HR employee can be an approver.
• Approver Categories
AME can generate approvers belonging to either of two approver categories: action and
informational (for-your-information or FYI) approvers. Action approvers must
approve a transaction. FYI approvers merely receive a notification describing the transaction. The
exact content of all notifications depends on the application that
generates the notification.
Productions
4. Oracle Approval Management Engine Concepts
Ranu Srivastava- Oracle Apps Consultant http://apps2fusion.com
In AME, a production assigns a value to a variable name. For example, AME might generate a
production that assigns the value digital certificate to the variable name
eSignature. AME does not interpret the productions it generates. In fact, AME does not even define
any standard production variable names. Rather, it leaves these tasks
to integrating applications and their transaction types. AME generates two kinds of productions:
• Transaction-level productions that are variable name or value pairs associated with a whole
transaction.
• Approver-level productions are associated with specific approvers within a transaction’s approver
list.
What Happens at Run Time
Once you have defined a set of rules for a transaction type, and the application associated with the
transaction type is configured to use AME, the application communicates directly with AME to
manage the transaction type’s approval processes. Typically, the application communicates with
AME when a transaction is initiated in the application, and then each time an approver responds to
the application’s request for approval of the transaction, until all approvers have approved the
transaction. AME records each approval, and recalculates the approver list for a transaction each
time an approver responds to a request for approval of the transaction.
AME recalculates the approver list each time an approver responds. This enables AME
to account for several possible circumstances that can affect a transaction’s approver list:
• An attribute value changes, thereby affecting which conditions are true and so which
rules apply to the transaction.
• A condition or rule is added, changed, or deleted, again affecting which rules apply
to the transaction.
• A change occurs in the organizational hierarchy used by the transaction type’s set of
rules, thereby changing the membership of the applicable chain of authority.
• Currency exchange rates change, thereby affecting which conditions on currency
attributes are true and so which rules apply to the transaction.
By accounting for such changes, AME guarantees that transactions are always approved
according to the most current business data possible.
Approval Process Execution
Approval-Process Execution
Integrating applications can communicate with AME in many different ways. For example, an
integrating application can ask AME for a transaction’s entire approver
list, for the rules satisfied, or for the set of approvers the application should notify next.
The Standard Algorithm
Typically, an integrating application follows a simple procedure for managing a transaction’s
approval process:
1. Ask AME for a transaction’s entire approver list.
2. Display the approver list to the requestor, optionally prompting them to suppress or add
approvers.
3. Communicate any approver suppressions or additions to AME.
4. Ask AME whether the transaction’s approval process is complete, and if not, what approvers (if
any) to notify.
5. If AME indicates that no further approvals are required, stop.
6. Notify any approvers identified by AME in step 5.
7. Wait until an approver responds to a notification.
8. Communicate the response to AME.
9. Go to step 4.
Approver-Notification Order
The order in which AME presents approvers for notification at step 4 of the standard algorithm
depends on a variety of ordering modes and order numbers that together
5. Oracle Approval Management Engine Concepts
Ranu Srivastava- Oracle Apps Consultant http://apps2fusion.com
determine a unique ordering of the approvers in a transaction’s approver list.An ordering mode tells
AME how to order the collections of approvers at a given level of
the hierarchy constituting a transaction’s approver list. For example, the sub-list ordering mode
basically tells AME whether to notify pre-approvers at the same time as authority approvers, all
other things being equal. AME typically uses ordering modes, before a transaction is submitted to
AME for approval, where the number of things to be ordered is unknown. For example the
approvers generated by a particular action type maybe notified sequentially or in parallel.Order
numbers establish a fixed ordering of a collection of approvers at a given level of the hierarchy
constituting a transaction’s approver list, for example, the approvers in an approver group are
assigned order numbers. Order numbers are not necessarily unique. Thus several approvers in an
approver group can have the same order number. AME typically uses order numbers where you
know the number of things to be ordered before a transaction is submitted to AME for approval.
Implementing Oracle Approvals Management
Configuration Variables
The configuration variables you should consider when implementing approvals business
cases are:
• adminApprover
• allowAllApproverTypes
• allowAllItemClassRules
• allowFyiNotifications
• productionFunctionality
• purgeFrequency
6. Oracle Approval Management Engine Concepts
Ranu Srivastava- Oracle Apps Consultant http://apps2fusion.com
• repeatedApprovers
• distributedEnvironment
• currencyConversionWindow
• rulePriorityModes
• forwardingBehaviors
Mandatory Attributes
The mandatory attributes related to implementing approvals business cases are:
• ALLOW_DELETING_RULE_GENERATED_APPROVERS
• ALLOW_REQUESTOR_APPROVAL
• AT_LEAST_ONE_RULE_MUST_APPLY
• EFFECTIVE_RULE_DATE
• EVALUATE_PRIORITIES_PER_ITEM
• REJECTION_RESPONSE
• REPEAT_SUBSTITUTIONS
USE_RESTRICTIVE_ITEM_EVALUATION
• USE_WORKFLOW
• WORKFLOW_ITEM_KEY
• WORKFLOW_ITEM_TYPE
Approver Groups
You must create or include approver groups in your transaction type.
Rules and Rule Use If your organization has more than a few approvals rules, it can be useful to
represent the rules in an approvals matrix or a decision tree. An approvals matrix is just a table that
had one row per rule.
Implementing Tasks Approvals Management
To implement AME, you need to carry out the following steps:
1. Install the application.
AME’s installation routines and administration features determine which applications can use AME.
Installation and administration are typically jobs for a
technical specialist. Installation is generally done only once, and administrative tasks (using AME’s
Administrator Dashboard) are usually only necessary to enable a new
application to use AME, or to access or clear a transaction’s error log.
2. Set up AME security by completing the following:
• Attach the predefined roles to a user or group of users.
AME uses the Role Based Access Model (RBAC) to provide users access to AME functions. This
access model has the following predefined roles:
• Approvals Management Administrator
• Approvals Management Analyst
• Approvals Management System Viewer
• Approvals Management System Administrator
• Approvals Management Process Owner
Each of the five predefined roles has a specific set of functional grants. The grants provide users
access to AME. To enable functional grants, you must assign roles
to users using the User Management page. For information about accessing User Management
page, see: Oracle Applications System Administrator’s Guide
- Security.
Set up user access as follows:
1. Login as Administrator.
2. Select the User Management responsibility.
3. Select the Users page.
4. Search for the user to whom you wish to grant AME roles.
5. In the results table, click Update. In the Update User page, you can view
user details along with a list of roles available to the user.
6. Click Assign Roles.
7. Select the roles from the resulting list and click Apply.
7. Oracle Approval Management Engine Concepts
Ranu Srivastava- Oracle Apps Consultant http://apps2fusion.com
When you assign any of the five predefined roles to a user, you are indirectly assigning AME
responsibilities to the user. Grant data access to users.As AME restricts access to transaction types
using Data Security, you grant users access to the transaction types using the Grants page. Set up
user access as follows:
1. Login as Administrator.
2. Select the Functional Administrator responsibility.
3. Select the Grants tab.
4. Click Create Grant.
5. Select Specific User as grantee type.
6. Select the user as grantee key.
7. Select AME Transaction Types as object:
1. All rows: This grants access to all AME Transaction Types to the User
2. Instance: This grants access to a specific AME Transaction Type
specified by the following parameters: FND_APPLICATION_ID =>
Application ID of the application to which the transaction type belongs
TRANSACTION_TYPE_ID => Unique identifier of the AME Transaction
type within application
3. Instance set: This grants access to one or more AME Transaction Types
specified by the following parameters:
• Use the predefined instance set AME Transaction Type Instance Set.
• In the next page, select FND_APPLICATION_ID as Parameter1
and a wild card search string for TRANSACTION_TYPE_ID as
Parameter2.
8. In the next page there will be three options for instance type: select AME
Calling Applications as the permission set.
9. Review and Finish.
3. Set the user profile - AME:Installed
4. Configure transaction types.
An application administrator should review AME’s configuration-variable values as soon as AME is
installed and its security has been set up. AME has the following
kinds of configuration variables:
• Single-Valued Configuration Variables AME’s configuration variable distributedEnvironment has a
single value for the entire application. This variable describe various aspects of AME’s computing
environment. You must set its value for AME to function properly.
• Transaction-Type-Specific Variables
Other AME configuration variables can have a default value, as well as a value
for each transaction type. These variables are:
• adminApprover
• allowAllApproverTypes
• allowAllItemClassRules
• allowFyiNotifications
• currencyConversionWindow
• forwardingBehaviors
• productionFunctionality
• purgeFrequency
• repeatedApprovers
• rulePriorityModes
These variables determine many aspects of how AME generates a transaction type’s approval
processes and are similar to the mandatory attributes. The difference is, their values are always
constant for all transactions in the transaction type. Ensure you are satisfied with these variables’
default values before using AME.
Implementing the Transaction Type
To implement the transaction type, you need to specify or create, if required, the following
components of the approval process:
8. Oracle Approval Management Engine Concepts
Ranu Srivastava- Oracle Apps Consultant http://apps2fusion.com
1. Create item-class use (Optional).
2. Create transaction attributes (Optional). In AME, an attribute is a named business variable such
as TRANSACTION_AMOUNT, whose value AME fetches at run time, when it constructs
transactions’approver lists.
3. Create conditions (Optional). In AME, a condition specifies a list or range of attribute values
required to make a rule apply to a transaction. For example:
Example USD1000 < TRANSACTION_AMOUNT < USD5000
4. Create approver groups (Optional).
You can create AME rules to include one or more approver groups in a transaction’s approver list.
5. Prepare to use the action types. You add action types to a transaction type using the Action
Types tab.
• Predefined action and approver types
• Custom action and approver types
• Add approvals to existing approval types
• Preparing to use the Job-Level approval types
6. Define approval rules.
7. Test approval rules.
8. Create custom transaction types.
9. Configure Oracle applications to use AME.
Running the Approvals Management Post Upgrade Process : Management Post Upgrade
Process concurrent job
Attributes
Attributes are business variables with a single value for a particular transaction.
9. Oracle Approval Management Engine Concepts
Ranu Srivastava- Oracle Apps Consultant http://apps2fusion.com
Eg select item_quantity from some_application_table where transaction_id = :transactio
Mandatory Attributes
ALLOW_DELETING_RULE_GENERATED_APPROVERS
ALLOW_REQUESTOR_APPROVAL
AT_LEAST_ONE_RULE_MUST_APPLY
REJECTION_RESPONSE
USE_RESTRICTIVE_ITEM_EVALUATION
USE_WORKFLOW
WORKFLOW_ITEM_KEY
WORKFLOW_ITEM_TYPE
Required Attributes
ALLOW_EMPTY_APPROVAL_GROUPS
FIRST_STARTING_POINT_PERSON_ID
INCLUDE_ALL_JOB_LEVEL_APPROVERS
TRANSACTION_REQUESTOR_PERSON_ID
How does AME use Attributes?
When AME starts to calculate a transaction’s approver list at run time, it does the following:
1. It fetches the values of each attribute that is active for the transaction type.
2. After fetching all of the active attributes’ values, AME checks whether each of a transaction
type’s rules applies to the transaction.
Conditions
The if part of an approval rule consists of zero or more conditions. A condition is a statement that is
either true or false, for a given transaction.
10. Oracle Approval Management Engine Concepts
Ranu Srivastava- Oracle Apps Consultant http://apps2fusion.com
There are two types of conditions:
• Regular, which has Ordinary and Exception conditions eg 1,000 <= TRANSACTION_AMOUNT <
2,000
• List-modifiers : A list-modification condition checks for the presence of a given target approver at a
specific set of allowed locations in the default approver list. When the target approver is present in
an allowed location, we say that the default approver list satisfies the condition.
Actions
An action is an instruction to AME to modify a transaction’s approval process in the manner you
specify. Every action belongs to an action type. An action type is a collection of actions having
similar functionality
Action type Properties
Name, Action-Type Handlers, Rule Types, Allowed Approver Types, Voting Methods..
11. Oracle Approval Management Engine Concepts
Ranu Srivastava- Oracle Apps Consultant http://apps2fusion.com
Approver Groups An approver group can either be an ordered set of one or more approvers
(persons and/or user accounts) or it can be a list, which is dynamically generated at rule evaluation
time. A typical pre- or post-approval rule adds an approver group’s members (in order) to a
transaction’s approver list.
Example
COMP_APP_1 = {Jim Small} COMP_APP_2 = {COM_APP_1, Jane Smith} COMP_APP_3 =
{COMP_APP_2, Liz Large}
AME would evaluate the membership of COMP_APP_3 to be (Jim Small, Jane Smith, Liz Large}, in
that order.
If ITEM_CATEGORY in {COMPUTER_HARDWARE} and ITEM_AMOUNT <= 1,000
USD then require post-approval from the COMP_APP_1 group.
Example
If ITEM_CATEGORY in {COMPUTER_HARDWARE} and 1,000 USD < ITEM_AMOUNT <= 10,000
USD then require post-approval from the COMP _APP_2 group.
Example
If ITEM_CATEGORY in {COMPUTER_HARDWARE} and 10,000 USD < ITEM_AMOUNT then
require post-approval from the COMP_APP_3 group.
ALLOW_EMPTY_APPROVAL_GROUPS. When this attribute has the value ’true’, AME allows an
approver group not to have any members at run time.
when to use an approver group:
Using Approver groups for Pre- and Post-Approvals
Using Approver groups for Chain of Authority Approvals
Approver Group Properties Name, Description, Voting Regime, Active List(statuc & Dynamic
member list)..
Select ’PER:’||person_id from invoice_table where transaction_id = :transactionId and item_class = :itemClass
and item_id = :itemId
Rules : Creating rules and rule use are the main steps in the AME implementation process. Rule
associate one or more conditions with an approval in an if-then statement. Before you can create
rules, you must create conditions for the rules to use. You may need to create (or have a system
administrator create) some custom attributes and/or approvals. You may also need to create some
approver groups.
12. Oracle Approval Management Engine Concepts
Ranu Srivastava- Oracle Apps Consultant http://apps2fusion.com
Rule Types : There are eight rule types in AME. Seven of them provide rules that participate in
generating transactions’ approver lists; these are the approver-generating rule types. The eighth
generates productions.
• List-creation rules If TRANSACTION_AMOUNT < 1000 USD, then require approvals up to at least
job level 2.
• List-creation exceptions If TRANSACTION_AMOUNT < 500 USD and Exception: COST_CENTER
is in {0743}, then require approvals up to at least job level 1.
• List-modification rules If TRANSACTION_AMOUNT > 1000 USD and the final approver is: Kathy
Mawson, then require approvals at least one level up.
• Substitutions If TRANSACTION_AMOUNT < 500 USD and CATEGORY in
{MISCELLANEOUSOFFICE EXENSES} and any approver is: John Doe, then substitute Jane Smith
for the approver.
• Pre-list approval-group rules If TRANS_AMOUNT < 1000 USD and CATEGORY_NAME in
{Marketing Event}, then require pre-approval from Marketing Approvals Group.
• Post-list approval-group rules
• Combination Rules
• Production Rules
Rule Properties : Actions, Start and End Dates, Item Class
The purpose of rule priorities is to prioritize a transaction type’s rules and, at run time, remove
from the set of rules that would otherwise apply to a transaction, those
rules of insufficient priority. A rule priority is a positive integer associated with a rule within a
transaction type.
Planning Your Test Cases (test on AME work Bench)
While planning you implementation strategy, your implementation document, showing your approval
policies, should specify test cases sufficient to verify that your transaction type does the following
things according to your business rules:
• Fetch correct item IDs.
• Fetch correct attribute values.
• Evaluate the rule use correctly.
• Process the rule use priorities correctly.
• Process production rules and actions correctly.
• Produce the correct default approver list.
• For real transactions, handle inserted approvers correctly.
• For real transactions, handle suppressed approvers correctly.
• Process repeated approvers correctly.
• Parallelize a transaction’s approval process correctly.
• Process forwardings correctly.
Administration
The Administrator Dashboard is available only to users with the Application Administrator
responsibility. You can use this dashboard to maintain AME’s
configuration variables and transaction types. Additionally, you can view and analyze AME’s
runtime exceptions.An AME application administrator has many tasks. As an application
administrator, you can perform the following application and transaction-type administrative tasks:
• Set the configuration variables’ default values (application-wide values)
• Set the transaction type’s configuration variables’ values
• Create a transaction type
• Update a transaction type
• Delete a transaction type
• View the exception log
• Clear the exception log
13. Oracle Approval Management Engine Concepts
Ranu Srivastava- Oracle Apps Consultant http://apps2fusion.com
• Run the Setup report
Example of Setting Approval rules
Step1
Step2
Step3
Step4