The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Community Evolution in the Digital Space and Creation of SocialInformation C...Saptarshi Ghosh
A social homogeneous group can be formed irrespective to geo-spatial contiguity and research reveals that interaction through online communication fosters social behaviours like teamwork, ties, bonding and trust building as well as community building.
a modified weight balanced algorithm for influential users community detectio...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
In the modern era online users are increasing day by day. Different users are using various social networks in different forms. The behavior and attitude of the users of social networking sites varies U2U (User to User). In online social networking users join many groups and communities as per interests and according to the groups’/Communities’ influential user. This paper consist of 7 sections , first section emphasis on introduction to the community evelotion and community. Second section signify movement between communities ,third section involve related work about the research.. Fourth section includes Problem Definition and fifth section involve Methodology (Proposed Algorithm Process ,Get Community Matrix, Community detetcion).Sixth section involve Implementation. Furthermore implementation include Datasets ,Quantitative performance, Graphical Results, Enhancement in the existing work..Last section include Conclusion and then references. In this paper,we are implementing and proposing the community detection in social media .In the proposed we have deployed a Longest Chain Subsequence metric for finding the number of connections to the kernel community.
The science of networks is becoming an increasingly important and intriguing area of study that reveals many a patterns and relationships often hidden. This presentation is about the use of SNA to study the network of the Digital Library Community
Incremental Community Mining in Location-based Social NetworkIJAEMSJORNAL
A social network can be defined as a set of social entities connected by a set of social relations. These relations often change and differ in time. Thus, the fundamental structure of these networks is dynamic and increasingly developing. Investigating how the structure of these networks evolves over the observation time affords visions into their evolution structure, elements that initiate the changes, and finally foresee the future structure of these networks. One of the most relevant properties of networks is their community structure – set of vertices highly connected between each other and loosely connected with the rest of the network. Subsequently networks are dynamic, their underlying community structure changes over time as well, i.e they have social entities that appear and disappear which make their communities shrinking and growing over time. The goal of this paper is to study community detection in dynamic social network in the context of location-based social network. In this respect, we extend the static Louvain method to incrementally detect communities in a dynamic scenario following the direct method and considering both overlapping and non-overlapping setting. Finally, extensive experiments on real datasets and comparison with two previous methods demonstrate the effectiveness and potential of our suggested method.
Subscriber Churn Prediction Model using Social Network Analysis In Telecommun...BAINIDA
Subscriber Churn Prediction Model using Social Network Analysis In Telecommunication Industry โดย เชษฐพงศ์ ปัญญาชนกุล อาจารย์ ดร. อานนท์ ศักดิ์วรวิชญ์
ในงาน THE FIRST NIDA BUSINESS ANALYTICS AND DATA SCIENCES CONTEST/CONFERENCE จัดโดย คณะสถิติประยุกต์และ DATA SCIENCES THAILAND
Community Evolution in the Digital Space and Creation of SocialInformation C...Saptarshi Ghosh
A social homogeneous group can be formed irrespective to geo-spatial contiguity and research reveals that interaction through online communication fosters social behaviours like teamwork, ties, bonding and trust building as well as community building.
a modified weight balanced algorithm for influential users community detectio...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
In the modern era online users are increasing day by day. Different users are using various social networks in different forms. The behavior and attitude of the users of social networking sites varies U2U (User to User). In online social networking users join many groups and communities as per interests and according to the groups’/Communities’ influential user. This paper consist of 7 sections , first section emphasis on introduction to the community evelotion and community. Second section signify movement between communities ,third section involve related work about the research.. Fourth section includes Problem Definition and fifth section involve Methodology (Proposed Algorithm Process ,Get Community Matrix, Community detetcion).Sixth section involve Implementation. Furthermore implementation include Datasets ,Quantitative performance, Graphical Results, Enhancement in the existing work..Last section include Conclusion and then references. In this paper,we are implementing and proposing the community detection in social media .In the proposed we have deployed a Longest Chain Subsequence metric for finding the number of connections to the kernel community.
The science of networks is becoming an increasingly important and intriguing area of study that reveals many a patterns and relationships often hidden. This presentation is about the use of SNA to study the network of the Digital Library Community
Incremental Community Mining in Location-based Social NetworkIJAEMSJORNAL
A social network can be defined as a set of social entities connected by a set of social relations. These relations often change and differ in time. Thus, the fundamental structure of these networks is dynamic and increasingly developing. Investigating how the structure of these networks evolves over the observation time affords visions into their evolution structure, elements that initiate the changes, and finally foresee the future structure of these networks. One of the most relevant properties of networks is their community structure – set of vertices highly connected between each other and loosely connected with the rest of the network. Subsequently networks are dynamic, their underlying community structure changes over time as well, i.e they have social entities that appear and disappear which make their communities shrinking and growing over time. The goal of this paper is to study community detection in dynamic social network in the context of location-based social network. In this respect, we extend the static Louvain method to incrementally detect communities in a dynamic scenario following the direct method and considering both overlapping and non-overlapping setting. Finally, extensive experiments on real datasets and comparison with two previous methods demonstrate the effectiveness and potential of our suggested method.
Subscriber Churn Prediction Model using Social Network Analysis In Telecommun...BAINIDA
Subscriber Churn Prediction Model using Social Network Analysis In Telecommunication Industry โดย เชษฐพงศ์ ปัญญาชนกุล อาจารย์ ดร. อานนท์ ศักดิ์วรวิชญ์
ในงาน THE FIRST NIDA BUSINESS ANALYTICS AND DATA SCIENCES CONTEST/CONFERENCE จัดโดย คณะสถิติประยุกต์และ DATA SCIENCES THAILAND
Collaborative Innovation Networks, Virtual Communities, and Geographical Clus...COINs2010
COLLABORATIVE INNOVATION NETWORKS, VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES AND
GEOGRAPHICAL CLUSTERING
M. De Maggio, P. A. Gloor, G. Passiante
Abstract
This paper describes the emergence of Collaborative Knowledge Networks (CKNs), distributed communities taking advantage of the wide connectivity and the support of communication technologies, spanning beyond the organizational perimeter of companies on a global scale.
CKNs are made up of groups of self-motivated individuals, linked by the idea of something new and exciting, and by the common goal of
improving existing business practices, new products or services for which they see a real need. Their strength is related to their ability to activate
creative collaboration, knowledge sharing and social networking mechanisms, affecting positively individual capabilities and organizations’
performance.
We describe the case of a Global Consulting Community to highlight the cultural and structural aspects of this phenomenon. Our case study also
illustrates the composition of the CKN ecosystem, which are made up by a combination of Collaborative Innovation, Learning and Interest Networks.
Empirical evidence suggests physical proximity as a supporting success factor of such communities, depending on the capital and knowledge intensity of the target industry.
TOPIC networking portfolio
ACADEMIC LEVEL Undergrad. (yrs 3-4)
DISCIPLINE Business Studies
DOCUMENT TYPE Term paper
SPACING DOUBLE
CITATION STYLE Harvard
Icwsm10 S MateiVisible Effort: A Social Entropy Methodology for Managing Com...guest803e6d
A theoretically-grounded learning feedback tool suite, the Visible Effort (VE) Mediawiki extension, is proposed for optimizing online group learning activities by measuring the amount of equality and the emergence of social structure in groups that participate in Computer-Mediated Collaboration (CMC). Building on social entropy theory, drawn from Shannon’s Mathematical Theory of Communication, VE captures levels of CMC unevenness and group structure and visualizes them on wiki Web pages through background colors, charts, and tabular data. Visual information provides users entropic feedback on how balanced and equitable collaboration is within their online group are, while helping them to maintain it within optimal levels. Finally, we present the theoretical and practical implications of VE and the measures behind it, as well as illustrate VE’s capabilities by describing a quasi-experimental teaching activity (use scenario) in tandem with a detailed discussion of theoretical justification, methodological underpinning, and technological capabilities of the approach.
UNIT II MODELING AND VISUALIZATION
Visualizing Online Social Networks - A Taxonomy of Visualizations - Graph Representation -
Centrality- Clustering - Node-Edge Diagrams - Visualizing Social Networks with Matrix-Based
Representations- Node-Link Diagrams - Hybrid Representations - Modelling and aggregating
social network data – Random Walks and their Applications –Use of Hadoop and Map Reduce -
Ontological representation of social individuals and relationships.
Visible Effort: A Social Entropy Methodology for Managing Computer-Mediated ...Sorin Adam Matei
A theoretically-grounded learning feedback tool suite, the Visible Effort (VE) Mediawiki extension, is proposed for optimizing online group learning activities by measuring the amount of equality and the emergence of social structure in groups that participate in Computer-Mediated Collaboration (CMC). Building on social entropy theory, drawn from Shannon’s Mathematical Theory of Communication, VE captures levels of CMC unevenness and group structure and visualizes them on wiki Web pages through background colors, charts, and tabular data. Visual information provides users entropic feedback on how balanced and equitable collaboration is within their online group are, while helping them to maintain it within optimal levels. Finally, we present the theoretical and practical implications of VE and the measures behind it, as well as illustrate VE’s capabilities by describing a quasi-experimental teaching activity (use scenario) in tandem with a detailed discussion of theoretical justification, methodological underpinning, and technological capabilities of the approach.
The social network analysis (SNA), branch of complex systems can be used in the construction of multiagent
systems. This paper proposes a study of how social network analysis can assist in modeling multiagent
systems, while addressing similarities and differences between the two theories. We built a prototype
of multi-agent systems for resolution of tasks through the formation of teams of agents that are formed on
the basis of the social network established between agents. Agents make use of performance indicators to
assess when should change their social network to maximize the participation in teams.
Selection of Plastics by Design of Experimentstheijes
This work shows the optimization of two different types of plastic materials to measure a response variable, in order to select the best material that accomplishes the customer´s requirements in a company in the appliances sector. Factorial designs are an effective tool applied to compare two or more materials in order to choose the one that best accomplishes the requirement. The 24 factorial experimental design aims to study the effect of various factors on one or more response variables when it is necessary to know all factors. Factors considered in this case were: plasticity temperature, pigment, injection time and injection pressure. The objective of this work was to minimize weight as the response variable, this study was conducted between two plastics types: low-density polyethylene and nylon. The response variable was studied by an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the equation of regression was obtained, to find the best array that optimizes both plastics separately with their different operating conditions and the customer can define which plastic is better taking decision based on the design of experiment as a powerful and effective tool that accomplishes the requirements. The results revealed that the most suitable plastic material is polyethylene because it fits with the specification that the client request.
Analysis of the skill of a world-class alpine ski racer by using a 3D CAD systemtheijes
Heavy snow areas account for about 50% of the total land area of Japan. Extension of healthy life expectancy is an important issue for residents of heavy snow areas because most of these areas in Japan are depopulated areas. Skiing is a possible lifelong sport in heavy snow areas because gravity rather than muscular power is mainly utilized in skiing. However, in Japan, the number of skiers has declined to 30% of the peak number. This study was conducted with the aim of recovery of the popularity of skiing, and establishing skiing as lifelong winter sport. World-level success of Japanese alpine ski racers is an important factor for the recovery of the popularity of skiing. In this study, the skill of an alpine ski racer was investigated by using a 3D CAD model of a skier with focus on joint work and energy balance in the turn motion.
Collaborative Innovation Networks, Virtual Communities, and Geographical Clus...COINs2010
COLLABORATIVE INNOVATION NETWORKS, VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES AND
GEOGRAPHICAL CLUSTERING
M. De Maggio, P. A. Gloor, G. Passiante
Abstract
This paper describes the emergence of Collaborative Knowledge Networks (CKNs), distributed communities taking advantage of the wide connectivity and the support of communication technologies, spanning beyond the organizational perimeter of companies on a global scale.
CKNs are made up of groups of self-motivated individuals, linked by the idea of something new and exciting, and by the common goal of
improving existing business practices, new products or services for which they see a real need. Their strength is related to their ability to activate
creative collaboration, knowledge sharing and social networking mechanisms, affecting positively individual capabilities and organizations’
performance.
We describe the case of a Global Consulting Community to highlight the cultural and structural aspects of this phenomenon. Our case study also
illustrates the composition of the CKN ecosystem, which are made up by a combination of Collaborative Innovation, Learning and Interest Networks.
Empirical evidence suggests physical proximity as a supporting success factor of such communities, depending on the capital and knowledge intensity of the target industry.
TOPIC networking portfolio
ACADEMIC LEVEL Undergrad. (yrs 3-4)
DISCIPLINE Business Studies
DOCUMENT TYPE Term paper
SPACING DOUBLE
CITATION STYLE Harvard
Icwsm10 S MateiVisible Effort: A Social Entropy Methodology for Managing Com...guest803e6d
A theoretically-grounded learning feedback tool suite, the Visible Effort (VE) Mediawiki extension, is proposed for optimizing online group learning activities by measuring the amount of equality and the emergence of social structure in groups that participate in Computer-Mediated Collaboration (CMC). Building on social entropy theory, drawn from Shannon’s Mathematical Theory of Communication, VE captures levels of CMC unevenness and group structure and visualizes them on wiki Web pages through background colors, charts, and tabular data. Visual information provides users entropic feedback on how balanced and equitable collaboration is within their online group are, while helping them to maintain it within optimal levels. Finally, we present the theoretical and practical implications of VE and the measures behind it, as well as illustrate VE’s capabilities by describing a quasi-experimental teaching activity (use scenario) in tandem with a detailed discussion of theoretical justification, methodological underpinning, and technological capabilities of the approach.
UNIT II MODELING AND VISUALIZATION
Visualizing Online Social Networks - A Taxonomy of Visualizations - Graph Representation -
Centrality- Clustering - Node-Edge Diagrams - Visualizing Social Networks with Matrix-Based
Representations- Node-Link Diagrams - Hybrid Representations - Modelling and aggregating
social network data – Random Walks and their Applications –Use of Hadoop and Map Reduce -
Ontological representation of social individuals and relationships.
Visible Effort: A Social Entropy Methodology for Managing Computer-Mediated ...Sorin Adam Matei
A theoretically-grounded learning feedback tool suite, the Visible Effort (VE) Mediawiki extension, is proposed for optimizing online group learning activities by measuring the amount of equality and the emergence of social structure in groups that participate in Computer-Mediated Collaboration (CMC). Building on social entropy theory, drawn from Shannon’s Mathematical Theory of Communication, VE captures levels of CMC unevenness and group structure and visualizes them on wiki Web pages through background colors, charts, and tabular data. Visual information provides users entropic feedback on how balanced and equitable collaboration is within their online group are, while helping them to maintain it within optimal levels. Finally, we present the theoretical and practical implications of VE and the measures behind it, as well as illustrate VE’s capabilities by describing a quasi-experimental teaching activity (use scenario) in tandem with a detailed discussion of theoretical justification, methodological underpinning, and technological capabilities of the approach.
The social network analysis (SNA), branch of complex systems can be used in the construction of multiagent
systems. This paper proposes a study of how social network analysis can assist in modeling multiagent
systems, while addressing similarities and differences between the two theories. We built a prototype
of multi-agent systems for resolution of tasks through the formation of teams of agents that are formed on
the basis of the social network established between agents. Agents make use of performance indicators to
assess when should change their social network to maximize the participation in teams.
Selection of Plastics by Design of Experimentstheijes
This work shows the optimization of two different types of plastic materials to measure a response variable, in order to select the best material that accomplishes the customer´s requirements in a company in the appliances sector. Factorial designs are an effective tool applied to compare two or more materials in order to choose the one that best accomplishes the requirement. The 24 factorial experimental design aims to study the effect of various factors on one or more response variables when it is necessary to know all factors. Factors considered in this case were: plasticity temperature, pigment, injection time and injection pressure. The objective of this work was to minimize weight as the response variable, this study was conducted between two plastics types: low-density polyethylene and nylon. The response variable was studied by an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the equation of regression was obtained, to find the best array that optimizes both plastics separately with their different operating conditions and the customer can define which plastic is better taking decision based on the design of experiment as a powerful and effective tool that accomplishes the requirements. The results revealed that the most suitable plastic material is polyethylene because it fits with the specification that the client request.
Analysis of the skill of a world-class alpine ski racer by using a 3D CAD systemtheijes
Heavy snow areas account for about 50% of the total land area of Japan. Extension of healthy life expectancy is an important issue for residents of heavy snow areas because most of these areas in Japan are depopulated areas. Skiing is a possible lifelong sport in heavy snow areas because gravity rather than muscular power is mainly utilized in skiing. However, in Japan, the number of skiers has declined to 30% of the peak number. This study was conducted with the aim of recovery of the popularity of skiing, and establishing skiing as lifelong winter sport. World-level success of Japanese alpine ski racers is an important factor for the recovery of the popularity of skiing. In this study, the skill of an alpine ski racer was investigated by using a 3D CAD model of a skier with focus on joint work and energy balance in the turn motion.
An IntelligentMPPT Method For PV Systems Operating Under Real Environmental C...theijes
The sun irradiance (G) and temperature (T) are the two main factors that affect the output power gained from the photovoltaic (PV) DC–DC converter. Therefore, to enhance the performance of the overall system; a mechanism to track the maximum power point (MPP) is required. Conventional maximum power point tracking approaches, such as observation and perturbation technique, experience difficulty in identifying the true MPP. Therefore, intelligent systems including fuzzy logic controllers (FLC) are introduced for the maximum power point tracking system (MPPT). The selection of the membership functions (MFs) and the fuzzy sets (FSs) numbers are crucial in the performance of the FLC based MPPT. Accordingly, this work presents numerous adaptive neuro-fuzzy systems to automatically adjustthe fuzzy logic controller membership functions as an alternative to the trial and error approach, which waste time and effort in MPPT design. For this purpose an adaptive neuro-fuzzy system is developed in MATLAB/Simulink to determine suitable MFs and the FSs for the fuzzy logic controller. The effects of different types of MFs and the FSs are deeply investigated using real data collected from the rooftop PV system. The investigations show that the fuzzy logic controller with a triangular membership function and seven fuzzy setsprovides the best results
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Ethnobotanical documentation of some plants among Igala people of Kogi Statetheijes
This work is the documentation of ethno – medicinal and cultural utilization of some plants by the inhabitants of Dekina local government area of Kogi State. The data were collected by the researcher using the prepared check – list. Field trips were made to villages within the study area. A total of 200 willing respondents were interviewed. Information regarding the common uses of some plant species for various ethno – medicinal and cultural purposes were investigated. Vernacular names of the described species were also of interest. The respondents assisted in the collection and identification of plant samples. Standard literatures and floras were consulted for their proper identification. The data obtained were collated and tabulated showing botanical names, common names, vernacular or tribal names, families, uses and parts used. It was discovered that to protect our future planet and generation there is need to document this vital information and also create awareness or enlightenment for the conservation of this biodiversity rich area and also the proper use of these flora
Research, Development Intelligent HVAC Control System Using Fuzzy Logic Contr...theijes
The paper describes an automatic climate in offices, describes the principles of the automation equipment climate, considered air parameters described control algorithms were compared automation system PIDcontroller and using fuzzy logic controller is designed microclimate model in Mathlab program with a fuzzy logic controller.
Organizational Structure and Software Project Success: Implications of the Me...theijes
This study firstly examines the current literature concerning software project implementation problems, the instances of culture within an organization and dimensions of organizational structure. A quantitative approach was adopted to understand the association between organizational structure and project success with a possibly mediating effect of culture with data generated using the cross sectional survey design. Different stakeholders, 89 of them including (top management, project manager, project team members) from 10 banks within Port Harcourtaxis were administered the questionnaire, and a bootstrap framework was used to test if the effect of external physical instances of culturehave the ability to take on internal psychological significanceThe Cronbach alpha test was adopted to ascertain the internal reliability of the instrument. A total of 19 items were examined (complexity = 3; formalization = 3; centralization = 3; software project success = 5; and organizational culture = 5). The study revealed that participants on the average affirm to their experiences of organizational structure within the organization which reflects instances of complexity, formalization and centralization.The result showed a significant association between the variables (complexity, formalization and centralization) which revealed that there is a significant relationship between the dimensions of organizational structure and software project success. Thebootstrapping test for the mediating effect of organizational culture on the relationship between organizational structure and software project reveals no significant association. It is hoped that this research will help to bridge the current literature gap and provide practical advice for both academics and practitioners.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Causes of Failure in Storage Facilities and Their Supportstheijes
Storage tanks in metallic or plastic forms are meant for storing water or other liquid substances for use either in industrial or domestic applications. This work looks into where failure occurs in metallic storage tanks, how there occur and why they occur. This study was important in other to proffer solutions and recommendations to the causes of failure recorded. The area of study was in Kaduna State, Nigeria, where four storage tanks were examined. The major causes of failure recorded were failure due to corrosion, failure due to malfunction of part, failure due to wrong construction methods among others. With corrosion of parts ranking highest on failure types, it was recommended that anti- corrosive materials like aluminum or stainless steel should be used for constructing storage tanks and their supports and when using mild steel materials it should be well protected using red oxide paint or hydrophobic polyester coatings.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Assessment of mortality and morbidity risks due to the consumption of some sa...theijes
Natural radioactivity of sixty sachet waters produced by fifteen different enterprises was measured by gamma spectrometry technique. The concentrations of the main natural radionuclides, 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th in the samples varied respectively from 0.87 to 5.70 Bq/L, 0.16 to 0.47 Bq/L and 0.17 to 0.60 Bq/L in the samples with mean values respective of 2.66± 0.60 Bq/L, 0.22± 0.65 Bq/L and 0.34± 0.07 Bq/L. The annual effective doses due to the ingestion of these radionuclides varied from 45.48 to113.07 μSv/y with a mean of 78.41± 15.51 μSv/y. The mortality and morbidity risks assessed in samples, varied respectively from 4.94 10-5 to 1.17 10-4 and 7.20 10-5 to 1.24 10-4 with average values of 6.75 10-5 and 9.84 10-5 . This study showed a morbidity risk relatively high, thus harmful for the population.
Current trends of opinion mining and sentiment analysis in social networkseSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Mining and Analyzing Academic Social NetworksEditor IJCATR
Academics establish relationships by way of various interactions like jointly authoring a research paper or report, jointly
supervising a thesis, working jointly on a project, etc. Some of these relationships are ubiquitous whereas other are hard to keep track
of. Of all types of possible academic and research collaborations, co-authorship is best documented. In this paper we analyze the coauthorship
based academic social networks of computer science engineering departments of Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) as
evidenced from their research publications produced during 2011 and 2015. We use social network analysis metrics to study the
collaboration networks in four leading IITs. From experimental results it can be concluded that IIT Delhi and IIT Kharagpur have a
close knit collaboration network whereas the collaboration network of IIT Kanpur and IIT Madras is fragmented. However, the
collaboration networks of all the four IITs exhibit similar network properties as expected from any other collaboration network
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Masses, Crowds, Communities, Movements. Collective Formations in the Digital ...University of Stuttgart
From prosumers to swarms, crowds, e-movements and e-communities, the Internet allows for new forms of collective behavior and action anywhere on the spectrum between individ- uals and organizations. In all of these cases, online technologies function as connectivity- enhancing tools and have prompted the search for novel or inherently different collective formations and actors on the web.
However, research to date on these new collective formations on the web lacks a sociologi- cally informed and theoretical focus. Instead, loosely defined terms such as “swarm”, “crowd” or “network” are readily used as a catch-all for any formation that cannot be charac- terized as a stable corporate actor. Such terms contribute little to an understanding of the vast range of collective activities on the Internet, namely because the various collective for- mations differ significantly from each other with regard to their size, internal structure, inter- action, institutional dynamics, stability and strategic capability.
In order to bridge this gap, this study investigates two questions: One, how might the very dif- ferently structured collectives on the Internet be classified and distinguished along actor- or action-centered theory? And two, what influence do the technological infrastructures in which they operate have on their formation, structure and activities? For this we distinguish between two main types of collectives: non-organized collectives, which exhibit loosely-coupled col- lective behavior, and collective actors with a separate identity and strategic capability. Further, we examine the newness, or distinctive traits, of online-based collectives, which we identify as being the strong and hitherto non-existent interplay between the technological infrastruc- tures that these collectives are embedded in and the social processes of coordination and insti- tutionalization they must engage in in order to maintain their viability over time. Convention- al patterns of social dynamics in the development and stabilization of collective action are now systematically intertwined with technology-induced processes of structuration.
Online social network mining current trends and research issueseSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
The evolution of the Web and its applications has undergone in the last few years a mutation towards
technologies that include the social dimension as a first class entity in which the users, their interactions
and the emerging social networks are the center of this evolution. The web is growing and evolving the
intelligibility of its resources and data, the connectivity of its parts and its autonomy as a whole system. The
social dimension of the current and future web is being at the roots of its dynamics and evolution. It is thus,
fundamental to propose new underlying infrastructure to the web and applications on the web, to make
more explicit this social dimension and facilitate its exploitation. The work presented is this paper
contributes to this initiative by proposing a multi-agent modeling based on the system coupling to its
environment through its social dimension. Applied to a collaborative tagging system, the exploitation of the
social dimension of tagging allows an intelligent and better sharing of resources and enhancing social
learning between users.
Subgraph Frequencies: Mapping the Empirical and Extremal Geography of Large G...Gabriela Agustini
A growing set of on-line applications are generating data that can be viewed as very large collections of small, dense social graphs — these range from sets of social groups, events, or collabora- tion projects to the vast collection of graph neighborhoods in large social networks. A natural question is how to usefully define a domain-independent ‘coordinate system’ for such a collection of graphs, so that the set of possible structures can be compactly rep- resented and understood within a common space. In this work, we draw on the theory of graph homomorphisms to formulate and an- alyze such a representation, based on computing the frequencies of small induced subgraphs within each graph.
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The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES)
1. The International Journal of Engineering And Science (IJES)
||Volume|| 1 ||Issue|| 2 ||Pages|| 260-268 ||2012||
ISSN: 2319 – 1813 ISBN: 2319 – 1805
Framework for Analysis of Dynamic Social Networks Evolution
1
Karuna.C.Gull, 2 Akshata B. Angadi, 3Kiran B.Malagi
1, 2, 3
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, India.
-----------------------------------------------------------------Abstract----------------------------------------------------------------------
Recent years have seen an explosive growth of various online communities. The processes by which
communities come together, attract new members, and develop over time is a central research issue in the social
sciences—political movements, professional organizations, and religious denominations all provide fundamental
examples of such communities. In the digital domain, on-line groups are becoming increasingly prominent due to
the growth of community and social networking sites such as MySpace, Twitter. However, the challenge of
collecting and analyzing large-scale time resolved data on social groups and communities has left most basic
questions about the evolution of such groups largely unresolved: what are the structural features that influence
whether individuals will join communities, which communities will grow rapidly, and how do the overlaps among
pairs of communities change over time? So considering these, in this paper we present a framework for modeling
and detecting community evolution in social networks. This framework allows tracking of events related to
communities as well as events related to individual nodes. These events can be considered as building bloc ks for
pattern detection in networks with evolving communities. This framework can be formalized by applying it to a
real dataset consisting of emails.
Keywords – Event based Framework, Group formation, Network Evolution, SNA (Social Network Analysis).
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Date of Submission: 11, December, 2012 Date of Publication: 25, December 2012
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I. INTRODUCTION the challenge arises from the difficulty in identifying
and
T he tendency of people to come together and form
groups is inherent in the structure of society; and the
ways in which such groups take shape and evolve working with appropriate datasets: one needs a large,
over time is a theme that runs through large parts of realistic social network containing a significant
social science research [9]. The study of groups and collection of explicitly identified groups, and with
communities is also fundamental in the mining and sufficient time-resolution that one can track their
analysis of phenomena based on sociological data— growth and evolution at the level of individual nodes.
for example, the evolution of informal close-knit
groups within a large organization can provide insight II. The Present Work: Analyzing Group
into the organization‘s global decision-making Formation And Evolution:
behavior; the dynamics of certain subpopulations In this paper we seek to address these
susceptible to a disease can be crucial in tracking the challenges, exploring the principles by which groups
early stages of an epidemic; and the discussions develop and evolve in large-scale social networks. We
within an Internet-based forum can be used to follow consider a number of broad principles about the
the emergence and popularity of new ideas and formation of social groups, concerning the ways in
technologies. The digital domain has seen a which they grow and evolve.
significant growth in the scale and richness of on-line
communities and social media, through the rise of We consider three main types of questions.
social networking sites beginning with Friendster and • Membership. What are the structural features that
its relatives, and continuing to more recent systems influence whether a given individual will join a
including MySpace, Facebook, and LiveJournal, as particular group?
well as media-sharing sites such as Flickr. • Growth. What are the structural features that
While abstract descriptions such as this — influence whether a given group will grow
of groups growing concurrently and organically in a significantly (i.e. gain a large net number of new
large network —are clearly suggestive, the fact is that members) over time?
it has been very hard to make concrete empirical
statements about these types of processes. Much of
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2. Framework for Analysis of Dynamic Social Networks Evolution
• Change. A given group generally exists for one or
more purposes at any point in time; in our datasets, III. RELATED WORK
for example, In the literature there has been a considerable
groups are focused on particular ―topics of interest.‖ amount of work done to detect communities in social
How do such foci change over time, and how are these networks [1, 4]. A common issue in the previous work
changes correlated with changes in the underlying set is that the analysis of social networks was mainly a
of group members? static investigation of the aggregated graph of the
network across multiple snapshots. Hence, in the
Conventional data is typically a set of noticeable effect of time was neglected. However, a
observations, which are considered independent of large number of social networks are continuously
one another and identically distributed. In reality, data changing over time, thus they require a dynamic
could be highly dependent, with observations relating analysis. Recently there has been some work on
to one other in a variety of relationships. The analysis, analyzing communities and their evolutions in
visualizing, and interpreting of such relational data is dynamic social networks. Leskovec et al. [5] studied
known as social network analysis (SNA). the patterns of growth for graphs based on various
topological properties, such as the degree of
Network input format is common to other distribution and small-world properties of large
SNA tools, using a simple pair of vertices to indicate networks. They also proposed a graph generation
an edge. The Network file can optionally include model, called the Forest Fire model, to produce graphs
explicit lists of vertices, edge or vertex properties, and exhibiting the discovered patterns. Backstrom et al. [6]
timeframe labels for dynamic networks. Meerkat‘s proposed using structural features of communities and
functionality can be divided into four general individuals and then applying decision-trees to
categories: (1) interactive network visualization and approximate the probability of an individual joining a
network metrics; (2) filtering and extraction; (3) community. They also tried to identify communities
community mining; and (4) event analys is. These that are more likely to grow over time and predicted
features allow researchers to discover the importance the movements between communities based on the
of entities in their domain networks, and make same features. Tantipathananandh et al. [7] presented
inferences about algorithmically discovered frameworks and algorithms to determine the evolution
communities. Being able to track entities and of communities in social networks. Although they
communities over time, observing community assumed all groups are disjoint and explicitly defined,
evolution, and performing analysis at different they tried to identify the notion of a community over
hierarchical granularities allows for better leverage in all snapshots based on the changes in those groups.
network exploration. They focused mostly on tracking the membership of
an individual across all snapshots. Asur et al. [8]
This idea of analysis over time, or dynamic analyzed the behavior of interaction graphs by
network analysis, is the final pillar on which Meerkat is defining critical events and computing them in an
built. Social networks in many domains are subject to efficient manner. They also introduced novel
entities dropping in and out of interactions and thus behavioral measures such as stability, sociability,
migrating across communities. To promote and influence and popularity for nodes and an incremental
facilitate community mining across time, Meerkat way to calculate them over time. Falkowski et al. [9]
offers event analysis functionality. analyzed the evolution of communities and studied
their stability and fluctuation by defining similarity
We propose an event-based framework to between them. Moreover, in order to identify
categorize and track how communities evolve in social persistent communities, they applied standard
networks. Our framework takes the detected statistical measures. The use of on-line social
communities at consecutive snapshots as an input networking sites for data mining applications has been
and provides a mapping of how each community the subject of a number of recent papers; see [13,14]
evolved at each snapshot. It also allows one to follow for two recent examples. These recent papers have
the events pertaining to individual nodes across each focused on different questions, and have not directly
snapshot. exploited the structure of the user-defined
communities embedded in these systems. Studies of
The rest of the paper is organized as follows. the relationship between different newsgroups on
First in Section 2, we discuss related work. In Section Usenet [16,15] has taken advantage of the self-
3, we describe our event-based framework in detail. identified nature of these online communities,
Expected experimental results on sample email although again the specific questions are quite
datasets are discussed in Section 4. Finally in Section different.
5, we discuss the conclusion and future work.
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3. Framework for Analysis of Dynamic Social Networks Evolution
According to Jiyang Chen et al. [4], IV. FRAMEWORK ELABORATION :
Meerkat‘s community mining abilities are meant to 3.1. Event-based framework to detect evolutions in
synergize with its other features. Although an analyst social
might come to understand their networks through Networks:
exploration of entities and through patterns visible Detecting the evolution of communities by
through a particular layout, having automated monitoring when they form, dissolve, and reform can
community detection can give insight that is otherwise provide great insight into a dynamic social network.
difficult to achieve. Given high quality community Asur et al. [8] proposed an event-based framework to
groupings based on edge connections, a researcher capture and identify events on communities an d
may be able to alter social policies in government, individuals. Based on these events, the behavioural
advise marketing plans in telecommunications, or patterns of communities over time can be
understand what groups of proteins function together. characterized. Although they formulate the critical
To facilitate this, Meerkat offers both existing and events for communities, and propose behavioural
novel community mining algorithms. This includes measures for individuals, the presented events are too
several central algorithms, and slight variations of restricted to cover all of the changes that a community
them, including Fast Modularity , Max-Min may experience.
Modularity [12], TopLeaders , Clique Percolation ,
Local Mining with or without hubs and overlap [11]. In this paper we present a framework for
modeling and detecting community evolution in social
The results of these algorithms are visualized networks. The framework allows tracking of events
by colouring or labeling the nodes that belong to each related to communities as well as events related to
community, as well as listing community membership individual nodes. In order to define events that cover
in tabular form as shown in Fig.1. After identifying all possible transitions of a community, a new term
communities, Meerkat can compute common statistics called the community flag is defined. Base on this
such as density, diameter, and cohesion for each concept, we propose event definitions that cover all
community. possible transitions of a community.
Naturally, individuals in a community have
mutual common interests and interact with each other
around those interests. For example, members gather
physically, or virtually, to share an idea or to discuss
about a topic. This is exactly what identifies members
from non-members. Although this is more sensible for
human communities, artificial communities have the
same patterns in their structure. Thus one can assume
an independent identity for a community based on the
interests that members share with each other. We call
this identity the community flag, which shows
characterization of the community and its members. A
community flag is unique and cannot be divided or
cloned.
The life cycle of a community is defined as
Figure 1.. Meerkat‘s hierarchy layout. The small follows. A community forms in a snapshot: Flag has
coloured circles are the nodes, and the edges depict been raised. It may be stable from a snapshot to
an ‗owner‘ relationship in the hierarchy. Nodes within another: Flag is still there. It could attract new
the larger coloured circles belong to the community members or lose some members: Flag is waving. It may
indicated by its colour. The star-shaped objects incorporate another community: Dominant flag takes
represent a community, with the grey objects being a control. It may divide into two or more smaller
community made up of other communities and the blue communities, with each new part having its own
object being the top-level super community. The independence: The most significant part carries the
community panel displayed on the right indicates flag with itself. Finally it can break apart into pieces
which nodes belong to which communities while no piece preserves the identity of the
community: Flag has been vanished. The identity of a
community is defined by a significant portion of that
community. However, this portion could be different in
various contexts.
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4. Framework for Analysis of Dynamic Social Networks Evolution
Thus our new event definitions are k-form: A new cluster Cki+1 is marked as formed if at
parametric based on this portion, denoted by k. In least k% of its nodes have not been a member of the
order to use our proposed framework, the social same community at the previous time. Thus Cki+1 is
network should first be converted into a time series formed if
graph, where the static graph at each time captures the k j
information at that specific moment. Then, based on a V i 1
V i
community mining algorithm, the communities in each
snapshot are obtained independently.
Finally the transition of the communities
C ik such that
max V j
i
, V i 1
k
k%
between two consecutive snapshots will be obtained
by the critical events defined in the framework.
In the following, G = (V, E) denotes a
dynamic social network where V and E are the total
individuals and total interactions respectively. A
snapshot Si = ( Vi , Ei ) of G represents a graph only
with the set of individuals and interactions at a
particular time interval i. Each snapshot Si contains k i
communities Ci = {C1i , C2i , …, C k ii} where the
community Cji is also a graph denoted by (Vji , Eji ).
For each two consecutive snapshots a total of 11
events are defined with seven events involving
communities and four
other involving individuals in the network.
3.2 Events involving communities:
In order to categorize the changes of
communities that evolve over time, we consider seven
events including form, dissolve, continue, split, merge,
shrink, and reform. These events are based on the
Figure 2. Community formation, merge and continue.
relationship between communities and are
parameterized based on the portion k.
k-dissolve: A community Ck i is marked as dissolved if
at least k% of its nodes will not be a member of the
A community splits if it fractures into more
same community in the next snapshot as depicted in
than one community and one of these communities
Fig 3. Thus, the conditions for the dissolved is
carry the flag of the former community. In the case
j k
where it fractures into more that one community but
V i 1
V i
C i 1 such that
V k%
k
none of these communities carry the flag, a dissolve
k j
event is occurred. A community continues if there max i
, V i 1
exists a community in the future that contains all the
nodes of the former community. A community may
shrink or reform when it loses a portion of its members
but this portion is not significant enough to be
detected as a split. In the case where new individuals
join to the community, the community is marked as
reformed, while it shrinks when no one has joined to it.
Two or more communities are marked as merge if a
major portion of at least one of these communities
involve in the merge. Furthermore at any snapshot
there may be newly formed community that does not Figure 3. Community Dissolve
carry the flag of any community at previous time.
k-continue: A community Ck i is marked as continued if
For two consecutive snapshots Si and Si+1 there exists
where Ci and Ci+1 denoting the set of their
i1 such that
j
a
communities respectively, the formal definitions of the C community
seven events involving communities are as follows:
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5. Framework for Analysis of Dynamic Social Networks Evolution
Cji+1 that contains all the nodes of Ck i and at least k%
of its nodes are belonging to Ck i. In other words, the
two conditions for continue are as follows:
V i 1
k j
1. V i
k
V i
k%
2. j
V i 1
n-k-merge: A set of communities { C1i , C2i …, Cni} are There is a potential of raising the flag of Cj i in Cki+1
marked as merged if there exists a community Cji+1 in
the next snapshot that for any community Ck i, the
following conditions are held:
There is a potential of raising the flag of Cj i
in C i+1 Also the flag of Cji has to be carried into one
m
of {C1i+1 , C2i+1 …, Cni+1} and it has to be dominant
there: If the above condition is not held, the
community Cji undergoes the dissolve event.
A community may shrink or reform if it loses
a portion of its members but this portion is not
significant enough to be detected as a split. In the
case where new individuals join to the community, the
community is marked as reformed. On the other hand,
The flag of Cm i has been moved into Cj i+1 it shrinks when no one has joined to it.
Also at least one flag in Cji+1 has to be dominant in
order to distinguish this case and the case that a new
community has been formed from small pieces of some
other communities as shown in Fig 2. Thus the
following condition should be held for {C1i , C2i …, Cni
}:
Figure 4. Community Split
n-k-split: A community Cji is marked as split (Fig 4)if
there is a set of communities { C1i+1 , C2i+1 …, Cni+1} in
the next snapshot that for any community Ck i+1 the
following conditions are held:
k-shrink: . A community Cki is marked as k-shrink(Fig
5) if there exists a community Cj i+1 that its set of nodes
is a subset of the nodes in community Cki and also
contains at least k% of the nodes from Cki . Thus the
community is marked as k-shrink if
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6. Framework for Analysis of Dynamic Social Networks Evolution
Disappear: A node v is marked as disappeared when it
existed in the previous snapshot but it does not exist
in the current snapshot i.e.
Figure 5. Community Shrink
Figure 7. Individual Node Appear and Disappear
k-reform: A community Cki is marked as k-reform(Fig
6) if there exists a community Cj i+1 that at least In Fig 7, Ci – Community Vi, Vi+1 – Vertices/Nodes E
contains k% of the nodes from Cki but its set of nodes – edges . Si , Si+1 – snap shots( current and next
is not a subset of the nodes in community Cki respectively.)
Here V6 – Vertex V6 is said to be DISAPPEARED as it
is present in Si snap shot, but not in the Si+1 snapshot.
V6 – Vertex V6 is said to be APPEARED as it is present
in the Si+1 sanp shot , which was not there in the S i
snap shot.
k-join: A node v joined to community Cji+1 if it exists in
this community at snapshot i+1 but was not in
Ck i in the previous snapshot where Cji+1 carries the
flag of Ck i. Thus, the conditions for the join event are
as follows:
Figure 6. Community Reform
Cj k %[ Ci Members] + set of nodes Ci
c j is Reformed Community.
3.3 Events involving individuals
In order to analyze the behaviour of k-leave: A node v left community Ck i if it existed in this
individuals in communities, four events involving community at snapshot i but it does not exist in Cji+1 in
individuals are defined. The taxonomy we use here is the next snapshot where Cji+1 is sufficiently similar to
the same as Asur et al. [8]. However, unlike [8] we Ck i. In other words, the conditions for the leave event
define the join and leave events parameterized based are as follows:
on the portion k. For two consecutive snapshots Si
and Si+1, the events involving individuals are defined
as follows:
Appear: A node v is marked as appeared when it is in
the current snapshot but it was not in the previous
snapshot i.e
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7. Framework for Analysis of Dynamic Social Networks Evolution
V. EXPECTED EXPERIMENTAL RES ULTS : means a community has been formed and similarly
We have taken a sample dataset in order to disappearance of a colour shows the end of life
show the feasibility of the proposed events using our for that community.
framework. To visually track the evolution of 2.Also tracking the community transitions such as
communities, we have integrated our code into reformation, shrinkage, merger, and split are
Meerkat [10].This tool enables us to preview the graph almost possible by looking at Table 2.
of each timeframe and have the communities at each
timeframe marked with different colours. In fact these Disadvantages of Asur Framework :
colours are the notion of Community Flag and they 1.Since there is no notion of a community identity in
come from the results of our event-detection formulas. Asur framework, determining a map from
communities in one snapshot to another is
Without loss of generality, we will choose impossible.
only one year data set to reduce the graph size, and 2.There is no way to keep track of a specific
only considered people who had sent at least one community and its transitions over time when
email per day to filter out non-informative nodes. The using this framework.
resulting graph will b having almost 250 nodes and Thus, in order to compare the results found by the
1500 edges approximately. Lets set the snapshots to two frameworks, the number of events found by
be 1 month each and found the communities on each Asur and our framework are provided in Table 1
month by a local community mining algorithm with no and Table 2 respectively.
overlap between communities [4], provided in
Meerkat. Using Asur framework, most of the communities are
not marked by any event. On the other hand, our
framework detects exactly one of the continue, reform,
In order to evaluate our framework we have shrink, split, or dissolve events.
also implemented the event-based framework by Asur
et al. [8] which is the only framework that has an event Thus, the number of communities at each
based approach similar to our framework. Fig 8 shows snapshot is the same as the total number of continue,
the general view of communities in each snapshot. reform, shrink, split, and dissolve events. From Table
The area of each community in the figure is 2, we can observe that for the dataset, the reform and
proportional to the number of its members. dissolve events far outnumber the other events. The
high number of reform event indicates that most
communities do not change greatly between two
consecutive snapshots. However, the relatively high
number of dissolve event denotes that most of the
communities have short life cycles.
So we can conclude that in the dataset most
of the communities have a short life cycle and do not
change drastically.
Table 1. Number of events occurred for the dataset
using Asur Framework
Figure 8. shows the general view of communities in
each snapshot.
Advantage of our Framework:
1. By assigning colours to the different flags, one can
easily make a map between communities through
snapshots(the communities without any color are
the ones that only exist for one snapshot). For
example,appearance of a colour in a snapshot
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8. Framework for Analysis of Dynamic Social Networks Evolution
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9. Framework for Analysis of Dynamic Social Networks Evolution
Computational Aspects of Social Networks She is currently working as a Lecturer in
(CASoN), Fontainebleau, France, June 24-27, K.L.E.IT, Hubli since 2011.
2009.
[12] Chen, J., Za¨ıane, O., and Goebel, R., ―Detecting Mr. Kiran B. Malagi 3 .is from Hubli,
Communities in Social Networks using Max- India. He has born on 8th July 1981.
Min Modularity,‖ SIAM International He has received the B.E. degree in
Conference on Data Mining (SDM’09), Sparks, Computer Science and Engineering
Nevada, USA, April 30- May 2, 2009. from Visvesvaraya Technological
[13] Lada A. Adamic, Orkut Buyukkokten, and University , India in the year 2005 and the M.Tech
Eytan Adar, A Social Network Caught in the degree in Computer science and Engineering from the
Web First Monday, 8(6), 2003. Visvesvaraya Technological University ,India in the
[14] D. Liben-Nowell, J. Novak, R. Kumar, P. year 2010.
Raghavan, A. Tomkins. Geographic routing in He has been working in the area of data
social networks. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, mining and social networking since 2010. He worked
102(Aug 2005). as Lecturer and head about 6 years .He is currently
[15] F. Viegas and M. Smith. Newsgroup Crowds working as an Assistant Professor in K.L.E.IT, Hubli,
and AuthorLines. Hawaii Intl. Conf. Sys. Sci. India since 2010.
2004.
[16] C. Borgs, J. Chayes, M. Mahdian and A. Saberi.
Exploring the community structure of
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Biographies:
is from Hubli, India. She has
born on 7th June 1974. She has
received the B.E. degree in
Electronics and Communication
from Karnataka University, India
Karuna C. Gull1 in the year 1996 and the M.Tech
degree in Computer science and
Engineering from the
Visvesvaraya Technological
University ,India in the year
2008.
She has been working in the area of data
mining and social networking since 2009. She has
published 1International paper on Data Mining (2009),
2 International papers on Image Processing (2011). She
has also published 3 National and 4 International
papers in Conference Proceedings. She has also
attended many of the workshops and conferences
held in different places on High Impact Teaching
Skills, Embedded System Using Microcontroller,
Information Storage and Management (ISM) , Data
Mining, and many more. She worked as a Lecturer and
Senior Lecturer for about 10 years .She is currently
working as an Assistant Professor in K.L.E.IT, Hubli,
India since 2011.
Akshata Angadi 2 received the BE degree in Computer
Science from Visvesvaraya Technological
University,India in 2011.
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