CubeSats / Small Missions are an exciting revolution in Space Exploration. However, for them to be viable, a new way of selecting, qualifying, and testing their electronics must be identified. In this enlightening presentation, Dr. Craig Hillman provides insight into some of the limitations of the existing approach, surprises about the quality and reliability of commercial off the shelf electronics, and some critical thoughts on return on investment and the justification for virtual simulations
Geo-Search: Serving Location Based Search Results for Onsite Search. How Lokku's geo-coding and geo-build skills provide forward geocoding for address data to enable onsite location based search results that allow users to search for a place using their natural language for places, such as streets and colloquial names. How Lokku's geocoder can help provide more accurate location based search results for onsite search
The CustomerLoop Customer Advisory Board modelChristine Nolan
Customer Advisory Board success is dependent on driving value for both the company and customers. This presentation shares strategies, a process and tips for success.
Design for Manufacturing: Challenges & OpportunitiesCheryl Tulkoff
In the electronics industry. the quality and reliability of any product is highly dependent upon the capability of the manufacturing supplier, regardless of whether it is a contractor or a captured shop. Manufacturing issues are one of the top reasons that companies fail to meet warranty expectations, which can result in severe financial pain and eventual loss of market share. What a surprising number of engineers and managers fail to realize is that focusing on processes addresses only part of the issue. Design plays a critical role in the success or failure of manufacturing and assembly.
Designing printed boards today is more difficult than ever before because of the increased lead free process temperature requirements and associated changes required in manufacturing. Not only has the density of the electronic assembly increased, but many changes are taking place throughout the entire supply chain regarding the use of hazardous materials and the requirements for recycling. Much of the change is due to the European Union (EU) Directives regarding these issues. The RoHS and REACH directives have caused many suppliers to the industry to rethink their materials and processes. Thus, everyone designing or producing electronics has been or will be affected.
This presentation provides a comprehensive insight into the areas where design plays an important role in the manufacturing process. This workshop addresses the increasingly sophisticated PCB fabrication technologies and processes.
Geo-Search: Serving Location Based Search Results for Onsite Search. How Lokku's geo-coding and geo-build skills provide forward geocoding for address data to enable onsite location based search results that allow users to search for a place using their natural language for places, such as streets and colloquial names. How Lokku's geocoder can help provide more accurate location based search results for onsite search
The CustomerLoop Customer Advisory Board modelChristine Nolan
Customer Advisory Board success is dependent on driving value for both the company and customers. This presentation shares strategies, a process and tips for success.
Design for Manufacturing: Challenges & OpportunitiesCheryl Tulkoff
In the electronics industry. the quality and reliability of any product is highly dependent upon the capability of the manufacturing supplier, regardless of whether it is a contractor or a captured shop. Manufacturing issues are one of the top reasons that companies fail to meet warranty expectations, which can result in severe financial pain and eventual loss of market share. What a surprising number of engineers and managers fail to realize is that focusing on processes addresses only part of the issue. Design plays a critical role in the success or failure of manufacturing and assembly.
Designing printed boards today is more difficult than ever before because of the increased lead free process temperature requirements and associated changes required in manufacturing. Not only has the density of the electronic assembly increased, but many changes are taking place throughout the entire supply chain regarding the use of hazardous materials and the requirements for recycling. Much of the change is due to the European Union (EU) Directives regarding these issues. The RoHS and REACH directives have caused many suppliers to the industry to rethink their materials and processes. Thus, everyone designing or producing electronics has been or will be affected.
This presentation provides a comprehensive insight into the areas where design plays an important role in the manufacturing process. This workshop addresses the increasingly sophisticated PCB fabrication technologies and processes.
As wearable electronics become increasingly important to our daily lives, it is important that designers, suppliers, manufacturers, and users understand the 'special sauce' that will make this new technology sufficiently robust and reliable for the marketplace
Improved efficiency & reliability for servers using immersion cooling technologyASQ Reliability Division
Data centers have traditionally been high power consumers. In a “green” data center, instead of being air-cooled, servers are submerged in a non-toxic dielectric fluid that is 1200 times more effective at whisking away heat. By using state of the art liquid immersion cooling, the power required to run each server is reduced by up to 50% and the power required to cool a server room is reduced by up to 90%. For perspective, power costs represent from 25-40% of monthly data center operating expenses. Any energy expended other than that to drive the IT Load contributes to inefficiency.
Immersion technology largely eliminates the temperature swings that can lead to processor and electronics failures. Micro-arcing is also eliminated as a concern since there is no dust or oxygen in the oil environment. There is also a potential to further mitigate against tin whisker failures since the bath could break whiskers or coat them to prevent shorts. Risk of failure due to airborne contaminants like dust, debris, and corrosive gases is eliminated. The improved heat dissipation of immersion technology also allows comfortable operation of cutting-edge, higher powered servers. So, an immersion cooled data center draws much less power and consequently has a smaller carbon footprint than conventional data centers.
Preparing a server for immersion is fairly straightforward. Simply remove the fans, replace any thermal paste with foil, and encapsulate the boot disk or use a solid state drive ( SSD). Working on a server is equally straightforward. Pull the server out of the fluid and wait for it to drain. Keep a nearby paper towel for any drips.
Preventing Pad Cratering During ICT Using SherlockCheryl Tulkoff
Pad cratering is defined as cracking which initiates within the laminate during a dynamic mechanical event such as In Circuit Testing (ICT), board depanelization, connector insertion, and other shock and vibration inducing activities.
Simulation can be used to prevent this serious but prevalent failure. Pad cratering was first recognized in BGA packages but newer leadless, bottom termination components are also vulnerable.
MTBF is a common metric among practitioners and users of reliability prediction, safety assurance, and maintenance planning. However, there are a number of significant flaws and limitations with this approach. This presentation goes through those limitations and uses that information to suggest alternatives that may provide much greater insight into product performance.
Six reasons certification is essential white papersmithponting
Economic turmoil is shining a bright light on the
value of services used by IT departments. Among
them are the services used to deploy and maintain
enterprise network infrastructure. Infrastructure
includes copper and fiber cabling, and it is the
foundation of the network. This white paper identifies the
specific benefits afforded by cable certification and
how much it pays back to the network owner.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdfPeter Spielvogel
Building better applications for business users with SAP Fiori.
• What is SAP Fiori and why it matters to you
• How a better user experience drives measurable business benefits
• How to get started with SAP Fiori today
• How SAP Fiori elements accelerates application development
• How SAP Build Code includes SAP Fiori tools and other generative artificial intelligence capabilities
• How SAP Fiori paves the way for using AI in SAP apps
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Le nuove frontiere dell'AI nell'RPA con UiPath Autopilot™UiPathCommunity
In questo evento online gratuito, organizzato dalla Community Italiana di UiPath, potrai esplorare le nuove funzionalità di Autopilot, il tool che integra l'Intelligenza Artificiale nei processi di sviluppo e utilizzo delle Automazioni.
📕 Vedremo insieme alcuni esempi dell'utilizzo di Autopilot in diversi tool della Suite UiPath:
Autopilot per Studio Web
Autopilot per Studio
Autopilot per Apps
Clipboard AI
GenAI applicata alla Document Understanding
👨🏫👨💻 Speakers:
Stefano Negro, UiPath MVPx3, RPA Tech Lead @ BSP Consultant
Flavio Martinelli, UiPath MVP 2023, Technical Account Manager @UiPath
Andrei Tasca, RPA Solutions Team Lead @NTT Data
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to Production
Alternative Methods for Qualifying EEE Parts for CubeSats
1. 9000 Virginia Manor Rd Ste290, Beltsville MD 20705 | 301-474-0607 | www.dfrsolutions.com
Alternative Methods to Qualify EEE parts for Small Missions
Ed Wyrwas and Craig Hillman
September 10, 2014
NASA Goddard
Greenbelt, MD
2. 9000 Virginia Manor Rd Ste290, Beltsville MD 20705 | 301-474-0607 | www.dfrsolutions.com
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My First Experience with Space Qualification
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oWhat is Qualification?
oTypically a series of physical tests designed to assess robustness or suitability
oWhy Do We Qualify Electronic Parts?
oConditions not considered by the manufacturer (radiation, outgassing)
oConditions beyond the manufacturer’s specifications (temperature)
oConcern about overall quality / robustness
Part Qualification
4. 9000 Virginia Manor Rd Ste290, Beltsville MD 20705 | 301-474-0607 | www.dfrsolutions.com
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oSometimes, qualification is combined with screening to create ‘qualified’ parts or parts of a certain ‘grade’
Part Qualification (cont.)
5. 9000 Virginia Manor Rd Ste290, Beltsville MD 20705 | 301-474-0607 | www.dfrsolutions.com
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oIs there a need to continue to use ‘qualified’ parts for Small Missions (i.e., CubeSats)?
oThe primary driver for part qualification, outside of manned space systems, is reliability and cost
oGiven the expected technology in Small Missions (COTS parts and boards) and size/weight, what reliability is sufficient and what expenditure can be justified based on cost?
Part Qualification and Small Missions
6. 5 9000 Virginia Manor Rd Ste 290, Beltsville MD 20705 | 301-474-0607 | www.dfrsolutions.com
o Studies have demonstrated that launch reliability has
stayed relatively constant over the past twenty (20) years
o Between 2 to 5% failure rate per launch
What is Launch Reliability?
o How much
more reliable
do Small
Missions need
to be?
7. 9000 Virginia Manor Rd Ste290, Beltsville MD 20705 | 301-474-0607 | www.dfrsolutions.com
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oSmall Missions are expected to be comprised of COTS technology to keep costs reasonable
oA decision on if and how to qualify these technologies can be partially based on their field performance
oWhile true field performance of COTS parts is difficult to obtain (don’t always believe the parts suppliers), there is publically available data on assemblies fabricated from COTS parts
What is COTS Reliability?
8. 9000 Virginia Manor Rd Ste290, Beltsville MD 20705 | 301-474-0607 | www.dfrsolutions.com
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oThe performance of automotive electronic modules in propulsion and safety is typically less than one (1) incident per thousand (IPTV) in the first 1-3 years
oExamples
oHyundai Brake Module: 0.3 IPTV (99.97%)
oGM Antilock Brake Module: 0.03 IPTV (99.997%)
oNissan Transmission Controller: 0.6 IPTV
COTS Reliability: Automotive Modules
9. 9000 Virginia Manor Rd Ste290, Beltsville MD 20705 | 301-474-0607 | www.dfrsolutions.com
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COTS Reliability: Apple iPad2
oMuch more complicated than an automotive module
oOver 1000 components
oOver 250 unique parts
oVery small components: 01005, 0201, 0402, 0603
oAlmost 25 ball grid arrays (BGA) with up to 1000 I/O
oHow reliable is this piece of consumer electronics?
10. 9000 Virginia Manor Rd Ste290, Beltsville MD 20705 | 301-474-0607 | www.dfrsolutions.com
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oTruly revolutionary: A consumer electronic as reliable (or more) than typical high-reliability electronics
oKey Drivers: More robust software, elimination of moving parts (fans, keyboard, hard drive)
oSmall Mission relevant failures drops failure rate closer to 0.1%
Warranty Returns: iPad2
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oWhat does it mean if a complex piece of consumer electronics, with state of the art technology, can be 99.9% reliable (and an average component failure rate of <1 ppm) with nospecial qualification and noscreening?
iPad2: Last Point
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oHow much can I spend to qualify electronics for Small Missions?
oKey issue for satellites is payload cost (weight)
oEstimates of cost-per-kilogram to launch into low-earth- orbit (LEO) range from $1500 (Falcon Heavy) to $15000 (Atlas V)(GEO 2X to 5X higher)
oSome definitions ofCubeSatplace the mass as no more than 1.33 kilograms(and the iPad2 is 0.6 kilograms)
Qualification Budget
http://space.stackexchange.com/questions/1989/what-is-the-current-cost-per-pound-to-send-something-into-leo
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/news/background/facts/astp.html_prt.htm
http://www.spacex.com/about/capabilities
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oThe payload cost of a Small Mission may be no more than $1000 to $20000
oActual cost of COTS electronics may be no more than $1-$2K
oHypothetical:
oAssuming a standard engineering return on investment (ROI) of 5:1, there may be $200 to $4000 for a qualification activity to increase the mission reliability from 94.97% to 94.99% (assumes 5% rate of launch failure)
Qualification Budget (cont.)
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What are Alternative Methods to Qualify EEE Parts?
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oConsider procuring known high-reliability COTS assembly
oWhat can the design team do with an iPad2?
oOr an automotive controller?
oWhat can be done through software instead of hardware?
oFor COTS parts, may need to evaluate lower cost methodologies
oRadiation
oTemperature
oQuality
oReliability
Alternative Methods to EEE Parts Qualification
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oReliability by similarity (RBS)
oFuture efforts can focus on part technology, especially power and analog, instead specific components
oConsider an Agile process
oIt may eventually be easier, cheaper, and more relevant to place it on the next launch and see what happens then to wait for availability at a ground facility
oWith evidence that newer digital semiconductor devices are more tolerant to Total Dose (TID), focus on fault tolerant system for single event effects (SEE)
oSoftware, shielding, supporting external circuits, etc.
Concerns with Radiation (nota Radiation Expert)
17. 9000 Virginia Manor Rd Ste290, Beltsville MD 20705 | 301-474-0607 | www.dfrsolutions.com
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oFocus on automotive grade
oSlightly more expensive then commercial, but typical range is -40C to 105C (much cheaper than military or space)
oConsider testing at board level then at component level
oHALT process
oDoesn’t pass cold?
oIt might be cheaper, and more reliable, to put in a mild environmental control system than upscreeningpiece parts or procuring a specialized component qualified down to those temperatures
Concerns with Temperature (Operational)
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oAutomotive grade should mean
oTested to one of the AEC qualification documents (Q100, Q101, Q200)
oIncludes rigorous process change notification
oCertified to ISO/TS-16949
oRequires a Production Part Approval Process (PPAP)[typically compliant to AIAG manual]; PPAP would include PFMEA, control plan, drawing, MSA, capability data, etc
oCommitment to Zero-Defect
oIn actuality, automotive grade means different things to different component suppliers (there is no standard)
What is Automotive Grade?
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oThe quality levels of certain COTS parts and assemblies may already be sufficient
oIt has been DfR Solutions experience with passive and discrete devices that the quality levels of top tier suppliers is higher than from lower tier suppliers that offer screening levels
oCase Study: Project with medical device OEM found commercial-grade ceramic capacitors had higher incoming quality than similar devices subjected to medical or military grade screening
Concerns about Quality
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oMost Small Missions are likely to have brief lifetimes
o1 month to 1 year
oA focus on long-term reliability, even under the extremes of space environment, may not be relevant
oRecent focus on high performance mobile applications can help extend lifetimes
oLower voltage, lower power reduces stress on active regions within the digital device
oWhen Small Missions have longer lifetimes, simulation may need to accentuate or replace actual testing
oBoth at part and assembly level
Concerns about Reliability
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Produces a
Failure Rate
EM
HCI
NBTI
TDDB
EM
HCI
NBTI
TDDB
EM
HCI
NBTI
TDDB
Acceleration Factors
Analysis of
Functional
Groups
Functional Group A Functional Group B Functional Group i
Simulated Device
Deconstruction
Device
Properties
Manufacturer
Testing
Functional Group A Functional Group B Functional Group i
Device
Accelerated
Failure Rate
Integrated Circuit Reliability: Multi-Mechanism Approach
o Models simultaneous
degradation behaviors of
multiple failure mechanisms on
integrated circuit devices
o Devised from published
research literature,
technological publications, and
accepted degradation models
from:
o NASAJPL
o Semiconductor Reliability
Community
22. 9000 Virginia Manor Rd Ste290, Beltsville MD 20705 | 301-474-0607 | www.dfrsolutions.com
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oSuppliers perform in-house EDA of their designs. Each design results in a table row of “critical constants.”
oAnalysis would quantify each of the transistor stress states necessary to degrade the transistors by each applicable mechanism during typical use duty cycles
oThe “counts” per failure mechanism type would be normalized for the IC or functional group within the IC (standard libraries)
oThis process would replace the current process of SPICE analysis on “assumed circuits”
oCharacterize electrical and thermal conditions of customer application and perform a prediction
Industry Effort: Developing Reliability ‘Packets’
23. 9000 Virginia Manor Rd Ste290, Beltsville MD 20705 | 301-474-0607 | www.dfrsolutions.com
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oEDA Sherlock FlothermSherlock Prediction: 8 hours
Assembly-Level Reliability –Virtual Power Cycling
3D Sherlock Model
Thermal Analysis Results
Lifetime Prediction
24. 9000 Virginia Manor Rd Ste290, Beltsville MD 20705 | 301-474-0607 | www.dfrsolutions.com
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oSmall Missions offer a great opportunity for the Space Community
oSuccess is dependent robust EEE systems within a particular cost and time envelope
oThere are opportunities and techniques that allow for robust EEE systems when leveraging existing knowledge and good engineering judgment
oWhat is the environment?
oWhat is the necessary reliability?
oWhat is the budget?
Conclusion