Towards cleaner India: Providing Clean Drinking Water and Proper Sanitation Facility to all. The document discusses the current poor status of sanitation in India, with over 50 million people defecating in the open daily. It outlines reasons for poor sanitation such as illiteracy and lack of awareness. Five cornerstones are proposed: awareness programs, improving hygiene, supplying filtered water, providing water storage, and adopting new techniques to reduce pipeline leakage. Challenges include economic issues, potential health effects of chlorination, and illiteracy hindering awareness programs. Investing in sanitation could enhance health and economic development, yet the sector remains neglected in India.

1. MANTHAN TOPIC:-
Towards cleaner India: Providing Clean Drinking
Water and Proper Sanitation Facility to all.
Team Details:
* Ayush Maheshwari.
* Anshul Maheshwari.
* Siddhant Gupta.
* Rounak Mundhra.
* Vikas Tiwari.

2. CURRENT STATUS OF SANITATION IN INDIA-
This is especially true for urban India. Growing slum population
and lack of adequate Sanitation over 50 million men, women and children to
defecate in the open every day.
Even today, millions of Indians are subjected to grave ill health,
increasing threats to Safety, lower spending on Education and Nutrition, – all
for want of a basic sanitation facility.
For the most part, open spaces used for
defecation are also the only open spaces for
children to play in.
Regular exposure to and direct contact with
faecal matter and
Drinking contaminated water induces
transmission of fatal Diseases such as
diarrhoea, parasitic infections, and worm
infections, especially children.

3. Reasons for poor sanitation
The basic
component of
sanitation is
illetracy.
Lack of
awareness.
• The use of water
harvesting system
is minimum.
Discharge of
industrial water
in river; both in
rural and urban
area.
• Use of water
without
purification.

4. Five cornerstones of
Sanitation
Awareness programme
should be communicated in
local languages on
sanitation.
Improving hygiene- The
most affordable and
effective way to prevent
diseases is to promote
hygiene in marginalized
communities.
Filter water should be
supplied in cities by local
bodies.
Water storage should be
provided in every rural area
such as water harvesting
system.
New technique should be
adopted to overcome the
leakage of pipelines
problems.

5. Problems Eradication
Techniques
• As our India is facing a lot of health related problems
due to lack of hygiene & cleanliness can be overcome
by proper Sanitation management.
• By minimisation of pipe leakage ,water can be
conserved.
• If water harvesting system is adopted in rural areas,
the problem of people for collecting water from miles
to miles can be minimized.

6. Policies involved in providing sanitation
in India
1951-Water supply sanitation is a part of first five year plan.
1980-Integrated low cost sanitation scheme is launched.
1987-National water policy drafted recognizing water as a basic right.
1999-Total sanitation campaign is launched in 559 rural districts in India.
2002-10th five year plan places significant emphasis on water supply and
sanitation.
2008-National urban sanitation policy is launched.
2010-India signs the UN convention on water and sanitation as a human right.
**Even after passing certain bills from the parliament, it
is not properly implemented on the right place at right
time.

7. Challenges to be faced
• Since, the water harvesting system is
expensive to be installed, thus economic crises
can be a challenge.
• Chlorination of water for filtration process can
cause skin diseases .
• For awareness in local areas, local people
should be trained, in which illiteracy can be a
obstruction.

8. Investment on sanitation
The rationale for sanitation investments is clear –
for every $1 spent on sanitation at least $9 is
saved in health, education and 19 economic
development.
The cost of not paying attention to sanitation is
enormous.
Investing in sanitation has the potential to greatly
enhance other development outcomes; yet this sector
in India remains largely neglected.

9. Case Study
 A major initiative launched by non profit gramalaya in 2000,
mobilizing women in the slums in self help groups (SHGs) and
launching an awareness campaign on sanitation through
training.
 In February 2011 formal municipal commissioner of Nanded-
Waghala municipal corporation , along with his team decided
to use the opportunity afford by the national urban sanitation
policy which requires all cities to prepare a city sanitation
plan, to confront the sanitation challenge head on.
 Kalyani in west Bengal is the first town in India to be official
declared open defecation free (ODF). Dr. Shantanu jha, the
chairman of kalyani municipality council spread headed a
campaign in 2006 that mobilized slum dwellers to build their
own toilets. This eliminated open defecation in all 52 slums
across the city.

10. Conclusion
The fact that even nations with lower per capita
income such as Bangladesh and Pakistan are
scoring far better than India on various sanitation
indicators serves as a wakeup call.
Increasing levels of urbanization, rising densities
of slums make the need of sanitation more
urgent.

11. References-
Ministry of Home Affairs, Population Census of India, 2011
UNICEF India, Water, Environment and Sanitation
Ministry of Rural Development and Ministry of Urban Development,
Government of India, April 2011
Under the Guidelines of -
1 Dr. Supriya Biswas
2 Dr. S K Sar