All details About the Chawkie worms.pptx

DEPARTMENT OF SERICULTURE
SUBJECT: silkworm rearing technology
11/30/202
4
Dr Kuntamalla Sujatha, P. Mary Archana & M. Sai Abhishek 1
Dr. Kuntamalla Sujatha
P. Mary Archana
Asst Prof, Dept of Sericulture,
M.Sc Sericulture
Kakatiya University.
Madichetti Sai Abhishek,
Shodhana Labs,
Hyderabad.

11/30/2024
Dr Kuntamalla Sujatha, P
. Mary Archana & M. Sai Abhishek 2
CHAWKIE REARING IMPROVED
TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT

11/30/2024
CHAWKIE REARING INCREASE SPACING-
IMPROVED TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
The tetra moulters have five instars and four moults while the duration
of larval period is 26-27 day’s.(Season dependent)
Characters of chawkie worm
• Chawkie worms are resistant to adverse climatic conditions such as very
high and low temperature, humidity and bad ventilation.
• Cool conditions are bad for larvae throughout the growing stage, namely,
these conditions injure the health of larvae and lower the cocoon
quality.
• They are susceptible to infectious diseases like muscardiine, flacherie and
grasserie.
• They grow fast and need more spacing, They feed on tender and
succulent leaves with more moisture and protein with less fibre constant.

11/30/2024
• And they time of eating is shorter and the time movement is longer in the
Stadia of infant larvae than in that of grown once, and in the small
eating age then in voracious age .
• The amount of mulberry leaves supplied to silkworm is small in earlier
stadia, first to third stadia, the total amount of food is only about 3.9%
of the whole amount of the entire larval stage.
• Chawki worms like dim light hence ½ inch opening between the rearing
trays boxes are best.
• After a lot of research by Japanese scientist form 1913 different
technical details and scientific methods were evolved and recommended
to farmers.

11/30/2024
REARING HOUSE FOR INFANT SILKWORM.
 The rearing of infant silkworm must be favourable for physiology of
silkworm in order to keep the health of larvae and to gather good
quality cocoons.
 The rearing house for infant silkworm may also be used as an
incubation house of silkworm eggs
 The rearing house must be partitioned into several rooms, size of
which must be 5Mx5mx3M or more in order to be convenient for
rearing works
 Each room should be arranged with a fire place measuring 1m .sq in
the centre of the floor with five ventilating windows, one of which
is situated in the canter of the ceiling measuring 100cmx60cm and
other 4 windows on the four corners of the ceiling measures 60 cm
sq each

11/30/2024

11/30/2024
REARING TYPE OF INFANT SILKWORM
1.Box rearing
 Wood, zinc and alluminium plates are used as materials for
making box
 Wood for making box should be smelless, if box has smell, it
is recommende to spread the inside of box with lime water
 The size of the box should be convenient to use. Usually the
box is made the same size as that of the ordinary rearing
tray, having the depth of about 22cm. In the ordinary shelf
rearing, the size of box is 95cmx70cmx12cm.

11/30/2024

11/30/2024
2.Damp-proof-paper-rearing
 In order to prevent the rearing bed from desiccation, the bed is
covered with damp proof paper (paraffin paper), that is papers are
applied on under the bed during the first and second stadia and it is
applied only on the upper surface during the 3rd
stadium
 The paraffin for this purpose must be of good quality without the
smell of petroleum and its melting point must be above 50C
 The paraffin paper is desireable to be new and creaseless when it is
old and creasy, it must be applied in duplication

11/30/2024
REARING EQUIPMENTS
A bamboo trays of 3 metre diameter are more convenient to
maintain humidity and also for easily handling .
For 100 disease free laying.
 10 wooden trays of size 3¹x2¹x3¹ are required for 1 acre of
mulberry garden.
 For 250-300 layings to be reared, we need 25 to 30 trays
arranged one over the other, the legs of which are placed on
ant wells.
 In a room 10¹x12¹.45 trays can be accommodated with 15
trays in each block and 45 trays on a bench for 300 DFLS.

11/30/2024

11/30/2024
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
We have to maintain optimum temperature of 26 c-28 c and
⁰ ⁰
optimum humidity of 80% to 90%
 The low temperature below 25 c can be increased by
⁰
burning charcoal or room heater. If temperature is above
28 c it is reduced by using air coolers, and use of wet
⁰
gunny cloths for windows.

11/30/2024
INCUBATION OF THE EGGS
 On receiving quality layings, they have to be properly
preserved and incubated for uniform development and
uniform hatching of eggs which is done by black Boxing of
eggs.
 About 48 hours before hatching the embryo’s reaches the
pin head stage and 24 hour prior to hatching they attain
blue egg stage when black boxing is restored.

11/30/2024
BRUSHING
 It is a process of transferring the freshly hatched larvae to
the rearing bed using different techniques like feathers,
net/cloth/ husk method or net/fresh leaf method.
 After 2 hours of larva feeding the mulberry leaves are
spreaded on the rearing tray
 From the time of hatching till the completion of the
second moult it takes 9 to 10 days.

11/30/2024
MULBERRY LEAVES TO BE USED FOR
CHAWKIE WORMS.
 The main object of taking special attention/efforts is to raise
robust, healthy, vigorously growing worms so that they withstand
adverse climatic conditions and diseases in later stages, and also
to get bumper harvest,this can be done by providing mulberry
leaves suitable to various phases of growth in adequate quantity
at suitable interval of times depending upon the seasons.
 The leaves below the glossy leaf are richer in proteins, soluble
sugars, such leaves are tender and succulent.
 G2 mulberry variety was developed during 2003 it is a selection
from control pollinated hybrid of M. multicaulis x S34, which is
very nutritous and best suited for chawki silkworms.

11/30/2024
CHOPPING OF LEAVES
 The chopping should be :-
 1st
instar fine 0.5 to 1cm². — 1.5cm² to 2cm²
initial stage of first instar. End of first instar.
 The larval duration during 1st
instar is 3-3½ days.
 2nd
age - 2cm² - 4cm² normal as it nears the moulting, the leaves
should be reduced to 1 cm² by 1 instar and 1½ to 2cm² for the
second instar.
 The quantity of leaves for (20,000 larvale)/50 Dfls .
 1st
instar- 1.4kgs/50 Dfls .
 2nd
instar- 3.5 to 4kgs/50 Dfls.
 3rd
instar-8 to 12kgs /50 Dfls.

11/30/2024

11/30/2024
BED CLEANING
 Uneaten, half eaten leaves, litter accumulate and soils the bed,
this result in increase of bed humidity and temperature, there
by creates ideal conditions for multiplication of pathogens.
 Hence bed cleaning. In 1st
instar prior to 1st
moult.
 2nd
instar it is done twice.
 3rd
instar it is done three times.
 The net size should be bigger than the area of tray. It should be
2mm² wire mesh size during 1st
instar ,10mm²in 2nd
instar. The
nets should be uniformly spreaded prior to feeding.
 In the traditional system of chawkie rearing nearly 25-30% of
hatched worms go missing, hence 1st
bed cleaning in the 1st
instar is always not advised.

11/30/2024

11/30/2024
HANDLING OF SILKWORM DURING MORNING.
 Optimum rearing conditions, the worms takes 3-3½ days to settle for
1st
moult.
 1st
moult is 24hours.
 And it takes 2 to 2½ to go for 2nd
moult.
 While the second moulting duration is 18 to 20 hours. When the
worms are settling for moult the top paraffin paper and foam pads
are to removed to maintain dry conditions.
 Feeding is reduced.
 Bed seat thickness is reduced hence bed cleaning.
 After 2 to 3 hours after moulting tender leaves are given for the
moulted worms.
 Adequate spacing allows the left over leaves for quick drying/ above
the above conditions help in uniform moulting.

11/30/2024
BED DISINFECTANTS.
 Resham keet oushadh is applied as dust over the rearing bed ½
an hour before resuming leaf. After 1st
and 2nd
moults at rate of
60gm and 120gms for 1st
and 2nd
moult to prevent grasserie &
muscardine.

11/30/2024
TRANSPORTATION OF CHAWKIE WORMS.
 Chawki worms are supplied to the farmers after one or
two feeds after 2nd
moults .
 Transportation should be done during cooler hours in
evening to near by areas in trays, while to distant areas
through vehicles .
 Transportation of the worms along with leaves rolled into
small bundles placed in plastic trays is recommended by
CSRTI,Mysore for easy and safe way.

11/30/2024
ORGANISATION OF CHAWKIE REARING.
 Even under adverse climatic conditions.
 Common chawki rearing centres help to raise young age
silkworms that can spin successful cocoon crop with
minimum under adverse climatic conditions.
 Plan the rearing such that a time gap is left between two
crops. So that disinfection of the entire villages takes
place.
 A particular hybrid combination suitable for a particular
season is selected.
 A sericulturists gets 10 days holidays from each rearing so
he can pay the cost of service per 100 layings reared
upto 3rd
age.

11/30/2024
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM INTERNET

All details About the Chawkie worms.pptx

More Related Content

Similar to All details About the Chawkie worms.pptx

More from KUNTAMALLASUJATHA

Recently uploaded

All details About the Chawkie worms.pptx