Automata theory - describes to derives string from Context free grammar - derivation and parse tree
normal forms - Chomsky normal form and Griebah normal form
Dynamic Programming is a method for solving a complex problem by breaking it down into a collection of simpler subproblems, solving each of those subproblems just once, and storing their solutions using a memory-based data structure (array, map,etc).
Automata theory - describes to derives string from Context free grammar - derivation and parse tree
normal forms - Chomsky normal form and Griebah normal form
Dynamic Programming is a method for solving a complex problem by breaking it down into a collection of simpler subproblems, solving each of those subproblems just once, and storing their solutions using a memory-based data structure (array, map,etc).
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceresearchinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
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Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
2. Dynamic Programming
Dynamic Programming is a general algorithm design technique.
“Programming” here means “planning”.
Invented by American mathematician Richard Bellman in the 1950s to
solve optimization problems
Main idea:
solve several smaller (overlapping) subproblems
record solutions in a table so that each subproblem is only solved
once
final state of the table will be (or contain) solution
Dynamic programming vs. divide-and-conquer
partition a problem into overlapping subproblems and
independent ones
store and not store solutions to subproblems
4. Example: Fibonacci numbers
Computing the nth fibonacci number
using bottom-up iteration:
• f(0) = 0
• f(1) = 1
• f(2) = 0+1 = 1
• f(3) = 1+1 = 2
• f(4) = 1+2 = 3 ALGORITHM Fib(n)
• f(5) = 2+3 = 5 F[0] 0, F[1] 1
• for i 2 to n do
• F[i] F[i-1] + F[i-2]
• return F[n]
• f(n-2) =
• f(n-1) = extra space
• f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)
5. Examples of Dynamic Programming
Algorithms
Computing binomial coefficients
Warshall’s algorithm for transitive closure
Floyd’s algorithms for all-pairs shortest paths
Constructing an optimal binary search tree
Some instances of difficult discrete optimization
problems:
knapsack
6. Computing Binomial Coefficients
A binomial coefficient, denoted C(n, k), is the number of
combinations of k elements from an n-element set (0 ≤ k ≤ n).
Recurrence relation (a problem 2 overlapping problems)
C(n, k) = C(n-1, k-1) + C(n-1, k), for n > k > 0, and
C(n, 0) = C(n, n) = 1
Dynamic programming solution:
Record the values of the binomial coefficients in a table of n+1
rows and k+1 columns, numbered from 0 to n and 0 to k
respectively.
1
1 1
1 2 1
1 3 3 1
1 4 6 4 1
1 5 10 10 5 1
…
7. Transitive Closure
The transitive closure of a directed graph with n vertices can be
defined as the nxn matrix T = {tij}, in which the element in the
ith row (1 ≤ i ≤ n) and the jth column (1 ≤ j ≤ n) is 1 if there
exists a nontrivial directed path (i.e., a directed path of a positive
length) from the ith vertex to the jth vertex; otherwise, tij is 0.
Graph traversal-based algorithm and Warshall’s algorithm
3 3
1 1
4 4 0 0 1 0
2 0 0 1 0 2
1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Adjacency matrix 1 1 1 1
0 1 0 0 Transitive closure
8. Warshall’s Algorithm
• Main idea: Use a bottom-up method to construct the transitive closure of a given
digraph with n vertices through a series of nxn boolean matrices:
R(0),…, R(k-1), R(k) , …, R(n)
The question is: how to obtain R(k) from R(k-1) ?
R(k) : rij(k) = 1 in R(k) , iff
there is an edge from i to j; or
there is a path from i to j going through vertex 1; or
there is a path from i to j going through vertex 1 and/or 2; or
...
there is a path from i to j going through 1, 2, … and/or k
3 3 3 3 3
1 1 1 1 1
4 4 4 4 2 4
2 2 2 2
R(0) R(1) R(2) R(3) R(4)
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Does not allow an Allow 1 to be an Allow 1,2 to be an Allow 1,2,3 to be an Allow 1,2,3,4 to be an
intermediate node intermediate node intermediate node intermediate node intermediate node
9. Warshall’s Algorithm
In the kth stage: to determine R(k) is to determine if a path exists
between two vertices i, j using just vertices among 1,…,k
{
rij(k) = 1:
rij(k-1) = 1
or
(path using just 1 ,…,k-1)
(rik(k-1) = 1 and rkj(k-1)) = 1 (path from i to k
and from k to i
using just 1 ,…,k-1)
k
kth stage
i
Rule to determine whether rij (k) should be 1 in R(k) :
• If an element rij is 1 in R(k-1) , it remains 1 in R(k) .
j • If an element rij is 0 in R(k-1) ,it has to be changed
to 1 in R(k) iff the element in its row i and column k
and the element in its column j and row k are both
1’s in R(k-1).
10. Floyd’s Algorithm: All pairs shortest paths
All pairs shortest paths problem: In a weighted graph,
dij(k) = length of the
find shortest paths between every pair of vertices. shortest path from i to
j with each vertex
Applicable to: undirected and directed weighted graphs; numbered no higher
no negative weight. than k.
Same idea as the Warshall’s algorithm : construct
solution through series of matrices D(0) , D(1), …, D(n)
Example:
4 3 0 ∞ 4 ∞ 0 ∞ 4 ∞
1 1 0 6 3 1 0 5 3
1 ∞ ∞ 0 ∞
6 ∞ ∞ 0 ∞
1 5 ∞ 5 1 0 6 5 1 0
4
2 3 weight matrix distance matrix
11. Floyd’s Algorithm
D(k) : allow 1, 2, …, k to be intermediate vertices.
In the kth stage, determine whether the introduction of k as a new eligible
intermediate vertex will bring about a shorter path from i to j.
dij(k) = min{dij(k-1) , dik(k-1) + dkj(k-1} for k ≥ 1, dij(0) = wij
dik(k-1)
k
i
dkj(k-1) kth stage
dij(k-1)
j
12. General Comments
The crucial step in designing a dynamic
programming algorithm:
Deriving a recurrence relating a solution to
the problem’s current instance with
solutions of its smaller ( and overlapping)
subinstances.
13. The Knapsack Problem and Memory
Functions (1)
The problem
Find the most valuable subset of the given n
items that fit into a knapsack of capacity W.
Consider the following subproblem P(i, j)
Find the most valuable subset of the first i items
that fit into a knapsack of capacity j, where 1 ≤ i ≤
n, and 1≤ j ≤ W
Let V[i, j] be the value of an optimal solution to
the above subproblem P(i, j). Goal: V[n, W]
The question: What is the recurrence relation that
expresses a solution to this instance in terms of
solutions to smaller subinstances?
14. The Knapsack Problem and Memory
Functions (2)
The Recurrence
Two possibilities for the most valuable subset
for the subproblem P(i, j)
It does not include the ith item: V[i, j] = V[i-1, j]
It includes the ith item: V[i, j] = vi+ V[i-1, j – wi]
V[i, j] = max{V[i-1, j], vi+ V[i-1, j – wi] }, if j – wi ≥ 0
{ V[i-1, j] if j – wi < 0
V[0, j] = 0 for j ≥ 0 and V[i, 0] = 0 for i ≥ 0
15. Memory Functions
Memory functions: a combination of the top-down and bottom-
up method. The idea is to solve the subproblems that are
necessary and do it only once.
Top-down: solve common subproblems more than once.
Bottom-up: Solve subproblems whose solution are not necessary
for the solving the original problem.
ALGORITHM MFKnapsack(i, j)
if V[i, j] < 0 //if subproblem P(i, j) hasn’t been solved yet.
if j < Weights[i]
value MFKnapsack(i – 1, j)
else
value max(MFKnapsack(i – 1, j),
values[I] + MFKnapsck( i – 1, j – Weights[i]))
V[i, j] value
return V[i, j]