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Alcohol Prohibition
The 18th Amendment, ratified on January 29, 1919, enacted nationwide prohibition of alcohol in the United States, empowering both federal and state enforcement without clear definitions or penalties. Prohibition led to significant issues, including a rise in organized crime and a black market for alcohol, resulting in public discontent and illegal production. Ultimately, the national prohibition ended with the 21st Amendment on December 5, 1933, with Mississippi being the last state to lift it in 1966.
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Alcohol Prohibition
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- 2. America goes dry! •Jan. 16, 1919 • President Woodrow Wilson (1913-1921) • Jan 29, 1919, the 18th Amendment achieved the necessary three-fourths majority of state ratification • 1920
- 3. Origins • Concerned citizensbegun warning nearly 100 years earlier • 1826 American Temperance Society founded • WCTU • 1893 anti-Saloon League
- 5. Enforcing Prohibition • Thelaw gave exactly one year to get rid of the remaining alcohol
- 8. "Intoxicating liquors" it didnot define "intoxicating liquors" or provide penalties. It granted both the federal government and the states the power to enforce the ban by "appropriate legislation."
- 9. Problems Arise • Deathsin NY • 1919-20: aprox. 70 • 1926: aprox. 700
- 10. Organized Crime • Demandis higher than ever • Illegal producers and benders of alcohol were known as bootleggers. They would make homemade liquor however they could, • Off-the-graph prices • Control of the market
- 11. Rum Runs • Americansgot tired of "bath tub" alcohol • Alcohol traffic A. Canada • Navy & Coast Guard vs. Rum Runner boats
- 12. Mafia • Bribes • "Turfs" •Corruption in politics and law enforcement
- 14. Prohibition Ends • 12/5/1933 •failing fully to enforce sobriety and costing billions • 21st Amendment to the Constitution was passed and ratified, ending national Prohibition. • Mississippi, the last dry state in the Union, ended Prohibition in 1966.
- 16. Started • Clara Barton •and acquaintances founded the American Red Cross in Washington, D.C. on May 21, 188 • first congressional charter in 1900 • WWI • 107 - 20mil 11mil • influenza epidemic of 1918.