Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879 and moved to Switzerland for school and work, obtaining Swiss citizenship. He published several influential papers on physics between 1905-1921, including his theory of special relativity, which earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 and made him one of the most famous scientists in history. Einstein immigrated to the United States in 1932 to escape the rise of the Nazi regime in Germany, and spent the rest of his life teaching and working in America until his death in 1955.