Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist and philosopher of science best known for developing the theory of relativity and his mass–energy equivalence formula E=mc2. He was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879 and later moved to Zurich, Switzerland where he studied physics and mathematics, obtaining his doctorate in 1905. During his life, Einstein revolutionized the field of physics with his theories of special and general relativity and made major contributions to the foundation of modern physics.