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This document provides guidance on writing summaries, including defining a summary, characteristics of a good summary, techniques for writing summaries, and the steps to write a summary. A summary is a shortened version of the original text that retains the essential information in your own words. It should be understandable without referring to the original, faithful to the ideas of the original, brief without unnecessary details, and cohesive. Techniques for writing summaries include paraphrasing, condensing sentences, and finding the topic sentence and outline. The steps for writing a summary are to read the original carefully, identify the thesis statement and major ideas, avoid direct quotations, use transition words, and make the summary 1/4 to 1/3 the length of the
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Summary writing tips and techniques
This document provides guidance on writing summaries. It defines a summary as a shortened version of the original text that retains the essential information. A good summary is brief, understandable without referring to the original, and contains only the ideas from the original. The document outlines techniques for writing summaries, including paraphrasing, identifying the central ideas, condensing information, and finding the topic sentence. It also describes the steps to write a summary, such as reading, rereading to identify sections, writing one-sentence summaries, formulating a thesis statement, and editing the draft.
Summary writing tips and techniques
This document provides instruction on how to write a summary. It defines a summary as a shortened version of the original text that retains the essential information in your own words. A good summary is brief, understandable without referring to the original, and contains only the ideas from the original in a unified whole. The document outlines techniques for writing summaries, such as paraphrasing, identifying the central ideas, condensing information, and finding the topic sentence. It also describes the steps to write a summary, which include reading, rereading, writing section summaries, formulating a thesis statement, and editing the draft.
Summary Writing
This document provides guidance on writing summaries. It defines a summary as a shortened version of the original text that retains the essential information. A good summary is brief, understandable without referring to the original, and contains only the ideas from the original. The document recommends techniques for writing summaries, such as paraphrasing using one's own words, finding the topic sentence, and making an outline. It outlines the steps to write a summary, including reading the original text multiple times, taking notes, formulating a thesis statement, and editing the draft.
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The definition of summary is a statement presenting the main points. An example of summary is a type of review of what happened at a meeting.
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The document provides an overview of how to write a concise summary. It defines a summary as a shortened passage that retains the essential information of the original in the writer's own words. It lists the key characteristics of a good summary as being understandable without reference to the original, faithfully reproducing only the original ideas, and being brief without unnecessary details. The document outlines techniques for writing summaries, such as paraphrasing the original text in one's own words, condensing details, and finding the topic sentence and main ideas to create an outline. It describes the steps to write a summary as reading the original carefully, understanding the central ideas, writing one-sentence summaries of each section, forming a thesis statement, and drafting and
Summary writing
This document discusses techniques for writing effective summaries. A summary is a shortened version that retains the essential information from the original text without making judgments. It should be understandable without referring to the original, faithful to the ideas in the original, brief without unnecessary details, and a cohesive whole. Good techniques for summarizing include paraphrasing the text in one's own words, using synonyms, changing sentence structures, and combining sentences. The steps to write a summary are to identify the main theme, divide the text into sections and label them, summarize each section in one sentence, join the ideas with transition words, omit unnecessary details and opinions, and conclude with a statement of what was learned from the text.
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A precis is a condensed summary of a document that is approximately 1/3 the length of the original. It involves carefully reading the document to understand the main topic and key details, then rewriting it in your own words in a clear, succinct manner using indirect speech. The precis should have a title, include all essential information, and be a cohesive whole while omitting unnecessary examples, illustrations, or repetitions. Writing a precis is a valuable exercise that teaches concentration, understanding a document's most important ideas, and expressing ones thoughts concisely.
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Summary writing tips and techniques
This document provides guidance on writing summaries. It defines a summary as a shortened version of the original text that retains the essential information. A good summary is brief, understandable without referring to the original, and contains only the ideas from the original. The document outlines techniques for writing summaries, including paraphrasing, identifying the central ideas, condensing information, and finding the topic sentence. It also describes the steps to write a summary, such as reading, rereading to identify sections, writing one-sentence summaries, formulating a thesis statement, and editing the draft.
Summary writing tips and techniques
This document provides instruction on how to write a summary. It defines a summary as a shortened version of the original text that retains the essential information in your own words. A good summary is brief, understandable without referring to the original, and contains only the ideas from the original in a unified whole. The document outlines techniques for writing summaries, such as paraphrasing, identifying the central ideas, condensing information, and finding the topic sentence. It also describes the steps to write a summary, which include reading, rereading, writing section summaries, formulating a thesis statement, and editing the draft.
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This document provides guidance on writing summaries. It defines a summary as a shortened version of the original text that retains the essential information. A good summary is brief, understandable without referring to the original, and contains only the ideas from the original. The document recommends techniques for writing summaries, such as paraphrasing using one's own words, finding the topic sentence, and making an outline. It outlines the steps to write a summary, including reading the original text multiple times, taking notes, formulating a thesis statement, and editing the draft.
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The document provides an overview of how to write a concise summary. It defines a summary as a shortened passage that retains the essential information of the original in the writer's own words. It lists the key characteristics of a good summary as being understandable without reference to the original, faithfully reproducing only the original ideas, and being brief without unnecessary details. The document outlines techniques for writing summaries, such as paraphrasing the original text in one's own words, condensing details, and finding the topic sentence and main ideas to create an outline. It describes the steps to write a summary as reading the original carefully, understanding the central ideas, writing one-sentence summaries of each section, forming a thesis statement, and drafting and
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This document discusses techniques for writing effective summaries. A summary is a shortened version that retains the essential information from the original text without making judgments. It should be understandable without referring to the original, faithful to the ideas in the original, brief without unnecessary details, and a cohesive whole. Good techniques for summarizing include paraphrasing the text in one's own words, using synonyms, changing sentence structures, and combining sentences. The steps to write a summary are to identify the main theme, divide the text into sections and label them, summarize each section in one sentence, join the ideas with transition words, omit unnecessary details and opinions, and conclude with a statement of what was learned from the text.
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A precis is a condensed summary of a document that is approximately 1/3 the length of the original. It involves carefully reading the document to understand the main topic and key details, then rewriting it in your own words in a clear, succinct manner using indirect speech. The precis should have a title, include all essential information, and be a cohesive whole while omitting unnecessary examples, illustrations, or repetitions. Writing a precis is a valuable exercise that teaches concentration, understanding a document's most important ideas, and expressing ones thoughts concisely.
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An infinitive is formed with "to" plus the base form of a verb and can function as a noun, adjective, or adverb. An infinitive phrase includes an infinitive and any other words needed to complete its meaning. Examples are provided of sentences containing infinitive phrases, with the phrases underlined and infinitives double underlined. Non-examples are also given to distinguish infinitives from prepositional phrases.
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The document discusses various English tenses and aspects. It covers the present, past, and perfect tenses. It describes the forms and functions of the present simple, present continuous, past simple, past continuous, present perfect, present perfect continuous, past perfect, and future. It also discusses the progressive and perfect aspects. Examples are provided to illustrate the different tenses and aspects. Key terms mentioned include speech time, tense, aspect, perfective, imperfective, and progressive.
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- 2. Objectives 1. Give an appropriate definition for a summary 2. Know the characteristics of a good summary 3. Learn the techniques in summary writing 4. Learn the steps in summary writing 5. Practice
- 3. I. What is a summary? A summary is a shortened passage, which retains the essential information of the original. It is a fairly brief restatement --- in your own words ---of the contents of a passage. Note: you simply report back what the writer has said, without making value judgments.
- 4. II. Characteristics of a good summary Can be understood without reference to the original; Is a faithful reproduction of, or contains only the ideas or information of, the original; Is brief without any unnecessary detail; Is a readable unified whole
- 5. III. Techniques in summary writing 1. Paraphrasing To paraphrase means to completely and correctly express other people’s ideas in one’s own words.
- 6. Examples: 1. You’ve cooked us all a hot potato. (a troublesome person or issue) 2.Prevention is better than cure. (It is better to prevent something unpleasant from happening than try to put it right afterwards.)
- 7. ★It helps us understand the original better. ★It helps us grasp the central idea and the main points. ★It helps us write summaries that are brief and to the point, and in our own words. The importance of paraphrasing
- 8. Steps of paraphrasing ★Read the original carefully and comprehend its meaning wholly and correctly. ★Consider the original article as a whole, not in isolated sentences.
- 9. 1. Ways of condensation Use synonyms or synonymous phrases He had a good command of English. Change the structure of simple sentences My brother has an appreciation of modern art. III. Techniques in summary writing He knew English well. My brother appreciates modern art.
- 10. Turn complex sentences into simple sentences He received a welcome that was as cold as ice. Combine the sentences Hurry up. If you don’t, you’ll miss the train. He received an icy welcome. Hurry up or you’ll miss the train.
- 11. 1. Finding the topic sentence and making an outline topic sentence / outline
- 12. IV. How to write a summary? 1. The importance of summary writing 2. Necessary elements for a good summary Proper citation title, author, source; date of publication and the text (journal articles)
- 13. Thesis statement the topic or general subject matter of the text; the author’s major assertion, comment, or position on the topic
- 14. Supporting ideas major supporting ideas; relationships among these ideas no specifics the author’s purpose in writing no personal opinions, ideas, and inferences.
- 15. Grammar and the structure of writing avoid direct quotation; use transitional words Length 1/4 to 1/3 of the original
- 16. Summary Task Write a summary about why caterpillars are dangerous.
- 17. Which of the following is relevant and irrelevant?