This document describes techniques for crawling and indexing AJAX applications to make their content searchable. It presents a model for representing AJAX applications as states and transitions between states triggered by events. It proposes using a heuristic approach to identify "hot nodes" that fetch content, caching their results to avoid duplicate network requests. An optimized crawling algorithm is shown to intercept and reuse cached hot node results. The architecture of a search engine is outlined along with experimental results on YouTube datasets, showing the hot node caching improves crawl time and parallelization further reduces it.
A three hour tutorial I gave at PHP Quebec on the challenges, theory, and concepts behind making asynchronous JavaScript calls for Web 2.0 Applications using PHP
Ajax stands for Asynchronous JavaScript and Xml. Ajax is not a single technology, but a group of technologies. HTML and CSS can be used in combination to mark up and style information. The DOM is accessed with JavaScript to dynamically display, and allow the user to interact with, the information presented. JavaScript and the XMLHttpRequest object provide a method for exchanging data asynchronously between browser and server to avoid full page reloads.
Bally Chohan IT Solution is an UK based IT Agency that provides IT services such as Web Development, Web Designing, E-commerce development etc.
This presentation introduces AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) explaining the details of implementation and constraints in design and also present a sample example for coding a simple ajax powered web page.
A three hour tutorial I gave at PHP Quebec on the challenges, theory, and concepts behind making asynchronous JavaScript calls for Web 2.0 Applications using PHP
Ajax stands for Asynchronous JavaScript and Xml. Ajax is not a single technology, but a group of technologies. HTML and CSS can be used in combination to mark up and style information. The DOM is accessed with JavaScript to dynamically display, and allow the user to interact with, the information presented. JavaScript and the XMLHttpRequest object provide a method for exchanging data asynchronously between browser and server to avoid full page reloads.
Bally Chohan IT Solution is an UK based IT Agency that provides IT services such as Web Development, Web Designing, E-commerce development etc.
This presentation introduces AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) explaining the details of implementation and constraints in design and also present a sample example for coding a simple ajax powered web page.
Introduction, Technologies included in ajax,
Ajax Evolution,
Pro’s and Con’s,
Beginners Problem?,
Types and choices of request,
Ajax on hands (Example),
Global Ajax Event Handlers,
Helper Functions,
Low Level interface,
Shorthand Methods for Ajax request.
Introduction to AJAX, Reverse Ajax for beginners.
A presentation on Ajax, Reverse Ajax suitable for college level presentations and seminars.Contains 30 slides with example
Presented this talk at AltConf 2019. Covers typical REST API approach to syncing data between servers and mobile apps; then discusses how new eventually consistent databases with syncing technology built in can be used to make syncing simpler and easier to work with.
Ajax stands for Asynchronous JavaScript and Xml. Ajax is not a single technology, but a group of technologies. HTML and CSS can be used in combination to mark up and style information. The DOM is accessed with JavaScript to dynamically display, and allow the user to interact with, the information presented. JavaScript and the XMLHttpRequest object provide a method for exchanging data asynchronously between browser and server to avoid full page reloads.
Bally Chohan IT Solution is an UK based IT Agency that provides IT services such as Web Development, Web Designing, E-commerce development etc.
Introduction, Technologies included in ajax,
Ajax Evolution,
Pro’s and Con’s,
Beginners Problem?,
Types and choices of request,
Ajax on hands (Example),
Global Ajax Event Handlers,
Helper Functions,
Low Level interface,
Shorthand Methods for Ajax request.
Introduction to AJAX, Reverse Ajax for beginners.
A presentation on Ajax, Reverse Ajax suitable for college level presentations and seminars.Contains 30 slides with example
Presented this talk at AltConf 2019. Covers typical REST API approach to syncing data between servers and mobile apps; then discusses how new eventually consistent databases with syncing technology built in can be used to make syncing simpler and easier to work with.
Ajax stands for Asynchronous JavaScript and Xml. Ajax is not a single technology, but a group of technologies. HTML and CSS can be used in combination to mark up and style information. The DOM is accessed with JavaScript to dynamically display, and allow the user to interact with, the information presented. JavaScript and the XMLHttpRequest object provide a method for exchanging data asynchronously between browser and server to avoid full page reloads.
Bally Chohan IT Solution is an UK based IT Agency that provides IT services such as Web Development, Web Designing, E-commerce development etc.
"AJAX = Asynchronous JavaScript and XML.
AJAX is a technique for creating fast and dynamic web pages.
AJAX allows web pages to be updated asynchronously by exchanging small amounts of data with the server behind the scenes. This means that it is possible to update parts of a web page, without reloading the whole page.
Classic web pages, (which do not use AJAX) must reload the entire page if the content should change.
Lessons from the Trenches: Engineering Great AJAX Experiencesgoodfriday
Explore the challenges and lessons learned developing the Windows Live and Gadgets Web client frameworks powering Windows Live, Hotmail (Kahuna beta), Spaces, and more. This technical talk presents design and architectural considerations for building interactive AJAX-like sites. See how componentization, network management, accessibility, page composition, and more impact the design and engineering of your Web application.
Mvc interview questions – deep dive jinal desaijinaldesailive
Can you describe ASP.NET MVC Request Life Cycle? 1. Receive request, look up Route object in RouteTable collection and create RouteData object. 2. Create RequestContext instance. 3. Create MvcHandler and pass RequestContext to handler. 4. Identify IControllerFactory from RequestContext. 5. Create instance of class that implements ControllerBase. 6. Call MyController.Execute method. 7. The ControllerActionInvoker determines which action to invoke on the controller and executes the action on the controller, which results in calling the model and returning a view.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithyg2nightmarescribd
Have you ever wanted a Ruby client API to communicate with your web service? Smithy is a protocol-agnostic language for defining services and SDKs. Smithy Ruby is an implementation of Smithy that generates a Ruby SDK using a Smithy model. In this talk, we will explore Smithy and Smithy Ruby to learn how to generate custom feature-rich SDKs that can communicate with any web service, such as a Rails JSON API.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
4. What is AJAX?
Asynchronous JavaScript and XML
AJAX applications
Google Mail, Yahoo! Mail, Google Maps.
No URL changing
5. Why Search Engines Ignore AJAX Content?
No caching/pre-crawl
Events cannot be cached.
Duplicate states.
Several events can lead to the same state.
Very granular events.
Lead to a large set of very similar states.
Infinite event invocation.
7. Event Model
When JavaScript is used, the application reacts to
user events: click, doubleClick, mouseover, etc.
Event structure in JavaScript:
8. AJAX Page Model
An AJAX application =
a simple page identified by an URL +
a series of states, events and transitions
Page model: a view of all states in a page (e.g., all
comment pages).
In particular it is an automaton, a Transition Graph,
which contains all application entities (states,
events, transition).
10. Model of An AJAX Web Page
Nodes: application state. An application
state is represented as a DOM tree.
Edges: transitions between states. A
transition is triggered by an event
activated on the source element
and applied to one or more target
elements, whose properties change
through an action.Annotation For The Transition
Graph of An AJAX Application
12. Now
Introduction
Modeling AJAX
AJAX Crawling
Architecture of A Search Engine
Experimental Results & Conclusions
13. Crawling Algorithm
Build the model of AJAX Web Site.
Focus on how to build the AJAX Page Model. (i.e.,
for YouTube, indexing all comment pages of a
video).
14. A Basic AJAX Crawling Algorithm
First Step:
Read the initial DOM of the
Document at a given URI.(line 2)
15. A Basic AJAX Crawling Algorithm
Next Step:
AJAX-specific and consists of
running the onLoad event of the
body tag in the HTML document.
(line 3)
All JavaScript-enabled browsers
invoke this function at first.
16. A Basic AJAX Crawling Algorithm
Crawling starts after this initial
state has been constructed.
(line 5)
The algorithm performs a breadth
-first crawling, i.e., it triggers all
events in the page and invokes
the corresponding JavaScript
function.
17. A Basic AJAX Crawling Algorithm
Whenever the DOM changes, a
new state is created (line 11) and
the corresponding transition is
added to the application model
(line 16).
18. Problem of The Basic Algorithm
The network time needed to fetch pages.
In case of AJAX Crawling, multiple individual events per
page lead to fetching network content.
Traditional way: pre-caching the Web and crawling
locally. Two pages can be checked to be identical
using a single URL.
19. A Heuristic Crawling Policy For AJAX Applications
We observe:
Stable structure,
Contains a menu, present in all states,
And a dynamic part.
By identifying the same state but without fetching
the content.
20. JavaScript Invocation Graph
The heuristic we use is based on the runtime
analysis of the JavaScript invocation graph.
21. JavaScript Invocation Graph
Events And Functionalities In The
JavaScript Invocation Graph
Nodes: JavaScript functions.
The functionally of an AJAX page is expressed
through events.
22. JavaScript Invocation Graph
Functions In The JavaScript Invocation
Graph On YouTube Page
Functions in the JavaScript code can be invoked
either directly by event triggers (event invocations)
or indirectly by other functions (local invocations).
24. JavaScript Invocation Graph
Hot Node: the functions that fetch
content from the server.
Hot Call: a call to a hot node
A single function fetches content from
the server, i.e.,
getURLXMLResponseAndFillDiv.
25. In AJAX, the same function can be invoked in order to
fetch the same content from the server from different
comment pages.
In this approach we detect this situation and we avoid
invoking the same function twice.
26. How to solve it?
We solve the problem of caching in AJAX applications
and detecting duplicate states by identifying and
reusing the result of server calls.
Just as in traditional I/O analysis in databases, we
tend to minimize the number of the most expensive
operations, i.e., the Hot Calls, invocations which
generate AJAX calls to the server.
28. Optimized Crawling Algorithm
Step 1: Identifying Hot Nodes.
The crawler tags the Hot Nodes,
i.e., the functions that directly
contain AJAX calls.(line 34)
29. Optimized Crawling Algorithm
Step 2: Building Hot Node
Cache.
The crawler builds a table
containing all Hot Node
invocations, the actual
parameters used in the call and
the results returned by the
server(line 34-53). This step
uses the current runtime stack
trace.
30. Optimized Crawling Algorithm
Step 3: Intercepting Hot Node
Calls.
The crawler adopts the following
policy:
1. Intercept all invocations of Hot Nodes
(functions) and actual parameters
(line 34).
2. Lookup any function call within the
Hot Node Cache (line 37-39).
3. If match is found (hot node with same
parameters) do not invoke AJAX call
and reuse existing content instead
(line 41).
31. Simplifying Assumptions
Snapshot Isolation
An application does not change during crawling.
No Forms
Do not deal with AJAX parts that require user inputting
data in forms, such as Google Suggest.
No Update Events
Avoid triggering update events, such as Delete buttons.
No Image-based Retrieval
34. Indexing
Starts from the model of the AJAX Site and builds
the physical inverted file.
Opposed to traditional way, a result is an URI and a
state.
35. Processing Simple Keyword Queries
Each query returns the URI and the state(s) which
contain the keywords.
Ranked by the score.
37. Processing Conjunctions
Conjunctions are computed as a merge between the
individual posting lists of the corresponding
keywords.
Entries are compatible if the URLs are compatible,
then if the States are identical.
38. Parallelization
Crawling AJAX faces the difficulty of not being able to really cache
dynamic Web content and network connections must continuously
be created.
39. Parallelization
A precrawler is used to build the traditional, linked-based Web
site structure.
The total list of URLs of AJAX Web pages is then partitioned
and supplied to a set of parallel crawlers.
42. Parallelization
Query processing is then performed by query shipping,
computing the results from each Index, and then performing
a merge of the individual results from each index, returning
the final list to the client.
43. Now
Introduction
Modeling AJAX
AJAX Crawling
Architecture of A Search Engine
Experimental Results & Conclusions
47. Crawling Time
The Hot Node heuristics is effective.
The heuristic approach of the Hot Nodes causes a 1.29
factor of improvement in crawling time as opposed to the
Non-Cached Approach.
51. Recall
For each query we evaluated the number of videos
returned by just using the traditional approach, as
opposed to the total number of videos returned in
the AJAX Crawl approach, when also comment
pages are taken into account.
52. Discussions
Combine with existing search engines.
Focusing on a specific user’s interaction with the
server.
Support more AJAX applications, such as forms.
Irrelevant events. This paper focus on the most
important events (click, doubelclick, mouseover).