Air traffic control (ATC) involves ground-based air traffic controllers who direct aircraft both on the ground and in the air. Controllers coordinate thousands of aircraft to keep them safely separated and efficiently moving. ATC is divided into airport, terminal, and en-route control. Airport control uses towers to visually direct ground movements. Terminal control uses TRACON radar to manage arrivals and departures within 5-50 miles of airports. En-route control uses ARTCC radar to direct cruising flights between terminals. Technologies like radar, call signs, and software help controllers safely manage the large volume of air traffic.
Principles of airline and airport managementJetline Marvel
Sushan Pradhan
Sushan Pradhan
Roll no: 27 ( BBA 2nd Year 4th Semester)
Institute: Agragami Group of Institutions
Topic: 1) Flight Information Display System
2) Reservation and Ticketing
3)Check in and Issue of Boarding Pass
4) Customs and immigration formalities
www.jetlinemarvel.net
A presentation by David Alexander, ICAO AVSEC PM, Professional Aviation Services.
Delivered during the 34th annual Southern African Transport Conference (SATC) held in Centurion, South Africa.
Name: HARIKRISHNAN U
REGNO:G1811013
TOPIC : AIRPORT OPERATIONS AND AIRPORT FUNCTIONS
COLLEGE: AGRAGAMI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, YELAHANKA, BANGALORE
www.jetlinemarvel.net
Principles of airline and airport managementJetline Marvel
Sushan Pradhan
Sushan Pradhan
Roll no: 27 ( BBA 2nd Year 4th Semester)
Institute: Agragami Group of Institutions
Topic: 1) Flight Information Display System
2) Reservation and Ticketing
3)Check in and Issue of Boarding Pass
4) Customs and immigration formalities
www.jetlinemarvel.net
A presentation by David Alexander, ICAO AVSEC PM, Professional Aviation Services.
Delivered during the 34th annual Southern African Transport Conference (SATC) held in Centurion, South Africa.
Name: HARIKRISHNAN U
REGNO:G1811013
TOPIC : AIRPORT OPERATIONS AND AIRPORT FUNCTIONS
COLLEGE: AGRAGAMI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, YELAHANKA, BANGALORE
www.jetlinemarvel.net
Fleet management these days is next to impossible without connected vehicle solutions. Why? Well, fleet trackers and accompanying connected vehicle management solutions tend to offer quite a few hard-to-ignore benefits to fleet managers and businesses alike. Let’s check them out!
Comprehensive program for Agricultural Finance, the Automotive Sector, and Empowerment . We will define the full scope and provide a detailed two-week plan for identifying strategic partners in each area within Limpopo, including target areas.:
1. Agricultural : Supporting Primary and Secondary Agriculture
• Scope: Provide support solutions to enhance agricultural productivity and sustainability.
• Target Areas: Polokwane, Tzaneen, Thohoyandou, Makhado, and Giyani.
2. Automotive Sector: Partnerships with Mechanics and Panel Beater Shops
• Scope: Develop collaborations with automotive service providers to improve service quality and business operations.
• Target Areas: Polokwane, Lephalale, Mokopane, Phalaborwa, and Bela-Bela.
3. Empowerment : Focusing on Women Empowerment
• Scope: Provide business support support and training to women-owned businesses, promoting economic inclusion.
• Target Areas: Polokwane, Thohoyandou, Musina, Burgersfort, and Louis Trichardt.
We will also prioritize Industrial Economic Zone areas and their priorities.
Sign up on https://profilesmes.online/welcome/
To be eligible:
1. You must have a registered business and operate in Limpopo
2. Generate revenue
3. Sectors : Agriculture ( primary and secondary) and Automative
Women and Youth are encouraged to apply even if you don't fall in those sectors.
Core technology of Hyundai Motor Group's EV platform 'E-GMP'Hyundai Motor Group
What’s the force behind Hyundai Motor Group's EV performance and quality?
Maximized driving performance and quick charging time through high-density battery pack and fast charging technology and applicable to various vehicle types!
Discover more about Hyundai Motor Group’s EV platform ‘E-GMP’!
In this presentation, we have discussed a very important feature of BMW X5 cars… the Comfort Access. Things that can significantly limit its functionality. And things that you can try to restore the functionality of such a convenient feature of your vehicle.
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5 Warning Signs Your BMW's Intelligent Battery Sensor Needs AttentionBertini's German Motors
IBS monitors and manages your BMW’s battery performance. If it malfunctions, you will have to deal with an array of electrical issues in your vehicle. Recognize warning signs like dimming headlights, frequent battery replacements, and electrical malfunctions to address potential IBS issues promptly.
What Does the PARKTRONIC Inoperative, See Owner's Manual Message Mean for You...Autohaus Service and Sales
Learn what "PARKTRONIC Inoperative, See Owner's Manual" means for your Mercedes-Benz. This message indicates a malfunction in the parking assistance system, potentially due to sensor issues or electrical faults. Prompt attention is crucial to ensure safety and functionality. Follow steps outlined for diagnosis and repair in the owner's manual.
Ever been troubled by the blinking sign and didn’t know what to do?
Here’s a handy guide to dashboard symbols so that you’ll never be confused again!
Save them for later and save the trouble!
Symptoms like intermittent starting and key recognition errors signal potential problems with your Mercedes’ EIS. Use diagnostic steps like error code checks and spare key tests. Professional diagnosis and solutions like EIS replacement ensure safe driving. Consult a qualified technician for accurate diagnosis and repair.
"Trans Failsafe Prog" on your BMW X5 indicates potential transmission issues requiring immediate action. This safety feature activates in response to abnormalities like low fluid levels, leaks, faulty sensors, electrical or mechanical failures, and overheating.
Things to remember while upgrading the brakes of your carjennifermiller8137
Upgrading the brakes of your car? Keep these things in mind before doing so. Additionally, start using an OBD 2 GPS tracker so that you never miss a vehicle maintenance appointment. On top of this, a car GPS tracker will also let you master good driving habits that will let you increase the operational life of your car’s brakes.
Why Is Your BMW X3 Hood Not Responding To Release CommandsDart Auto
Experiencing difficulty opening your BMW X3's hood? This guide explores potential issues like mechanical obstruction, hood release mechanism failure, electrical problems, and emergency release malfunctions. Troubleshooting tips include basic checks, clearing obstructions, applying pressure, and using the emergency release.
𝘼𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙦𝙪𝙚 𝙋𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙘 𝙏𝙧𝙖𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙞𝙨 𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙮 𝙛𝙖𝙢𝙤𝙪𝙨 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙪𝙛𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙞𝙧 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩𝙨. 𝙒𝙚 𝙝𝙖𝙫𝙚 𝙖𝙡𝙡 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙘 𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙪𝙡𝙚𝙨 𝙪𝙨𝙚𝙙 𝙞𝙣 𝙖𝙪𝙩𝙤𝙢𝙤𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙖𝙪𝙩𝙤 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙖𝙡𝙡 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙖𝙢𝙤𝙪𝙨 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙚𝙨 𝙗𝙪𝙮 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙪𝙡𝙚𝙨 𝙛𝙧𝙤𝙢 𝙪𝙨.
Over the 10 years, we have gained a strong foothold in the market due to our range's high quality, competitive prices, and time-lined delivery schedules.
2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
TYPES OF AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
DIVISIONS OF AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM
AIRPORT CONTROL
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWERS
DISCIPLINES OF AIRPORT CONTROL
RADAR CONTROL FACILITIES
DEPARTURE OF AIR CRAFTS
EN-ROUTE,CENTRE OR AREA CONTROL
CALL SIGNS
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES
PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS
CONCLUSION
3. INTRODUCTION
The ATC is bracing up to meet growing demands of
aircrafts with more ATC officers and new radar
systems.
The air traffic control(ATC) is the busiest in the country
handling over 250 or more movements.
It regulates the large volume of air traffic and also
handles test and military flights with varied aircraft
speed.
4. WHAT IS AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL?
Air traffic control(ATC) is a service provided by ground based controllers who direct
aircraft on the ground and in the air.
The task of ensuring safe operations of commercial and private aircraft falls on Air Traffic
Controllers.
The controllers coordinate the movements of thousands of aircraft, keep them at certain
distance, direct them during movements, around bad weather and ensure smooth flow
with minimal delays.
5. TYPES OF AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
1.En-route Controllers
i. Terminal
a. High Level airspace.
b. Low Level airspace.
ii. En-route
a. High Level airspace
b.Low Level airspace
2.Airport Controllers
i.Ground control.
ii.Local or air control.
iii.Clearance Delivery
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
6. DIVISIONS OF AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
SYSTEM
Air Traffic Control System Command Center
(ATCSCC)
Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCC)
Terminal Radar Approach Control(TRACON)
Air Traffic Control Tower (ATCT)
Flight Service Station(FSS)
7. AIRPORT CONTROL
The primary method of controlling the airport enviro-ment is visual observation from the
control which is a tall, windowed structure at the airport.
Tower controllers are responsible for the separation and efficient movement of aircraft and
vehicles operating on the taxiways of the airport.
Controllers may use a radar display system called Secondary Surveillance or Airport
Surveillance Radar for airborne traffic approaching and departing.
8. AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWERS
This Photo by
Unknown
Author is
licensed under
CC BY-NC-ND
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
9. DISCIPLINES OF AIRPORT CONTROL
Ground control: It is responsible for the airport maneuvering
areas or areas not released to the airlines or other users.
Local or Air control: It is responsible for the active runway
surfaces.
Clearance Delivery: It is responsible for ensuring that the
aircraft has the proper route and slot time.
Apron control: It exists at extremely busy airports
10. RADAR
RADAR CONTROL
FACILITIES(TRACON)
Centers use long range radar to
control a large space area.
Centers may use TRACON radar
data to control to provide better
picture of the traffic.
RADAR COVERAGE
11. EN-ROUTE,CENTER OR AREA CONTROL
En-route air traffic controllers work in facilities called Area Control Centers.
Centers control IFR aircraft from the time they depart an airport or terminal area’s
airspace to the time they arrive at another airport.
Centers may also pick up VFR aircraft that are already airborne and integrate them into
IFR system.
12. CALL SIGNS
Call signs are a used to safe air traffic separations and is used for scheduled flights and air
forces for military flights. Different types of call signs:
ICAO call signs are written with 3-letter combination followed by the flight no.
Audio or Radio-telephony call signs are used as the contact between pilots and Air Traffic
Control.
13. TECHNOLOGIES IN AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
Conflict Alert (CA)
Minimum safe altitude warning
System coordination
Area Penetration Warning (APW)
Mode S
14. PROBLEMS OF AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
Traffic
Accidents
Weather conditions
15. SOLUTIONS
New area control centre at Swan wick
Modern software developed by FAA
and NASA
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
16. CONCLUSION
The Air Traffic Control(ATC) is the third busiest in the country handling over 250 movements
(landing and takeoff) everyday.
Besides regulating the large volume of air traffic, handling test and military flights with varied aircraft
speed.
The ATC is, bracing up to meet the growing demands of an ever-increasing fleet of commercial,
civil and military aircraft- more air traffic control officers and new radar systems.