AHA NPAM EPI 2007 Abstract
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The study explored the relationship between metabolic syndrome risk factors, the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), and 10-year coronary heart disease risk (CHDR) in 73 extremely obese individuals. Triglycerides best predicted FRS, but the model fit was poor. A model including HDL, triglycerides, and waist circumference best predicted CHDR, accounting for slightly over half the variance. However, neither model was able to fully explain the variance, suggesting metabolic syndrome variables alone are not sufficient to accurately predict 10-year risk of myocardial infarction or coronary heart disease.
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Executive summary module 1
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Executive summary module 1
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Serum il17 and il6 levels in a sample of iraqi patients with rheumatoid arthr...
Avoidable Mortality and Health Disparities in the US 5.2.08
Avoidable Mortality and Health Disparities in the US 5.2.08
Polymorphisms rs1800587 and rs1143634 of the Interleukin-1α Gene are associat...
Polymorphisms rs1800587 and rs1143634 of the Interleukin-1α Gene are associat...
Similar to AHA NPAM EPI 2007 Abstract
Executive summary module 1
1. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, accounting for 31% of all deaths in 2016. Accurately assessing CVD risk allows for early prevention efforts.
2. The original Framingham Risk Score from 1998 predicts 10-year risk of coronary heart disease based on age, sex, cholesterol, blood pressure, smoking, and diabetes. However, it does not include other outcomes like stroke and underestimates risk in other populations.
3. Several risk calculators have been developed to address the limitations of FRS, including models that predict overall cardiovascular risk, and diabetes-specific models that incorporate factors like glycemia and duration of diabetes. No single tool is perfect and risk may vary in
Executive summary module 1
1. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, accounting for 31% of all deaths in 2016. Accurately assessing CVD risk allows for early prevention efforts.
2. The original Framingham Risk Score from 1998 predicts 10-year risk of coronary heart disease based on age, sex, cholesterol, blood pressure, smoking, and diabetes. However, it does not include other outcomes like stroke and underestimates risk in other populations.
3. Several risk calculators have been developed to address limitations of the FRS. Models like SCORE and QRISK2 predict fatal cardiovascular risk and account for additional risk factors like ethnicity and deprivation level respectively.
BODY FAT DEPOSITION AND RISK FACTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN MEN
This study examined the relationship between body fat percentage and cardiovascular disease risk factors in 112 Brazilian men. The men were divided into three groups based on body fat percentage: healthy (<19%), overweight (19-30%), and obese (>30%). Results showed that measures of body weight, circumference, blood pressure, and blood lipids differed significantly between the healthy and overweight/obese groups but not between the overweight and obese groups. The findings suggest that a body fat percentage above 19% may indicate increased cardiovascular risk in men.
Cardiovascular diseases traditional_and_non-tradit
This document reviews traditional and non-traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease. It discusses how hypertension, diabetes, high total cholesterol, high LDL cholesterol, high triglycerides, and low HDL cholesterol are traditional risk factors. It also examines non-traditional markers like homocysteine, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, fibrinogen, and various inflammatory markers that may help predict cardiovascular risk. While many non-traditional markers show promise, most are not routinely used in clinical practice and their predictive value requires further confirmation.
Cardiac risk evaluation: searching for the vulnerable patient
The document discusses screening patients for cardiovascular risk factors and disease. It outlines various risk assessment tools like the Framingham Risk Score and SCORE that estimate risk based on factors like age, cholesterol levels, blood pressure, smoking status. It discusses limitations of risk factor-based screening and emphasizes the importance of directly measuring subclinical disease using tests like coronary artery calcium scoring and carotid intima-media thickness to identify vulnerable patients. The document advocates screening for and treating the underlying atherosclerotic disease rather than just risk factors to improve prevention outcomes.
Dyslipidemia in stroke
This document discusses dyslipidemia and its relationship to stroke risk. It defines dyslipidemia as abnormal lipid levels that can contribute to atherosclerosis. While dyslipidemia is a risk factor for ischemic stroke, the relationship is complex as lipid levels also influence risks of hemorrhagic stroke. Studies show LDL cholesterol in particular is strongly associated with increased ischemic stroke risk, while low cholesterol may raise risks of hemorrhage. Triglycerides and lipoprotein(a) levels also influence stroke risk. Screening lipid profiles after stroke is recommended to guide treatment and reduce future risks.
Risc cardiovascular i dislipèmies
This document provides an agenda for a seminar on cardiovascular risk and dyslipidemias presented by Dr. Cesar Asenjo on October 9, 2013. The seminar will cover introductions, risk factors, diet, diabetes, and treatment. It includes the schedule, registration information, and collaborating organizations. The agenda lists several topics to be covered including factors of risk, diet, diabetes, and treatment. It also references several studies that will be discussed relating to these topics and cardiovascular disease.
Prevalence of Chronic Kidney disease in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome in S...
Background and Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) which is an increasingly important clinical and public health issue is associated with cardiovascular disease. Epidemiologic studies have also linked metabolic syndrome (MetS) with an increased risk of incident CKD. Therefore, the present study was designed retrospectively to find the prevalence and potential risk factors of CKD in patients with MetS in Saudi Arabia.
Examination of the incidence of heart disease in the US. A multivariate logis...
ABSTRACT:Heart disease is a condition that affects the human heart and blood vessels. Heart disease affects
about half of American adults, and it also played a role in the high death rate in the rest of the world. The data
extracted from National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) span from December 2019 to December 2021. The
only goal of this study is to look at the risk factors that affect the incidence of heart disease. After that, it will
estimate a Youden index to find the best cut-off point and measure how well the multivariate logistic regression
model's diagnostic test performed, adding to the body of knowledge. The application of logistic regression
yielded the finding that socioeconomic and health risk variables strongly influence the incidence of heart
disease. According to the Youden index, the ideal cutoff value is around 52%. Consequently, it is crucial for
American adults to monitor their lifestyle, have their BMI, blood pressure, diabetes, and other risk factors for
heart disease diagnosed, and then make sure they are receiving adequate treatment to prevent the tendency to
develop heart disease, which in turn will lower the death rate brought on by heart disease.
KEYWORDS: Heart disease, Multivariate logistic regression, Youden index, Health risk factors,
socioeconomic factors.
HIGH SENSITIVE C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (hs-CRP) AND ITS CORRELATION WITH ANGIOGRAP...
Association between the plasma hs-CRP levels and the severity of coronary
stenosis in subjects remains controversial. This cross sectional study was performed in the
Department of Cardiology, Dhaka Medical College during July 2008 to December 2009, to determine whether the concentrations of hs-CRP correlate with the coronary atherosclerotic disease assessed by coronary angiography.
J dhaka med coll. 2010 19(2) 91 97.
This study aimed to determine if levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) correlate with the severity of coronary artery disease as assessed by coronary angiography. 90 patients undergoing coronary angiography were divided into three groups based on their hs-CRP levels. Significant positive correlations were found between hs-CRP levels and vessel score, stenosis score, and extent score, suggesting higher hs-CRP levels are associated with more extensive coronary artery disease. The results indicate hs-CRP levels may be predictive of the severity of coronary atherosclerosis.
Impact of obesity on cardiometabolic risk: Will we lose the battle?
1. Obesity and related conditions like diabetes pose a growing threat to cardiovascular health and mortality. Risk factors like obesity, physical inactivity and diabetes accounted for thousands of additional deaths in the UK from 1981-2000.
2. Studies show obesity is independently associated with coronary endothelial dysfunction and a more malignant form of coronary artery disease. Even modest excess weight increases the risk of acute conditions like unstable angina and myocardial infarction.
3. Visceral abdominal fat is metabolically active and secretes inflammatory proteins that can promote atherosclerosis. Losing weight and reducing inflammation may help lower cardiovascular risk.
id_08133649_Cardiovasculardisease.pptx
Cardiovascular disease is a major global health burden. Large epidemiological studies and genetic studies have shown a causal relationship between LDL-C levels and cardiovascular risk. People with lifelong low LDL-C due to genetic mutations, such as loss-of-function mutations in PCSK9, have a significantly reduced risk of cardiovascular events. However, there remains unmet need as cardiovascular risk persists in many patients despite standard therapies due to difficulties achieving LDL-C treatment goals.
Chronic disease what comes after risk factor epidemiology
1) The document discusses moving beyond single risk factor epidemiology for chronic diseases like coronary heart disease to more complex, integrated systems approaches that account for interacting biological, social, and environmental factors.
2) It provides examples of new tools and data sources that can help study these complex systems, such as geospatial analysis, large omics datasets, network analysis, and disease surveillance systems.
3) Applying comprehensive systems approaches to better understand chronic diseases remains an ongoing challenge.
A comparative study for some atherogenic indices in sera of
This document summarizes a study that evaluated lipid profiles and atherogenic indices in patients with myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic heart disease (IHD), and a control group. The study found:
1) Levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides did not significantly differ between MI/IHD patients and controls, while LDL cholesterol was significantly higher in MI/IHD patients.
2) VLDL cholesterol was significantly lower in MI patients and lower in IHD patients compared to controls.
3) Atherogenic indices like cardiogenic risk ratio, atherogenic coefficient, and atherogenic index of plasma were significantly higher in MI patients compared to controls, but only non-significantly higher in IHD
A comparative study for some atherogenic indices in sera of
This document summarizes a study that evaluated lipid profiles and atherogenic indices in patients with myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic heart disease (IHD), and a control group. The study found:
1) Levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides did not significantly differ between MI/IHD patients and controls, while LDL cholesterol was significantly higher and VLDL cholesterol was significantly lower in MI/IHD patients.
2) Atherogenic indices like cardiogenic risk ratio (CRR), atherogenic coefficient (AC), and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) were significantly higher in MI patients compared to controls, but only non-significantly higher in IHD patients.
3) Elevated
Atherosclerosis, pumpsandpipesmdhc
The document discusses various factors related to assessing risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), including:
1) A 58-year-old man's risk factors including family history of heart disease, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and current risk assessment scoring.
2) Methods for assessing absolute 10-year CHD risk such as the Framingham Risk Score and counting individual risk factors.
3) Newer tests beyond traditional risk factors like C-reactive protein and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 that may help identify risk of heart attack or stroke.
Niraj_Pandey_Summary_InvDiab
This study develops a sequential decision model to quantify the risk value of life-years on statin treatment, as perceived by various national lipid management guidelines. The model considers the progression of patients' cholesterol levels using Markov chains calibrated by clinical data. Results show the guidelines imply penalty factors for treatment disutility ranging from 0.04-0.29% per life-year, with some guidelines favoring nearly 30 years of treatment. While guidelines aim to reduce cardiovascular risk, treatment durations could be shortened by up to 4 years without increasing overall risk. The approach quantifies adverse effects of treatment to help evaluate guidelines and facilitate better clinical decision making.
Erectile Dysfunction
This document provides recommendations for evaluating and managing erectile dysfunction (ED) in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). It finds that ED often precedes CVD by 2-3 years and is associated with increased CVD risk and mortality. It recommends assessing all men with ED for CVD risk factors and stratifying risk. High risk patients should undergo stress testing. Lifestyle changes like weight loss and exercise can improve ED. Aggressive treatment of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia may also benefit ED patients. Managing cardiovascular health should take priority over initiating ED treatment. Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors are first-line ED therapy for most patients with CVD. Testosterone should be measured in all ED patients and supplementation may help ED in some
DM and Heart, What more can we do for patient heart.pdf
This document discusses diabetes and heart disease, providing an overview of several key points:
1) Diabetes significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease through mechanisms like accelerated atherosclerosis. It doubles the risk of coronary artery disease in men and triples it in women.
2) Intensive management of cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic patients, including glycemic control, blood pressure management, and lifestyle changes can significantly reduce cardiovascular events and mortality, as shown in studies like UKPDS, STENO-2, and Look AHEAD.
3) Current guidelines recommend a multifaceted treatment approach targeting glucose, lipid, and blood pressure control, along with lifestyle optimization and cardiovascular protective medications, to manage heart disease risk in diabetic
Similar to AHA NPAM EPI 2007 Abstract (20)
BODY FAT DEPOSITION AND RISK FACTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN MEN
BODY FAT DEPOSITION AND RISK FACTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN MEN
Cardiovascular diseases traditional_and_non-tradit
Cardiovascular diseases traditional_and_non-tradit
Cardiac risk evaluation: searching for the vulnerable patient
Cardiac risk evaluation: searching for the vulnerable patient
Prevalence of Chronic Kidney disease in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome in S...
Prevalence of Chronic Kidney disease in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome in S...
Examination of the incidence of heart disease in the US. A multivariate logis...
Examination of the incidence of heart disease in the US. A multivariate logis...
HIGH SENSITIVE C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (hs-CRP) AND ITS CORRELATION WITH ANGIOGRAP...
HIGH SENSITIVE C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (hs-CRP) AND ITS CORRELATION WITH ANGIOGRAP...
Impact of obesity on cardiometabolic risk: Will we lose the battle?
Impact of obesity on cardiometabolic risk: Will we lose the battle?
Chronic disease what comes after risk factor epidemiology
Chronic disease what comes after risk factor epidemiology
A comparative study for some atherogenic indices in sera of
A comparative study for some atherogenic indices in sera of
A comparative study for some atherogenic indices in sera of
A comparative study for some atherogenic indices in sera of
DM and Heart, What more can we do for patient heart.pdf
DM and Heart, What more can we do for patient heart.pdf
More from Robert Lowe
AHA NPAM EPI 2009 Abstract
A comprehensive wellness program was provided to school employees over two years that included health screenings, counseling, and educational interventions. Screenings of over 1,700 employees found improvements in cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, and glucose levels after two screenings. The program cost $1.3 million but resulted in $2.3-3.1 million in healthcare cost savings, providing a return on investment of $1.72-$2.31 for every dollar spent. The results suggest such wellness programs can lower disease risk for employees while being cost effective.
AACVPR 2002
The document presents a study that compares the accuracy of common clinical treadmill and arm ergometry equations in estimating oxygen consumption for males with coronary artery disease. Fifteen males with coronary artery disease underwent graded exercise tests on a treadmill and arm ergometer. Their measured oxygen consumption was compared to estimated values derived from popular estimation equations. The study found that the Bruce Cardiac Max equation provided the most accurate estimation of maximal oxygen consumption during treadmill exercise, while other equations over- or underestimated values.
NAASO October 2003
The study examined the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and coronary revascularization (CR) in 86 post-cardiac rehabilitation patients over 3.8 years on average. Discriminant function analysis revealed that only time since rehabilitation and diastolic blood pressure significantly predicted whether patients received CR, but not BMI, total cholesterol, or systolic blood pressure. The results suggest BMI may not be an important factor in predicting if post-cardiac rehab patients receive further CR procedures.
NAASO 2005 Power Point
This study conducted a two-year intervention program aimed at reducing risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease among employees. It found favorable shifts in biometrics after two years for most modifiable risk factors. The pilot group had average yearly health claims costs that were $613 and $498 lower than other employees, translating to savings of over $1 million each year. The results suggest the targeted intervention programs were effective at reaching goals of reducing risk factors and healthcare costs.
NAASO 2007 Abstract 2
The document describes a study that compared the effectiveness of a novel in-house intensive weight loss program (LOSE PLUS) to a commercial weight loss program (LOSE Too) for class III obese school employees. Eighty participants were randomly assigned to one of the two programs. Both programs included goal setting and weekly sessions for 6 months, with the option of weight loss medications after 16 weeks. While the dropout rate was higher for LOSE Too, both programs produced similar weight loss outcomes at 6 months. However, both programs were effective at reducing risks for diabetes and heart disease. The results suggest that behavioral intervention programs can effectively produce short-term weight loss for those who are severely obese. Further long-term study is recommended.
NAASO 2007 Abstract 1
This study compared two equations, the Mifflin-St. Jeor (MSJ) equation and the de Luis equation, for predicting resting energy expenditure (REE) in class III obese individuals against measurements from indirect calorimetry. The study found that while both equations were correlated with measured REE, only the MSJ equation was significantly different. The de Luis equation may therefore be more accurate for predicting REE in class III obese individuals when indirect calorimetry is not available. The study measured height, weight, and waist circumference in 40 class III obese subjects to calculate predicted REE using the two equations and compare to REE measured via indirect calorimetry.
NAASO 2006 Abstract
This document summarizes a study examining the physiological and behavioral correlates of baseline stages of change in the Health Plus Challenge program. The study found that among 1532 program participants with a mean age of 47 and BMI of 32, stage of change for weight management had only a moderate correlation with exercise levels. All other factors, including BMI, failed to reach a reasonable level of correlation with stage of change. This suggests that factors other than stage of change need to be considered to explain the observed reduction in body mass in this population.
NAASO October 2006
The document discusses a study examining the physiological and behavioral correlates of baseline stages of change in a health program called the Health Plus Challenge for employees of the Polk County School District. The study found that stage of change for weight management was weakly correlated with exercise frequency and total health risk appraisal score. Stage of change for weight management was moderately correlated with other stages of change for diet, exercise, and stress. Biometric measures like BMI and body fat, as well as health risk appraisal scores, were poor predictors of stage of change for weight management.
ACSM 2005
This study examined the effects of low and high intensity endurance exercise training on the apolipoprotein-B/apolipoprotein-A1 ratio in 26 hypercholesterolemic men over 24 weeks. The men were randomly assigned to either high intensity (80% maximal oxygen uptake) or moderate intensity (50% maximal oxygen uptake) exercise training three days per week. The apolipoprotein-B/apolipoprotein-A1 ratio did not significantly change from baseline in either group over the 24 weeks. While exercise training did not alter this risk ratio, the ratios for both groups exceeded the recommended level of 0.5 or less, suggesting an elevated risk of myocardial infarction.
AACVPR 2002 Presentation
1) The study examined the validity of an equation to predict VO2 max using self-reported exercise frequency for elderly cardiac patients by comparing it to three other VO2 max prediction equations.
2) The results found the predicted VO2 max was similar to two equations but significantly overestimated VO2 max compared to the most accurate equation for cardiac patients.
3) Due to the overestimation and issues with self-reported exercise frequency, the validity of using the prediction equation in elderly cardiac patients requires further study.
AACVPR 2002
Twenty-four elderly cardiac patients were asked about their weekly vigorous exercise to predict maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) using an equation from Ainsworth et al. This predicted VO2max was compared to values from three other equations from Milani et al. No differences in males and females were found. The predicted VO2max and values from two equations overestimated VO2max compared to the most accurate equation for cardiac patients from Milani et al. This suggests the validity of using the Ainsworth equation to predict VO2max in elderly cardiac patients requires further study due to potential overestimation compared to measured values.
AACVPR 2006
This study examined waist-to-tallness ratio (WTR) as a marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in 887 adults. The results found that both male and female WTR met or exceeded proposed cut-off points suggesting increased CVD risk, despite waist circumference being below thresholds. Males had higher BMI, blood pressure, and WTR than females. Additionally, WTR alone may not adequately predict overall CVD risk, and gender differences should be considered in primary prevention programs to reduce CVD risk.
AACVPR 2003
This study examined the relationship between the number of years since completing a cardiac rehabilitation program and the frequency of vigorous aerobic exercise in 731 former patients. The results showed that a greater number of years since completing the program significantly predicted a higher frequency of weekly exercise. Specifically, patients who had completed the program 8 years ago exercised significantly more frequently per week than those who had completed it 1 year ago. However, the average amount and intensity of exercise was still below recommended levels to reverse coronary artery disease. More research is needed to develop interventions to further increase physical activity after cardiac rehabilitation.
AACVPR 2006
This study examined waist-to-tallness ratio (WTR) as a marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in 887 adults. Both males and females were found to have increased CVD risk based on previous WTR cut-off points, despite waist circumference being below current cut-offs. Male WTR was greater than the cut-off point and associated with higher BMI, blood pressure, whereas female WTR equaled the cut-off point. The results suggest WTR alone may not adequately predict overall CVD risk and that gender differences should be considered in prevention strategies.
AACVPR 2000
The document summarizes a study that examined changes in physical activity levels following an intensive cardiac risk intervention program. The study found that (1) physical activity, moderate activity, and high intensity activity all increased significantly after the 12-week program, but (2) began declining again by the 6-month and 1-year follow-ups, with high intensity activity declining more rapidly than moderate activity. (3) The results suggest it is important for exercise prescriptions for cardiac patients to consider the type of physical activity, whether high or moderate intensity, to help maintain compliance long-term.
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AHA NPAM EPI 2007 Abstract
- 1. Control/Tracking Number: EPI-07-A-28-AHA Activity: Abstract Current Date/Time: 10/3/2006 4:02:55 PM Prediction of the Framingham Risk Score and Coronary Heart Disease Risk in Extremely Obese Individuals. Author Block: Robert C Lowe Sr., Jennifer Patzkowsky, Debbie Zimmerman, Polk County Schs, Winter Haven, FL; Phil Chen, Cognoscenti Health Inst, Orlando, FL Abstract: The Framingham Risk Score (FRS) is widely used as a 10-year estimate of an individual’s risk of death due to myocardial infarction (MI) and coronary heart disease (CHD). The variables in the FRS include age, total cholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol (HDL), systolic blood pressure (SBP), treatment for hypertension, and cigarette smoking. Current thinking alludes to the development of CHD through risk factors associated wih the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), i.e., elevated t triglycerides (TG), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), glucose (BG) and decreased HDL. In addition to the FRS, the ratio of TC to HDL cholesterol has been validated to estimate 10-year coronary heart disease risk (CHDR). The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between MetS risk factors, FRS, and CHDR in individuals classified as extremely obese (EO). Seventy-three EO individuals (Age = 48 ± 9 yr; BMI = 40.7 ± 8.8) randomly selected to participate in a weight loss program were used in this study. Multiple biometric measures, including those variables for MS and FRS were measured or calculated. The data were analysed by multiple stepwise regression. Triglyceride (TG) was the best predictor of FRS from a subset of MetS variables (Model 1; F1,70 = 40.41, p <0.00), however, it was a poor fit (R2adj = 36%). The inclusion of HDL, TG, and WC produced the best fit for CHDR (Model 2; F3,68 = 26.35, p < 0.00) from the subset of MetS variables and accounted for slightly half of the variance (R2adj = 52%). Although both Model 1 and Model 2 were highly significant, they were not able to explain 64% and 48% of the model variance, respectively. Despite the MetS risk factors being implicated in the development of CVD and CHD, these results suggest that using MetS variables to predict the 10-year risk of dying from MI and CHD is not warranted. : Author Disclosure Block: R.C. Lowe, None; J. Patzkowsky, None; D. Zimmerman, None; P. Chen, None. Unlabeled/Unapproved Disclosure (Complete): Please Select: : There are no unlabeled/unapproved uses of drugs or products Category (Complete): Obesity Keywords (Complete): Physical activity ; Obesity ; Exercise Presentation Preference (Complete): Oral Awards (Complete): Connection Corner (Complete): : yes Payment (Complete): Your credit card order has been processed on Tuesday 3 October 2006 at 3:58 PM. Attached Files: No Files Attached Status: Complete