The document provides an overview of agricultural marketing, detailing its definitions, functions, and key aspects such as perishability and pricing. It highlights the objectives of agricultural marketing aimed at improving farmers' profits and addresses challenges like inadequate transportation and market information. Various classifications of agricultural markets based on location, time, transaction volume, and competition are also discussed.

1. AGRICULTURAL MARKETING
By
PRAJWAL V J

2. Contents
01 Introduction to Agricultural Marketing
02
Nature and scope of Agricultural marketing
Key aspects of agricultural marketing
03
Challenges in Agricultural Marketing
04
Differences between Rural and Agricultural
marketing
Objectives of Agriculture Marketing
05
06
07
Classification of agricultural markets

3. Introduction to Agricultural Marketing
Definitions
Human activity directed at satisfying the needs and wants through exchange process (Phillip
Kotler).
Performance of business activities that directs the flow of goods and services from producers to
users (American Marketing Association).
The study of agricultural marketing comprises all the operations, and the agencies conducting them,
involved in the movement of farm produced foods; raw materials and their derivatives, such as
textiles, from the farms to the final consumers, and the effect of such operations on the farmers,
middlemen and consumers.
The term agricultural marketing is composed of two words- agriculture and
marketing.
Agriculture: growing and/or raising of crops and livestock
Marketing: It encompasses a series of activities involved in moving the goods
from the point of production to point of consumption.
https://youtu.be/ShoD-FOlMUY

4. • All activities from supply of farm inputs to the farmers and movement of agricultural products from the farms to the
consumers
• Two major sub systems
o Product marketing - farmers, village/primary traders, wholesalers, processors, importers, exporters, marketing
cooperatives, regulated marketing committees and retailers.
o Input (factor) marketing. - manufacturers, distributors, related associations, importers, exporters and others
• Link between the farm and non-farm sectors.
• Agricultural marketing includes marketing functions, agencies, channels, efficiency and costs, price spread and market
integration, producer’s surplus, government policy and research, training and statistics on agricultural marketing and
imports/exports of agricultural commodities.
Key aspects of agricultural marketing

5. • Perishability of the product
• Seasonality of production
• Bulkiness of products
• Variation in quality of products
• Irregular supply of agricultural products
• Small size of holding and scattered production
• Product pricing
• Processing
Scope of Agricultural marketing
Marketing of farm products that are produced by the farmers and also includes marketing of
farm inputs required by the farmers in process of production i.e. the subjects includes output
marketing as well as input marketing.
Achieving economic growth and development
Nature of Agricultural marketing

6. Objectives of Agriculture Marketing
Increasing profit of
farmer
Giving up to date
information
Creating scientific
storage capacity
Stabilizing price level
Providing finance to increase
farmers income at less rates
and zero rates
Integrated value chains to
provide vertical integration of
farmers with primary processors
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Using ICT to make farmers to face
problems and challenges faced in
agricultural marketing
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Objectives

7. 01
Improper Warehouses
04
Presence of a Large
Number of Middlemen
02
Lack of Grading and
Standardization
05
Malpractices in
Unregulated Markets
03
Inadequate
Transport Facilities
.
06
Inadequate Market
Information
07
Inadequate Credit
Facilities
Challenges in Agricultural Marketing

8. Differences between Rural and Agricultural marketing
RURAL
MARKETING
AGRICULTURAL
MARKETING
Services involved in moving
agricultural product from
farm to consumer
Meeting needs
and of farmers
Handling agricultural
related products
Developing, pricing,
promoting and distribution
of products and services
Meeting rural customers
needs and demands
Handling all the products
and services to satisfy
both rural customers and
expectations of the
company
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9. CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF LOCATION
TERMINAL MARKETS
SEA-BOARD MARKETS
VILLAGE MARKETS
.
PRIMARY MARKETS
SECONDARY
WHOLESALE MARKETS
Classification of agricultural markets

10. CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF AREA OR COVERAGE
NATIONAL MARKETS
.
WORLD/INTERNATIONAL
MARKETS
.
LOCAL/VILLAGE
MARKETS
REGIONAL MARKETS

11. CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF TIME SPAN
LONG PERIOD MARKETS
SECULAR MARKETS
SHORT PERIOD MARKETS
PERIODIC MARKETS

12. CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF VOLUME OF TRANSACTIONS
2. RETAIL MARKETS
2. FORWARD MARKETS
1. WHOLESALE MARKETS
1. SPOT/CASH MARKETS
CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF NATURE OF TRANSACTIONS
CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF NUMBER OF COMMODITIES TRANSACTED
1. GENERAL MARKETS
2. SPECIAL MARKETS

13. CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF DEGREE OF COMPETITION
OLIGOPOLY MARKETS
MONOPOLISTIC
COMPETITIVE MARKET
PERFECT MARKETS
.
MONOPOLY MARKETS
DUOPOLY MARKETS

14. CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF COMMODITIES
CAPITAL MARKETS
CONSUMING MARKETS
UN- REGULATED MARKETS
COMMODITY MARKETS
PRODUCING MARKETS
REGULATED MARKETS
.
CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF STAGE OF MARKETING
CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF EXTENT OF PUBLIC INTERVENTION

15. ON THE BASIS OF TYPE OF POPULATION SERVED
RURAL MARKETS
GENERAL MARKETS
URBAN MARKETS
FARMERS MARKETS
CO-OPERATIVE MARKETS
ON THE BASIS OF MARKET FUNCTIONARIES AND ACCRUAL OF MARKETING MARGINS

16. Thank you
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