The document describes the design of a dedicated fixture with a chain conveyor arrangement for a multistage special purpose machine. The fixture is designed to hold engine components like a rear axle carrier, bull gear, and shaft during cleaning operations on a conveyorized automated washing machine. Dedicated fixtures are designed for each component to locate and support them properly. The rear axle carrier fixture uses vertical resting pads. The shaft fixture uses V-shaped rods to locate the shaft. The individual fixtures are mounted on holding plates attached to the conveyor chain to move the components through the washing stages. The chain conveyor and dedicated moving fixtures allow reliable cleaning of complex engine components in an automated process.
DESIGN & MANUFACTURING OF WHEELCHAIR LIFTERvivatechijri
The study deals with the design and development of a mechanism to lift the wheelchair to carry the
person to the podium. This project evaluates the design and analysis of industrial scissor lift. In this project, the
lifting mechanism is used in which the platform is lifted vertically with the help of scissor mechanism. The main
objective of the scissor mechanism is to reach the desire height or level. The design is developed by keeping in
mind that the lift can be operated by mechanical means by using a linear actuator so that the overall cost of the
scissor lift is reduced. In this case, the design of the lift works with electric power. Also, such design can make
the lift more compact and much suitable for medium scale work. Scissor lifts, a staple of mechanical design,
especially in competitive robotics, is a type of linkage that can be used to raise a load to some height, when
acted upon by some force, usually exerted by the linear actuator. The position of this actuator, however, can
affect the mechanical advantage and velocity ratio of the system. Hence, there needs to be a concrete way to
analytically compare different actuator positions.
This paper presents a novel six degrees of freedom mechanism to integrate conical article with the cylindrical article which are large and heavy. The six desired motions include six linear motions and six rational motions. The linear motions are vertical, longitudinal and lateral. The vertical motion is achieved by toggle jack, longitudinal by wheel and rail assembly and the lateral motion is achieved by cross slides. The three rotational motions namely pitch, yaw and roll are achieved by simultaneous movement of toggle jacks, simultaneous movement of cross slides and rollers respectively. It is designed in such a way that it sustains the weight of the heavy articles and also prevents slipping and toppling of the conical article. This approach helps to satisfy and fulfil the goal of aligning the main article flange to the conical article flange for further bolting. The mechanism is designed keeping in mind factors like ergonomics and aesthetics.
DESIGN & MANUFACTURING OF WHEELCHAIR LIFTERvivatechijri
The study deals with the design and development of a mechanism to lift the wheelchair to carry the
person to the podium. This project evaluates the design and analysis of industrial scissor lift. In this project, the
lifting mechanism is used in which the platform is lifted vertically with the help of scissor mechanism. The main
objective of the scissor mechanism is to reach the desire height or level. The design is developed by keeping in
mind that the lift can be operated by mechanical means by using a linear actuator so that the overall cost of the
scissor lift is reduced. In this case, the design of the lift works with electric power. Also, such design can make
the lift more compact and much suitable for medium scale work. Scissor lifts, a staple of mechanical design,
especially in competitive robotics, is a type of linkage that can be used to raise a load to some height, when
acted upon by some force, usually exerted by the linear actuator. The position of this actuator, however, can
affect the mechanical advantage and velocity ratio of the system. Hence, there needs to be a concrete way to
analytically compare different actuator positions.
This paper presents a novel six degrees of freedom mechanism to integrate conical article with the cylindrical article which are large and heavy. The six desired motions include six linear motions and six rational motions. The linear motions are vertical, longitudinal and lateral. The vertical motion is achieved by toggle jack, longitudinal by wheel and rail assembly and the lateral motion is achieved by cross slides. The three rotational motions namely pitch, yaw and roll are achieved by simultaneous movement of toggle jacks, simultaneous movement of cross slides and rollers respectively. It is designed in such a way that it sustains the weight of the heavy articles and also prevents slipping and toppling of the conical article. This approach helps to satisfy and fulfil the goal of aligning the main article flange to the conical article flange for further bolting. The mechanism is designed keeping in mind factors like ergonomics and aesthetics.
DATE: 2019.05
- Design of a gearbox as a power transmission system
- Calculation of mechanical design parameters
- Mechanical design process
- Bearing selection from a given catalog
- Using ISO standards for a mechanical design process
In this project, a suitable gearbox is designed, and bearings are selected for the given prime mover in a screw conveyor machine. Screw conveyors are used for granular material transporting applications such as wheat. The granular medium can be transported efficiently to any desired position, ie. horizontal, vertical or sloped position.
This project is done by the mechanical diploma engineering student of tssm's bscoer poly., pune
design and development of multipurpose mechanical machine
last year project-2017-18
it is the best project for the engineering student for the last year by modification as per the need
Landmines are one of the earliest & deadliest devices used in military to destroy
enemy targets. Mines are deployed in various terrains and hence the extraction of mines
could be a challenging task. Under such circumstances, an Unmanned Ground Vehicle
(UGV) with a rocker bogie mechanism would be able to accomplish the given task. Hence,
a UGV with rocker bogie mechanism has been designed for the purpose of landmine
extraction. The designed UGV is driven by two motors. One motor mounted to the wheels
is responsible for the linear movement and the other is responsible for the steering. The
rocker bogie mechanism is a six wheel standard design which acts as the suspension
system that works in tandem with the differential and helps in rolling and maneuvering of
the UGV in all terrains. The robotic arms and end effectors are designed for the extraction
of the land mine. The End effector has two tools viz. drill bit and robotic grip. The drill
bit helps in drilling all around the mine and the grip picks up the mine from the pit. The
UGV is designed based on various design calculations and modelled using Autodesk
Fusion 360 Software. The 3D model is further analyzed using Ansys Workbench software
by simulating the various loads acting on the critical joints. At the end of the study it was
found that the designed model did not prove any kind of failure during the simulations
AUTOMATIC PORTABLE HAMMERING MACHINE
TITLE PAGE
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
LIST OF FIGURES
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT METHODS AND COMPONENT DETAILS
DESIGN OF HAMMERING MACHINE
CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION
FUTURE SCOPE
REFERENCES
CAD MODEL
Here is a wonderful mechanism that carries force through a 90ºbend.Translating
rotational motion around an axis usually involves gears, which can quickly become complicated, inflexible and clumsy-looking, often ugly. So,instead of using gears, this technology elegantly converts rotational motionusing a set of cylindrical bars, bent to 90º, in a clever, simple and smoothprocess that translates strong rotational force even in restricted spaces.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Design and fabrication of prototype of multipurpose machine for sheet metal o...eSAT Journals
Abstract Sheet metal is basically a thin sheet of metal by using several operations. Nowadays it has become one of the most
important and fundamental forms in metalworking.[10] the advantage of sheet metal is that it can be bent into variety of
desired shapes. Lots of everyday objects are being manufactured using sheet metal. Sheet metal is mainly used for various
aerodynamically shaped car bodies, airplane wings, architecture and many other applications.[9] dent removing/rolling, cutting
and v-grooving are the most widely used operations in the fabrication industry. The conventional machines could only carry out
any of the above operations simultaneously. If these operations can be done on a single machine, it would not only make work quite
easy and less tedious but also increases profitability .moreover, conventional machines are often hand operated for small scale industry
applications. Also the time taken on these separate machines that is the overall lead time decreases by making them power
operated, resulting in lower cost and higher productivity. Our project is to encompass these operations onto a single machine
successfully. Keywords: Sheet Metal, Rolling, Cutting, V-Grooving
Design mini-project for TY mechanical studentsRavindra Shinde
In these project, we have designed a lifting table suitable to use in college . By adjusting the height of table any student can have proper sitting posture and position. It is also helpful for programmers/coders who have to seat for a long time, by having such a table they can do coding in a standing position too.
An automotive jack is a device used to raise all or part of a vehicle into the air in order to facilitate repairs. Most people are familiar with the basic car jack (manually operated) that is still included as standard equipment with most new cars. These days, a car jack is an important tool to have in our vehicle due to unknown upcoming event such as flat tire in our journey. Even so, people who like to rotate their tires themselves or who may install snow tires before the winter and remove them in the spring need to use a jack to perform the job. Changing a flat tire is not a very pleasant experience. Women have a much lighter skeleton that means, among other things, woman can’t pull more forces as well as men and are at greater risk of skeletal injuries. Usually the car purposely tries to get a flat tire at the least opportune moments.
AUTOMATIC PORTABLE HAMMERING MACHINE
TITLE PAGE
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
LIST OF FIGURES
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT METHODS AND COMPONENT DETAILS
DESIGN OF HAMMERING MACHINE
CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION
FUTURE SCOPE
REFERENCES
CAD MODEL
DATE: 2019.05
- Design of a gearbox as a power transmission system
- Calculation of mechanical design parameters
- Mechanical design process
- Bearing selection from a given catalog
- Using ISO standards for a mechanical design process
In this project, a suitable gearbox is designed, and bearings are selected for the given prime mover in a screw conveyor machine. Screw conveyors are used for granular material transporting applications such as wheat. The granular medium can be transported efficiently to any desired position, ie. horizontal, vertical or sloped position.
This project is done by the mechanical diploma engineering student of tssm's bscoer poly., pune
design and development of multipurpose mechanical machine
last year project-2017-18
it is the best project for the engineering student for the last year by modification as per the need
Landmines are one of the earliest & deadliest devices used in military to destroy
enemy targets. Mines are deployed in various terrains and hence the extraction of mines
could be a challenging task. Under such circumstances, an Unmanned Ground Vehicle
(UGV) with a rocker bogie mechanism would be able to accomplish the given task. Hence,
a UGV with rocker bogie mechanism has been designed for the purpose of landmine
extraction. The designed UGV is driven by two motors. One motor mounted to the wheels
is responsible for the linear movement and the other is responsible for the steering. The
rocker bogie mechanism is a six wheel standard design which acts as the suspension
system that works in tandem with the differential and helps in rolling and maneuvering of
the UGV in all terrains. The robotic arms and end effectors are designed for the extraction
of the land mine. The End effector has two tools viz. drill bit and robotic grip. The drill
bit helps in drilling all around the mine and the grip picks up the mine from the pit. The
UGV is designed based on various design calculations and modelled using Autodesk
Fusion 360 Software. The 3D model is further analyzed using Ansys Workbench software
by simulating the various loads acting on the critical joints. At the end of the study it was
found that the designed model did not prove any kind of failure during the simulations
AUTOMATIC PORTABLE HAMMERING MACHINE
TITLE PAGE
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
LIST OF FIGURES
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT METHODS AND COMPONENT DETAILS
DESIGN OF HAMMERING MACHINE
CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION
FUTURE SCOPE
REFERENCES
CAD MODEL
Here is a wonderful mechanism that carries force through a 90ºbend.Translating
rotational motion around an axis usually involves gears, which can quickly become complicated, inflexible and clumsy-looking, often ugly. So,instead of using gears, this technology elegantly converts rotational motionusing a set of cylindrical bars, bent to 90º, in a clever, simple and smoothprocess that translates strong rotational force even in restricted spaces.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Design and fabrication of prototype of multipurpose machine for sheet metal o...eSAT Journals
Abstract Sheet metal is basically a thin sheet of metal by using several operations. Nowadays it has become one of the most
important and fundamental forms in metalworking.[10] the advantage of sheet metal is that it can be bent into variety of
desired shapes. Lots of everyday objects are being manufactured using sheet metal. Sheet metal is mainly used for various
aerodynamically shaped car bodies, airplane wings, architecture and many other applications.[9] dent removing/rolling, cutting
and v-grooving are the most widely used operations in the fabrication industry. The conventional machines could only carry out
any of the above operations simultaneously. If these operations can be done on a single machine, it would not only make work quite
easy and less tedious but also increases profitability .moreover, conventional machines are often hand operated for small scale industry
applications. Also the time taken on these separate machines that is the overall lead time decreases by making them power
operated, resulting in lower cost and higher productivity. Our project is to encompass these operations onto a single machine
successfully. Keywords: Sheet Metal, Rolling, Cutting, V-Grooving
Design mini-project for TY mechanical studentsRavindra Shinde
In these project, we have designed a lifting table suitable to use in college . By adjusting the height of table any student can have proper sitting posture and position. It is also helpful for programmers/coders who have to seat for a long time, by having such a table they can do coding in a standing position too.
An automotive jack is a device used to raise all or part of a vehicle into the air in order to facilitate repairs. Most people are familiar with the basic car jack (manually operated) that is still included as standard equipment with most new cars. These days, a car jack is an important tool to have in our vehicle due to unknown upcoming event such as flat tire in our journey. Even so, people who like to rotate their tires themselves or who may install snow tires before the winter and remove them in the spring need to use a jack to perform the job. Changing a flat tire is not a very pleasant experience. Women have a much lighter skeleton that means, among other things, woman can’t pull more forces as well as men and are at greater risk of skeletal injuries. Usually the car purposely tries to get a flat tire at the least opportune moments.
AUTOMATIC PORTABLE HAMMERING MACHINE
TITLE PAGE
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
LIST OF FIGURES
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT METHODS AND COMPONENT DETAILS
DESIGN OF HAMMERING MACHINE
CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION
FUTURE SCOPE
REFERENCES
CAD MODEL
Fundada em 1996, a EngProcess com seu patrimônio humano e experiência adquirida, já entregou mais de 150 projetos, fornece soluções de automação industrial conforme as necessidades de seus clientes.
A EngProcess atua na área de automação industrial prestando serviços de coordenação e configuração de PLC´s, SDCD´s e sistemas supervisórios.
Tais serviços compreendem testes de I/O, geração de documentação, desenvolvimento de programas, montagem de painéis, instalação da instrumentação e interligação, certificação de redes, treinamento, startup, suporte e consultoria técnica.
A EngProcess configura os principais PLC’s líderes de mercado como Rockwell, Siemens, GE, entre outros, e sistemas supervisórios como RSView, Factory Talk, Intouch, IFix e WinCC.
As unidades de negócios da EngProcess estão localizadas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, em uma região que apresenta um enorme crescimento e dinamismo tecnológico, e também está localizada em Campinas, interior de São Paulo, em uma região que reúne uma grande diversidade de empresas e profissionais.
Design of Automated Rotory Cage Type Fixture for Cylinder BlockIJERA Editor
Project gives feasible solution to move and rotate the component with full proofing fixturing for special purpose operations like drilling, Tapping, deburring, washing, drying involve in manufacturing and assembly unit of industry. Rotary cage type fixture is made for handling the cylinder head inside the cleaning machine use for making fully ready component before assembly operation .System is useful to save time manpower and deliver perfect cleaned and dry component .system involved all the mechanical components along with the sensors used to restrict the rotating operations, stop and go operations etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF PORTABLE DRILLING AND BORING MACHINEvivatechijri
In India, the growth of manufacturing depends largely on its productivity. Productivity depends upon
many factors, one of the major factors are the portability and compactness along with the manufacturing
efficiency with which the operations are carried out in the industry. Productivity can be improved by automation
of machines and combining the different operations in a single machine etc. Drilling and boring are the major
processes involves in manufacturing of most of the industrial as well as commercial products. In the large scale
industry for performing the drilling and boring operations special, heavy duty machines are used but the down
side of this machines are high initial as well as maintenance cost, large space, skilled workers etc. However, in
case of small scale industry the scenario is completely different, because of lack of space, low capital investment,
unskilled workers etc. they cannot afford heavy duty machines. In This paper, a system is proposed to simplify a
drilling and boring operation by using a gear system and a simple mechanism incorporate in a single machine.
The aim of this paper is to generate a new concept to combine and perform drilling and boring operation
effectively and efficiently.
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WELDING FIXTURES AND POSITIONERSvivatechijri
In recent times, manufacturing industries have shown more interest towards Automation. In other
words, the industries today emerge with evolving technology. It is obvious that Industrial Automation streamlines
the operations in terms of speed, reliability and product output. In this thesis, welding fixture for two wheeler
steering handle is modeled using CATIA software, forces are calculated, and an analysis has been carried out in
the precisions placing of one circular component over another circular component during the welding process.
Welding circular rod over another circular rod, the possibility of maintaining the accuracy in placing of curved
surfaces is very less in the mass production. Here the difficulty is overcome by the new design of the fixture, and
the angle as well as the linear movements is maintained in the accuracy of 0.1 mm without any robots. In the field
of welding engineering where a consistently good quality, low cost with a maximum productivity is a must, this
accuracy canbe done by without automation. Welding fixtures are available in different size, shapes, materials
and mechanisms based on their need of operations. The precision of the fixture play a major role in the
manufacturing component. Batch production is the commonly used method in various small and large industries.
Welding a curved surface over an another curved surface is very challenging so is positioning the components.
In mass production, positioning a job takes significant amount of time due to manual process. To overcome this
challenge, theoretical approach has been carried out on the fixture like design fabrication and analysis.
Dynamic Analysis of Foundation Supporting Rotary MachineIJERA Editor
With the advancement of technology in the field of industry, high speed machinery has been developed. As the speed of machinery has increased, vibrations also increased. Machines transmit vibrations to the structure supporting them. Hence, it is important to design and develop such structure which sustains the vibrations of machinery. Hence, in this study it has been aimed to execute the study on foundations supporting rotary type of machine like blower. In this paper, the most important parameters like frequency and amplitude are considered while execution of analysis of machine foundation supporting blower type machine. This paper shows, better interface between foundation designer and machine manufacturer for better performance of machine. The design aids/approaches for foundation design is also described in this paper and an attempt has been made to study the dynamic behaviour of a foundation structure for blower type machine subjected to forces due to operation of blower machine. Two different types of foundations for Rotary type Machine that is Blower have been studied in this paper
Design, analysis and development of special purpose machine to carry heavy lo...eSAT Journals
Abstract
In the olden days very complicated thing is in the industry is to carry heavy loaded components and lifting from one place to another place, human effort needs lots of energy and it takes more time for same work, there are many huge and large amount of load lifting machine available, in that first started with gantry hoist and gantry cranes with which they carry heavy loads from one place to other, it works so far by the time but it can operate only in open place, in small scale industries it can’t work, during the period the need is new machine which works in small scale industries with good time, the changing the generation with the new technology industries are planned to develop the special purpose machine which is used to lift the heavy loads. Structural analysis of the “Gantry Structure” has been carried out to find the mechanical response of the structure, subjected to applied loads and boundary conditions. The results include deformed shape of the structure, displacements at required locations. Modal analysis done for checking the model, Gravity Loading Applied for different position and checked for the deformation of Solid Beam for different position. Optimization is done to reduce the cost of the structure. The response of the structure got by structural analysis using MSC Nastran.
Keywords: Gantry, Types of gantry, Structural analysis, optimization, modal analysis, HyperMesh, NASTRAN.
Design, analysis and development of special purpose machine to carry heavy lo...eSAT Journals
Abstract
In the olden days very complicated thing is in the industry is to carry heavy loaded components and lifting from one place to another place, human effort needs lots of energy and it takes more time for same work, there are many huge and large amount of load lifting machine available, in that first started with gantry hoist and gantry cranes with which they carry heavy loads from one place to other, it works so far by the time but it can operate only in open place, in small scale industries it can’t work, during the period the need is new machine which works in small scale industries with good time, the changing the generation with the new technology industries are planned to develop the special purpose machine which is used to lift the heavy loads. Structural analysis of the “Gantry Structure” has been carried out to find the mechanical response of the structure, subjected to applied loads and boundary conditions. The results include deformed shape of the structure, displacements at required locations. Modal analysis done for checking the model, Gravity Loading Applied for different position and checked for the deformation of Solid Beam for different position. Optimization is done to reduce the cost of the structure. The response of the structure got by structural analysis using MSC Nastran.
finite element analysis & design optimization of material handling equipmentINFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Material handling equipment is mechanical equipment used for the movement, storage, control products throughout the process of manufacturing, and disposal. The different types of material handling equipment can be classified into four major categories, transport equipment, positioning equipment, unit load formation equipment, and storage equipment. Excavator is used to excavate the material of the ground on which the machine rests and load it into trucks or tractor. In the severe working conditions, excavator parts are subjected to very high loads. The excavator mechanism must work reliably under random working conditions. Thus it is very much essential for the designers to evaluate not only a equipment of maximum reliability but also of minimum weight and cost, considering design safe under all loading conditions. It can be accomplished that, mechanical strength analysis is an important to step in the design of excavator parts. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is the most appropriate technique in strength calculations of the structures working under known load and boundary conditions. In general, computer aided drawing model of the parts to be analyzed must to be set prior to the FEA. It is also promising to reduce the weight of the mechanism by performing optimization in FEA. This paper provides the platform for proceeding for the Modeling, FEA and optimization of backhoe excavator attachment, which was already carried out by other researchers for their related applications and it can be very helpful for development of any material handling equipment and new excavator attachment.
finite element analysis & design optimization of material handling equipment
Ag25181192
1. M. Y. Dakhole, Prof. P.G. Mehar, Prof. V.N. Mujbaile / International Journal of Engineering
Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.181-192
Design And Analysis Of Dedicated Fixture With Chain Conveyor
Arrangement For Multistage Special Purpose Machine
*M. Y. Dakhole, **Prof. P.G. Mehar, ***Prof. V.N. Mujbaile
*M.Tech. (MED), K.D.K. College of Engg., Nagpur
**Asst. Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engg. K.D.K. College of Engg., Nagpur
***Asst. Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engg, K.D.K. College of Engg., Nagpur.
ABSTRACT
It is required to fix typical shape engine tractor engine in assembly line. It is very difficult to
components on conveyor while performing fix and clean these components on conveyor. Hence
cleaning operation. In conveyorised multistage automated washing machine with fixture on conveyor
washing machine, to fix these typical shape is highly needed. Hence dedicated fixture for these
components is very difficult. Hence these components and chain conveyor to reach these
components need dedicated fixturing with poke- components at various workstations is designed.
yoke to avoid accidents inside the zone on
conveyor. This project gives feasible solution on 1.3 System legends
conventional roller chain conveyorised The travelling of components from one
arrangement with dedicated moving fixture with station to another should be operation oriented.
conveyor for the tractor components like rear axle Following important legends are considered to design
career, bull gear and shaft of a tractor model. This planning the system as objectives.
arrangement will be widely used for numerous i) To design fixture for auto moving components
cleaning purposes owing to its effectiveness for (Rear axle career, Bull gear and shaft).
high production volume, reliable and durable ii) To design chain and sprocket arrangement with
performance. proper guiding rollers.
iii) To calculate required torque, pulling load, speed
Keywords: Dedicated fixture, chain conveyor, iv) To mount fixture on conveyor by considering
automation, process simulation. movability on forward and return side of
conveyor.
1. Introduction v) To select the sensors.
1.1 Project background vi) To select the material
For an automobile industry it’s very difficult vii) To select the mechanical components like
job to clean the engine component in the assembly bearing, bushes, keys, circlips, etc.
line before assembly of the engine to obtain the
required Millipore value. Hence in automotive, 2 Literature review
aviation, auto ancillaries and other industries 2.1 Fixture
automated washing machines are highly demanded to Fixtures are important in both traditional
save the time, man power and to improve washing manufacturing and modern flexible manufacturing
and drying quality. system (FMS), which directly affect machining
The conventionally using conveyor in quality, productivity and cost of products. The time
production line is worldwide known, but in special spent on designing and fabrication fixtures
purpose machine conveyors are needed with special significantly contributes to the production cycle in
design and parameter for its operational feasibility. In improving current product and developing new
this automated moving fixture arrangement fixturing products.
parameters like V pads, vertical rods, mounting pads, Therefore, great attention has been paid to study of
etc. moves along with chain roller conveyor and fixturing in manufacturing (Thomas and Ghadhi,
reach at multiple station with stop and go operation 1986)[8].
with given speed by gear box.
Speed can be control by VFD (Variable Frequency 2.1.1 Dedicated Fixture
Drive) gear box motor is used in the system, selected Since dedicated fixtures are commonly used
by considering required speed as per the production in mass production, dedicated fixtures design are
rate and number of components to be operated in usually applied the fixture construction is perfectly
machine per shift. designed for specific operation. As part of machining
1.2 Problem statement tooling, the application of dedicated fixture has
In an industry, it is required to clean engine greatly contributed to the development of automated
component rear axle career, bull gear, and shaft of manufacturing system. Therefore dedicated fixture
181 | P a g e
2. M. Y. Dakhole, Prof. P.G. Mehar, Prof. V.N. Mujbaile / International Journal of Engineering
Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.181-192
designs are specially designed for each specific roller chain is B29. A free-turning roller encircles
operation, with special consideration of fixture each bushing to provide rolling engagement and
structure, auxiliary support, and other operational contact with sprocket teeth. The distance between
properties. Moreover, the operations can be flexing joints in roller chain is the pitch, which is the
conducted quickly and the tolerance requirement can basic designation for different chain sizes. Larger
easily assured in the operation. The problem pitch indicates larger links with higher load ratings.
involving in dedicated fixture application includes Although a small pitch chain carries fewer loads, it
the flexibility and long lead time required to designed offers smoother, quieter operation than a chain of
and fabricate the fixture. When product design larger pitch (Power transmission design)[5]. Figure 3.2
change like the shape and the size changes he shows the schematic of roller chain.
dedicated fixture are usually not longer useful and
scrapped. Today a flexible fixture is desired to a
certain extent in order to design variations of the
products (Taufif Bin Zakaria, 2008)[2]..
2.1.2 Fixture Design Methods:
Jeng and Gill (1997) formulated a fixture
design problem in hierarchical design structure.
Mervyn et al. (2003) presented an internet-enabled
fixture design system by the use of XML file format. Fig.3.1 Schematic of roller chain link (Shoji Naguchi,
Rios et al. (2005) and Alarcon et al. (2010) developed et.al, 2009)[10]
and presented KBE (knowledge based engineering)
application for, modular fixture design. Hunter et al. 3. Design of Fixture
(2006) presented a functional design approach in
3.1 Fixture Design Criteria
which the functional requirements and constraints are The following design criteria must be
considered as an input to the fixture design process. observed during the procedure of fixture design:
Wang and Rong (2008) and Sun and Chen (2007)
Design specifications
presented the case based reasoning method to provide
Factory standards
a computer aided fixture design solution. Perremans
(1996) developed an expert system for automatic Ease of use and safety
fixture design 2.2 Chain Conveyor Economy
A chain conveyor is a type of conveyor
system for moving material through production lines. 3.2 Fixture locating principle
Chain conveyors utilize a powered continuous chain One of the principal purposes of a fixture is
arrangement, carrying a series of single pendants. to locate the work piece surfaces for performing a
The chain arrangement is driven by a motor, and the different operation. This is usually done with respect
material suspended on the pendants is conveyed. to a number of factors to be considered such as the
Chain conveyors are primarily used to transport reference datum, supporting Surfaces, features those
heavy unit loads, e.g. pallets, grid boxes, and are likely to obstruct the tool movement or access
industrial containers. These conveyors can be single direction, etc. In general, the following Surfaces
or double chain strand in configuration. The load is should be distinguished:
positioned on the chains; the friction pulls the load Active surfaces
forward. Many industry sectors use chain conveyor These are surfaces to be machined, i.e. surfaces
technology in their production lines. The automotive which are subjected to the action of cutting tools.
industry commonly uses chain conveyor systems to Supporting and locating surfaces
convey car parts through paint plants. Chain These are surfaces by means of which the work piece
conveyors also have widespread use in the white and is to be located with respect to set-to-size cutting
brown goods, metal finishing and distribution tools.
industries. Chain conveyors are also used in the Clamping surfaces
painting and coating industry, this allows for easier Clamping surfaces are subjected to the clamping
paint application. The products are attached to an forces for obtaining invariant location. Clamping
above head chain conveyor, keeping products off of surfaces are usually not finish-machined surfaces as
the floor allows for higher productivity levels.[4] clamping marks could damage the finish.
Datum surfaces
2.2.1 Roller chain Datum surfaces are reference surfaces where the
Flexure joints in roller chain contain pins dimensions are to be maintained and measured.
that pivot inside the roller bushings. The pins are Free surfaces
usually press fitted into the pin link plates, and roller Free surfaces are surfaces not involved in the set-up
bushings are press fitted into roller link plates, as for the particular operation.
shown in figure1.The ANSI standard for single pitch (An advance treatise on fixture design)[7]
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Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.181-192
- Anticlockwise around Y axis (ACROT-Y)
3.3 Clamping Principles - Clockwise around Z axis (CROT-Z)
3.3.1 Basic Principles of Clamping - Anticlockwise around Z axis (ACROT-Z)
3.3.3.1 Orientation of Locators vis-a-vis Clamping During a set-up, it is necessary to restrict
Force certain degrees of freedom so as to locate and orient
It is necessary in all clamping devices that the active surfaces with respect to the cutting tools.
the clamping forces hold the workpiece in its located Since supporting or restricting surfaces may vary
position and should not cause any positional from the true geometrical shape, especially on rough-
displacement or excessive distortion under the action machined surfaces or cast blanks, it is desirable that
of the clamping forces. Clamping forces should be the workpiece be located with respect to the point
directed towards supporting and locating elements on supports.
overhanging or thin sections of the workpiece. In It’s Important to restrict all the twelve
addition, the force should be transmitted to the rigid degrees of freedom except the three transitional
sections of the body frame of the fixture. Cylindrical degrees of freedom (-X, -Y and -Z) in order to locate
workpieces located in V-blocks can be clamped using the work piece in the fixture. So, nine degrees of
another Vblock, making a 4-point clamping, or freedom of the work piece need to be restricted.
clamped in a 3-jaw chuck, in a 3-point clamping By using the 3-2-1 method as shown below:
configuration. The latter is usually more common, Rest the work piece on three non-collinear points of
especially in turning operations. the bottom surface (XY), and then we will be able to
restrict the +Z,CROT-X, ACROT-X, CROT-
3.3.3.2 Effect of External Forces on the Clamping Y and ACROT-Y degrees of freedom. Now, rest the
Action work piece at two points of side surface (XZ), and
Clamping elements can be classified in you will be able to restrict the +Y and ACROT-Z
accordance with their force-deflection characteristics. degrees of freedom. Now, rest the work piece
There are two broad sub-divisions, viz.: at one point of the adjacent surface (YZ), and you
Type I: clamping elements in which the elastic will be able to restrict the +X and CROT-Z degrees
deformation increases with clamping force, such as of freedom.
screws, levers, cams, etc., So, we can successfully restrict nine
Type II: clamping elements in which the clamping required degrees of freedom by using the 3-2-1
force assumes a constant value independent of the principle of fixture design.
elastic deformation at the contact surfaces such as
fixtures operated with hydraulic or pneumatic 3.5 Design and Development of Fixture
pressures. 3.5.1 Fixture design for Rear Axle Carrier
Within the elastic region, clamping elements The rear axle carrier of tractor for which
based on elastic deformation, i.e.Type I clamps, fixture element is to be designed is as shown in figure
would exhibit a linearly increasing clamping force in 3.2.
proportion to the deformation of the clamping
element, if the workpiece or the locator is assumed to
be rigid. If the workpiece or locator deforms, it will
cause a relaxation of the clamping element and the
clamping force will decrease. A limiting case arises
when the clamping is lost and the force becomes
zero.In Type I1 clamps, the clamping force remains
constant at pre-set values and isindependent of
workpiece and locator deformation. This type of
clamping device istherefore more reliable and would
not relax over time.
3.4 Restrictions on the Degrees of Freedom of a
Workpiece
A workpiece, just like any free solid body, Fig. 3.2 Rear axle Carrier
has twelve degrees of freedom. Dedicated fixture component for the rear
Six rectilinear displacements along the axle carrier consist of two pairs of resting pads. The
mutually orthogonal co-ordinate axes (+X, - pads are mounted vertically. Pad’s height is
X, +Y, -Y, +Z, -Z) considered by the operation oriented inputs so that
Six angular displacements with respect to further processes should not affect by fixturing and
the same axes locating the component, since uniformity is to be
- Clockwise around X axis (CROT-X) considered for all components in process of the
- Anticlockwise around X axis (ACROT-X) machine. The resting pads are as shown in figure 3.3.
- Clockwise around Y axis (CROT-Y)
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(1) Locating ring, (2) Hinge block, (3) Hinge
pin
Above designed fixture elements to hold the
rear axle carrier, are then mounted on holding plates
which are fixed on the chain, as shown in figure 3.5.
Fig 3.5. Mounting of fixture elements on mounting
Fig 3.3. UHMW Resting pad plates
The fixture element to locate the rear axle carrier is While executing the cleaning operation on respective
designed by considering the shape and size of the rear workstations, the component, rear axle carrier will be
axle carrier, as shown in figure 3.4 hold by designed fixture as shown in figure 3.6.
Fig 3.6. Holding of rear axle carrier on fixture
elements
3.5.2 Fixture design for Rear Axle Shaft
The rear axle shaft of a tractor engine for
which a holding device i.e. fixture element is to be
designed, is as shown in figure 3.7.
Fig 3.4 . Fixture element for Rear axle carrier
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Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.181-192
Quantity required in one fixture set –
V rod – 1 = 2 Nos.
V rod – 2 = 2 Nos.
Maximum weight of –
V rod – 1 = 0.70 kg
V rod – 2 = 0.5 kg
The mounting of V rod – 1 and V rod – 2 on
holding plates and also the holding of shaft on the
designed fixture elements is as shown in figure 3.9
and figure 3.10. The fixture elements i.e. V rods are
fixed on the holding plate by the means of M10 head
socket head cap screw (15 mm).
Fig 3.7. Rear Axle Shaft of Tractor Engine
Dedicated fixture component for the rear
axle carrier consist of two V rods of different height.
The V rods are selected to minimize the area of
contact between rod and shaft. The rods are mounted
vertically on holding plates. V-rod’s height is
considered by the operation oriented inputs so that
further processes should not affect by fixturing and
locating the component, since uniformity is to be
considered for all components in process of the
machine. The V rods (V rod – 1 and V rod – 2) are as
shown in figure 3.8.
Fig. 3.9 Mounting of fixture elements on holding
plates
Fig.3.8. Fixture elements for holding Rear Axle Shaft
(i) V Rod – 1 , (ii) V Rod – 2. Fig. 3.10 Mounting of rear axle shaft on fixture
Material of V Rod 1 and V Rod 2 is AISI 304. elements.
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3.5.3 Fixture Design for Bull Gear As seen above, the different fixture elemnts for rear
Bull gear of the tractor engine to be hold to axle carrier, rear axle shaft and bull gears are
clean before going to assembly section, is as shown designed by considering the geometry of these
in figure 3.11. components. The details of these fixture elements are
as given below.
Material of fixture elements (except resting
pads) is AISI 304.
Quantity required for one fixture set –
- UHMW resting pads = 08 nos.
- Fixture elements for rear Axle
Carrier = 02 nos.
- V rod – 1 ( for rear axle shaft) = 02
nos.
Fig 3.11 Bull gears - V rod – 3 (for rear axle shaft) = 02
By considering the geometry of the bull nos.
gears, a fixture element, to hold the gears while - Fixture elements for bull gears = 02
performing the cleaning operations in assembly line nos.
to avoide accidents in conveyor zone, is designed and These designed fixture elements should
drafted as follows. move with chain conveyor. Hence its needed to
mount these fixture elements on chain conveyor. To
mount these fixture elements on chain conveyor, a
holding plate is designed by considering the
geometry and location of fixture elements on chain
conveyor. The holding plate is as shown in figure
3.13.
Fig. 3.13 Detailed View of Fixture elements holding
plate
For one fixture tray, five numbers of holding
plates are required. They are fixed on chain to make a
Fig 3.12 Fixture element to hold Bull gear of tractor fixture tray, as shown in figure 3.14. The holding
(1) Hinge pin, (2) Fixture element rods, (3) plates are mounted on chain conveyor by means of
Hinge block. M8 head socket head cap screw (15 mm). Total 8
numbers of screws are required to mount one holding
The designed fixture element is fixed on the plate.
holding plates. The bull gears will be held by this Details of holding plate:
fixture element so as to avoide movements of gears Material = AISI 304
while performing the cleaning of gears, to avoid Total number per fixture set = 05 nos.
accidents inside the conveyor zone. Weight = 3.3 kg
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Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.181-192
From the above figure, it is clear that the minimum
shear stress developed in resting pad is
- 3.4356 Mpa and it can be maximum upto 3.8944
Mpa.
4.2.1 Shear strain
Shear strain developed in the resting pad is as shown
in figure 4.2.
Fig. 4.2 Shear strain developed in resting pad
It can be seen that, the shear strain developed in the
resting pad due to weight of the rear axle carrier
ranges from 5.2861 * 10-8 max to -4.6638 * 10-8.
4.1.2 Equivalent shear stress and equivalent shear
strain
Figure 4.3 shows the equivalent shear stress
developed in resting pad. It is seen that the maximum
equivalent shear stress value is 12.56 Mpa. The
maximum value of equivalent shear stress can be
reduced by providing fillet to the edge where the
maximum equivalent stress is developed. The value
of equivalent shear strain developed ranges from
0.3822 Mpa to 12.5635 Mpa.
Fig. 3.14 Mounting of fixture elements holding plates
on chain conveyor
4. Analysis of Fixture
The static analysis of the designed fixture
elements has been done using analysis software
“Ansys -V11”.
4.1 Static analysis of resting pad
The resting pads, on which the rear axle Fig. 4.3 Equivalent stress developed in resting pad
carrier is to be mounted analysed to find the stresses
and strains developed due to load of component. The Similarly, the figure 4.4 shows the equivalent elastic
shear stress developed in the resting pad is as shown strain developed in resting. It ranges from 1.9807 *
in figure 4.1. 10-9 to 6.5105 * 10-8.
Fig. 4.1 Shear stress developed in resting pad Fig. 4.4 Equivalent elastic strain inresting pad
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Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.181-192
The values of stress and strains developed in the
resting pad are summarised as follows.
Equivalent Shear
Object Equivalent Shear
Elastic Elastic
Name Stress Stress
Strain Strain
- -
1.9807e-009
Minimum 382.27 Pa 4.6638e- 3435.6
m/m
008 m/m Pa
6.5105e-008 5.2867e- 3894.4
Maximum 12565 Pa Fig. 4.7 Equivalent strain in V rod
m/m 008 m/m Pa
4.3 Satic analysis of V rod The results of static analysis of V rod are summarised
A ststic analysis is carried out on the fixture as follows.
element for shaft i.e. V rod. It is found that the value
of shear stress ranges from -2.304e5 Pa to 2.2034e5
Pa And the value of shear strain rnages from -
3.1285e-6 to 2.9911e-6, as shown in figure 4.5.
4.4 Static analysis of Gear Fixture elements
The analysis is carried on the gear holding fixture
element. The equivalent stresses developed in the
(I)Shehear stress element is as shown in figure 4.8.
(ii) Shear Strain Fig. 4.8 Equivalent stress developed in gear fixture
Fig. 4.5 Shear stress and Shear Strain developed in rod
Vrod
Similarly, the dirstbution of equivalent strain is as
The equivalent stress and strain distribution in the V shown in figre 4.9.
rod is as shown in figure 4.6. And figure 4.7
respectively.
Fig.4.9 Equivalent strain distrubution in gear fixture.
Fig. 4.6 Equivalent stress developed in V rod
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Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.181-192
The result of analysis of gear fixture rod is The result of analysis of holding plate are as follows.
summarised as follows. Shea
Equivale Equiva r
Total Equival Total
Object Equivale Shear nt Object Shear lent Elasti
Deformati ent Deform
Name nt Stress Stress Elastic Name Stress Elastic c
on Stress ation
Strain Strain Strai
- n
Minimu 901.32 4.67e-
3.6142e+0 0. m -
m Pa 009 m/m
06 Pa - 8.9419 2.457
Minim 1725.8
1.8105e e-009 7e- 0. m
um Pa
The fixture are mounted on a holding plate. The +007 Pa m/m 004
holding plate is analysed to find out the validation of m/m
the plate. The shear stress, Equivalent stress, 2.214
2.3007
equivalent strain and deformation of the plate is as Maxi 4.4404e 1.6315e 8e- 3.8722e-
e-004
shown in figure 4.10. mum +007 Pa +007 Pa 004 004 m
m/m
m/m
5. Design of chain conveyor
5.1 Design Calculations of Chain Conveyor
5.1.1 Weight of the components
Table 5.1: Weight of the components to be carried
Total
(i) Shear stress developed in holding plate No. of Wt.
Wt./
Sr. Comp / of
Comp. Comp.
No. Fixture Com
(kg)
tray p
(kg)
Rear
Axle
1 Career 26.4 2 52.8
2 Shaft 22.6 2 45.2
3 Bull Gear 7.8 2 15.6
(II)Equivalent Stress TOTAL 6 113.6
Total weight of components on one fixture tray =
113.6 kg
Maximum number of fixture tray on conveyor at a
time = 06
Total weight of component at a time on conveyor =
113.6 x 6
= 681.6 kg ~ 700 kg.
5.1.2 Weight of fixture elements and other
components on chain conveyor
(iii) Equivalent Strain Weight of fixture for Rear axle carrier =
1.05 * 2 = 2.10 kg.
Weight of fixture for shaft
V rod 1 = 0.71 * 2 = 1.42 kg
V rod 2 = 0.72 * 2 = 1.44 kg
Weight of Gear holding fixture = 0.97 * 2 =
1.94 kg
Weight of fixture elements holding plate =
3.3 kg.
Total number of holding plates on 1 fixture
tray = 5
(iv)Total deformation Weight of total holding plates = 3.3 * 5 =
Fig. 4.10 Static analysis result of Holding plate. 17.5 kg
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Hence, 1
= × 101.6
8
Total weight of one fixture tray = 24.4 kg
= 12.7 mm
Total number of fixture tray = 6
Centre distance ≤ 80 × pitch
Weight of fixture tray = 24.4 * 6 = 146.4 kg
Hence,
Hence,
Maximum centre distance = 80 × 101.6
Total weight of fixture elements and other = 8128 mm
components = 681.6 + 146.4 = 828 ˜ 830 kg. = 8.128 m
But due to the space availability, let us consider
5.2 Selection of chain centre distance (C) = 5000 mm = 5 m.
From the catalogue of ANSI roller chain,
Chain no. 64B-1 is selected. The specification of the Length of chain
chain are as follows. N1 + N2 N1 − N2
L = 2C + +( )²
2 4π2 C
Where,
C = Centre distance = 5000 mm
N1 = Number of teeth on driven sprocket = 13
N2 = Number of teeth on driving sprocket = 13
Hence,
Length of chain = 23 m.
Weight of the chain
For the selected chain number 64B - 1, weight of the
chain is 6.5 kg/m
Fig 5.1. Schematic of roller Chain Hence, Weight of the chain = 6.5 × 23
= 149.5 kg
Chani No. 64B -1 ~ 150 kg.
Pitch of the chain (P) = 101.6 mm
Roller diameter, d1 (max) = 63.5 mm Total pulling weight = Weight of chain + Weight of
Width between inner plates, b1 (min) = 60.96 components
Pin diameter, d2 (max) = 39.40 mm = 150 + 830
Pin length, L (max) = 130.00 mm = 980 kg
Inner plate height, h2 (max) = 90.17 mm Maximum pulling weight = Total pulling weight ×
Plate thickness, t (max) = 15.00 mm Coefficient of friction
Weight per meter = 6.5 kg/m In general, for rolling application, the coefficient of
Other input parameter Parameters friction is considered to be 0.2.
Chain speed (v) = 4 m/min Hence,
Select number of teeth on sprocket (z) = 13 Maximum pulling weight = 980 × 0.2
= 196 kg.
5.3 Analytical calculations of Chain Conveyor Let, g = 10 m/s2
Pitch circle diameter of sprocket Hence,
P Maximum pulling weight = 1960 N.
PCD = π
sin Pulling Torque
z
PCD of sprocket (Dp) = 425 mm = 0.425 Required torque = Maximum pulling weight
m. PCD
×
2
Sprocket outside diameter (Do) = Dp + 0.8 d = 416.5 Nm
Where, d = Roller diameter Final output torque = required torque × Service factor
5 5 Let, Service factor = 1.5
d = × Pitch = × 101.6 = 63.5 mm
8 8
Hence,
Do = 425 + (0.8 × 63.5) = 475.8 mm
Final output torque (T) = 416.5 × 1.5
Inner width i.e. minimum distance between roller link
5 = 624.75 Nm ~ 625 Nm
plate = × Pitch Hence,
8
= 63.5 mm Pulling Torque = 625 Nm.
5
Pin diameter = × Pitc
16 Pitch between components Pc
= Centre distance
31.75 mm =
Number of fixture tray
1
Thickness of link plate = × Pitch
8
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Pitch between components Pc = 833.33mm 6. Result and Conclusion
Time to travel pitch Pc = 13 sec. As discussed above, the dedicated fixtures
60 Pitch are designed to hold the tractor components rear axle
Required RPM = Pc × ×( )
13 z carrier, rear axle shaft and bull gear. the fixture
Where, z = number of teeth = 13 elements are analysed to check the validation of the
Hence, elements. The result of analysis is as follows.
Require RPM = 2.97 rpm 1. Resting Pad
~ 3 RPM Equivalent Shear
Equivalent Shear
Elastic Elastic
Stress Stress
Strain Strain
2πnT -
Horse Power hp = -
45000 1.9807e- 4.6638e-
Minimum 382.27 Pa 3435.6
009 m/m 008
Horse Power hp = 0.26 HP Pa
m/m
π × Torque × RPM 5.2867e-
6.5105e- 3894.4
Required Power kW = Maximum 12565 Pa 008
30000 008 m/m Pa
m/m
Required Power kW = 0.20 kW
Hence, 2. V rod (Fixture element to hold shaft)
Final output Torque (T) = 625 Nm Equivale
Final output RPM (n) = 3 rpm Shear
Equivalent nt Shear
Final output Horsepower (hp) = 0.26 HP Elastic
Stress Elastic Stress
Required kilowatt (kW) = 0.20 kW. Strain
Strain
5.4 Sprocket Parameter calculations -
-
Pitch circle diameter of sprocket, PCD (Dp) = 424.5 Minimu 2.3303e- 3.1285
44.975 Pa 2.3046e+0
m ~ 425 mm m 010 m/m e-006
05 Pa
Top diameter, (Do)max = D + 1.25p – d1 = 488.5 mm m/m
(Do)min= D + p(1-1.6/z)- d1 = 450.59 mm 2.9911
Maximu 1.6844e+0 8.7274e- 2.2034e+0
e-006
m 06 Pa 006 m/m 05 Pa
Hence, let us take top Diameter = 475 mm m/m
Root diameter, Df = D – 2ri 3. Fixture element for gear
Where, ri= roller seating arrangement Equivale
(ri)max = 0.505d1 + 0.069(d1)1/3 = 32.34 mm Total
Equivale Shear nt
(ri)min = 0.505d1 = 32.06 mm Deformati
nt Stress Stress Elastic
Take ri = 32.3 mm on
Strain
-
Hence root diameter = 410.8 mm Minimu 901.32 4.67e-
3.6142e+0 0. m
m Pa 009 m/m
06 Pa
Tooth flank radius
Maximu 7.871e+0 2.0326e+0 4.0782e- 2.8847e-
(re)max = 0.008d1 (z2+180) = 117.3 mm
m 06 Pa 06 Pa 005 m/m 005 m
(re)min = 0.12d1 + (z+2) = 114.3 mm
Take tooth flank radius = 115 mm 4. Holding plate to hold the fixture elements on
Roller seating angle (α) chain conveyor
(α)max = [120 – (900/z)] = 113.080 Shea
(α)min = [140 – (900/z)] = 133.080 Equiva r
Equival Total
Hence take Object Shear lent Elasti
ent Deform
α= 1250 Name Stress Elastic c
Stress ation
Tooth height above the pitch polygon Strain Strai
(ha)max = 0.625p – 0.5d1 + (0.8p/z) = 38 mm n
(ha)min = 0.5(p – d1) = 19.05 mm -
Hence - 8.9419 2.457
Minim 1725.8
ha = 25.4mm 1.8105e e-009 7e- 0. m
um Pa
Tooth width, (bf)max= 0.95b1 = 60.325 +007 Pa m/m 004
~ 60.5mm m/m
Where, b1 = 63.5mm Maxi 4.4404e 1.6315e 2.3007 2.214 3.8722e-
mum +007 Pa +007 Pa e-004 8e- 004 m
191 | P a g e
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Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.181-192
m/m 004 [7] Andrew Yeh Chris Nee, Zien Jun Tao, A.
m/m Senthil kumar “An advance treatise on
fixture design and planning”, Series on
From the above discussion, the designed dedicated manufacturing technology and technology,
fixtures will hold the components while execution of Vol. I, pp.1 – 20.
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