The new millennium is beginning to realize the continual efforts Africa is making in quest for greater connectivity. Internet connectivity is very crucial to make Africa engage competitively in the global economy because we are in an emerging Internet age in which information equals power. This paper presents how the Internet, the Information Superhighway, can help in developing countries in Africa. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Adedamola A. Omotoso | Sarhan M. Musa ""Africa's Connectivity"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30042.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/30013/obtaining-modal-parameters-in-steel-model-bridge-by-system-identification-using-artificial-neural-networks/hakan-aydin
Information and communications technology in south africa slideshare versionDibussi Tande
A lecture given to the Global Initiatives in Management (GIM) South Africa program at Northwestern University (Kellogg School of Management), Evanston, IL, USA.
Why the future of African journalism lies in mobile social networksJude Mathurine
Why the digital divide should not be an excuse for African media leaders to ignore the power of social media particular and the Internet in general.
Introduces SMS for Social Networking Systems in Africa.
Mobile Internet - Africa's Digital BackboneAdeyemi Fowe
A presentation at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign to the students in Faculty of Engineering on the state of the art of Mobile technology in Africa.., the hopes and what the future holds.
Most Arab nations have made significant progress towards becoming knowledge-based economies by making major improvements in ICT diffusion since the mid-1990s
However, the difference in ICT use across the region is so wide that it almost creates a digital divide with the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries on one side and the rest of the MENA countries standing on the other side of the divide.
Therefore, despite making significant progress towards becoming a knowledge-based economy, a lot needs to be done for expanding broadband capacity and spreading ICT usage in non-GCC Arab nations to create a true Arab Knowledge Economy.
Prof. Bitange Ndemo is an associate professor at the University of Nairobi's Business School and the former Permanent Secretary of Kenya’s Ministry of Information and Communication having served from 2005 to 2013
Information and communications technology in south africa slideshare versionDibussi Tande
A lecture given to the Global Initiatives in Management (GIM) South Africa program at Northwestern University (Kellogg School of Management), Evanston, IL, USA.
Why the future of African journalism lies in mobile social networksJude Mathurine
Why the digital divide should not be an excuse for African media leaders to ignore the power of social media particular and the Internet in general.
Introduces SMS for Social Networking Systems in Africa.
Mobile Internet - Africa's Digital BackboneAdeyemi Fowe
A presentation at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign to the students in Faculty of Engineering on the state of the art of Mobile technology in Africa.., the hopes and what the future holds.
Most Arab nations have made significant progress towards becoming knowledge-based economies by making major improvements in ICT diffusion since the mid-1990s
However, the difference in ICT use across the region is so wide that it almost creates a digital divide with the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries on one side and the rest of the MENA countries standing on the other side of the divide.
Therefore, despite making significant progress towards becoming a knowledge-based economy, a lot needs to be done for expanding broadband capacity and spreading ICT usage in non-GCC Arab nations to create a true Arab Knowledge Economy.
Prof. Bitange Ndemo is an associate professor at the University of Nairobi's Business School and the former Permanent Secretary of Kenya’s Ministry of Information and Communication having served from 2005 to 2013
ITU is the United Nations specialized agency for information and communication technologies (ICTs). As such, it is responsible for the allocation of radio spectrum and satellite orbits, and for the standardization and development of ICTs worldwide. ITU is firmly committed to connecting all the world’s people – wherever they live and whatever their means – and safeguarding everyone’s fundamental right to communicate. ICTs underpin everything we do in the modern world, and today each and every one of us is dependent on ICT networks and applications.
They help manage and control everything from emergency services, water supplies, power networks and food distribution chains, to health care, education, government services, financial markets and local and international transportation. Tremendous progress has already been made, with well over five billion mobile cellular subscriptions worldwide, and more than two billion of the world’s people now having access to the Internet. With the help of our membership we bring the benefits of modern communication technologies to everyone in an efficient, safe, easy and affordable manner.
We bring together all the players in this extraordinarily diverse industry – from well-established businesses to new market entrants and academia – to do the best possible job. Membership in ITU benefits everyone. And it provides ITU with improved leverage and reach, helping us achieve not just our own goals, but the greater goals of humanity. It also brings a clear and rapid return on investment to our members, who benefit from ITU being a unique, neutral, global organization. ITU membership offers you unparalleled networking opportunities with the industry’s top talent, and representatives from 192 governments, along with regulators, leading academic institutions and some 700 private-sector entities.
That gives you an unrivalled opportunity to engage directly with the industry’s decision-makers to influence the future shape of the ICT sector, to agree on new standards that will give you greater market reach, and to have your voice heard around the world. We look forward to hearing from you. Dr Hamadoun I. Touré Secretary-General,
Cloud computing is viewed as having the potential to significantly bolster economic growth through the provision of cost savings and efficiencies, including the cost of management of data and security. Some of the benefits of cloud computing could be immediately realised with the small-medium enterprise (SME) sector and the public sector. Within the SME sector, cloud computing provides access to advanced IT technologies, which were previously only accessible to larger enterprises, thereby enhancing entrepreneurship and innovation. Furthermore, the public sector stands to gain from the cost-efficiencies offered by cloud computing. Though cloud providers are offering targeted cloud solutions for the SME sector, the use of these services has been limited. The paper highlights that the informal sector, which forms a significant part of businesses in Africa as it provides livelihoods to the poor and marginalised, has the potential to enjoy benefits associated with the large-scale hardware and software investments in the formal sector through cloud services. Although cloud computing is dominated by global US-based countries, it has the potential to open up African companies to unchartered offshore markets thus contributing to economic development and competitiveness, and for African businesses to aggregate international cloud services to meet local needs.
Mobile Marketing & China's Market, by StraydogStraydog
Why you should include mobile marketing and mobile web in your marketing strategy, and an in depth look at China’s mobile market.
Presented by Straydog Marketing + Design
Revoda: Mobile Election App for Nigeria 2011 ElectionsEmeka Okoye
Revoda Mobile app is a mobile application for citizens to monitor the electoral process including election.
ReVoDa turns eligible voters into informal election observers, and allows monitoring organizations to draw conclusions about the legitimacy and accuracy of the elections
ITU is the United Nations specialized agency for information and communication technologies (ICTs). As such, it is responsible for the allocation of radio spectrum and satellite orbits, and for the standardization and development of ICTs worldwide. ITU is firmly committed to connecting all the world’s people – wherever they live and whatever their means – and safeguarding everyone’s fundamental right to communicate. ICTs underpin everything we do in the modern world, and today each and every one of us is dependent on ICT networks and applications.
They help manage and control everything from emergency services, water supplies, power networks and food distribution chains, to health care, education, government services, financial markets and local and international transportation. Tremendous progress has already been made, with well over five billion mobile cellular subscriptions worldwide, and more than two billion of the world’s people now having access to the Internet. With the help of our membership we bring the benefits of modern communication technologies to everyone in an efficient, safe, easy and affordable manner.
We bring together all the players in this extraordinarily diverse industry – from well-established businesses to new market entrants and academia – to do the best possible job. Membership in ITU benefits everyone. And it provides ITU with improved leverage and reach, helping us achieve not just our own goals, but the greater goals of humanity. It also brings a clear and rapid return on investment to our members, who benefit from ITU being a unique, neutral, global organization. ITU membership offers you unparalleled networking opportunities with the industry’s top talent, and representatives from 192 governments, along with regulators, leading academic institutions and some 700 private-sector entities.
That gives you an unrivalled opportunity to engage directly with the industry’s decision-makers to influence the future shape of the ICT sector, to agree on new standards that will give you greater market reach, and to have your voice heard around the world. We look forward to hearing from you. Dr Hamadoun I. Touré Secretary-General,
Cloud computing is viewed as having the potential to significantly bolster economic growth through the provision of cost savings and efficiencies, including the cost of management of data and security. Some of the benefits of cloud computing could be immediately realised with the small-medium enterprise (SME) sector and the public sector. Within the SME sector, cloud computing provides access to advanced IT technologies, which were previously only accessible to larger enterprises, thereby enhancing entrepreneurship and innovation. Furthermore, the public sector stands to gain from the cost-efficiencies offered by cloud computing. Though cloud providers are offering targeted cloud solutions for the SME sector, the use of these services has been limited. The paper highlights that the informal sector, which forms a significant part of businesses in Africa as it provides livelihoods to the poor and marginalised, has the potential to enjoy benefits associated with the large-scale hardware and software investments in the formal sector through cloud services. Although cloud computing is dominated by global US-based countries, it has the potential to open up African companies to unchartered offshore markets thus contributing to economic development and competitiveness, and for African businesses to aggregate international cloud services to meet local needs.
Mobile Marketing & China's Market, by StraydogStraydog
Why you should include mobile marketing and mobile web in your marketing strategy, and an in depth look at China’s mobile market.
Presented by Straydog Marketing + Design
Revoda: Mobile Election App for Nigeria 2011 ElectionsEmeka Okoye
Revoda Mobile app is a mobile application for citizens to monitor the electoral process including election.
ReVoDa turns eligible voters into informal election observers, and allows monitoring organizations to draw conclusions about the legitimacy and accuracy of the elections
The lack of connectivity in rural and suburban areas prevents businesses, innovation, school homework activities, telemedicine, and a lot of things that we cannot realize. The broadband availability is the new electricity. In depth studies support that broadband plays fundamental role in accelerating the economic and social development of a country. A broader base of people accessing the internet translates into more commerce and improved educational opportunities. The connectivity boosts the economical development and innovation in all possible sectors of a country such as health, agriculture, education and consequently improvement of the skilled labor. So, it is imperative to provide ways for million of people to access the internet with a very low-cost. Universal broadband access allows the society to meet part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which are an urgent call for action by all countries - developed and developing - in a global partnership – which aims the end of poverty based on strategies to improve health and education, reduce inequality, and spur economic growth. Universal Broadband has a potential to reduce poverty and hunger, provide access to health systems, minimize the gender differences and inequalities between affordable and less affordable population, provide access to better education, economic growth, innovation culture, and provide positive impacts in environmental, social and governance (ESG).
Silicon Savannah - Why Nairobi Is The Next World Tech CapitalOn Device Research
Nairobi is one of the hottest and fastest growing tech hubs in the world right now. We look at the internet, mobile and social trends that help boost the local economy and have boosted the number of local tech startups.
Following from the theme of the 16th annual IAD Summit, this report provides tips and roadmaps to how you can access, engage and retain your stakeholders
Presentation given by Santanu Sengupta, Board Member, African Centre for Mobile Financial Inclusion on August 1st, 2011 at eWorld Forum (www.eworldforum.net) in the session Telecentres: Effective Approaches and Best Practices
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD30042 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 2 | January-February 2020 Page 503
fourth project is Africa One, which has been the most
popular.
The Africa ONE Internet project will encircle Africa with
fiber-optic lines with 41 landing points in African countries
in addition to Saudi Arabia, Greece, Spain, Portugal and
Italy.Africa One, Ltd wasownedbyColumbia Technologiesof
New Jersey, USA. The project was firstproposedin1993.It is
intended to provide state-of-the-art connectivity for the
entire African continent, at low cost and with unparalleled
reliability [6]. The project collapsed due to the downturn in
the telecommunications industry.There are now 16
undersea cables connecting Africa to the Americas, Europe
and Asia.
African fiber optic companies like Liquid Telecom are
working to make fiber Internet a reality acrossAfrica.Liquid
provides Internet connectivity to 16 countries such as the
Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda and Zimbabwe,
through both satellite and cable connections.
When a fiber-optic cable connects Nigerian cities, someone
in Kano can have a face-to-face business transactions with
his business partners in Lagos without leaving Kano. In the
same way, students will use the Internet to access
educational materials online. One can apply and find jobs
online.
2. Wireless Systems
Fiber optics cable laying in Africa has mostly been restricted
to big cities, where only 37% of Africa's population
live.Wireless broadband andsatellite are the most effective
way to reach rural areas where the majority of the
population lives.
Satellites are used mainly for global communications. They
are not replacement of the existing terrestrial systems but
rather an extension of wireless systems. They have the
unique ability to cover the globe. Users canenjoyuntethered
mobile communication anywhere within the satellite
coverage area. A satellite system will not suffer from
disasters such as flood, fire, and earthquake.
Mobile phones are the most ubiquitous modern technology.
They not only empower individual users, they enrich their
livelihoods and boost the economy as a whole. The use of
mobile phones has become widespread worldwide,
particularly in Africa. This has led to financial services, such
as mobile money, mobile payment, and mobile banking
which have fostered financial inclusion [7]. Across Africa,
mobile phones spur innovation and boost incomes: farmers
use them to check market prices before selling to
middlemen, and market traders can accept payments in
mobile money. Mobile phone networks have the potential to
influence human development in remote villages.
The mobile infrastructure has become as important to
national economies as transportation and energy
infrastructures. Mobile phones have revolutionized the way
Africans get online. Most get into the cyberspace directly on
their phones rather than on computers connected through
fixed lines [8]. Besides providing voice communication and
Internet access, mobile networks in some African countries
now facilitate business financial transactions than the
banking industry. Mobile and online businesses will be the
future of Africa's success.
BENEFITS OF CONNECTIVITY
Internet connectivity brings a lot of benefits to Africa. These
include online education, digital economy, reduction in
digital divide and poverty, and open government.
Education: Education is widely recognized as a source
of human capital which is a useful way of encouraging
social and economic development. It is an insurance
against poverty. Internet connectivity enables online
education. There are several reasons why online
education is growing in popularity and has attracted
people from diverse groups. Perhaps thegreatest,initial
appeal for online education is its convenience,
accessibility, and availability to learners. Online
education improves access to higher education and
makes it possible for more people to attend college. It
makes the best quality education and educators
available to the whole world. Access to the world’s top
professors is priceless [9,10].
Economy: A robust Internet infrastructure will greatly
help in building wealth, creating jobs,andimprovingthe
quality of life. The benefits in the Internet economy are
not uniformly distributed across nations. Active
participation in the Internet economy requires
dedicated Internetaccesswhichislimitedandexpensive
in developing nations. Since mobile phones are
prevalent in these nations, it seems that accessing the
Internet over mobile networks will become a major, if
not the dominant, mode. The government ofeachnation
must providean environmentwherethe“neweconomy”
can thrive [11].
Reduce Digital Divide& Poverty: Digital divide and
poverty are extreme in Africa. Digital dividereferstothe
inequality of access to the Internet technology. It is
about the disparity between thetechnological haves and
have-nots. It has polarized society into two groups—
those who have access to ICT and those who donot[12].
The information revolution is still a dream for many in
Africa. .As world becomes Internet dependent,peoplein
developing countries they becomeincreasinglyisolated.
Internet connectivity will play a major role in reducing
poverty and digital divide [1].
Governance: Digital connectivity will improve
governance by promoting transparency. Transparency
involves transparency of government operations and
transparency of government-held data. It occurs
through the support of society, government, and media.
More transparency means improved governance and
greater efficiency. Transparency increases public
understanding of government. Participation entails
including citizens in the democratic processes. The
technologies will serve as resources for building better
government policies [13].
CONCLUSION
As new technologies continue to evolve, the deployment of
Internet access across Africa will continue to rise. Costs will
continue to fall, especially in wireless technologies.
Although Africa’s Internet economy is booming,thereisa lot
of work to be done. Africa has a long way to go before it can
reap any broadband dividend. Good policies, including
legislation, can have a positive effect on better Internet
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD30042 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 2 | January-February 2020 Page 504
access. Every African nation must continually reform its
telecom sectors to witness growth in connectivity. Theymay
follow the three major reform measures (managed
liberalization, partial privatizationandregulatory re-design)
that South Africa made the telecom sector [14].
REFERENCES
[1] B. Barry et al., “eGY-Africa: Better Internetconnectivity
to reduce the digital divide,”IST-Africa2010Conference
Proceedings, 2010.
[2] A. Houissa, “The Internet predicamentin the Middle
East and North Africa: connectivity, access and
censorship,” Journal of Librarianship and Information
Science, vol. 32, no. 2, June 2000, pp. 56-63.
[3] M. N. O Sadiku, Optical and Wireless Communications:
Next Generation Networks. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press,
2002.
[4] J. Dhliwayo, “Developing a fiberoptic backbone for
Africa,”
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26518414
0_Developing_a_fiber_optic_backbone_for_Africa
[5] “Internet in Africa,” Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_in_Africa
[6] M. N. O. Sadiku and C. N. Obiozor, "Africa in the global
undersea telecommunication network," Proceedingsof
4th African-USA International Conference on
Manufacturing Technology, 1997, pp. 166-172.
[7] M. N.O. Sadiku, S.M. Musa, and O. M. Musa, ”Mobile
money,” International Journal inScientificResearchand
Engineering, vol. 3, no. 8, Sept. 2017, pp. 1-4.
[8] “Mobile phones are transforming Africa,”
https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-
africa/21711511-mobile-phones-are-transforming-
africa-where-they-can-get-signal-mobile-phones
[9] M. N. O. Sadiku, M. Tembely, and S.M. Musa, ”Online
education,” Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering
Science and Technology, vol. 4, no. 1, Jan. 2017, pp.
6479-8481.
[10] M. N.O. Sadiku, S.M. Musa, and S. R. Nelatury, ”Massive
open online courses,” International Journal of
Engineering Research and Allied Sciences, vol. 2, no. 5,
May 2017, pp. 1-3.
[11] M. N. O. Sadiku, S. M. Musa, and O. S. Musa, ”Internet
economy,” International Journal of Engineering
Research and Advanced Technology, vol. 3, no. 10, Oct.
2017, pp. 48-51.
[12] M. N. O. Sadiku, A. E. Shadare, E. Dada, and S. M. Musa,
“Digital divide,”JournalofMultidisciplinaryEngineering
Science and Technology, vol. 3, no. 10, Oct. 2016, pp.
5661-5663.
[13] M.N.O. Sadiku, and S.M. Musa and O. D. Momoh, “Open
government,” International Journal of Engineering
Research and Advanced Technology, vol. 2, no.12, Dec.
2016, pp. 17-20.
[14] A. Barendse, “Innovative regulatory and policy
initiativesat increasingICTconnectivityinSouthAfrica,
”Telematics and Informatics, vol. 21, 2004, pp. 49–66.
Figure1 Internet penetration [1]