African-American History ~ Jim Crow
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The document summarizes the system of Jim Crow laws and racial oppression in the post-Reconstruction South. It describes how Black farmers were forced into sharecropping and debt peonage due to falling cotton prices. Jim Crow was upheld by Supreme Court decisions that rolled back civil rights. Racial segregation laws required separation in public places and disenfranchisement stripped most Black southerners of the right to vote by the early 20th century. Lynching was used to terrorize the Black community and affirm white supremacy.
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African-American History ~ Jim Crow
- 1. Jim Crow
- 5. Legal Underpinnings Jim Crow was undergirded by reactionary Supreme Court decisions that rolled back civil rights gains made during Reconstruction: 1) Slaughterhouse Cases 2) U.S. v. Reese (1875) 3) U.S. v. Cruikshank (1875) 4) Civil Rights Cases (1883) 5) U.S. v. Santa Clara Railroad (1886) 6) Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
- 9. Segregation
- 19. Civil Rights Struggle: NACW
- 20. Niagara Movement & NAACP
Editor's Notes
- (copyleft 2008) Chad David Cover.Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 1.0 Generic. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/1.0/
- As one sharecropper put it, the only direction Southern farmers were headed in was “facing the eastbound end of a westbound mule.”
- Problem: But the price cotton fell from 1880 to 1900.
- (L) W.E.B.DuBois(R) Mary Church Terrell (1863-1954), the daughter of a politically powerful financier from Memphis, TN, received an M.A. from Oberlin in 1888. She moved to Washington, D.C. to teach school & became a leader in the black society of the city after her marriage to Robert Terrell. She founded the National Assocation of Colored Women in 1896 and was the first female member of the DC Board of Education. IN 1909 she became a charter member of the NAACP.