2. Nationalism in Africa
 During the 1900s, almost every
part of Africa was a European
Colony.
 The few economical booms, were
exploited by colonizers for their
own benefit.
 During the 1920s a new
generation of leaders, proud of
their unique heritage, struggled to
stop imperialism and restore
Africa for Africans.

3. White Africa
 In South Africa, locals were forced to
work in mines and plantations.
 In Kenya and Rhodesia, white settlers
forced the Africans off the best land.
 African farmers were forced to grow
cash crops, like cotton instead of food.
 This led to famines in some regions.
 During WWI, more than a million
Africans had fought for the
Europeans. They had hoped this
would give them more rights and
opportunities… Most of the times the
situation remained the same or
worsened.

4. Resisting Colonial Rule
 Western-educated
Africans criticized imperial
rule.
 They had degrees, yet the
best jobs went to whites.
 Calling for self-
determination, they
condemned the colonial
system.
 Socialism found a growing
audience.

5. Racial Segregation
 In early 20th century South Africa, whites
tightened their grip, ton ensure
economical, political and social supremacy:
 New laws restricted better paying jobs to
whites only, low pay jobs for blacks.
 Africans had to carry IDs.
 Forced to live in crowded “reservations”.
 In 1948, Apartheid, came into effect.
 Apartheid: policy of rigid segregation.
 Like other African countries, new
movements, looking to bring down these
unfair laws, They didn’t have any effect on
the SA government, but it built a base for
future movements.

6. Worksheet: Israeli Apartheid
 BACKGROUND:
 The State of Israel's treatment of the Palestinians has been compared by
United Nations investigators, human rights groups and critics of Israeli
policy to South Africa's treatment of non-whites during its apartheid era.
 Israel has also been accused of committing the crime of apartheid. Critics
of Israeli policy say that "a system of control" in the Israeli-occupied West
Bank, including Jewish-only settlements, separate roads, military
checkpoints, discriminatory marriage law, the West Bank barrier, use of
Palestinians as cheap labour, Palestinian West Bank enclaves, inequities
in infrastructure, legal rights, and access to land and resources between
Palestinians and Israeli residents in the Israeli-occupied territories
resembles some aspects of the South African apartheid regime, and that
elements of Israel's occupation constitute forms of colonialism and of
apartheid, which are contrary to international law.

7. Worksheet: Israeli Apartheid
 Answer the following, in two
paragraphs, after reading
the background and your
sheet:
 Compare African apartheid
with Israel’s system.
 Give your personal opinion
on why do you think
Israelis do this and if you
think it’s right or wrong.

8. Vocabulary
 Heritage: features belonging to the culture of a
particular society, such as traditions, languages, or
buildings, which come from the past and are still
important
 Imperialism: the attempt of one country to control
another country, by political and economic methods.
 Cash Crops: a crop that is grown mainly to be
sold, rather than used by the people who grew it or
those living in the area it is grown in.
 Western-educated: having an education like North
America and western Europe
 Self-determination: the ability or power to make
decisions for yourself, especially the power of a nation
to decide how it will be governed
 Apartheid: a political system in South Africa that legally
separated people of different races.

9. Bibliography
 Ellis, E. G., & Esler, A. (2009). World History. (P.
Hall, Ed.) Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, US:
Pearson Education INC.
 Wikipedia. (n.d.). Israel and the apartheid analogy.
(Various, Editor) Retrieved June 3, 2012, from
Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel_and_the_apartheid
_analogy.
 Images taken from www.google.com