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Garlic is a species of onion native to Central Asia. It is cultivated for its bulb, which consists of numerous cloves enclosed in paper-like skins. The document discusses garlic's botanical features, including its flowers, leaves, roots, and bulb structure. It also describes several popular Indian garlic varieties such as Agrifound Parvati, G-282, Yamuna Safed 4, G-41, and Sweta, noting their characteristics like bulb size, color, pungency, and yield.
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- Garlic has high nutritional value and is a source of carbohydrates, protein, phosphorus, vitamins and minerals.
- Popular garlic varieties developed in India include Bhima Omkar, Bhima Purple, and Yamuna Safed-5.
LANDSCAPE INTRODUCTION OF TREES, SHURBS,CLIMBERS AND CREEPS IN INDIA.pptx
A landscape is the visible features of an area of land, its landforms, and how they integrate with natural or man-made features, often considered in terms of their aesthetic appeal.
Garlic ppt
Garlic is a valuable spice crop grown in India and worldwide. It promotes heart and immune health and supports blood circulation. Major producers include the USA, Egypt, China, Korea, and India. Garlic is rich in nutrients and antioxidants. In India, production is low despite suitable climatic conditions across many states. Popular varieties developed in India include Bhima Omkar, Bhima Purple, and Yamuna Safed-5. Garlic is typically grown through cloves planted during June-July and October-November seasons. Proper soil preparation, fertilization, irrigation, and pest/disease management are needed to achieve optimal yields.
Seed production of turnip
- Turnip is a biennial or annual crop originating from Central and Southern Europe and Afghanistan. It has perfect, yellow flowers and produces siliqua fruit tipped with a seedless beak.
- Turnip is a long day crop that produces seeds in the spring. It requires cool or moderate climates with 700-1000mm of rainfall annually. Seed is usually produced using the root-to-seed or seed-to-seed method.
- In seed production, roguing is important to select only true-to-type plants. Spacing and isolation distances depend on the variety and production method. Harvesting occurs when pods turn reddish-brown and seeds are threshed and dried before storage.
Zingiberaceae
PREPARED BY SAUDHA (II M.Sc. Botany) ,THRISSUR ,KERALA
ABOUT THE FAMILY ZINGIBERACEAE
REFERENCE: O P SHARMA
Tamarack Garlic Farm
Tamarack Garlic Farm grows and sells gourmet garlic seed and eating garlic. Buy Garlic on our site and have it shipped to you. Tamarack Garlic Farm is a great place to purchase garlic seed stock and garlic for eating. Our garlic is grown in the USA.
Carrots seed production
Carrots have an optimal growth environment of 1500-2500m altitude, 500mm rainfall, and 15-20°C temperatures. They grow best in deep, loose, well-draining sandy or loamy soils with a pH of 6.0-6.5. Regular watering is important to maintain soil moisture levels and prevent roots from becoming woody or splitting. Photoperiod also influences flowering, with shorter photoperiods during chilling treatments promoting faster flowering than longer photoperiods.
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LANDSCAPE INTRODUCTION OF TREES, SHURBS,CLIMBERS AND CREEPS IN INDIA.pptx
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Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
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Increasing urbanization, rural–urban migration, rising standards of living, and rapid development associated with population growth have resulted in increased solid waste generation by industrial, domestic and other activities in Nairobi City. It has been noted in other contexts too that increasing population, changing consumption patterns, economic development, changing income, urbanization and industrialization all contribute to the increased generation of waste.
With the increasing urban population in Kenya, which is estimated to be growing at a rate higher than that of the country’s general population, waste generation and management is already a major challenge. The industrialization and urbanization process in the country, dominated by one major city – Nairobi, which has around four times the population of the next largest urban centre (Mombasa) – has witnessed an exponential increase in the generation of solid waste. It is projected that by 2030, about 50 per cent of the Kenyan population will be urban.
Aim:
A healthy, safe, secure and sustainable solid waste management system fit for a world – class city.
Improve and protect the public health of Nairobi residents and visitors.
Ecological health, diversity and productivity and maximize resource recovery through the participatory approach.
Goals:
Build awareness and capacity for source separation as essential components of sustainable waste management.
Build new environmentally sound infrastructure and systems for safe disposal of residual waste and replacing current dumpsites which should be commissioned.
Current solid waste management situation:
The status.
Solid waste generation rate is at 2240 tones / day
collection efficiently is at about 50%.
Actors i.e. city authorities, CBO’s , private firms and self-disposal
Current SWM Situation in Nairobi City:
Solid waste generation – collection – dumping
Good Practices:
• Separation – recycling – marketing.
• Open dumpsite dandora dump site through public education on source separation of waste, of which the situation can be reversed.
• Nairobi is one of the C40 cities in this respect , various actors in the solid waste management space have adopted a variety of technologies to reduce short lived climate pollutants including source separation , recycling , marketing of the recycled products.
• Through the network, it should expect to benefit from expertise of the different actors in the network in terms of applicable technologies and practices in reducing the short-lived climate pollutants.
Good practices:
Despite the dismal collection of solid waste in Nairobi city, there are practices and activities of informal actors (CBOs, CBO-SACCOs and yard shop operators) and other formal industrial actors on solid waste collection, recycling and waste reduction.
Practices and activities of these actor groups are viewed as innovations with the potential to change the way solid waste is handled.
CHALLENGES:
• Resource Allocation.
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原版制作(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
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1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
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Aex mit
- 2. Presentation on BOTANY AND VARIETAL DISCRIPTION OF GARLIC Submitted by, SANTOSH J HOSALLI 3 BSc( HOrT) ID NO: UHS10UG263 Submitted to, Mr. K POTTAPA DEPT AEX
- 4. Garlic: The Plant and History
- 5. GARLIC • S.NAME :Allium sativum • C.name : Ail, ajo, alii sativi bulbs, garlic, Russian penicillin, stinky rose • FAMILY :Alliaceae • Chromosome no:16 • Origion :Central ASIA • Genus :Alium
- 6. Garlic Plant • Garlic, Allium sativum, is a root crop (meaning the bulb grows underground) of the family Alliaceae • It is among the oldest of all cultivated plants; in facts, its species name, sativum, means cultivated
- 7. Garlic Flower • The flowers are placed at the end of a stalk rising directly from the bulb, grouped together in a globular head, or umbel, with an enclosing leaf-like structure called spathae, and among them are small bulbils • Garlic flowers, though pretty, were rarely picked as ornament because of their strong odor
- 8. Garlic Bulb • The bulb of Allium sativum is the only part of the plant eaten • It is compound in nature, consisting of numerous bulbils, known technically as cloves • The cloves are grouped together between the membranous scales and enclosed within a whitish skin, which holds them as in a sac
- 9. GARLIC CLOVE •The cloves are enclosed by the dry outer scales •Many cloves of garlic do not produce flower stalk •Fach clove consist ofprotective cylindrical sheath •Propogation of garlic is mainly done by cloves
- 10. Garlic leaf • Leaf are narrow and flat • Leafblade is linear flat. solid • 2.5 cm or less in width, • Leaves are folded lenthwise
- 11. Garlic leaf
- 12. Garlic Root • Garlic has superficial adventitious root system
- 13. • VARIETIES OF GARLIC
- 14. Agrifound Parvati • Suitable for North-India hills • Very big size • Pinkish white in colour • Yield 17.5 to 22.5 t/ha • Medium storability • Good for export
- 15. . G-282 • Bigger bulb size • Yellowish white in colour • TSS 38% • Medium storability • Yield 17 to 20 t/ha
- 16. Yamuna Safed 4 • Solid bulb and attractive white colour • Equatorial diameter 3.5 to 4.5 cm • TSS 38 to 40% • Yield 15 to 17 t/ha
- 17. . G-41 • Bigger bulb size • Equatorial diameter 5.2 cm and polar diameter 5.0 cm • White in colour • Highly pungent • Average 26 cloves per bulb • Ready for harvest 130 to 135 days after sowing • Yield 10.0 to 13.0 t/ha
- 18. Sweta (Selection 10) • Bigger bulb in size • Equatorial diameter 5.2 cm and polar diameter 5.0 cm • White in colour • Highly pungent • Average 26 cloves per bulb • Ready for harvest 130 to 135 days after sowing • Yield 10.0 to 10.5 t/ha
- 19. Godavari •Medium size bulbs •Equatorial diameter 4.3 cm Polar diameter 4.3 cm •Average 24 cloves per bulb •Highly pungent •Ready for harvest 140 to 145 days after sowing •Yield 10.0-10.5 t/ha
- 20. Agrifound white (G-41) • SOURCE :developed at NHRDF • Bulb colour :silvery-white skinned • Bulb diameter : 3.5 - 4.5 cm • Number of cloves per bulb: 20 - 25 • TSS : 41 % • Dry matter : 43 % • Resistance : Susceptible to purple blotch and Stemphylium blight • Yield :130q|ha
- 22. Yamuna Safed (G 1) Source : Developed at NHRDF Bulb colour Silvery - white with creamy flesh Bulb diameter : 4 - 4.5 cm Number of cloves per bulb: 25 – 30 Dry matter : 39 - 40 % Resistance : Tolerant to thrips, purple blotch and Stemphylium blight Yield :150-180q|ha
- 23. Yamuna Safed (G 1)
- 24. (3) Yamuna Safed -2(G -50 • Source " : Developed at NHRDF • Area of adaptation : Northern parts of India • Flesh colour White - creamy • Bulb diameter : 3.5 - 4 cm • Dry matter : 40 - 41 % • Yield : 150 - 200 q/ha
- 26. Agrifound Parvati (G-313) • Source : Developed at NHRDF • Pedigree : Selection from the material collected from Hong kong • Bulb colour : Creamy white with pinkish tinge • Bulb diameter : 5 - 6 cm • Number of cloves per bulb: 10 - 16 • Yield : 175-225 q/ha