The aim of this research was to establish the roles of leadership skills and teachers performances by examining the role of motivation of teachers and analyzing the relationship between administrative support and teachers’ performances in private secondary schools in Mbarara City. This study was guided by a descriptive survey design using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The target population comprised of teachers, head teachers and the LC3 chairperson and school founders from the selected private secondary schools. The researcher obtained responses from selected school founders, head teachers, teachers by using a structured questionnaires and interview guide documentary analysis and focus group discussions. It was revealed that most of the respondents, 119 accounting to 73% strongly agreed that leadership skills lead to improved concentration in class, 8 respondents disagreed while 1.8% strongly disagreed. On the other hand, it was revealed that most of the respondents, 122 (75%) strongly agreed that motivation of teachers leads to enough time dedicated to school, 29 (17.9%) agreed, 8 accounting to 5% disagreed while 3 (1.7%) strongly disagreed with the statement. Most of the respondents, 122 accounting to 75% strongly agreed that there is an interpersonal relationship between administrative support and teachers’ performances, 29 respondents accounting to 17.9% agreed, 8 accounting to 5% disagreed while 5 respondents accounting to 1.8% strongly disagreed. It was concluded that administrative support is a requirement for the performance of teachers. Such support as offering of free counselling services and good interpersonal relationships enhanced the performance of teachers. It was recommended that; school authorities should improve on leadership skills but not dwelling on them as the most important motivational practice required for the performance of teachers. This is because whereas the performance of teachers was good, some leadership skills were poor.
Keywords: Teachers, job, performance, administrative, support, secondary schools, Mbarara city and motivation.
Exploring Factors Impacting Teachers' Performance and Commitment in Primary S...Turyamureeba Silaji
This research delves into the factors influencing teachers' performance and commitment in
primary schools within Ryeru Sub-County, Rubirizi District. Conducted through interviews
and self-administered questionnaires, the study gathered data from 120 respondents,
comprising school management committee members, PTA members, head teachers, and
teachers. It analyzes the demographic distribution, educational backgrounds, and viewpoints
regarding the causes of poor teacher performance, including motivations, facilities,
qualifications, absenteeism, and the school environment. Additionally, it investigates the
impact of leadership styles on teacher commitment, exploring aspects like motivation, work
recurrence, job opportunities, satisfaction, retention, rapport with leaders, and recognition.
Notably, the research unveils a significant relationship between leadership styles and teacher
commitment, providing insights into potential solutions to address teacher absenteeism.
Keywords: Teachers' Performance, Teacher Commitment, Leadership Styles, Primary Schools,
Ryeru Sub- Absenteeism, Motivation
Fringe Benefits, Administrative Support And Physical Work Environment As Corr...Turyamureeba Silaji
Guided by Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory, this study was carried done to establish how motivational practices, namely fringe benefits, administrative support and physical work environment correlate with the way teachers perform their duties in private secondary schools in Mbarara District, Uganda. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design, using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Two hundred fourteen people, comprising Board of governors, PTA Chair persons, teachers, as well as the head teachers from selected private secondary schools was used as respondents. To analyse the findings, descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient were used. The findings showed that there is no significant correlation between fringe benefits and teachers’ performance (r = 0.015, p = 0.843 > 0.05); that there is a positive and significant relationship between administrative support and performance of teachers (r = 0.168, p = 0.025 < 0.05); and that there is a positive and significant relationship between physical work environment and performance of teachers (r = 0.213, p = 0.005 < 0.05). Thus, it was recommended that school administrators should provide better motivational practices to teachers so that they can perform better.
Administrative Leaders’ Strategies as Correlates of Workers' Job Performance.pdfssuser6f4a6d
The study investigated the Principals’ Administrative Strategies as
Correlates of Teachers’ Job Performance in Secondary Schools in Nsukka
Education Zone of Enugu State. Four research questions and four null
hypotheses guided the study. A correlational survey design was adopted for
this study. The population comprised 1830 principals and teaching staff. A
sample size of 605 respondents was drawn using a proportionate random
sampling technique. The two designed instruments used for data collection
are Principals' Administrative Strategies Questionnaires (PASQ) and
Teachers' Job Performance Questionnaires (TJPQ). The instrument was
subjected to face validation by three experts and internal consistency of the
instrument was obtained using Cronbach Alpha that yielded an index of 0.73.
Data collected were analyzed using regression analysis while regression
ANOVA was used in testing the formulated hypotheses at a 0.05 level of
significance. The findings revealed among others that, open communication,
carrying teachers along and providing for teachers’ welfare among others are
principals’ administrative strategies for enhancing teachers’ job performance
in public secondary schools. The result also revealed that a highly positive
significant relationship exists between principals’ administrative strategies in
decision-making, delegation of duties, open communication and management
of staff welfare and teachers’ job performance in public secondary schools in
Enugu state. The study recommended among others that principals in public
secondary schools should adopt positive administrative strategies as identified
in this study to promote teachers’ job performance
Supervision as a Determinant of Public Secondary School Teachers’ Effectivene...iosrjce
The study investigated supervision as a determinant of public secondary school teachers’
effectiveness in Central Senatorial District of Delta State. Seven research questions were raised and answered
and seven hypotheses were formulated and tested to guide the study. The study used the correlational research
design. A sample of 997 teachers was utilized for the study. The research instrument used for data collection
was the questionnaire titled teachers’ supervision and teachers’ effectiveness (TSTE) questionnaire. The data
collected were analyzed using simple percentage for the socio-demographic data and simple regression and
correlation statistics for the research questions and hypotheses. The seven hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level
of significance. The results revealed that there was a significant relationship between teachers’ supervision and
their teaching effectiveness, there was a significant relationship between teachers’ educational qualification and
their teaching effectiveness, and there was a significant relationship between teachers’ teaching experience and
their teaching effectiveness, hence supervision was seen as a vital and critical element of teaching effectiveness.
The study investigated principals’ administrative strategies as correlates of teachers’ job
performance in public secondary schools in Obollo-Afor Education Zone of Enugu State. Four
research questions and four null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a
correlational survey design. The population of the study was 1,854 principals and teachers in
48 secondary schools in the Zone. A sample of 605 teachers was drawn using proportionate
stratified random sampling technique. Questionnaire was used as the instrument for data
collection and was subjected to face-validation by three experts. The internal consistency of
the instrument was obtained using Cronbach Alpha, which yielded an index of 0.72. Data
collected were analyzed using regression analysis while regression ANOVA was used in testing
the formulated hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the study revealed that,
open communication, carrying teachers’ along and providing for teachers’ welfare among
others are principals’ administrative strategies for enhancing teachers’ job performance in
secondary schools. The result also, revealed a high positive significant relationship existing
between principals’ administrative strategies in decision making, delegation of duties, open
communication and management of staff welfare and teachers’ job performance in secondary
schools. The study recommended among others that principals in public secondary schools
should adopt positive administrative strategies as identified in this study to promote
teachers’ job performance.
Principals’ Administrative Strategies as Correlates of Teachers’ Job Perform...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
Principals’ Administrative Strategies as Correlates of Teachers’ Job Performance in Public Secondary Shools in Obollo-Afor Education Zone of Enugu State, Nigeria
Eze, Chidinma Esther1,2; Eze, Val Hyginus Udoka1; Ifeyinwa Ogoegbunam Ezenwaji2; Nwabueze, Akachukwu I2
1Department of Publication and Extension, Kampala International University, Uganda
2Department of Educational Foundation, University of Nigeria, Nsukka
________________________________________
ABSTRACT
The study investigated principals’ administrative strategies as correlates of teachers’ job performance in public secondary schools in Obollo-Afor Education Zone of Enugu State. Four research questions and four null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a correlational survey design. The population of the study was 1,854 principals and teachers in 48 secondary schools in the Zone. A sample of 605 teachers was drawn using proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection and was subjected to face-validation by three experts. The internal consistency of the instrument was obtained using Cronbach Alpha, which yielded an index of 0.72. Data collected were analyzed using regression analysis while regression ANOVA was used in testing the formulated hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the study revealed that, open communication, carrying teachers’ along and providing for teachers’ welfare among others are principals’ administrative strategies for enhancing teachers’ job performance in secondary schools. The result also, revealed a high positive significant relationship existing between principals’ administrative strategies in decision making, delegation of duties, open communication and management of staff welfare and teachers’ job performance in secondary schools. The study recommended among others that principals in public secondary schools should adopt positive administrative strategies as identified in this study to promote teachers’ job performance.
Keywords: Administrative Strategies, Teachers’ Job Performance, Decision Making, Open Communication, Teachers Welfare
This article examines the characteristics of school effectiveness and how the school effectiveness policy works in the context of education decentralization. The research approach is qualitative exploratory and was conducted in 2016 in 10 out of 35 districts/cities in Central Java Province. The results showed that there are eight characteristics of effective schools: effective school leadership, efficient learning processes, active community participation, a conducive school environment, increased professionalism of educators, heightened expectations of students, the commitment of teachers, which together lead to good student achievement. Local government policy has not been mentioned explicitly to build an effective school. The government system should contribute to creating effective schools through human resource development, community participation, provision of facilities and infrastructure, professional development of educators, guiding students’ and teachers' achievement, monitoring student progress, education financing to some degree, and the commitment of local governments to give appreciation to education actors.
Exploring Factors Impacting Teachers' Performance and Commitment in Primary S...Turyamureeba Silaji
This research delves into the factors influencing teachers' performance and commitment in
primary schools within Ryeru Sub-County, Rubirizi District. Conducted through interviews
and self-administered questionnaires, the study gathered data from 120 respondents,
comprising school management committee members, PTA members, head teachers, and
teachers. It analyzes the demographic distribution, educational backgrounds, and viewpoints
regarding the causes of poor teacher performance, including motivations, facilities,
qualifications, absenteeism, and the school environment. Additionally, it investigates the
impact of leadership styles on teacher commitment, exploring aspects like motivation, work
recurrence, job opportunities, satisfaction, retention, rapport with leaders, and recognition.
Notably, the research unveils a significant relationship between leadership styles and teacher
commitment, providing insights into potential solutions to address teacher absenteeism.
Keywords: Teachers' Performance, Teacher Commitment, Leadership Styles, Primary Schools,
Ryeru Sub- Absenteeism, Motivation
Fringe Benefits, Administrative Support And Physical Work Environment As Corr...Turyamureeba Silaji
Guided by Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory, this study was carried done to establish how motivational practices, namely fringe benefits, administrative support and physical work environment correlate with the way teachers perform their duties in private secondary schools in Mbarara District, Uganda. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design, using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Two hundred fourteen people, comprising Board of governors, PTA Chair persons, teachers, as well as the head teachers from selected private secondary schools was used as respondents. To analyse the findings, descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient were used. The findings showed that there is no significant correlation between fringe benefits and teachers’ performance (r = 0.015, p = 0.843 > 0.05); that there is a positive and significant relationship between administrative support and performance of teachers (r = 0.168, p = 0.025 < 0.05); and that there is a positive and significant relationship between physical work environment and performance of teachers (r = 0.213, p = 0.005 < 0.05). Thus, it was recommended that school administrators should provide better motivational practices to teachers so that they can perform better.
Administrative Leaders’ Strategies as Correlates of Workers' Job Performance.pdfssuser6f4a6d
The study investigated the Principals’ Administrative Strategies as
Correlates of Teachers’ Job Performance in Secondary Schools in Nsukka
Education Zone of Enugu State. Four research questions and four null
hypotheses guided the study. A correlational survey design was adopted for
this study. The population comprised 1830 principals and teaching staff. A
sample size of 605 respondents was drawn using a proportionate random
sampling technique. The two designed instruments used for data collection
are Principals' Administrative Strategies Questionnaires (PASQ) and
Teachers' Job Performance Questionnaires (TJPQ). The instrument was
subjected to face validation by three experts and internal consistency of the
instrument was obtained using Cronbach Alpha that yielded an index of 0.73.
Data collected were analyzed using regression analysis while regression
ANOVA was used in testing the formulated hypotheses at a 0.05 level of
significance. The findings revealed among others that, open communication,
carrying teachers along and providing for teachers’ welfare among others are
principals’ administrative strategies for enhancing teachers’ job performance
in public secondary schools. The result also revealed that a highly positive
significant relationship exists between principals’ administrative strategies in
decision-making, delegation of duties, open communication and management
of staff welfare and teachers’ job performance in public secondary schools in
Enugu state. The study recommended among others that principals in public
secondary schools should adopt positive administrative strategies as identified
in this study to promote teachers’ job performance
Supervision as a Determinant of Public Secondary School Teachers’ Effectivene...iosrjce
The study investigated supervision as a determinant of public secondary school teachers’
effectiveness in Central Senatorial District of Delta State. Seven research questions were raised and answered
and seven hypotheses were formulated and tested to guide the study. The study used the correlational research
design. A sample of 997 teachers was utilized for the study. The research instrument used for data collection
was the questionnaire titled teachers’ supervision and teachers’ effectiveness (TSTE) questionnaire. The data
collected were analyzed using simple percentage for the socio-demographic data and simple regression and
correlation statistics for the research questions and hypotheses. The seven hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level
of significance. The results revealed that there was a significant relationship between teachers’ supervision and
their teaching effectiveness, there was a significant relationship between teachers’ educational qualification and
their teaching effectiveness, and there was a significant relationship between teachers’ teaching experience and
their teaching effectiveness, hence supervision was seen as a vital and critical element of teaching effectiveness.
The study investigated principals’ administrative strategies as correlates of teachers’ job
performance in public secondary schools in Obollo-Afor Education Zone of Enugu State. Four
research questions and four null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a
correlational survey design. The population of the study was 1,854 principals and teachers in
48 secondary schools in the Zone. A sample of 605 teachers was drawn using proportionate
stratified random sampling technique. Questionnaire was used as the instrument for data
collection and was subjected to face-validation by three experts. The internal consistency of
the instrument was obtained using Cronbach Alpha, which yielded an index of 0.72. Data
collected were analyzed using regression analysis while regression ANOVA was used in testing
the formulated hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the study revealed that,
open communication, carrying teachers’ along and providing for teachers’ welfare among
others are principals’ administrative strategies for enhancing teachers’ job performance in
secondary schools. The result also, revealed a high positive significant relationship existing
between principals’ administrative strategies in decision making, delegation of duties, open
communication and management of staff welfare and teachers’ job performance in secondary
schools. The study recommended among others that principals in public secondary schools
should adopt positive administrative strategies as identified in this study to promote
teachers’ job performance.
Principals’ Administrative Strategies as Correlates of Teachers’ Job Perform...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
Principals’ Administrative Strategies as Correlates of Teachers’ Job Performance in Public Secondary Shools in Obollo-Afor Education Zone of Enugu State, Nigeria
Eze, Chidinma Esther1,2; Eze, Val Hyginus Udoka1; Ifeyinwa Ogoegbunam Ezenwaji2; Nwabueze, Akachukwu I2
1Department of Publication and Extension, Kampala International University, Uganda
2Department of Educational Foundation, University of Nigeria, Nsukka
________________________________________
ABSTRACT
The study investigated principals’ administrative strategies as correlates of teachers’ job performance in public secondary schools in Obollo-Afor Education Zone of Enugu State. Four research questions and four null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a correlational survey design. The population of the study was 1,854 principals and teachers in 48 secondary schools in the Zone. A sample of 605 teachers was drawn using proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection and was subjected to face-validation by three experts. The internal consistency of the instrument was obtained using Cronbach Alpha, which yielded an index of 0.72. Data collected were analyzed using regression analysis while regression ANOVA was used in testing the formulated hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the study revealed that, open communication, carrying teachers’ along and providing for teachers’ welfare among others are principals’ administrative strategies for enhancing teachers’ job performance in secondary schools. The result also, revealed a high positive significant relationship existing between principals’ administrative strategies in decision making, delegation of duties, open communication and management of staff welfare and teachers’ job performance in secondary schools. The study recommended among others that principals in public secondary schools should adopt positive administrative strategies as identified in this study to promote teachers’ job performance.
Keywords: Administrative Strategies, Teachers’ Job Performance, Decision Making, Open Communication, Teachers Welfare
This article examines the characteristics of school effectiveness and how the school effectiveness policy works in the context of education decentralization. The research approach is qualitative exploratory and was conducted in 2016 in 10 out of 35 districts/cities in Central Java Province. The results showed that there are eight characteristics of effective schools: effective school leadership, efficient learning processes, active community participation, a conducive school environment, increased professionalism of educators, heightened expectations of students, the commitment of teachers, which together lead to good student achievement. Local government policy has not been mentioned explicitly to build an effective school. The government system should contribute to creating effective schools through human resource development, community participation, provision of facilities and infrastructure, professional development of educators, guiding students’ and teachers' achievement, monitoring student progress, education financing to some degree, and the commitment of local governments to give appreciation to education actors.
Selected Head Teachers Leadership Styles and Their Influence on Pupils Academ...paperpublications3
Abstract: The Kenya Government has invested resources on Free Primary Education in order to improve on the pupil’s academic performance. Despite the high investment in training school heads, the performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary Education (KCPE) in many schools is still low especially in Tindiret Sub-County. This may be attributed to several influences of headteachers leadership styles among other factors. Poor academic performance in some schools has resulted to public outcry, protests by parents. This study investigated the extent to which selected headteachers’ leadership styles influences pupils’ academic performance. The study adopted descriptive research design. The target population comprised of 76 headteachers and 532 teachers in Tindiret Sub-County. Two-self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain data on headteachers’ and teachers’ perceptions on school leadership styles in relation to academic performance. Document analysis of KCPE results gathered information about the school KCPE performance from 2011 to 2014. The results of the study’s findings were that, the autocratic and laissez faire leadership styles had significant negative relationship with school performance in schools. Democratic and transformational leadership styles had significant positive relationship (p<0.05) with academic performance of schools. The study recommends that school head teachers to involve other stakeholders in decision making, they should involve teachers and pupils in setting school targets, they should hold regular meetings and champion the application of transformational leadership ideals.
Peter Kiio Manundu1
, Dr. Janet Mulwa2
, Dr. Rose Mwanza
Abstract: This study sought to investigate the influence of delegation of duties as a principal’s motivational practice
on teacher retention in public secondary schools in Kamukunji sub county, Nairobi County, Kenya. The study
objective sought to determine the influence of delegation of duties on teacher retention in public secondary schools
in Kamukunji Sub-County. Descriptive survey research design was used in the study. The target population
consisted of all the 8 secondary schools principals and all the 235 teachers from Kamukunji Sub-county from
which a sample of 7 principals and 67 teachers was selected using census sampling and proportionate stratified
sampling techniques and simple random sampling. Questionnaires were used as data collection tools. Reliability
was tested using the test-retest technique to determine the degree to which test scores were consistent. The data
was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings from quantitative data were presented in cross tabulation
tables, pie charts and bar graphs. Qualitative data was analysed qualitatively by organizing data into themes as
per the objectives of the study and the findings were presented in a narrative form. The study found that
delegation of duties had significant influence on teacher retention in public secondary schools in Kamukunji SubCounty, Nairobi County, Kenya. The study observed that all the school principals 100% and 91.0% of the teachers
agreed that delegation of duties provides teachers the ability to learn and develop new skills. This means that
delegation of duties significantly influences teacher retention. The study concluded that delegation of duties allows
teachers to acquire and develop new skills, as well as build trust and increase communication between them. The
study recommends that the administration of the school should make an attempt to allocate responsibility roles to
teachers as early as possible and allow them to gain the requisite experience.
Keywords: Delegation of duties, Teacher retention, Motivational practice.
Management Practices of School Principals to Enhance Teacher Excellence in Co...JoanieHaramain1
This article focuses on the management practices of public secondary school principals as perceived by school managers and secondary school teachers to improve teacher excellence and students' performance for the attainment of quality education.
A study on Employee Engagement in pvt engineering collegesRuby Research Labs
E.E is a critical factor in the success N sustainability of any organisation. Higher education institutions are no different from any other business in that employee involvement is essential to its success and long-term viability. Beyond the conventional business setting, employee engagement in academia influences the institution's core missions of education and research in addition to productivity and efficiency.
Leading the Instructional Program and its effect on Academic Achievement of s...inventionjournals
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between instructional program and academic achievement of students in national examinations in public secondary schools in Tinderet sub county Kenya. The objective of this study was: to determine the impact of leading the instructional program on the students’ academic achievement in national examinations. The study was guided by the effective schools model by Lezotte (2010), which states that an effective school is characterized by seven correlates namely: leading the instructional program, focus on school mission, safety and orderliness of schools, expectations for success, home-school relations, frequent monitoring of students progress and opportunity to learn for students. The researcher employed a survey design targeting all the 18 public secondary schools in Tinderet Sub County, all the 18 principals and the 225 teachers. Stratified sampling technique was used to select 10 schools for the study from the total 18 schools in the distinct. The sampled schools were stratified according to the academic performance for the last three years (2011-2013). All the principals of the sampled 10 schools took part in the study. Simple random sampling was used to select 90 teachers (9 teachers from each school selected). The sample size was 100 respondents. Questionnaires and interview guide were used to collect data. The descriptive survey allowed the generation of both qualitative and quantitative data. Quantitative data was analyzed using the descriptive statistics including frequencies and percentages. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and Anova were used to make inferences. Qualitative data was put under themes consistent with the research objectives. The analyzed data was then presented in form of graphs, pie charts and tables for easy interpretation. Findings from the study showed that, majority of the principals indicated that they always led the instructional program. Majority of the teachers on the other hand indicated that, principals did not always engage in these leadership practices but did engage sometimes. Analysis of variance between principals' and teachers' responses on similar issues indicated that there was a significant difference in the manner teachers and principals were responding to questions. Findings on the effect of leadership practices on academic performance were consistent as the teachers and principals were in agreement that these leadership practices when applied had a positive effect on academic performance. Correlation test however revealed that the effect was weak as indicated by the correlation coefficients which were below 0.5. The study concluded that; leading the instructional program was not being implemented fully. The study recommended that; Implementation of leading the instructional program practices should be effected in schools by all principals. Various stakeholders that is teachers, students, Board of Management and princi
THE PRINCIPAL HUMAN RELATION STRATEGIES AND TEACHERS JOB PERFORMANCES OF SECO...ResearchWap
This study examined principal human relation strategies and teachers' job performance in secondary schools in Patigi Local Government
Area, Kwara State.
A sample of secondary schools was randomly selected. The questionnaire was administered to one hundred and sixty principals and Teachers for research, questions were generated and tested for the study. The result obtained showed good principal human relation strategies and Teachers' job performance by involving them in Motivation, Communication, Safety and collaboration for smoothly running of the school.
Therefore, the principal and Teachers should continue having a good relationship to bring about improvement of the teacher and output of the school (student). The principal can also influence the teacher’s activities towards improving teacher skills, organizing workshops, in-service training and seminars.
This study looked into effective integration of management information system (MIS) in secondary
schools in Awka Education Zone in Anambra State. The study was guided by three research questions and two
hypotheses tested at the 0.05 level of significance based on a descriptive survey research approach. The sampling
technique adopted was purposive type in order to focus on a determined specialized number of respondents. The
study’s sample size was 130 secondary school teachers. A researcher-created questionnaire was used to gather the
data. The tool was rigorously evaluated by two experts. When the instrument’s internal consistency was examined
using Cronbach’s alpha, a reliability value of 0.88 was found. A t-test was used to assess the hypotheses after
arithmetic mean and standard deviation scores were used to analyze the data. The findings demonstrated that
the MIS assists the school in managing tests, enrolments, and fees by providing different people with password
protection. The findings further revealed that MIS opportunities and needs should be identified and prioritized
according to educational objectives rather than technical criteria. In addition, there is no significant difference in the
male and female teachers’ knowledge about MIS in secondary schools. The implications of the study were drawn
and recommendations proffered.
Management Role Performance Appraisal of State Elementary School Heads in Nor...ijtsrd
Management role performance appraisal is very essential to gauge the success and whereabouts of any organization. Using descriptive evaluative correlational method this study sought to determine the management role performance of state elementary school heads in the province of Northern Samar, Philippines. A total of 100 school heads and 300 teachers were selected as participants for this study. This study bank on Minstzberg’s management role conceptual categories, to wit interpersonal managing through people informational managing be information and decisional managing through action . Data revealed that the appraisals made by the school heads themselves and their teacher constituents are both outstanding. It can be noted however, that the appraisal rating performed by the teacher constituents is way higher than the self administered appraisals of the school heads. Leah A. De Asis | Brenfred N. Romero "Management Role Performance Appraisal of State Elementary School Heads in Northern Samar, Philippines" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38468.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/38468/management-role-performance-appraisal-of-state-elementary-school-heads-in-northern-samar-philippines/leah-a-de-asis
The curriculum management strategies of highly experienced and less experienced secondary school
principals were compared in this study. The study was guided by a single research topic, and a null hypothesis was tested at the 0.05 level of significance. The study was conducted using a descriptive survey research approach. The participants in this study were 106 secondary school principals and vice principals from 44 public secondary schools in the Nnewi Education Zone. Because the research population was manageable, no sampling was done. As a result, the study’s population size was made up of 106 secondary school principals and vice principals. Data was collected using a questionnaire produced by a researcher called the Curriculum Management Practice Scale. Two professionals independently verified the tool. Cronbach alpha was employed to examine the instrument’s internal
consistency, and reliability values of 0.75 were obtained. The researcher and five research assistants used direct administration to collect data for the study. There was a 100% return rate. The study question was answered using arithmetic mean and standard deviation scores, and the null hypothesis was tested using a t-test at the 0.05 level of significance. The study’s findings indicated that there is no discernible difference in the curriculum management techniques of highly experienced and less experienced secondary school principals. Most school heads do a review of all course curricula and hold meetings to establish what type of extra-curricular activities are required. The study’s implications and findings were drawn.
Predictors of Success: Linking Student Achievement to School and Educator Successes through Professional Learning
This study show how some schools have seen a dramatic increase in student achievement after developing a strong, online professional learning program.
Democratic Leadership and Students' Discipline in Public Secondary Schools in...ijtsrd
The Principal of a school plays a very important role in shaping and maintaining the students' discipline in the school. He she determines the behavioral pattern of the school community. The Principal influences the teachers, members of the support staff, parents and students. The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the democratic leadership style on students' discipline in public secondary schools in Teso North Sub County, Kenya. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The target population consisted of 31 deputy principals administration and 216 teachers from the 31 public secondary schools in Teso North Sub County, Kenya. Stratified random sampling technique was used for the schools. Purposive sampling technique was employed for the deputy principals administration while simple random sampling was used to select the teachers. The total sample size was 139 respondents comprising 16 deputy principals administration and 123 teachers. The data was collected using interview schedules for Deputy Principals administration and questionnaires for the class teachers. The study showed that schools in which the Principals practiced democratic leadership style registered a high level of discipline. The study concluded that principals' use of democratic leadership styles has the effect of significantly minimizing chances of students' misbehaviour. Domitila Atitwa | Jane Barasa | Sarah Likoko "Democratic Leadership and Students' Discipline in Public Secondary Schools in Teso North Sub-County, Kenya" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-4, August 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59773.pdf Paper Url:https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/59773/democratic-leadership-and-students'-discipline-in-public-secondary-schools-in-teso-north-subcounty-kenya/domitila-atitwa
An effective teaching contributes to the students’ performance and this
depends on qualified-trained teachers, school administration, parents and
conducive environment for teaching and learning. It is proven that students
are more successful in their academic achievements, in the societies where
teachers perceive their profession as their job. This paper explores the impact
of the society’s perception on teachers’ professionalism. The method
employed in this paper is qualitative by using interview technique and used
audio-recorded to ensure a complete transcript. The result indicated that in
some developing countries including Cameroon, Kenya and Fiji has various
reasons for their job. Teaching profession was affected by how the society
considers teachers whereby they are perceived as disadvantaged population
who cannot fully take part in the social and economic activities due to the
fact that their salary is very low compared other public servants. This low
salary and loss of respect of teachers by the society lead to the job
dissatisfaction and made the teaching profession as a transitional job before
waiting to move to another different professional field.
Teachers Teaching Efficacy as a Predictor of Teachers Effectiveness in Nigeri...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This study examined the role of teaching efficacy as a predictor of teaching effectiveness in Nigeria
through a comprehensive literature review. The focus is on the Nigerian educational system, aiming to shed light
on the multifaceted influence of teaching efficacy on teacher motivation, instructional practices, student
achievement, professional development, and school culture. The goal is to inform educational stakeholders and
policymakers to enhance educational standards and student outcomes in Nigeria. The review underscores the
dimensions of teacher effectiveness, highlighting aspects such as content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge,
classroom management, differentiated instruction, assessment and feedback, relationship building, and continuous
professional development. Several studies in the Nigerian educational context consistently demonstrate a positive
correlation between teachers' self-efficacy and their effectiveness. Teachers with higher self-efficacy exhibit
improved teaching techniques, heightened student motivation and achievement, and greater job satisfaction.
Recommendations based on the literature review include advocating for comprehensive professional development
programs, promoting mentorship and collaboration among educators, fostering supportive school leadership,
integrating research-informed policies into educational practices, and encouraging further research to deepen the
understanding of teaching efficacy and effectiveness within the Nigerian context. The study underscores the
importance of addressing teaching efficacy in educational policies and practices to elevate teaching standards and
improve student outcomes in Nigeria.
KEYWORDS: Teaching efficacy, Teacher effectiveness, Teacher professional development, Nigerian educational
system
Effect of Cultural Values on Character Formation: Implication for Education ...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
The influence of cultural norms and home values on an individual's personality and life adjustment can manifest in various ways. An individual's personality is shaped by a complex interplay of biological and experiential factors, with the latter being significantly influenced by cultural elements. One prominent avenue through which cultural values impact personality is in the cultural conditioning of child-rearing practices. When a child is born, it not only relies on the care and support of family members but also lacks the necessary behavioral knowledge required to function within a human society. It depends on innate biological instincts like hunger and the care provided by elders to fulfill these basic needs. To survive and thrive, a human infant must acquire the skills, knowledge, and societal norms specific to the culture into which it is born. Thus, cultural values are deliberately instilled in the members of a society. For a society to function effectively, these shared cultural values must be passed down through generations, primarily through child-rearing practices within homes. Nigeria, characterized by its diverse cultural backgrounds, value systems, and numerous ethnic groups, has distinct child-rearing practices that transmit these values and norms to successive generations. This paper examines the role of culture in shaping an individual's character and emphasizes that education, when coupled with values, is crucial. Education serves as a potent tool for fostering desirable character traits, and it must be refocused to continue producing individuals with strong moral values and responsible character.
Keywords: Character formation, Culture, Morals, Value, Impact
Accounts Payable Administration and Profitability of Quoted Manufacturing Com...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
This study was carried out to examine accounts payable administration and profitability of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria with reference to consumer goods sector. This was motivated by the desire to learn how proper administration of accounts payable enhances profitability in the wake of the widespread corporate failures in Nigeria and the rest of the world. Accounts payable ratio and short-term debt ratio were represented by accounts payable administration while return on assets was used as proxy for profitability. The study used purposive sampling technique to extract data from the annual reports of manufacturing companies quoted on the Nigerian Exchange Group Plc as of December 31st, 2022. Secondary data were gathered for the study. The study covered ten years’ time frame from 2013 to 2022. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to examine the data specifically through regression analysis. The outcome of the data analysis showed that accounts payable ratio has a negligible negative influence on return on assets; short-term debt ratio significantly influences the return on assets; the combined variables (accounts payable ratio and short-term debt ratio) significantly influence the profitability of manufacturing companies in Nigeria. This implies that, accounts payable ratio and short-term debt ratio influences the profit generated by manufacturing companies in Nigeria considering it aggregate effect. It was advised that, sound and pragmatic approach should be maintained in the administration of accounts payable in manufacturing companies in order to positively influence the profitability of manufacturing companies in the country. Administration of accounts payable should be carried out by financial expert in order to ensure that financial obligation is met to vendors of goods and services when it is due. In order to ensure minimal supply interruption and increase liquidity capacity, institutions should negotiate better terms of credit with their suppliers and extend the accounts payment period.
Keywords: Accounts Payable Administration, Profitability and Quoted Manufacturing Companies.
________________________________________
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Selected Head Teachers Leadership Styles and Their Influence on Pupils Academ...paperpublications3
Abstract: The Kenya Government has invested resources on Free Primary Education in order to improve on the pupil’s academic performance. Despite the high investment in training school heads, the performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary Education (KCPE) in many schools is still low especially in Tindiret Sub-County. This may be attributed to several influences of headteachers leadership styles among other factors. Poor academic performance in some schools has resulted to public outcry, protests by parents. This study investigated the extent to which selected headteachers’ leadership styles influences pupils’ academic performance. The study adopted descriptive research design. The target population comprised of 76 headteachers and 532 teachers in Tindiret Sub-County. Two-self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain data on headteachers’ and teachers’ perceptions on school leadership styles in relation to academic performance. Document analysis of KCPE results gathered information about the school KCPE performance from 2011 to 2014. The results of the study’s findings were that, the autocratic and laissez faire leadership styles had significant negative relationship with school performance in schools. Democratic and transformational leadership styles had significant positive relationship (p<0.05) with academic performance of schools. The study recommends that school head teachers to involve other stakeholders in decision making, they should involve teachers and pupils in setting school targets, they should hold regular meetings and champion the application of transformational leadership ideals.
Peter Kiio Manundu1
, Dr. Janet Mulwa2
, Dr. Rose Mwanza
Abstract: This study sought to investigate the influence of delegation of duties as a principal’s motivational practice
on teacher retention in public secondary schools in Kamukunji sub county, Nairobi County, Kenya. The study
objective sought to determine the influence of delegation of duties on teacher retention in public secondary schools
in Kamukunji Sub-County. Descriptive survey research design was used in the study. The target population
consisted of all the 8 secondary schools principals and all the 235 teachers from Kamukunji Sub-county from
which a sample of 7 principals and 67 teachers was selected using census sampling and proportionate stratified
sampling techniques and simple random sampling. Questionnaires were used as data collection tools. Reliability
was tested using the test-retest technique to determine the degree to which test scores were consistent. The data
was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings from quantitative data were presented in cross tabulation
tables, pie charts and bar graphs. Qualitative data was analysed qualitatively by organizing data into themes as
per the objectives of the study and the findings were presented in a narrative form. The study found that
delegation of duties had significant influence on teacher retention in public secondary schools in Kamukunji SubCounty, Nairobi County, Kenya. The study observed that all the school principals 100% and 91.0% of the teachers
agreed that delegation of duties provides teachers the ability to learn and develop new skills. This means that
delegation of duties significantly influences teacher retention. The study concluded that delegation of duties allows
teachers to acquire and develop new skills, as well as build trust and increase communication between them. The
study recommends that the administration of the school should make an attempt to allocate responsibility roles to
teachers as early as possible and allow them to gain the requisite experience.
Keywords: Delegation of duties, Teacher retention, Motivational practice.
Management Practices of School Principals to Enhance Teacher Excellence in Co...JoanieHaramain1
This article focuses on the management practices of public secondary school principals as perceived by school managers and secondary school teachers to improve teacher excellence and students' performance for the attainment of quality education.
A study on Employee Engagement in pvt engineering collegesRuby Research Labs
E.E is a critical factor in the success N sustainability of any organisation. Higher education institutions are no different from any other business in that employee involvement is essential to its success and long-term viability. Beyond the conventional business setting, employee engagement in academia influences the institution's core missions of education and research in addition to productivity and efficiency.
Leading the Instructional Program and its effect on Academic Achievement of s...inventionjournals
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between instructional program and academic achievement of students in national examinations in public secondary schools in Tinderet sub county Kenya. The objective of this study was: to determine the impact of leading the instructional program on the students’ academic achievement in national examinations. The study was guided by the effective schools model by Lezotte (2010), which states that an effective school is characterized by seven correlates namely: leading the instructional program, focus on school mission, safety and orderliness of schools, expectations for success, home-school relations, frequent monitoring of students progress and opportunity to learn for students. The researcher employed a survey design targeting all the 18 public secondary schools in Tinderet Sub County, all the 18 principals and the 225 teachers. Stratified sampling technique was used to select 10 schools for the study from the total 18 schools in the distinct. The sampled schools were stratified according to the academic performance for the last three years (2011-2013). All the principals of the sampled 10 schools took part in the study. Simple random sampling was used to select 90 teachers (9 teachers from each school selected). The sample size was 100 respondents. Questionnaires and interview guide were used to collect data. The descriptive survey allowed the generation of both qualitative and quantitative data. Quantitative data was analyzed using the descriptive statistics including frequencies and percentages. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and Anova were used to make inferences. Qualitative data was put under themes consistent with the research objectives. The analyzed data was then presented in form of graphs, pie charts and tables for easy interpretation. Findings from the study showed that, majority of the principals indicated that they always led the instructional program. Majority of the teachers on the other hand indicated that, principals did not always engage in these leadership practices but did engage sometimes. Analysis of variance between principals' and teachers' responses on similar issues indicated that there was a significant difference in the manner teachers and principals were responding to questions. Findings on the effect of leadership practices on academic performance were consistent as the teachers and principals were in agreement that these leadership practices when applied had a positive effect on academic performance. Correlation test however revealed that the effect was weak as indicated by the correlation coefficients which were below 0.5. The study concluded that; leading the instructional program was not being implemented fully. The study recommended that; Implementation of leading the instructional program practices should be effected in schools by all principals. Various stakeholders that is teachers, students, Board of Management and princi
THE PRINCIPAL HUMAN RELATION STRATEGIES AND TEACHERS JOB PERFORMANCES OF SECO...ResearchWap
This study examined principal human relation strategies and teachers' job performance in secondary schools in Patigi Local Government
Area, Kwara State.
A sample of secondary schools was randomly selected. The questionnaire was administered to one hundred and sixty principals and Teachers for research, questions were generated and tested for the study. The result obtained showed good principal human relation strategies and Teachers' job performance by involving them in Motivation, Communication, Safety and collaboration for smoothly running of the school.
Therefore, the principal and Teachers should continue having a good relationship to bring about improvement of the teacher and output of the school (student). The principal can also influence the teacher’s activities towards improving teacher skills, organizing workshops, in-service training and seminars.
This study looked into effective integration of management information system (MIS) in secondary
schools in Awka Education Zone in Anambra State. The study was guided by three research questions and two
hypotheses tested at the 0.05 level of significance based on a descriptive survey research approach. The sampling
technique adopted was purposive type in order to focus on a determined specialized number of respondents. The
study’s sample size was 130 secondary school teachers. A researcher-created questionnaire was used to gather the
data. The tool was rigorously evaluated by two experts. When the instrument’s internal consistency was examined
using Cronbach’s alpha, a reliability value of 0.88 was found. A t-test was used to assess the hypotheses after
arithmetic mean and standard deviation scores were used to analyze the data. The findings demonstrated that
the MIS assists the school in managing tests, enrolments, and fees by providing different people with password
protection. The findings further revealed that MIS opportunities and needs should be identified and prioritized
according to educational objectives rather than technical criteria. In addition, there is no significant difference in the
male and female teachers’ knowledge about MIS in secondary schools. The implications of the study were drawn
and recommendations proffered.
Management Role Performance Appraisal of State Elementary School Heads in Nor...ijtsrd
Management role performance appraisal is very essential to gauge the success and whereabouts of any organization. Using descriptive evaluative correlational method this study sought to determine the management role performance of state elementary school heads in the province of Northern Samar, Philippines. A total of 100 school heads and 300 teachers were selected as participants for this study. This study bank on Minstzberg’s management role conceptual categories, to wit interpersonal managing through people informational managing be information and decisional managing through action . Data revealed that the appraisals made by the school heads themselves and their teacher constituents are both outstanding. It can be noted however, that the appraisal rating performed by the teacher constituents is way higher than the self administered appraisals of the school heads. Leah A. De Asis | Brenfred N. Romero "Management Role Performance Appraisal of State Elementary School Heads in Northern Samar, Philippines" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38468.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/38468/management-role-performance-appraisal-of-state-elementary-school-heads-in-northern-samar-philippines/leah-a-de-asis
The curriculum management strategies of highly experienced and less experienced secondary school
principals were compared in this study. The study was guided by a single research topic, and a null hypothesis was tested at the 0.05 level of significance. The study was conducted using a descriptive survey research approach. The participants in this study were 106 secondary school principals and vice principals from 44 public secondary schools in the Nnewi Education Zone. Because the research population was manageable, no sampling was done. As a result, the study’s population size was made up of 106 secondary school principals and vice principals. Data was collected using a questionnaire produced by a researcher called the Curriculum Management Practice Scale. Two professionals independently verified the tool. Cronbach alpha was employed to examine the instrument’s internal
consistency, and reliability values of 0.75 were obtained. The researcher and five research assistants used direct administration to collect data for the study. There was a 100% return rate. The study question was answered using arithmetic mean and standard deviation scores, and the null hypothesis was tested using a t-test at the 0.05 level of significance. The study’s findings indicated that there is no discernible difference in the curriculum management techniques of highly experienced and less experienced secondary school principals. Most school heads do a review of all course curricula and hold meetings to establish what type of extra-curricular activities are required. The study’s implications and findings were drawn.
Predictors of Success: Linking Student Achievement to School and Educator Successes through Professional Learning
This study show how some schools have seen a dramatic increase in student achievement after developing a strong, online professional learning program.
Democratic Leadership and Students' Discipline in Public Secondary Schools in...ijtsrd
The Principal of a school plays a very important role in shaping and maintaining the students' discipline in the school. He she determines the behavioral pattern of the school community. The Principal influences the teachers, members of the support staff, parents and students. The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the democratic leadership style on students' discipline in public secondary schools in Teso North Sub County, Kenya. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The target population consisted of 31 deputy principals administration and 216 teachers from the 31 public secondary schools in Teso North Sub County, Kenya. Stratified random sampling technique was used for the schools. Purposive sampling technique was employed for the deputy principals administration while simple random sampling was used to select the teachers. The total sample size was 139 respondents comprising 16 deputy principals administration and 123 teachers. The data was collected using interview schedules for Deputy Principals administration and questionnaires for the class teachers. The study showed that schools in which the Principals practiced democratic leadership style registered a high level of discipline. The study concluded that principals' use of democratic leadership styles has the effect of significantly minimizing chances of students' misbehaviour. Domitila Atitwa | Jane Barasa | Sarah Likoko "Democratic Leadership and Students' Discipline in Public Secondary Schools in Teso North Sub-County, Kenya" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-4, August 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59773.pdf Paper Url:https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/59773/democratic-leadership-and-students'-discipline-in-public-secondary-schools-in-teso-north-subcounty-kenya/domitila-atitwa
An effective teaching contributes to the students’ performance and this
depends on qualified-trained teachers, school administration, parents and
conducive environment for teaching and learning. It is proven that students
are more successful in their academic achievements, in the societies where
teachers perceive their profession as their job. This paper explores the impact
of the society’s perception on teachers’ professionalism. The method
employed in this paper is qualitative by using interview technique and used
audio-recorded to ensure a complete transcript. The result indicated that in
some developing countries including Cameroon, Kenya and Fiji has various
reasons for their job. Teaching profession was affected by how the society
considers teachers whereby they are perceived as disadvantaged population
who cannot fully take part in the social and economic activities due to the
fact that their salary is very low compared other public servants. This low
salary and loss of respect of teachers by the society lead to the job
dissatisfaction and made the teaching profession as a transitional job before
waiting to move to another different professional field.
Teachers Teaching Efficacy as a Predictor of Teachers Effectiveness in Nigeri...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This study examined the role of teaching efficacy as a predictor of teaching effectiveness in Nigeria
through a comprehensive literature review. The focus is on the Nigerian educational system, aiming to shed light
on the multifaceted influence of teaching efficacy on teacher motivation, instructional practices, student
achievement, professional development, and school culture. The goal is to inform educational stakeholders and
policymakers to enhance educational standards and student outcomes in Nigeria. The review underscores the
dimensions of teacher effectiveness, highlighting aspects such as content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge,
classroom management, differentiated instruction, assessment and feedback, relationship building, and continuous
professional development. Several studies in the Nigerian educational context consistently demonstrate a positive
correlation between teachers' self-efficacy and their effectiveness. Teachers with higher self-efficacy exhibit
improved teaching techniques, heightened student motivation and achievement, and greater job satisfaction.
Recommendations based on the literature review include advocating for comprehensive professional development
programs, promoting mentorship and collaboration among educators, fostering supportive school leadership,
integrating research-informed policies into educational practices, and encouraging further research to deepen the
understanding of teaching efficacy and effectiveness within the Nigerian context. The study underscores the
importance of addressing teaching efficacy in educational policies and practices to elevate teaching standards and
improve student outcomes in Nigeria.
KEYWORDS: Teaching efficacy, Teacher effectiveness, Teacher professional development, Nigerian educational
system
Effect of Cultural Values on Character Formation: Implication for Education ...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
The influence of cultural norms and home values on an individual's personality and life adjustment can manifest in various ways. An individual's personality is shaped by a complex interplay of biological and experiential factors, with the latter being significantly influenced by cultural elements. One prominent avenue through which cultural values impact personality is in the cultural conditioning of child-rearing practices. When a child is born, it not only relies on the care and support of family members but also lacks the necessary behavioral knowledge required to function within a human society. It depends on innate biological instincts like hunger and the care provided by elders to fulfill these basic needs. To survive and thrive, a human infant must acquire the skills, knowledge, and societal norms specific to the culture into which it is born. Thus, cultural values are deliberately instilled in the members of a society. For a society to function effectively, these shared cultural values must be passed down through generations, primarily through child-rearing practices within homes. Nigeria, characterized by its diverse cultural backgrounds, value systems, and numerous ethnic groups, has distinct child-rearing practices that transmit these values and norms to successive generations. This paper examines the role of culture in shaping an individual's character and emphasizes that education, when coupled with values, is crucial. Education serves as a potent tool for fostering desirable character traits, and it must be refocused to continue producing individuals with strong moral values and responsible character.
Keywords: Character formation, Culture, Morals, Value, Impact
Accounts Payable Administration and Profitability of Quoted Manufacturing Com...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
This study was carried out to examine accounts payable administration and profitability of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria with reference to consumer goods sector. This was motivated by the desire to learn how proper administration of accounts payable enhances profitability in the wake of the widespread corporate failures in Nigeria and the rest of the world. Accounts payable ratio and short-term debt ratio were represented by accounts payable administration while return on assets was used as proxy for profitability. The study used purposive sampling technique to extract data from the annual reports of manufacturing companies quoted on the Nigerian Exchange Group Plc as of December 31st, 2022. Secondary data were gathered for the study. The study covered ten years’ time frame from 2013 to 2022. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to examine the data specifically through regression analysis. The outcome of the data analysis showed that accounts payable ratio has a negligible negative influence on return on assets; short-term debt ratio significantly influences the return on assets; the combined variables (accounts payable ratio and short-term debt ratio) significantly influence the profitability of manufacturing companies in Nigeria. This implies that, accounts payable ratio and short-term debt ratio influences the profit generated by manufacturing companies in Nigeria considering it aggregate effect. It was advised that, sound and pragmatic approach should be maintained in the administration of accounts payable in manufacturing companies in order to positively influence the profitability of manufacturing companies in the country. Administration of accounts payable should be carried out by financial expert in order to ensure that financial obligation is met to vendors of goods and services when it is due. In order to ensure minimal supply interruption and increase liquidity capacity, institutions should negotiate better terms of credit with their suppliers and extend the accounts payment period.
Keywords: Accounts Payable Administration, Profitability and Quoted Manufacturing Companies.
________________________________________
Factors Associated with Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine Uptake amongst Girls Ag...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a sexually transmitted infection. HPV vaccine since its first licensure in 2006 has proven to be safe, highly immunogenic, and induces strong direct and indirect protection against HPV and its sequelae. The study was designed to determine the socio-demographic, health care, and parental factors associated with human papillomavirus vaccine uptake amongst girls aged 9-14 years. The study was a cross-sectional study employing a simple random sampling method and a total of 364 girls were interviewed following the set criteria using questionnaire data. Data were cleaned, coded, and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Findings were presented as frequencies, percentages, odd ratios, and p-values using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. From the study, statistically significant sociodemographic factors such as age (p=0.0000), schooling status (p=0.0000), level of education (p=0.007442), attitudes towards the HPV vaccine (p=0.005175), Receiving vaccine doses from different vaccination sites (p=0.0000), and Ethnicity (p=0.0000), healthcare factors such as outreaches in communities (p=0.0000), information received (p=0.0000), encouragement from health workers (p=0.0000), availability of vaccines (p=0.0000) and parental factors such as knowledge about HPV vaccine(p=0.001), parental hesitancy (p<0.001), level of education (p=0.0000), social economic status (p=0.001), attitudes towards HPV vaccine, (p=0.0000) and HPV vaccine awareness (p=0.0000) were found statistically associated with HPV vaccine uptake amongst girls aged 9-14 years. From the study findings, the study variables such as sociodemographic, and health-related factors were found to be statistically associated with HPV vaccine uptake amongst girls aged 9-14 years. Therefore, effort should be brought to all levels of intervention so that HPV uptake is taken into consideration if the need for good health among girls needs to be achieved.
Keywords: Human papillomavirus virus, sexually transmitted infection, Health care, HPV vaccine, Cancer.
Barriers to Women Leadership
1Ugwu Jovita Nnenna, 2Tom Mulegi, 3Asiati Mbabazi, and 4Eze Chidinma Esther
1Department of Publication and Extension Kampala International University, Uganda.
2Department of Public Administration and Management Faculty of Business and Management Kampala International University Uganda.
3Faculty of Education Kampala International University Uganda.
4Department of Educational Foundation, Kampala International University, Uganda.
________________________________________
ABSTRACT
Women have made significant strides over the past half a century in terms of advancements into the workforce. However, it is well-documented that women occupy top executive positions in politics and industry much less frequently than men. Bias and discrimination against professional females could take place when members of a society hold certain stereotypes that are in contrast with the actual characteristics of these women. These stereotypes can prevent females from achieving their goals as a result of the expected social roles they have to uphold. This paper critically examined social role theory and gender stereotypes to explain a deeper motive as to why women to some extent are being underrepresented in leadership positions. Moreover, these literature review provided a comprehensive overview of gender discrimination barriers to leadership.
Keywords: Women, Leadership, Society, Discrimination and Barriers.
Prospects and Challenges of Sustainable Development in AfricaPUBLISHERJOURNAL
Prospects and Challenges of Sustainable Development in Africa
1Ugwu Jovita Nnenna, 2Tom Mulegi, 3Asiati Mbabazi, and 4Eze Chidinma Esther
1Department of Publication and Extension Kampala International University, Uganda.
2Department of Public Administration and Management Faculty of Business and Management Kampala International University Uganda.
3Faculty of Education Kampala International University Uganda.
4Department of Educational Foundation, Kampala International University, Uganda.
________________________________________
ABSTRACT
Despite attempts by African governments to achieve Sustainable Development, there is a growing perception that Africa may fail in achieving the goals. This perception is fueled partly by the evidence that while the world is undergoing rapid change, which is driven prominently by technology and globalization, Africa remains unprotected and at risk of being exploited without due recognition of, and remuneration for, its resources. Additionally, there is the continued escalating trend in poverty and the diminishing strength of the environment to meet current and future needs of African countries. Given the fact that sustainable development appears to be contradicting in between the opposing imperatives of growth and development on one hand, and ecological sustainability on the other, the trend in sustainable development on the African continent has generated some skepticism about whether the goals are achievable in Africa. The lack of a logical literature that documents the challenges and prospects of Sustainable development in Africa underpins the uncertainty of achieving the goals in Africa. Hence, this paper assessed the challenges of sustainable development in Africa, and the way forward.
Keywords: SDG, Africa, Agriculture, Poverty, Economy, Development
________________________________________
Design and Implementation of an Improved Automatic DC Motor Speed
Control Systems Using Microcontroller
1Enerst Edozie,
2Eze Val Hyginus Udoka,
1Wantimba Janat
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Kampala international University, Uganda
2Department of Publication and Extension, Kampala International University, Uganda
ABSTRACT
Energy wastage is one of the major challenges that is facing the world now as there is
insufficient supply of energy and the little ones supplied was not appropriately used. This
energy wastage has made many researchers to engage more on the research to stop this
energy waste as a result of inappropriate allocation of energy to some devices even when
they don’t need it. This research work was able to design and implement an improved
automated DC Motor speed controller system using microcontroller successfully. The
software used for this research work were Fritzing software and Arduino Nano. This project
was able to improve on the working system of the DC Motors and energy was automatically
and successfully saved. The system runs entirely on Bluetooth technology which consumes
less power than other devices. The Android application is user-friendly with enhanced
Wireless communication. This design was successfully developed and implemented with 80%
accuracy. The design was able to work effectively by increasing the cutting speed when the
softness of the material decreases and as the cutting tool material becomes stronger, the
cutting speed increases. This showed that the design is effectively and efficiently developed
with less energy/power consumption which is the earnest desire of an Engineer as it reduces
cost.
Keywords: Microcontroller, Improved Automatic DC Motor, Energy, Arduino, PWM
Evaluation of the factors that contribute to high prevalence of malaria in HI...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
Evaluation of the factors that contribute to high prevalence of malaria in HIV Patients in Bushenyi District, Uganda
Kakuru James
Faculty of Nursing Sciences Kampala International University, Uganda.
________________________________________
ABSTRACT
Malaria remains the single main cause of ill health and death among HIV/AIDS patients in resource-poor countries worldwide. Malaria still remains a challenging infection affecting the lives of several HIV-infected persons in Uganda. Statistics from the Ministry of Health show that malaria is still the leading cause of death in Uganda, accounting for over 27% of deaths. Malaria prevalence in HIV-positive patients in Kyamuhunga Health Centre III is thought to be at 7.8% of the HIV-positive patients attending the clinic on a daily basis. This study therefore aimed at assessing the factors contributing to the high prevalence of malaria among HIV-positive patients attending the HIV Clinic at Kyamuhunga Health Centre III in Bushenyi District. The study covered a sample of eighty (80) respondents to gather primary data. A simple random sampling method was used to gather responses from patients. Questionnaires and an interview guide were used as data collection tools. Results indicated that the majority of the participants were female patients and malaria was dominant among HIV-positive patients aged 38-47 years. It was noted that the odds of having malaria also increased among patients with lower levels of education. It was also noted that more odds of having malaria were found among the majority of patients who were farmers and unemployed participants. Malaria infection was acquired with repeated exposure to malaria parasites especially for patients who did not use insecticide treated mosquito nets. It is noted that HIV-positive patients with malaria greatly acquired unbalanced immunity with relatively low CD4+ cell count and unbalanced hemoglobin levels, greatly affected by body pain and weakness, fever, headache, and variety issues of vomiting. Paracetamol, use of treated mosquito nets, clinical examination, and patient follow-up was shown to provide a beneficial effect in preventing malaria infection among HIV-positive patients. In conclusion, malaria infection is acquired from repeated exposure to malaria parasites especially for patients who did not use Treated mosquito nets which increased the susceptibility to new malaria infections among HIV-positive patients. The researcher, therefore, recommends that comprehensive health education, antiretroviral therapy, and malaria preventive materials such as insecticide-treated bed nets should be provided to reduce the prevalence of malaria among HIV-positive patients.
Keywords: Malaria, HIV patients, Treated mosquito nets, Antiretroviral therapy.
Evaluation of the level of Job Safety in some selected Organizations in Kampa...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
Evaluation of the level of Job Safety in some selected Organizations in Kampala, Uganda.
1Mary Tunde Nalubega, 2Tom Mulegi and 1Eleanor Kirahora Barongo
1Department of Development Peace and Conflict studies, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kampala International University.
2Department of Public Administration, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kampala International University.
________________________________________
ABSTRACT
This research evaluated the level of job safety in some selected organizations in Kampala, Uganda. The study objective was achieved through descriptive, Cross sectional and correlative survey designs. A study population of 484 was used, from which a sample population of 219 respondents was derived using Slovene’s Formula. Data was collected primarily using Self-Administered Questionnaires (SAQs) and structured Interviews. Findings revealed that the level of job safety in selected Public and Private Organizations in Kampala, Uganda was high with (mean = 2.97); implying that private and public organizations in Uganda have high levels of job safety in terms of electronic and fire safety, sanitation, tools and equipment and protection from hazardous materials. Comparatively, sanitation ranked highest among all elements of job safety, in terms of whether food is separated from hazardous materials with (mean = 3.46, std. dev =.720) interpreted as very• high. The last ranked item was about whether smoke detectors function properly with (mean = 2.44, std. dev = 1.062) interpreted as high. In conclusion, the level of job safety among Public and Private organizations in Kampala, Uganda was high. This means that private and public organizations in Uganda have high levels of job safety in terms of electronic and fire safety, sanitation, tools and equipment and protection from hazardous materials. This study recommends that different stakeholders including government and Non-governmental Organizations need to put in place mechanisms to ensure that employees are protected from work. The government should put in place laws aiming at protecting workers against health issues associated with work related Hazards.
Keywords: Job Safety, selected, public and private Organizations.
Assessment of the level of employee performances in some selected.pdfPUBLISHERJOURNAL
Assessment of the level of employee performances in some selected organizations in Kampala, Uganda.
1Tom Mulegi, 2Mary Tunde Nalubega, and 2Eleanor Kirahora Barongo
1Department of Public Administration, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kampala International University.
2Department of Development Peace and Conflict studies, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kampala International University.
________________________________________
ABSTRACT
This study assessed the level of employee performances in some selected organizations in Kampala, Uganda. The study objective was achieved through descriptive, cross sectional and correlative survey designs. A study population of 484 was earmarked, from which a sample population of 219 respondents were derived using Slovene’s Formula. Data was collected primary using self-administered questionnaires (SAQs) and structured interviews. An extensive review of literature contributed a significant amount of secondary data. Findings showed that the r-value indicated that 67.7% of employee performance is influenced by job safety, implying that the remaining 23.3% of change in employee productivity could be explained by other factors other than Job safety. The study recommended that the Different stakeholders including government and non-governmental organizations need to put in place mechanisms to ensure that employees are protected from work. The government should put in place laws aiming at protecting workers against health issues associated with work related Hazards.
Keywords: Employee, performances, and organizations
Bacterial Meningitis in Paediatrics A Review.pdfPUBLISHERJOURNAL
Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu1, Sowdo Abdirizak Mohamed2, Ugwu Okechukwu Paul-Chima3, Getrude Uzoma Obeagu4 and Chukwunalu Igbudu Umoke5
1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Kampala International University, Uganda.
2Department of Pediatrics, Kampala International University, Uganda.
3Department of Publication and Extension, Kampala International University, Uganda.
4Department of Nursing Science, Kampala International University, Uganda.
5Department of Human Anatomy, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
Email:emmanuelobeagu@yahoo.com
________________________________________
ABSTRACT
Meningitis is a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by infection or inflammation of the central nervous system. It is classified as bacterial, viral, or aseptic. Delayed or untreated bacterial meningitis is associated with high morbidity and mortality. It is important to accurately distinguish between bacterial and nonbacterial meningitis. Most physicians will perform a lumbar puncture and consider antibiotics for all infants and children with suspected meningitis. Having a clinical prediction rule to determine the need for lumbar puncture and which patients need antibiotics could reduce morbidity and the cost associated with unnecessary procedures and treatment. Several clinical prediction rules to determine the risk of bacterial meningitis have been proposed. One clinical prediction rule, derived and validated from cohorts seen in pediatric hospitals in the Netherlands, found that altered consciousness, meningeal irritation, cyanosis, petechiae, vomiting, duration of main symptom, and an elevated C-reactive protein and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate level were independent predictors of bacterial meningitis. Patients below a predefined threshold on a risk score incorporating these elements could be safely considered as not having bacterial meningitis.
Keywords: Bacteria, Meningitis, petechiae, C - reactive protein, pediatrics, ESR
Factors Affecting Solid Waste Management in Kapchorwa Town Council, Kapchorwa...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
The problem of Solid Waste Management (SWM) has become a major problem in the upper areas of developing countries. In Uganda, the menace of urban waste has further been worsened by the increasing population. This study was done to assess the level of knowledge and practices about SWM within the Kapchorwa Town Council (KTC) Kapchorwa district in eastern Uganda. To achieve the objectives, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out and waste characteristics, collection, disposal, stakeholder roles, and waste management responsibilities were analyzed. Results indicate that waste is predominantly biodegradable (66%) and generated mainly within households, with no proper collection rate disposed of, crude dumping was the major means of disposal used (72.5%). The council is under capacity to handle waste management demands and their services are poor or nonexistent which has led to the use of crude dumping which has risk health. The strategy for solid waste management is failing because the community members are not cooperative. In conclusion, waste management practices in KTC are poor and they reflect a gap in knowledge about effective waste management within KTC, community members should be regularly educated on the link between improper solid waste management and disease outbreaks and the safe SWM practices such as reuse and recycling.
Keywords: Waste management, Kapchorwa district, urban waste, disease outbreaks
Administrative Support and Teachers’ Performances in Private Secondary School...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
Self-medication particularly with analgesics and antibiotics have been reported by WHO as one of the major causes of antibiotic resistance. In country, like Uganda there is a wide range of drugs, coupled with inadequate health services have resulted to an increased number of drugs used as a self-medication compared to prescribed drugs. Assessment of knowledge and practice of self-medication is needed especially in rural settings. This was an anonymous, questionnaire-based, descriptive study. Questionnaires containing closed ended questions were administered to 288 second year undergraduate medical students. Data analysis was performed using STATA 14. Descriptive statistics were performed in terms of frequencies and percentages. Statistical significance was assessed at alpha of 0.05. The research results indicated that the mean age was (24) and the majority of the students who participated in the study were male (63%). The prevalence of self-medication in the study was found to be markedly high (83.4%). The most important reason for self-medication was that it is cheaper (91%) and the majority (92%) of the students reported that they self-medicated because of diarrhea/vomiting with antacids found to be the highly used class of drug (93%). Majority of the students got the information concerning the drugs through advertisements (98%) and (92%) of the students bought medicine from drug shops. In conclusion, most of the students feared having the side effects of the medications since they were self-prescribed without any experience.
Keywords: Knowledge, attitude, practice, self-medication, undergraduate medical students, Uganda
Occurrence and Factors Associated with HIV-Sero-Discordance in Couples at Iga...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
HIV sero-discordant refers to a situation where in a pair of long-term sexual partners, one is HIV positive and the other is HIV negative. There is an increased risk of HIV transmission to the HIV-negative partner in discordant couples which makes HIV serodiscordant a hindrance to HIV control and prevention strategies. Sero-discordance is one of the factors affecting the impact of HIV prevention strategies, therefore effective HIV prevention strategies must consider HIV discordance. Limited knowledge about the prevalence of HIV serodiscordant in the community hinders the formulation of appropriate strategies for effective control of HIV transmission. The study was aimed at determining the prevalence of HIV serodiscordant and its associated factors among couples attending Iganga General Hospital. The knowledge generated will guide the stakeholders in formulating HIV prevention and control strategies aimed at reducing HIV transmission. A cross-sectional hospital-based study was carried out through the conduction of guided interviews using a questionnaire to random-systematically selected 250 couples attending IGH. Data was analyzed and presented in tables with percentages comparing different factors. The HIV seroprevalence was 6.8%. The prevalence of discordance was 4.8% among participant couples and 52.2% among the infected couples. HIV serodiscordant was associated with sexual practice (83.3%), circumcision status of the male partner in the couple (58.3%), condom use (58.3%), use of ARVs by the HIV-infected partner (25%), and experience of STIs among partners (25%). The prevalence of HIV serodiscordant among the participant couples was 4.8%, associated mainly with sexual practice, circumcision, and condom use.
Keywords: HIV transmission, Discordant couples, Sexual partners, Condom, Serodiscordant
Antibiotic resistance and Virulence Genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates ...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous bacterium that causes various hospital- acquired and community-acquired infections. It has been reported that the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa are difficult to treat because of their virulence factors and antibiotics resistances. The aim of present study was to screen the antibiotic resistance patterns and the prevalence of virulence factor genes in a set of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from Ogbomoso, and to determine whether a correlation exists between the prevalence of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa. A total of 100 P. aeruginosa isolates were collected from various types of clinical specimens. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-bauer method. In addition, PCR assays were used for screening four virulence encoding genes (OPRL, LasB, PLCH and ToxA). The results showed that OPRL (79%) and LasB (62%) were the most frequent virulence genes in P. aeruginosa strains, followed by PLCH (41%) and ToxA (35%). The highest resistance was detected towards Piperacillin (42%) and Tetracycline (42%). Moderate rate of resistance (12-39%) were detected towards the other antibiotics. The virulent factors identified in this study provide valuable information regarding the prevalence of resistance genes of P. aeruginosa isolates in Ogbomoso, Nigeria and their potential impact on treatments that exploit the unique physiology of the pathogen. This will be useful for the health workers to improve infection control measures and to establish a surveillance system.
Keywords: antibiotic resistance, virulence genes, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Evaluation of infection control at Butiru Chrisco Hospital in Manafwa Distric...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
Infection prevention and control is important for the improvement of quality care in hospital. This study aimed to identify risk associated with infection control, and to determine which infection control measures are available at Butiru Chrisco hospital and how these measures are put to use by the staff working in the hospital. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Butiru Chrisco hospital in Manafwa District. The study involved 100 respondents who were staff employed by Butiru Chrisco hospital. With different educational standards, awareness of infection control was assessed through a structured questionnaire that was administered to those who consented to participate. Random sampling was done on 10 staff, this helped correct the questionnaire making it suitable for the study but the results were not included in this study. The study revealed that out of 100 respondents, 72(72%) were nurses, 60(60%) were females and 78(78%) had been employed by the hospital for less than four years. Half 50(50%) revealed that airborne infections are the commonest infections in the hospital. The study also reveals that more than 80% reported positive response to infection control tasks with 80(80%) agreeing that practice of infection control reduces likelihood of infection spread to patients. From the study, it was concluded that, there is moderate awareness of infection control with more than half of the respondents having positive ideas about infection control and use of available measures like glove, apron, and hand washing. However, practice and compliance with standard precautions was less than optimal. The researcher recommends continuous health visits by ministry of health (MOH) of Uganda to the hospital and evaluation of the practices to ensure that the health workers practice infection control following the standard guidelines. Also, hand washing or use of hand sanitizers with alcohol or other antiseptics as a measure of disinfecting the hands before or after handling a patient is encouraged.
Keywords: Infection, health workers, hand washing, Manafwa District
Evaluation of factors that contributes to post-partum haemorrhage in Pregnant...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is the world’s leading cause of maternal death and accounts for an estimated 127,000 deaths each year. Identification of some of the risk factors such as; previous postpartum haemorrhage, multiple pregnancies, macrosomia, induction of labour, operative vaginal deliveries and cesarean section would help in preventing PPH. The aim of this research was to assess the factors contributing to postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) among pregnant women who attend delivery services in Kampala International University Teaching Hospital (KIU-TH). This study used a cross-sectional descriptive design where by a cross-section of respondents involving 68 respondents were sampled to represent the target population, in these case women who received maternity service from KIU-TH. Only quantitative methods of data collection using questionnaires with closed ended questions were employed for both mothers and health workers. During the study period, 58 women who delivered in the unit and 20 women developed postpartum haemorrhage giving the frequency of postpartum haemorrhage 34.6%. The majority of the women 30% were between 30-34 years of age. Among the women who developed PPH retained placental tissues was the most common cause 50% followed by uterine atony which was 30%. The rest of the causes of PPH were laceration 20%. Postpartum haemorrhage is still a leading but preventable cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in our country due to underutilization of health facilities, the major cause is retained placental tissues followed by uterine atony.
Keywords: post-partum haemorrhage, pregnant women, delivering, Uganda
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
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In [5], it was indicated that administration
is a dynamic condition in which an
individual is confronted with an
opportunity, constraint, or demand related
to what he or she desires and for which the
outcome is perceived to be both uncertain
and important. Administration can
manifest itself in either a positive or
negative way. It is positive when a
situation offers an opportunity for one to
gain something, but when constraints of
demands are placed on us then it is
negative [6][7]. According to [6], the degree
of administration which teachers
experience is positively related to the
degree which he/she perceives as a lack of
control over a potentially threatening
situation. [7] found that 26 percent of the
teachers reported that being a teacher was
very or extremely administrative[8][9].
According to [8], higher levels of
dissatisfaction with work and occupational
administration have been associated with
teacher performance, absenteeism and
leaving the job. The author in [9] listed the
main sources of administration faced by
teachers as teaching pupils who lacked
motivation, maintenance of discipline,
time pressures and workload, coping with
changes, being evaluated by others,
dealing with colleagues, self-esteem and
status, administration and management,
role conflict and ambiguity and poor
working conditions and these could also
affect teachers’ productivity as earlier
research work had shown [10-14]. In [10],
the study in India on occupational
administration in teachers: a comparative
study of private aided secondary schools
in Hyderabad city found out that it was a
fact that teachers working in private aided
secondary schools as compared to working
in private secondary schools lack
resources like advanced technologies such
as Internet and variety of teaching
methods are not available for them.
Somehow, these could be considered
contributing factors to their
administration level [15-19].
Hyderabad city did a comparative study
between teachers working in private aided
secondary schools using the Arduversion
of the occupational administration
developed by [11]. Teachers working in
private secondary schools should not be
compared to those in private aided
secondary schools because the two
schools are under different management
and they can access new methods of
technology like internet while those in
most private aided secondary schools
struggle with minimum resources, this
study was general. It is not clear on
whether the study addressed all the
teachers from pre-school to the university
level [20-26]. According to [12] in his study
on the wellbeing of New Zealand teachers,
the relationship between health,
administration, job demands and teacher
efficacy, over 39% of teachers considered
teaching to be either very administration
or extremely administration. This means
that most teachers need the above
mentioned support for the improvement
of their performance. The major
challenges are outlined as follow: the goal
of administrative support in schools found
in developing countries like Uganda is to
equip teachers with new skills, tacit
knowledge, cultures, attitudes, behaviors
and innovative ways of solving day to day
problems while at school for better future
which increases their morale and
performance. Education is aimed at
supplying the economy with human capital
that can convert efficiently other
resources into output of high value for
quality life (UNESCO, 2010) [27-32].
According to [13] teachers’ performance in
secondary schools in Nyamitanga Sub-
county is still poor and this is reflected by
poor schemes of work, poor preparation of
teaching materials, irregular and late
reporting to work, disruptive strikes, poor
pupils’ academic performance,
absenteeism and disrespect
[13][18][5][15]. If not solved, it may result
into underdevelopment of schools, neglect
of students’ rights and lack of
responsibilities by teachers. Different
scholars like [14], have conducted research
on teacher’s performance, but none of
them has looked at Administrative support
and teachers’ performance. Therefore, the
researcher intended to carry out the study
about the impact of administrative
support and teachers’ performance in
selected private secondary schools in
Mbarara City [33-38]
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The main purpose of the study was to
establish the effects of Administrative
support on the teachers’ performance in
private aided secondary schools in
Mbarara City. The following research
questions guided the study: (1) What is the
role of leadership skills and teachers’
performance in private aided secondary
schools in Mbarara City? (2) What is the
role of motivation and teachers’
performance private aided secondary
schools in Mbarara City? (3) Is there a
relationship between administrative
support and teachers’ performance in
private aided secondary schools in
Mbarara City?
Research Methodology
This research methodology was discussed
under the following headings: Research
design, study population, sampling
techniques, data collection instruments,
validity and reliability of methods, data
analysis and study procedure.
Research Design
The study was guided by a descriptive
survey design using both qualitative and
quantitative approaches. Quantitative
approach was used in the study to tap
information that was not obtained through
the use qualitative approach. Quantitative
method involved collecting data that was
measurable. On the other hand, a
descriptive survey design was preferred
because of the need by the researcher to
allow respondents express their personal
opinion on every item that was put to them
to judge or answer [15][39][40].
Study population
The target population comprised of head
teachers, teachers, LC3 chairperson and
school founders were selected from
around the selected private aided
secondary school. The total population
from six schools is 280 respondents and
since the population could not exceed 280
a simple of 162 is simply adequate
Sampling Strategies
Sampling was done at two levels. The first
one at school level where some schools
were sampled from the secondary school
in Mbarara City. All the population in the
sample was offered equal chances of being
selected. The researcher used the random
sampling methods so that each member of
the population would get equal chances of
being selected. The researcher used
stratified random sampling in which the
population was divided into further
number of strata and the sample was
drawn from each stratum. There
researcher adopted the above techniques
because they were reliable, highly
representative and presented general view
of the results [15].
Study Sample
To determine the sample size the
researcher used guide lines from a table
developed by [16]. The participants for the
study were head teachers, teachers, LC3
Chairperson and School founders in
selected six randomly selected private
aided secondary school in Mbarara City.
The selected schools were Kibaare,
Nyeihanga, Kanyantura, Murago, Kaiho and
Kakigani secondary schools. Head teacher
of four secondary schools were
purposively selected to participate in the
study since they were the school managers
and therefore with an essential
contribution to make to the study. Both
male and female teachers were
systemically selected to participate in the
study. Here, simple random sampling was
used to reduce the bias and maintain
consistency. A total of 43 teachers
participated. In each school seven teachers
were randomly selected to participate in
the study. Study leaders were purposely
including in the study. This sample size
was determined while considering
constraints such as time funds and poor
accessibility of the people as talked about
by [16]. A sample size of 138 is adequate
as determined by Krejicie and Morgan’s
table (Ref. Appendix E)
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Table one: Sample Size
Category Population Sample size Sampling method
Head teachers 6 6 Purposive sampling
Teachers 72 43 Simple random sampling
LC3 Chair person 1 1 Purposive sampling
School founders 201 112 Simple random sampling
Total 280 162
Source: Krejicie and Morgan’s, (1970) [16]
In summary there are 6 head teachers, 72
teachers, 1 LC3 Chairperson and 201
School founders developed by researcher.
Sample size determination using [16] table
whereby the ever increasing need for the
representative statistical sample in
empirical research created the demand for
an effective method of determining sample
size. Therefore, the researcher used the
table in [15] to determine the sample size
for finite population as it helped him to
reach to the required sample size.
Research Instruments
The researcher obtained responses from
selected community members, head
teachers, teachers by using a structured
questionnaire. Another set of
questionnaire is to be administrated to the
School founders. This questionnaire was
adopted because of its objectivity and
standardization to observations so far
obtained another advantages of
questionnaire was its importance and its
saving nature and since the subject was
within the reach of the researcher. The
questionnaire comprised of closed end
questions for pupils and other subjects
except administrators who were given
structured questions. The respondents
were asked to choose from the options
given to suit their choice so as to get
enough information from them.
The Questionnaire
The researcher designed and administered
the questionnaire to the participants
because of the advantage to collect
information for many respondents in the
shortest time possible. All respondents
were asked the same question depending
on their understanding and grades, but
with a few little exceptions in some
technical area the respondents were given
options from which to pick the possible
alternatives.
Documentary Analysis
The researcher studied documents with
information concerning teachers’
performance in secondary schools in
Mbarara City. The information obtained
guided the researcher in analyzing,
interpreting and discussing the data
collected.
Focus Group Discussions
Teachers and School founders were
separately met in focus group discussions.
This was to enable the researcher get
information that was exploratory
illuminating and enlightening which one
would not be comfortable with when
interviewed alone as was noted by [17]
Interviews
The research carried out form interviews
alongside the interview guide and this was
used on head teachers, teachers and
selected community members of five
sampled school. This was particularly
where sensitive and complex issues were
investigated [15]
Validity of the research Instruments.
In order to establish, the validity of
instruments, the research employed a
technique known as triangulation to
examine how data collected answered the
questions under study from different
perspectives. This involved comparing
responses from interviews and data
collection through focus group
discussions and documentary source.
Triangulation does not only provide
stronger information but also reveals
discrepancies that single technique might
not reveal. The researcher piloted the
questionnaire before finally administering
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it so as to test its validity that was the
extent to which actually measures what
was intended to measure in terms of
content rather than measuring something
else. The questionnaires were given to
experts to test them before use. The
content of the validity of the questionnaire
was determined by giving the
questionnaires to two independent
experts. The content validity index (CVI)
was computed. The result from the experts
gave above 0.7 results which confirmed
that the instruments were valid to be used.
CVI = n
N
Where
N = number of relevant items in the
instruments
n = total number of items in the
instruments.
Reliability of research Instruments
Reliability refers to the extent to which the
constructs are free from errors and yield
consistent results [18]. If the results of a
study can be reproduced under a similar
methodology, then the research
instrument used in the study is considered
to be reliable [19][41][5][42][43]. To ensure
reliability of the research instruments
which were used in this study, Cronbach’s
Alpha coefficient value which has an index
of 0.7 was applied. Cronbach alphas was
calculated using the Statistical Package for
Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0.
Procedure of Data Collection
Respondents were briefed by researchers
about the purpose and objectives of the
study. Furthermore, respondents were
informed that the study was for their own
benefit and Mbarara City and County at
large. All information gathered served to
enrich the material for consultation by the
school administrators, teachers, pupils
and parents. This discussion took place in
a frank, realistic but humble atmosphere
between respondents and the researcher. A
covering letter from the Faculty of
education and research of Kampala
International University helped in
establishing the report with head teachers,
teachers, selected community members
and the pupils. The researcher presented a
letter from university seeking permission
from the head teacher to collect data. Then
the researcher had a brief discussion with
the respondents and explained the
objectives of the study and as for the
pupils questionnaire, the research
requested the head-teacher of the
respective schools to administer the
instrument on his behalf. The
questionnaires to the school
administrators and teachers were
distributed by the researcher and they
were asked to complete them during their
free time. The researcher personally
interviewed the school head-teacher of
each school. He also requested for the files
containing relevant information for the
study and was given. The researcher
collected the completed questionnaires
personally on the agreed date.
Data Analysis
The collected data was turned into
frequency tables and graphs were used
symmetrically. This data was used to
describe basic statistics collected during
the study after analysis by experts. The
data collected was analyzed coded, edited
and entered in Statistical Package for
Social Scientists (SPSS) tool.
Ethical Considerations
Consent was obtained from the
participants as it was their right before
taking part in the study. The data collected
was not altered. All information from all
respondents was confidentially kept. All
sources of information were
acknowledged.
Limitations/delimitation
Personal biases, respondents’ dishonesty
and uncontrolled variables of the study
such as fear, sickness, refusal to
participate, lack of time would cause low
retrieval of questionnaires, withdrawal
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from participating and misinterpretation
of questionnaires by the participants.
The researcher therefore increased the
number of questionnaires that exceed the
minimum sample size. The researcher
requested participants to sign informed
consent to build confidence. The
researcher expected to meet respondents
who would not be willing to cooperate and
respond positively. The researcher,
however, contacted respondents who were
willing to cooperate and talk to their
friends to convince them to respond
accordingly to the questionnaire and
interviews. Lack of enough resources. The
researcher being a low income earner and
had limited means of financing research
study; this would delay the process of
research to some extent. But a budget was
made to fix all the expenditure that may
affect the study.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
This section focuses on analyzing the
demographic characteristics of the
respondents followed by the effects of
domestic valance on grades attained by the
students at school, the relationship
between domestic violence and student
enrollment at school and the relationship
between domestic violence and student
drop-out rate in Mbarara City.
Demographic characteristics
Gender of respondents
This section precisely and concisely documents biographic data of the respondents.
Table 1: Gender of respondents
Gender Frequency Percentage
Male 68 41.8
Female 94 58.2
Total 162 100
Source: Field data, January, 2022
Looking at sex characteristics of the
respondents 41.8% (68) were males and
58.2% (94) were females. This was because
of the gender balance put into
consideration and females outnumbered
males among the targeted population.
Figure 1: Gender of respondents
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Male Female
41.8
58.2
Number
of
respondents
GENDER OF RESPONDENTS
GENDER
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The age structure of respondents
Table 2:The age structure of respondents
Age Frequency Percentage
Below 18-30 32 19.8
30 - 35 59 36.4
35 Above 71 43.8
Total 162 100
Source: Field data, January, 2022
Regarding age characteristics, 19.8% (32)
were aged below 15 years, 36.4% (59) were
aged between 15-18years and 43.8% (71)
were aged above 18 years. This helped the
researcher to get more views from elder
people who were mature enough to
understand the effects of domestic valance
on grades attained by the students at
school, the relationship between domestic
violence and student enrollment at school
and the relationship between domestic
violence and student drop-out rate in
Mbarara City. Also, those below 15 years
helped to disclose the current influence on
their school attendance.
Figure 2: Age structure of respondents
Marital status
Table 3: Showing Marital status
Sex Frequency Percentage
Married 144 88.8
Single 18 11.2
Total 162 100
Source: Field data, January, 2022
On documenting the marital status of the
respondents, it was realized that most
people involved in the study were single as
shown by 88.8% (144) and only 11.2% (18)
were married. This meant that the study
was mostly composed of single couples
who were students.
19.8
36.4
43.8
AGE STRUCTURE OF THE RESPONDENTS
Below 18-30
30-35 years
50 and above
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Figure 3: Showing Marital status
Educational level
Table 4: Showing Educational level
Educational level Frequency Percentage
Secondary 144 88.8
Tertiary (post-secondary) 18 11.2
Total 162 100
Source: Field data, January, 2022
Considering education levels of the
respondents, the great number of
respondents had attained a Secondary
level of education 144 (88.8%), followed by
those with tertiary level of education 18
(11.2%). Such educational background
helped the researcher to fully get the
needed information because the large
number was mature enough to give out
reliable and valid information about the
effects of domestic valance on grades
attained by the students at school, the
relationship between domestic violence
and student enrollment at school and the
relationship between domestic violence
and student drop-out rate in Mbarara City.
The role of leadership skills and teachers’ performance in private aided secondary
schools in Mbarara City.
Respondents were asked about the effects
of domestic valance on grades attained by
the students at school and the following
are the results in table 6.
0
20
40
60
80
100
Married Single
Marital status 88.8 11.2
88.8
11.2
Axis
Title
MARITAL STATUS
Marital status
9. www.iaajournals.org Saidat
48
Table 5: Role of leadership skills and teachers’ performance.
Role of leadership skills and teachers’
performance
Response
1 2 3 4
Improved concentration in class 119 (73%) 35 (21.6%) 8(5%) 3(1.8%)
Improved awareness 127(78.3%) 32(20%) 3(1.7%) 0(0%)
Improved decision making 105(65%) 19(11.7%) 27(16.7%) 11(6.7%)
Improved accessibility of resources 113(70%) 35(21.6%) 3(1.7%) 11(6.7%)
Improved awareness 92(56.7%) 46(28.3) 16(10%) 8(5%)
Source: Field data, January, 2022
From table 5 above, most of the
respondents, 119 accounting to 73%
strongly agreed that leadership skills lead
to improved concentration in class, 35
respondents accounting to 21.6% agreed, 8
respondents accounting to 5% disagreed
while 3 respondent accounting to 1.8%
strongly disagreed. On another hand, most
of the respondents, 127 accounting to
78.3% strongly agreed that leadership
skills lead to improved awareness, 32
respondents accounting to 20% agreed, 3
accounting to 1.7% disagreed while none of
the respondents strongly disagreed. On
the point about whether leadership skills
improve decision making, most of the
respondents, 105 accounting to 65%
strongly agreed 19 respondents
accounting to 11.7% agreed with the
statement, 27 accounting to 16.7%
disagreed while 13 respondents
accounting to 6.6% strongly disagreed with
the statement.Highest percentage of the
respondents, 113 accounting to 70%
strongly agreed with the fact that
leadership skills improve accessibility of
resources followed by 35 respondents
accounting to 21.6% who agreed, followed
by 3 respondent accounting to 1.7% who
disagreed with the statement lastly with 11
respondents accounting to 6.7% who
strongly disagreed with the above
statement.
The researcher also found out that
leadership skills improved awareness
whereby 116 (56.7%) strongly agreed,
92(56.7%) agreed, 46(28.3%) disagreed and
16(10%) strongly disagreed with the
statement.
10. www.iaajournals.org Saidat
49
The role of motivation and teachers’ performance in private aided secondary schools in
Mbarara City.
During the study, the researcher identified
the following about the role of motivation
and teachers’ performance as presented in
the table below:
Table 6: Showing the role of motivation and teachers’ performance
Role of motivation and teachers’
performance
Response
1 2 3 4
Motivation leads to enough time dedicated
to school
122 (75%) 29 (17.9%) 8(5%) 3(1.8%)
Improved working conditions 105(65%) 19(11.7%) 27(16.7%) 11(6.6%)
Availability of interpersonal relationship 127(78.3%) 32(20%) 3(1.7%) 0(0%)
Increased morale 92(56.7%) 46(28.3) 16(10%) 8(5%)
Motivation improves on the copying up with
school culture
113(70%) 35(21.6%) 3(1.7%) 11(6.7%)
Motivation leads participation in
extracurricular activities
78(48.4%) 30(18.3%) 38(23.3%) 16(10%)
Source: Field data, January, 2022
From table 6 above, most of the
respondents, 122 accounting to 75%
strongly agreed that motivation leads to
enough time dedicated to school, 29
respondents accounting to 17.9% agreed, 8
accounting to 5% disagreed while 3
respondent accounting to 1.7% strongly
disagreed with the statement. About
whether motivation leads to improved
working conditions, most of the
respondents, 105 accounting to 65%
strongly agreed, 24 accounting to 11.7%
agreed with the statement, 34 accounting
to 16.7% disagreed while 13 respondents
accounting to 6.6% strongly disagreed with
the statement. On another hand, most of
the respondents, 127 accounting to 78.3%
strongly agreed that motivation leads
increased morale by teachers, 32
respondents accounting to 20% agreed, 3
accounting to 1.7% disagreed while none of
the respondents strongly disagreed. The
researcher also found out that motivation
leads to availability of interpersonal
relationship, 92 (56.7%) strongly agreed,
46 (28.3%) agreed, 16(10%) disagreed and
8(5%) strongly disagreed with the
statement. Highest percentage of the
respondents, 113, accounting to 70%
strongly agreed that motivation improves
on the copying up with school culture
followed by 35 respondents accounting to
21.6% who agreed, followed by 3
respondent accounting to 1.7% who
disagreed with the statement lately with 11
respondents accounting to 6.7% who
strongly disagreed with the above
statement. Finally, 78(48.4%) strongly
agreed that motivation leads participation
in extracurricular activities 30(18.3%)
agreed with the statement, 38(23.3%)
disagreed while 16(10%) strongly
disagreed with the statement. The biggest
percentage of the respondents strongly
agreed and agreed with the role of
motivation and teachers’ performance
hence revealed correct.
The relationship between administrative support and teachers’ performance in private
aided secondary schools in Mbarara City.
During the study, the researcher identified
the following about the relationship
between administrative support and
teachers’ performance as presented in the
table below:
11. www.iaajournals.org Saidat
50
Table 7: Showing relationship between relationship between administrative support
and teachers’ performance
Relationship between administrative
support and teachers’ performance
Response
1 2 3 4
Interpersonal relationship 122 (75%) 29 (17.9%) 8(5%) 3(1.8%)
Responsibility sharing relationship 105(65%) 19(11.7%) 27(16.7%) 11(6.6%)
Awareness 127(78.3%) 32(20%) 3(1.7%) 0(0%)
Cooperation and responsibility assignment 92(56.7%) 46(28.3) 16(10%) 8(5%)
Respect and consideration 113(70%) 35(21.6%) 3(1.7%) 11(6.7%)
Source: Field data, January, 2022
From table 7 above, most of the
respondents, 122 accounting to 75%
strongly agreed that there is an
interpersonal relationship between
administrative support and teachers’
performance, 29 respondents accounting
to 17.9% agreed, 8 accounting to 5%
disagreed while 5 respondent accounting
to 1.8% strongly disagreed. On another
hand, most of the respondents, 105
accounting to 65% strongly agreed that
there is a responsibility sharing
relationship between administrative
support and teachers’ performance, 27
respondents accounting to 16.7% agreed
with the statement, 11 respondents
accounting to 6.7% disagreed while none of
the respondents strongly disagreed.
About the relationship of awareness
between administrative support and
teachers’ performance, most of the
respondents, 127 accounting to 78.3%
strongly agreed with it, 32 respondents
accounting to 20% agreed with the
statement, 3 accounting to 1.7% disagreed
while none of the respondents disagreed
with the statement. Highest percentage of
the respondents, 92 accounting to 56.7%
strongly agreed with the statement that
there is a relationship of cooperation and
responsibility assignment between
administrative support and teachers’
performance followed by 46 respondents
accounting to 28.3% who agreed, followed
by 16 respondent accounting to 10% who
disagreed with the statement lately with 8
respondents accounting to 5% who
strongly disagreed with the above
statement. Finally, the researcher also
found out that there is a relationship of
respect and consideration between
administrative support and teachers’
performance whereby 113 (70%) strongly
agreed, 35(21%) agreed, 3(1.7%) disagreed
and 11(6%) strongly disagreed with the
statement. From the above responses of
the respondents, the highest percentages
strongly agreed with all the relationships,
therefore shows that administrative
support has a great impact on teachers’
performance.
Summary of Findings
The role of leadership skills and teachers’ performance in private aided secondary
schools in Mbarara city
In relation to the role of leadership skills
and teachers’ performance, most of the
respondents revealed that domestic
violence reviews were used in data
collection exercises. Findings were found
out that the rate at which parents involve
their children in domestic chores in
relation to domestic violence was high
therefore there was a need for the study.
The descriptive statistics also indicated
that to a large extent, the roles of
leadership skills were improved
concentration in class, improved
awareness, improved decision making,
improved accessibility of resources and
improved awareness. The above is in
agreement with [20][44][45][21][29],
Observations were made and found out
12. www.iaajournals.org Saidat
51
that lack of respect, poor facilitation and
lack of appreciation of administration
make some teachers to lose hopes in their
schools’ administration work.
Furthermore, few of the private aided
secondary schools endeavoured to provide
teachers with housing facilities especially
for teachers who come from far. To a
smaller extent, some teachers are offered
scholarships for further studies in their
schools. This is in agreement with [22] who
noted that in 1994 the Uganda Teachers
Association (UTA) advanced the matter of
small pay in a manner that brilliantly
exposes the teachers’ underprivileged
situation [22] [46].
The role of motivation and teachers’ performance in private aided secondary schools in
Mbarara City.
In relation to the role of motivation and
teachers’ performance in selected schools,
most of the respondents revealed that
highest percentage of the respondents,
113, accounting to 70% strongly agreed
that motivation improves on the copying
up with school culture followed by 35
respondents accounting to 21.6% who
agreed, followed by 3 respondent
accounting to 1.7% who disagreed with the
statement lately with 11 respondents
accounting to 6.7% who strongly disagreed
with the above statement. From the
descriptive statistics, it was established
that as part of fringe benefits in form of
motivation to school teachers were given
as recognition in their respective schools
and free meals were being provided to the
teachers. Teachers’ recognition is reflected
in many ways, like thanks, giving gifts,
increment in salary, promotions at school,
giving allowances to teachers, [23][24][47].
This study finds support from the two
factor theory of motivation. According to
[25], he mentioned two levels of
motivators for different workers. He
identified the two levels as ‘hygiene’ and
‘motivation’. To him, each level provides
different purposes for a teacher in this
case (worker), Apart from making money,
teachers have got reasons for working as
per expectations, therefore school
administrators take concern to create a
smooth teaching environment, if teachers
are to achieve their objectives that would
lead schools to achieve their set goals.
The relationship between administrative support and teachers’ performance in private
aided secondary schools in Mbarara City.
The study objective sought to establish the
relationship of administrative support on
teachers’ performance in private aided
secondary schools in Mbarara City. The
study established that there was a
statistically significant relationship
between administrative support and
teachers’ performance in private aided
secondary schools in Mbarara City with a
highest percentage of 91%. According to
[26] [29][48], effective administrative
support plays important roles in school
leadership, pupils’ discipline, academic
work, guidance and counselling practices
and four dimensions, which is a vision of
building school, development of goals and
priorities, motivating staff and
development of a collaborative school
culture. Furthermore, [27][49][5][15][29],
revealed that administrative support plays
fundamental roles in school’s survival like
leads to good academic performance of
students, effectiveness and efficient of
teachers in schools and once it becomes
inactive, the reverse becomes true. In this
argument, [28] also realized that some
teachers have left teaching profession due
to lack of administrative support as they
seek assistance from them but all in vein
[48].
CONCLUSION
Leadership skills plays big roles in
connection with administration and are
the most important in enhancing the
performance of teachers. This is because
whereas the leadership skills were good,
administration was in support for
teachers’ performance. There were lack of
concentration in class, lack of awareness,
poor decision making and poor resource
allocation due to poor motivation of
teachers. Administrative support is a
probable requirement for the performance
of teachers. Such support as offering of
free counselling services and good
interpersonal relationships enhanced the
performance of teachers. It was concluded
that the relationship between
administrative support and teachers’
13. www.iaajournals.org Saidat
52
performance is also requirement
necessary for the performance of teachers.
Such environment includes interpersonal
relationship, responsibility sharing
relationship and awareness.
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