here , a reader will get brief idea about how the cardiovascular system reacts when the body is in the exercising phase

1. ACUTE EFFECTS OF
EXERCISE ON CARDIO-
VASCULAR SYSTEM
- PREETY PARMAR

2. Objectives :
 Introduction
>Type of exercise
>Mechanism of exercise
>Acute Effects on
cardiovascular system

3. - During exercise there is an increase in
metabolic need of body tissue particularly the
muscles .
 Exercise
 1. Dynamic
 2. Static

4. DYNAMIC EXERCISE
 Involves Isotonic muscle contraction DPn
 Eg., Swimming , Walking

5. STATIC EXERCISE
 Involves isometric muscle contraction . dpi
 Eg., Pushing any heavy object

6. AEROBIC vs ANAEROBIC
EXERCISE
 1. Aerobic Exercise :
 Involves activity with low Intensity .
 Performed for long period .

7. AEROBIC EXERCISE
Energy obtained by
utilizing nutrients in
presence of O2.
In beginning body obtains
energy by burning
glycogen stored in LIVER .
After about 20 minutes the
stored glycogen is
exhausted
And body starts burning
FAT .
Body fat is converted into
glucose and making more
energy . Eg, fast walking ,
playing out-door game

8. Anaerobic Exercise
 Involves Exertion for
short period followed
by period of rest .
 Uses Muscle at high
Intensity for a short period .
 Body obtains energy by burning
glycogen ,which is stored in muscles without O2.

9.  Burning Glycogen without O2 Librates Lactic
Acid .
Leading to Fatigue
 which helps to improve muscle strength.
Eg., Pull-ups , Pushups , Weightlifting ,
Sprinting

10.  The process of using energy from glucose .

11. Acute Effects of Exercise on
Cardiovascular System .
On blood : Mid Hypoxia Develops
Stimulation of juxta glomerular
appratus
Secrete Erythroportine, Stimulation
of Bone marrow Releasing RBC .

12. On Blood Volume
 The heat production Causes Activation of
Thermo-regulatory System .
 Sweat glands gets Stimulated .
> Fluid Loss
> Blood Volume

13. ON Heart rate
 The heart rate increases while exercise
 Moderate exercise > 180 beats / min
 Sever exercise > 240 – 260 beats / min
 HR max = ( 220 – age )

14. Cardiac Output :
 Resting – 5 L / min
 Moderate – 20 L / min
 Sever – 35 L / min – 40 L / min
* Within each tissue the resistance arteries determine regional peripheral resistance in order to provide adequate blood supply to meet the
metabolic demands of the body. Increased cardiac output is a direct response to the volume increase in resistance vessels (vasodilation)
to meet the oxygen demand of the exercising skeletal and cardiac muscles


15. Venous Return :
 Venous return - Venous return is the rate of
blood flow back to the heart
 Venous return during exercise

16. Blood flow to skeletal muscles :
1. Resting 3 to 4 ml /
100 g
2. Moderate 60 to 80 ml /
100 g
3. Sever 90 to 120 ml /
100 g

17. Local blood flow :
 The local control of muscle blood flow during
exercise is generally considered to be mediated by
the release of chemicals from the active muscle in
proportion to metabolic rate, to mechanical
stimulation of arteries supplying the muscles.
 Vaso-dilation activated in the smallest arterioles
that is conducted upstream of larger arterioles and
resistance arteries, and paracrine signalling from
endothelial cells (ECs) and red blood cells .

18. Blood pressure :
 Blood pressure is the pressure of circulating
blood against the walls of blood vessels.
 Moderate exercise > Only systolic pressure
 Sever exercise > Both Systolic and Diastolic
pressure

19. Blood pressure :
 Blood pressure is the pressure of circulating
blood against the walls of blood vessels.
 Moderate exercise > Only systolic pressure
 Sever exercise > Both Systolic and Diastolic
pressure

20. THANK
YOU

21. Reference :
 Physiology of sports and exericse
 Essentials of medical physiology
 Exercise physiology william d. McArdle
 The effects of acute and chronic exercise on
the vasculature -J. J. Whyte and M. Harold
Laughlin Published in final edited form as: Acta
Physiol (Oxf). 2010 August ; 199(4): 441–450.
doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.2010.02127.x