Action research is a process that involves taking action to solve a problem and studying the results of that action through systematic data collection and reflection. It consists of a spiraling cycle of identifying problems, collecting data, reflecting on and analyzing the data, taking data-driven action, and redefining the problem based on what was learned. Action research can be done individually or collaboratively at the classroom, school, district, or division level on topics related to teaching and learning, child protection, human resource development, governance, gender, disaster risk reduction, or special education.