The document outlines the diverse needs of migrants, highlighting the necessity to shift perspectives from 'what are the needs of immigrants' to 'who is a migrant'. It identifies major areas needing attention for integration, including education, labor market, social integration, and institutional support, emphasizing the importance of understanding the context of migration within society. The conclusions stress the urgency of developing effective policies for employment integration and social inclusion while advocating for a review of current legislative frameworks to better address migrants' rights and needs.

2. •What are the needs of the migrants?
•What do they need?
To speak of the needs of the migrant, we must first have an idea of immigrants to consider needs and provide appropriate responses.

3. •It will then be necessary to replace the original question "what are the needs of an immigrant" with "who is a migrant?"
•Migration involves every aspect of life: language- related needs, work, social life, the relationship with the institutions etc.
•The idea of human need has a plurality of meanings in relation to different contexts - economic, social, political, cultural - which can refer.

4. Migration is a mirror of the host society.
The change of perspective also avoids the risk of considering the problem of integration as neutral, outside the power dynamics of the society or as an abstract scientific debate.

5. Immigration is a "total social fact" that should not be analyzed only in economic terms, but from different points of view:
history, geography, demography, economics, law, sociology, psychology, anthropology, linguistics, political science
…

6. The problem of integration is that of '"belonging" to a national community, which is based on the criterion of citizenship, which, in the societies of Western countries, it is still unfortunately interpreted in an ethnic sense.
The concept of nation is indeed still given a meaning which highlights the connotations of ethnic, making difficult the integration of "foreigners", refugees, migrants, etc..

7. The presence of foreigners in Western societies needs to be addressed both in a diachronic perspective, that is, understanding the causes of immigration, both in a synchronic perspective, ie by analyzing the structures of the host society.
In this perspective, we can try to understand the many aspects of the reality of '"other" and we can groped to create the conditions, regulatory and institutional, to ensure their integration into the new society in which he lives and the most effective response to their needs and their rights.

8. At the operational level, we started from the analysis of national scenarios of immigration in the countries involved
(through direct contact with communities of immigrants and the analysis of statistical data, publications and research carried out), to enable the development of:
An initial search on immigration in Europe
A definition of the system of the needs associated with the integration of immigrants
A definition of tools, policies and programs appropriate to meet those needs

9. In common sense, the concept of need indicates a shortage and deficiency states:
in fact it refers to a condition that must be overcome in order to achieve the full potential of the individual and therefore to an instance that has to be paid.

10. •In brief, we have outlined a system of needs articulated in the following areas: Reception and Integration Education and Training Labor Market Social Integration

11. For each area of reference, therefore, it was found:
Problems (deficiency state / need)
Needs

12. PROBLEMS
•Difficulties in the relations with the institutions
•Emergency housing / services for accommodation
•Administrative-bureaucratic difficulties (documents, residence permits, family reunification ...)
•Discretion and arbitrariness of some local authorities

13. RECEPTION AND INTEGRATION
NEEDS
•Institutional services:
–Information desk for access to existing services (networking between public and private services):
•job search
•search of the house
•relations with other institutions
•administrative and legal aspects
•language learning
•integration into local society
•

14. RECEPTION AND INTEGRATION
NEEDS
•Knowing the host society:
•Laws
•Bureaucracy
•Culture
•…

15. NEEDS
•Language Courses:
–Developing mastery of the language beyond the everyday needs, achieving proficient use in the workplace and in relationships with institutions, schools, health, etc.
•Banking services for foreigners
•Care services for children (kindergartens, mother language courses …)
•Political participation (vote access, representatives in political bodies …)
•Family reunions
RECEPTION AND INTEGRATION

16. In general:
it needs to change the system of services (social, educational, health)
to enable them
to meet the needs of immigrants
RECEPTION AND INTEGRATION

17. EDUCATION AND TRAINING
PROBLEMS
•difficulties related to the equivalence of qualifications
•issues related to language proficiency and civic education
•issues related to motivation, time availability, lack of information, cost of training

18. EDUCATION AND TRAINING
NEEDS
•Training courses to support employability
•Flexible training times
•Free opportunities
•Services for the recognition of qualifications

19. LABOR MARKET
PROBLEMS
•Difficulties in finding employment
•Labor exploitation
•Irregular forms of the work
•Safety in the work place

20. LABOR MARKET
NEEDS
•Employability services, guidance and support
•Awareness of employers (against undeclared work, the exploitation of immigrant workers, safety ....)
•Supporting appropriate mechanisms for the recognition of foreign professional qualifications and organize training courses in countries of origin
•Developing measures to support entrepreneurship of foreigners
•Promote measures to increase employment, with particular attention to women, thus providing a real alternative to illegal employment

21. SOCIAL INTEGRATION
PROBLEMS
•Sense of loneliness
•Scarcity of relationships outside the family or the community to which they belong
•Problems in relations with the local population
•Extent of discrimination and intolerance in Europe, especially against Roma and immigrants, but also of second-generation immigrants, often treated as foreigners in the country where they were born and of which they are nationals

22. SOCIAL INTEGRATION
NEEDS
•Aggregation points:
–Associations
–Community services (public and private)
•Enhancement and ethnic ties with the countries of origin
•Development of the capacity of local communities to accommodate cultural differences as an enrichment

23. CONCLUSIONS
HOME , WORK and LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE are the three main problems for foreign immigrants

24. There is an urgent need to implement effective POLICIES for EMPLOYMENT integration of immigrants.
Current policies need to be reviewed and strengthened and the Union must address the pressing challenges of the labor market, in particular the deficiencies in skill levels and inadequate work.
CONCLUSIONS

25. EDUCATION and TRAINING play a vital role in the social integration of immigrants CONCLUSIONS

26. The European LEGISLATION on residence permits,
family reunification, students, researchers, highly qualified people should harmonize the conditions for revenue and rights of immigrants in key areas, while Member States retain the right to decide CONCLUSIONS

27. With the support of the
Lifelong Learning programme — Grundtvig of the European Union
This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This communication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein