Acid rain is caused by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emissions from burning fossil fuels which mix with water vapor and fall as rain, damaging the environment. It harms trees, forests and aquatic ecosystems by poisoning soils and water, causing fish die-offs and stunting tree growth. Acid rain also erodes stone buildings and infrastructure, and increases health issues for humans. Solutions include installing pollution controls on power plants and vehicles, reducing energy consumption, and transitioning to renewable energy sources to mitigate the effects of acid rain.