The study evaluated the behavior of conventional and organic chili jalapeño production in Peru using 11 native varieties and 2 commercial Mexican varieties. Seed germination, viability, plant growth, flowering, fruit production, pest damage, yield and production costs were compared. For most variables, the native organic varieties performed similarly to the commercial varieties, with germination rates of 95-98% versus 91-92% in conventional, and yields of 2,609-3,093 kg/hectare versus 5,402-7,396 kg/hectare. Production costs for native organic varieties were between $10,550-12,663/hectare compared to $13,300-13,333/hectare for

1. ABSTRACT
The present investigation was developed in the province of Huaral, during 2012 and 2013; it had for
objective to evaluate the behavior of the conventional and organic production of the chili jalapeño, by
empirical methods of observation, measurement and experimentation, with blocks at random, proving
11 treatments of native peruvian varieties and 02 mexican commercial varieties.
The variables studied were percentage of: germination, viability, vitality of seeds, plant morphology:
size, number of branches, flowering moments, fructification, number of fruits, phytosanitary
managing, yield and production costs. In the information processing were used statistical tests,
variance analysis ANOVA, variability coefficient and Duncan's test (0.05) and the tabulations by the
Minitab 14 program.
The results were significant in the majority of cases. The germination, vitality and viability of seed, the
organic production ranged between 95 % - 98,33 % and the conventional production between 91,00 %
- 91,67 %; the size of plant in organic production was 95,67 cm - 110,97 cm and in conventional
production was from 95,33 cm – 110 cm, with significant differences against the commercial varieties.
The number of branches per plant for native varieties in both cases ranged between 5,67 cm to 10,33
cm and the commercial varieties between 9,33 cm to 9,67cm.
The moment of flowering in both cases, occurred between 74 to 82 days, similar to the commercial
varieties, The diameter of fruits harvested for the conventional production ranged between 4,95 cm to
6,42 cm and in organic production were from 4,83 cm to 6,00 cm.; the length of fruits for conventional
production reached between 9,00 cm to 12,33 cm and in organic production were from 8, 60 cm to 10,
57 cm in both cases the commercial varieties were of major size. The number of fruits in conventional
native production ranged between 64. 33 to 80,33 fruits per plant, the commercial varieties were from
89,33 to 89,67 fruits per plant, and in the native organic production were from 69,33 to 79,00 fruits
per plant, and the commercial varieties were from 73,67 to 74,33 fruits per plant.
The damages for plagues in native conventional production were from 3,67 to 4,67 % and in
commercial varieties were from 5,67 to 5,33 %, for native organic production were from 4,10 to 4, 63
% and in commercial varieties were from 5,03 to 5,13 %. The damages caused by diseases in the native
conventional production were from 2,43 to 4,07 % and in commercial varieties were from 2,43 to 2,67
%, in the native organic production were from 3,33 to 3,67 % against 4,27 to 5,5% of the commercial
varieties.
The yields of the crop in conventional production were from 3200,00 to 3.416,00 kg per hectare and in
commercial varieties were from 7.396,00 to 7.396,00 kg per hectare, for the native organic production
were from 2.609,33 to 3,093,33 kg per hectare, against 5.618,67 to 5,402,00 kg per hectare of the
commercial varieties and the major conventional yields were T5 (Telico): 3 416.00 kilos, T5 (Jal pus
420055F1): 3.348,67 kilos, T7 (86013): 3.343,67 kilos and for the organic production they were T10
(conchos): 3 093,33 kilos, T8 (Gifts): 3 081,33 kilos, T5 (Telico): S/2 908,00 nuevos soles (new sols).
Finally the costs of native conventional production were from S/.11.244,18 to S/.11.347,52 nuevos
soles (new sols); in the commercial varieties were from S/.13.300,00 to S/.13.333,33 nuevos soles (new
sols) per hectare. For the native organic production the costs were from S/.10.550,70 to S/.12.663,30
nuevos soles (new sols) and in the commercial varieties were from S/.12.705,12 and S/.12.663,30
nuevos soles (new sols) per hectare.
At last we conclude that the native varieties of chili jalapeño, present very good yields, get adapted
easily to adverse environmental factors. The scientific contribution is related to the genetic material,
technical and social recovery of native varieties from peruvian background, and economically it is
orientated to contribute in the economy of small agrarian producers increasing the competitiveness
and sustainability in raising the chili jalapeño.
Key words: Chili jalapeño, organic and conventional production.