The labor market in Spain has high unemployment rates, especially among youth and women. Unemployment has increased since 2006 due to economic crisis but has recently declined slightly. Most contracts are temporary rather than permanent, lacking job security. Unemployment benefits are provided based on contribution periods and income qualifications, with various aid programs for those who exhaust benefits.

1. LABOUR MARKET IN SPAIN

2. TOPICS
• 1. WHAT IS IT?
• 2. LABOUR MARKET INDICATORS
• 3.CHARASTERISTICS OF LABOUR MARKET IN
SPAIN
-UNEMPLOYED : YOUTH, MALE AND FEMALE
-JOB SECURITY
• 4.UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS

3. 1. WHAT IS IT?
EMPLOYEES
Demand
employment
Employment
Agencies Offer employment
EMPLOYERS

4. Employment
• State Employment Service
• Temporary Employment Agencies
• Employment Agencies
In our region

5. 2.LABOUR MARKET INDICATORS
• The Economically Active Population Survey
(EAPS) studies the quarterly evolution of the
labour market according to the information
obtained from about 65000 families.
There are four possible situations:

6. 1. Active Population: persons 16 and over who,
during the reference week (previous to that in
which the interview was carried out), supply
labour for the production of goods and
services or are available and in condition to be
incorporated into that production. They are
subdivided into employed and unemployed.

7. 2. Employed: These are people 16 or over who
during the reference week have been working
for at least one hour in exchange for
remuneration in cash or in kind or those with
work who have been temporarily absent
because of illness, holidays, etc.

8. 3. Unemployed: These are people 16 and over
who during the reference week have been
without work. They are available to work and
actively seeking work.

9. 4.Inactive Population: population of 16 or over
not included in any of the previous categories
receives this consideration.
ACTIVE INACTIVE
Employed population Students
Unemployed population: Homemakers
-without work Retired
-Currently avalible for
work
Others
-Seeking work

10. STATISTICAL RATIOS are calculated as follows:
Active Rate = ACTIVE POPULATION x 100%
POPULATION OVER 16 YEARS
Employment Rate= EMPLOYED x 100 %
POPULATION OVER 16 YEARS
Unemployment Rate = UNEMPLOYED X100%
TOTAL LABOUR FORCE

11. 3.CHARACTERISTICS ABOUT OUR
LABOUR MARKET
• I.UNEMPLOYMENT
– Structural unemployment: it is due to permanent
changes in consumer demand.
– Current economic situation: it is due to economic
crisis in which consumption and production are
reduced.

12. Unemployment rate
• The number of unemployed in Spain is about
4.150.000 people. Active Population is still
under 23 millions.
The unemployed rate increased
from 2006 to 2013. Nowadays, it
shows a slight decline.
The unemployment rate is a
percentage that expresses the
proportion of people
unemployed over labour force
in Spain

13. UNEMPLOYEMENT RATE compared to
other European countries

14. YOUTH unemployment

15. Youth unemployment rate is generally much
higher than the unemployment rate for all
ages.
Spain is one of the European countries where
this rate is higher.
The economic crisis severely hit the young.

16. Comparative youth unemployment rate with different
countries

17. FEMALE/ MALE unemployment
(Women))
(Men )

18. • Women have been more affected by
unemployment than men. As a result, the
government gives companies incentives for
hiring women as reductions of social security
contributions.

19. • One of the active employment policies is to
receive social benefits for employing women
in jobs which traditionally have been done by
men.
• However nowadays women and men are still
not equal in jobs despite of incentives.

20. Unemployment rates, 2014, ranked
on the average of male and female

21. II. JOB SECURITY
• The lack of Job security is another main
problem in our labour market.
• Most of the contracts are temporary.
• The 2012 reform has strengthened incentives
for employers to hire on open-ended
contracts, but in the ongoing recovery still a
large fraction of new contracts are fixed-term.

22. • In 2014, the proportion of employees in the
EU-28 with a contract of limited duration
(fixed-term employment) was 14.0 %. More
than one in four (28.3 %) employees in Poland
had a temporary contract and this proportion
was above one in five in Spain (24.0 %)

23. • The labour reform in order to fight against
unemployement due to the crisis hasn´t resolved this
problem. It still produces instability in labour
relationships and makes the regimen of dismissal
easier and cheaper.
• In the absent of just cause the worker receives a
compensation for dismissal equal to 33 days’ salary
per years worked (before the reform was 45 days’ )

24. 4. UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS
• This covers the contingency of unemployment
for those people who, while willing and able
to work, lose their job temporarily or
permanently, or have their working hours
reduced by at least a third, with the
corresponding loss or reduction in wages due
to any of the reasons established as legally
unemployed statuses.

26. Duration of unemployment benefit
Contributions period ( in days ) Benefic period ( in days )
From 360 up to 539 120
From 540 up to 719 180
From 720 up to 899 240
From 900 up to 1079 300
From 1080 up to 1259 360
From 1260 up to 1439 420
From 1440 up to 1619 480
From 1620 up to 1799 540
From 1800 up to 1979 600
From 1980 up to 2159 660
From 2160 up to 720

27. Non contributory unemployed benefit
• Workers who have exhausted their contributory
unemployment benefit and have family
responsibilities.
• Workers who are over 45 and 55 years of age
who have exhausted their unemployment
benefits and don`t have family responsibilities.
• Returning migrant workers
• Individuals that have been discharged from
prison or who have had their sentences remitted
due to drug rehabilitation.

28. • In 2016 in order to apply for the benefit,
income must be no more than 491,40€ in a
month.
• There are other aids that aren´t subsidies
such as:
PREPARA it is an exceptional measure for people
who have finished all benefits.
RAI (Insertion active rent ) people with difficulty to
work.
PAE ( Program to active employment )

29. • Sources: http://www.seg-social.es
http://www.ine.es/
https://www.sepe.es/
www.oecd.org/spain/Employment-
Diana Martín Gutiérrez
Diego Cid Jiménez
Piedad Cuadrado Nieves
CFGS 1º de Iluminación
.