The main purpose of this research paper is to identify the communication issues and conflicts among the multicultural team members and effect of these challenge factors on cultural diversity. The researcher developed a conceptual framework based on the review of literature and data collected from the IT employees through interviews. Convenient sampling method adapted for this descriptive study and 430 was the sample size. Data analysis had done using EFA, CFA, validity analysis and SEM. The result confirmed that communication issues and conflicts exist among the multicultural team members. The result revealed that cultural diversity had significant influences on communication issues and conflicts.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
A study of the existence of glass ceiling in the telecommunication sector of ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Managing Workforce Diversity in Competitive Environmentinventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Managing diversity becomes one of the most important factors in ensuring company competitiveness. This paper explores the theory about diversity management and compares it with the practices in organizations and then examines the organizations’ diversity programs through their employees’ perceptions. The findings illustrate that there is a gap between managing diversity theories and practices in organizations and some barriers in implementing divManaging diversity becomes one of the most important factors in ensuring company competitiveness. This paper explores the theory about diversity management and compares it with the practices in organizations and then examines the organizations’ diversity programs through their employees’ perceptions. The findings illustrate that there is a gap between managing diversity theories and practices in organizations and some barriers in implementing diversity program, especially in the hospitality industry.ersity program, especially in the hospitality industry.
Innovation is a wellspring of growth (Romer, P.M. 1987). Although innovation itself is a
continuous process for producing new ideas, productions, services and tools, conducting
innovation is highly environment-dependent or platform-dependent (Ping Lan, 2004). The rapid
development of information technology forces environments to change at a great speed that also
makes great changes to innovation itself in the digital-business environment. Given this
background, this paper is an attempt at examining the great changes to innovation brought by
information and technology, especially the Internet. Therefore, we put forward a new innovation
platform: E-innovation. In this paper, we discuss the definition, management, application of Einnovation;
we provide a five-D architectural framework of E-innovation; we also present an
example on the application of E-innovation and drive recommendation for E-innovation based on
research available.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
A study of the existence of glass ceiling in the telecommunication sector of ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Managing Workforce Diversity in Competitive Environmentinventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Managing diversity becomes one of the most important factors in ensuring company competitiveness. This paper explores the theory about diversity management and compares it with the practices in organizations and then examines the organizations’ diversity programs through their employees’ perceptions. The findings illustrate that there is a gap between managing diversity theories and practices in organizations and some barriers in implementing divManaging diversity becomes one of the most important factors in ensuring company competitiveness. This paper explores the theory about diversity management and compares it with the practices in organizations and then examines the organizations’ diversity programs through their employees’ perceptions. The findings illustrate that there is a gap between managing diversity theories and practices in organizations and some barriers in implementing diversity program, especially in the hospitality industry.ersity program, especially in the hospitality industry.
Innovation is a wellspring of growth (Romer, P.M. 1987). Although innovation itself is a
continuous process for producing new ideas, productions, services and tools, conducting
innovation is highly environment-dependent or platform-dependent (Ping Lan, 2004). The rapid
development of information technology forces environments to change at a great speed that also
makes great changes to innovation itself in the digital-business environment. Given this
background, this paper is an attempt at examining the great changes to innovation brought by
information and technology, especially the Internet. Therefore, we put forward a new innovation
platform: E-innovation. In this paper, we discuss the definition, management, application of Einnovation;
we provide a five-D architectural framework of E-innovation; we also present an
example on the application of E-innovation and drive recommendation for E-innovation based on
research available.
EFFECTIVE RESOURCE SHARING WITH UNIVERSAL BASE-BAND PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY SUP...IAEME Publication
In our paper, SRAN (single radio access network technology) supports multi-band and multi-mode communication for mobile users. In this, we address the signaling impact results of various mobile bands and its spectrum utilization, resource utilization for high speed and its reduced latency model. We deployed this architecture of network using reduced space capacity and increased network resource utilization. Achievements made by simplicity of baseband board technology. This introduces an optimization problem involving a trade-off between the number of additional bands that are required and the costs of moving through the mobile field for the purpose of spectrum usage. The Basic idea is to achieve 2G, 3G and LTE communication using a single multi-band rectangular antenna. The method proposed guarantee that no further delay or latency of the network can occur during the restoration. It considers about the energy consumption and the remaining energy of base station as well as quality of links to find energy-efficient and reliable routes that increase the operational lifetime of the network. Quality of Service of the communication network is also improved in rural or hilly regions. From this, we will analyze the multimode concurrency and conclude the performance of different bands. The performance can be shown in graphical model.
VESTIGATION OF DYNAMIC INVOLVED IN DETERMINATION OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE OF KARU...IAEME Publication
An appropriate capital structure is a critical decision for any business organization to be taken
by business organization for maximization of shareholders wealth and sustained growth. The main
objectives this study was investigating the determinants of capital structure of the selected private
Bank in India. Thus, the major focus of this study was to investigate empirically firm specific factors
such as, Size, Tangibility, Profitability, Dividend Payout Ratio, Taxation, and Risk. In this study, only
secondary data was used. The data collected from the annual report published by the Bank.
AN INSIGHT INTO ATOMIC DIMENSION OF PERSONALITY AND STRESS MANAGEMENTIAEME Publication
In the contemporary business and management world, the meaning and scope of organizations have a broader meaning. Every type of organizations have their own challenges and stress factors. Similarly stress management dimensions require new outlook in the organization and organization behavior. During stress the coordination between the mind and body get unaligned. This article focuses on an atomic outlook of personality and stress handling methods.
INNER SELF-IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMS: PATHWAY TO GAIN INDEPENDENCE FROM THE DEPEND...IAEME Publication
Background - It is the movement of highly skilled and qualified people towards a country where they can work in better conditions and earn more money. It is also termed as “human capital flight” because it resembles the case of capital flight.
Objectives – The objective of the study is to analyze the causes and effects of brain drain of Nepalese students.
Methodology – Due to the specific nature of the research objectives, descriptive cum analytical research design has been used.
Findings – Brain drain is a serious problem in Nepal. It creates both a positive effect and a negative effect directly or indirectly in the economic development of the country.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DISTRIBUTED FREQUENT PATTERN MINING ALGORITHMS FOR BIG S...IAEME Publication
Association rule mining plays an important role in decision support system. Nowadays in the era of internet, various online marketing sites and social networking sites are generating enormous amount of structural/semi structural data in the form of sales data, tweets, emails, web pages and so on. This online generated data is too large that it becomes very complex to process and analyze it using traditional systems which consumes more time. This paper overcomes the main memory bottleneck in single computing system. There are two major goals of this paper. In this paper, big sales dataset of AMUL dairy is preprocessed using Hadoop Map Reduce that convert it into the transactional dataset. Then, after removing the null transactions; distributed frequent pattern mining algorithm MR-DARM (Map Reduce based Distributed Association Rule Mining) is used to find most frequent item set. Finally, strong association rules are generated from frequent item sets. The paper also compares the time efficiency of MR-DARM algorithm with existing Count Distributed Algorithm (CDA) and Fast Distributed Mining (FDM) distributed frequent pattern mining algorithms. The compared algorithms are presented together with experimental results that lead to the final conclusions.
ARE THE SERVICES DELIVERED EMPLOYABLE? A SCENARIO OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION IN ...IAEME Publication
Purpose
One of the most appalling challenges in India is persistently rising unemployment, explicitly in
the rural region. More than 20% of Indian youth between the ages of 15 and 24 years are “seeking
or available for work,” as per 2011 census data. There will be no peace and prosperity in the
country unless jobless people get appropriate channel. In India deficiency of skills is among the
main constraints for recruitment of Technical Education. Productivity of Technical Education in
not entirely absorbed due to lack of skills required by the employers. Along with the ample
arguments, taking place in recent times, regarding reformation in the productivity of Technical
Education, this present study syndicates focus on services delivered and its impact on employability
skills. The objective of this paper is to find out whether Technical Education institutes in rural part
are keen to focus on the employability skills? The paper also focuses on distinguished skills
required by the employer for recruitment. The study also emphases on the services offered by the
Institutes and their correlation on skills development.
Design methodology
A qualitative research survey through a structured questionnaire for the students who are
studying or have recently completed their Technical Education affiliated to the North Maharashtra
University, Jalgaon was conducted which is situated in rural part of India.
Findings
The study discusses umpteen employability skills and explains how embedding services of
technical education are correlated to the growth and development of employability skills. The study
finds that these services results in comprehensive and cohesiveness of employability skills.
Research limitations
The survey is delimited to the Technical Education belonging to North Maharashtra University,
Jalgaon and located in rural of India.
HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY CLASSIFICATION USING TECHNOLOGIES OF COMPUTATIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Texture information is exploited for classification of HSI (Hyperspectral Imagery) at high spatial resolution. For this purpose, framework employs to LBP (Local Binary Pattern) to extract local image features such as edges, corners & spots. After the extraction of LBP feature two levels of fusions are applied along with Gabor feature & spectral feature, i.e. Feature level fusion & Decision level fusion. In Feature level fusion multiple features are concurred before pattern classification. While in decision level fusion, it works on probability output of each individual classification pipeline combines the distinct decisions into final one. Decision level fusion consists of either hard fusion, soft fusion method. In hard fusion we consider majority part & in soft fusion linear logarithmic opinion pool at probability level (LOGP). In addition to this, extreme learning machine (ELM) classifier is included which is more efficient than support vector machine (SVM), used to provide probability classification output. It has simple structure with one hidden layer & one linear output layer. ELM trained much faster than SVM.
A STUDY ON IMPACT OF BARCODE AND RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY ON...IAEME Publication
Bar-code technology has now widespread that many customers take it for granted as this technology continues to offer infinite benefits in a wide extent of businesses. The theoretical frame work is intended to gain responses with maximum users about automation and optimization of production using Barcode and RFID; since there is a limited user of RFID, the researcher was supposed to go with barcode users only. This study observed the importance and implementation of Barcode in manufacturing industries, how it works and appreciates productivity, its influence over the manufacturing chain and about its integration among the different units and frames of this sector.
TAX REFORM FOR DEVELOPING VIABLE AND SUSTAINABLE TAX SYSTEMS IN INDIA WITH SP...IAEME Publication
Most developing countries continue to face severe issues in developing adequate and quick to
respond tax systems. While each of these paths to reform is necessary, in the end what 50 years of
experience tells us is that improving the precision and understanding with which fiscal issues both
within and outside government, is the really essential ingredient to developing viable and
sustainable tax systems in developing countries like India. Indian taxation system has undergone
remarkable reforms during the last decade. The tax rates have been rationalized and tax laws have
been simplified resulting in better compliance, ease of tax payment and better enforcement. The
process of validation of tax administration is ongoing in India.
Another key objective of tax reform measures has been to increase total tax to GDP ratio as a
means of achieving fiscal consolidation and improving resource allocation. GST, easier tax filing
methodology and simpler tax structures – Government of India is working to enhance the
government's revenue collection, at the same time ensuring that cumbersome taxes do not deter
investors. This paper review the three principal ways in which developing countries like India may
develop and progress their taxation systems - base-broadening, rate reduction, and administrative
improvement - in the context of the political economy of tax reform.
SOCIAL INNOVATION AND SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP - AN ELUCIDATION FOR THE PROBLE...IAEME Publication
In this paper, we addressed issues regarding the importance of social innovation (SI) and
social entrepreneurship (SE) within a society which is in a profound and rapid change and
transformation that marks all the areas of social life. The fundamental objective of the study was to
analyze the concepts of social innovation and social entrepreneurship as providers of both social
value and growth of life quality. We highlighted the inter-conditioning relationship between these
two concepts and showed the need for social innovations to respond to some challenges of the
society, such as aging, budgetary pressure and others. This paper proposes a model of social
entrepreneurship at the intersection of three sectors: state, market and civil society, in its efforts to
meet the more and more sophisticated requests of the contemporary society. Thus, the whole
society must be connected to the new innovative social models
HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY CLASSIFICATION USING TECHNOLOGIES OF COMPUTATIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Texture information is exploited for classification of HSI (Hyperspectral Imagery) at high spatial resolution. For this purpose, framework employs to LBP (Local Binary Pattern) to extract local image features such as edges, corners & spots. After the extraction of LBP feature two levels of fusions are applied along with Gabor feature & spectral feature, i.e. Feature level fusion & Decision level fusion. In Feature level fusion multiple features are concurred before pattern classification. While in decision level fusion, it works on probability output of each individual classification pipeline combines the distinct decisions into final one. Decision level fusion consists of either hard fusion, soft fusion method. In hard fusion we consider majority part & in soft fusion linear logarithmic opinion pool at probability level (LOGP). In addition to this, extreme learning machine (ELM) classifier is included which is more efficient than support vector machine (SVM), used to provide probability classification output. It has simple structure with one hidden layer & one linear output layer. ELM trained much faster than SVM.
PRODUCTION OF ALTERNATIVE FUEL USING GASIFICATION BY SYNTHESIS OF FISCHER-TRO...IAEME Publication
The solid carbonaceous fuel is converted into combustible gas (energy) using limited amount of air it is called Gasification process the gases which evolve are known as “producer gas”. This is more suitable than the direct combustion of biomass gases. In this paper an updraft gasifier is construct and is used to carry out the experiment. updraft gasifier is one of the boiler. The waste material like coconut shells, sugarcane waste, and wood particles are used for the generation of producer gas. The sense of this paper is to study the effect of waste products (coconut shells, sugarcane waste, and wood particles) in form of biomass. The performance of the gasifier is evaluated in terms of zone temperature with different air velocity. By taking the different fuels and varying the air flow rate the temperature of the zones are analysed. The arrangement of tar is also seen in this apparatus. After analysis the maximum temperature give for coconut shell (waste) all three place as compare to other two .so coconut shell is the best suitable material for this gasifier.
ANALYSIS OF NON PERFORMING ASSETS IN PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS OF INDIA IAEME Publication
The Banks being the mobiliser of finances of different sectors of economy, are expected to be
strong enough to withstand the shocks like inflation, depression etc. and to cushion the other
financial Institutions along with industries and common people against financial crisis. The Public
Sector Banks having a large stake of the Government in their Capital structure are preferred by the
commoners often. In this context, this paper tries to depict both the Gross Non Performing Asset
and Net Non Performing Asset position of Public Sector Banks in India and attempts to find
whether there is any significant difference among them. This paper also tries to show the impact of
GNPA on Net Profit of the selected banks for the last 5 years..
MIXED CONVECTIVE HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER MHD FLOW PAST AN UNSTEADY STRETCHING ...IAEME Publication
Mixed two dimensional convection heat and mass transfer flow with suction, viscous
dissipation, heat source/sink effect, mass diffusion including Soret and Dufour effects due to an
unsteady porous stretching sheet is studied in the present analysis. The flow is subjected to
magnetic field normal to the vertical plate in a saturated porous medium. The governing non-linear
partial differential equations have been reduced to ordinary differential equations using suitable
similarity transformation variables. The resultant equations which are coupled and highly nonlinear
are solved by standard Runge-Kutta fourth order numerical technique via shooting method.
The momentum, temperature and concentration field distributions are analyzed and discussed
numerically and presented pictorially through graphs. Numerical values for skin friction
coefficient, local Nusselt number and Sherwood number at the plate in the presence of magnetic
field and porous medium are derived and discussed for various values of physical parameters and
are presented in table. Finally the present results are compared with previously published results
and found to be well in agreement.
INVESTIGATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING CAPABILITIES AND...IAEME Publication
The ability to learn is a vital factor for innovator organizations. Innovation is crucial for the survival of organizations in a dynamic environment. So anticipate the impact of organizational characteristics is the utmost importance on innovation. Organizational background shows that organizational learning capability plays a vital role in the development of companies and increase innovation. This study considers the relationship between organization all earning capabilities and organizational innovation and it is lead to the conclusion that organizational learning effect on organizational innovation. The proposed model of the project as four dimensions: conversation, empiricism, risk-taking and mutual interaction with the external environment and was measured by28items.Scaleshave been validity by the results obtained of data collected from 42 food industry under the Industrial Estates in Kermanshah province.103valid questionnaires were collected and to test the research model was used by confirmed Factors analysis approach. The results showed that organizational learning capability is a significant and positive impact on organizational innovation.
COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR THE RECOGNITION OF DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL PRODUCTS WI...IAEME Publication
In the global competition environment,the companies’ areas of usage regarding derivative financial products becamewidespread and these instruments started to take an important place in theliability statements of the businesses. In terms of financial accounting, thecompanies need to reflect the usage of derivative financial products in theirfinancial statements, and in terms of administrative accounting, they searchfor methods that will facilitate the follow-ups for the performance assessmentand decision making procedures regarding the processes of large scalederivatives.
The companies making investments in thederivatives in hopes of risk management or speculation acquire mutual rightsand liabilities through the contracts they make. For the assessment andrecognition of these rights and liabilities, the standards numbered TMS 32, TMS39, TFRS 7 and TFRS 9 were published by the Public Oversight Authority ofTurkey. These standards coincide with the standards published by theInternational Accounting Standards Board (IASB).
In this study, attention is drawn to theassessment and recognition of the derivatives in line with the aforementionedstandards, and alternative solutions are discussed.
A FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR ONLINE MARKETING OF AGRICULTURAL GREENHOUSE PRODUCTS ...IAEME Publication
One third population of our country is depended on the agriculture business directly or indirectly and hence it is proven that we are an agriculture country. Having more than 30.02%1 contribution in GDP, agriculture plays the significant role in Indian economy. In last two decades everything is being converted into digital platforms globally. All industries became the digital and adopted paperless transactions. Following the same way in marketing, organizations started selling their product on e-commerce platforms. Promotion activities have started in social media like e-mail, websites, messages etc. Being understood the convenience, effectiveness and efficiency of digitalization Indian Government also launched “Digital India” scheme under which Government is promoting the use of technology in organizational function. Even though it seems somewhat inconvenient to use these types of technologies in unorganized sectors like agriculture, Government of India has announced in its “Union Budget 2016-2017 central Government stated that, the Unified Agricultural marketing e-platform will be launched for wholesale markets in India and 100% FDI to be allowed through FIPB route in marketing of food Products produced and manufactured in India. Considering these changes are going to affect the marketing and trading of agricultural products tremendously, this study is initiating the discussion regarding the possibilities of the digitalization in agricultural business.
A RESEARCH ON NON COOPERATIVE HYBRID SPECTRUM SENSING TECHNIQUEIAEME Publication
The research designed in this paper is to purpose and implement a Hybrid spectrum sensing technique. As the utilization of wireless devices has been increased, there is a great demand for the radio spectrum .Cognitive Radio is a technology which can sense the spectrum to make the efficient use of resources of spectrum. Sensing of spectrum can be done by using matched filter, energy detection, waveform based detection, cyclostationary feature. Hybrid model is implemented by taking the assumptions for the distance and the SNR value, so it does not require unnecessary time for sensing of every frequency band. Results are formulated on the bases of two parameters probability of false detection and probability of correct detection. The proposed methodology has been implemented in MATLAB and the results obtained are in the form of improvement in Throughput, Energy consumption, Accuracy and improvement in Error.
The proposed model has been found efficient when compared to the other spectrum sensing techniques. It has been proved the effective improvement in throughput is by 9.9135% .Thus the results obtained are excellent and this will definitely help researcher for the future development of Cognitive Radio.
Dirani, eid the level of collegiality ijoe v4 n1 2016 - publshed articleWilliam Kritsonis
William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982). Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Distinguished Alumnus, Central Washington University, College of Education and Professional Studies, Ellensburg, Washington; Invited Guest Lecturer, Oxford Round Table, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Hall of Honor, Prairie View A&M University/Member of the Texas A&M University System. Professor of Educational Leadership, The University of Texas of the Permian Basin.
EFFECTIVE RESOURCE SHARING WITH UNIVERSAL BASE-BAND PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY SUP...IAEME Publication
In our paper, SRAN (single radio access network technology) supports multi-band and multi-mode communication for mobile users. In this, we address the signaling impact results of various mobile bands and its spectrum utilization, resource utilization for high speed and its reduced latency model. We deployed this architecture of network using reduced space capacity and increased network resource utilization. Achievements made by simplicity of baseband board technology. This introduces an optimization problem involving a trade-off between the number of additional bands that are required and the costs of moving through the mobile field for the purpose of spectrum usage. The Basic idea is to achieve 2G, 3G and LTE communication using a single multi-band rectangular antenna. The method proposed guarantee that no further delay or latency of the network can occur during the restoration. It considers about the energy consumption and the remaining energy of base station as well as quality of links to find energy-efficient and reliable routes that increase the operational lifetime of the network. Quality of Service of the communication network is also improved in rural or hilly regions. From this, we will analyze the multimode concurrency and conclude the performance of different bands. The performance can be shown in graphical model.
VESTIGATION OF DYNAMIC INVOLVED IN DETERMINATION OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE OF KARU...IAEME Publication
An appropriate capital structure is a critical decision for any business organization to be taken
by business organization for maximization of shareholders wealth and sustained growth. The main
objectives this study was investigating the determinants of capital structure of the selected private
Bank in India. Thus, the major focus of this study was to investigate empirically firm specific factors
such as, Size, Tangibility, Profitability, Dividend Payout Ratio, Taxation, and Risk. In this study, only
secondary data was used. The data collected from the annual report published by the Bank.
AN INSIGHT INTO ATOMIC DIMENSION OF PERSONALITY AND STRESS MANAGEMENTIAEME Publication
In the contemporary business and management world, the meaning and scope of organizations have a broader meaning. Every type of organizations have their own challenges and stress factors. Similarly stress management dimensions require new outlook in the organization and organization behavior. During stress the coordination between the mind and body get unaligned. This article focuses on an atomic outlook of personality and stress handling methods.
INNER SELF-IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMS: PATHWAY TO GAIN INDEPENDENCE FROM THE DEPEND...IAEME Publication
Background - It is the movement of highly skilled and qualified people towards a country where they can work in better conditions and earn more money. It is also termed as “human capital flight” because it resembles the case of capital flight.
Objectives – The objective of the study is to analyze the causes and effects of brain drain of Nepalese students.
Methodology – Due to the specific nature of the research objectives, descriptive cum analytical research design has been used.
Findings – Brain drain is a serious problem in Nepal. It creates both a positive effect and a negative effect directly or indirectly in the economic development of the country.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DISTRIBUTED FREQUENT PATTERN MINING ALGORITHMS FOR BIG S...IAEME Publication
Association rule mining plays an important role in decision support system. Nowadays in the era of internet, various online marketing sites and social networking sites are generating enormous amount of structural/semi structural data in the form of sales data, tweets, emails, web pages and so on. This online generated data is too large that it becomes very complex to process and analyze it using traditional systems which consumes more time. This paper overcomes the main memory bottleneck in single computing system. There are two major goals of this paper. In this paper, big sales dataset of AMUL dairy is preprocessed using Hadoop Map Reduce that convert it into the transactional dataset. Then, after removing the null transactions; distributed frequent pattern mining algorithm MR-DARM (Map Reduce based Distributed Association Rule Mining) is used to find most frequent item set. Finally, strong association rules are generated from frequent item sets. The paper also compares the time efficiency of MR-DARM algorithm with existing Count Distributed Algorithm (CDA) and Fast Distributed Mining (FDM) distributed frequent pattern mining algorithms. The compared algorithms are presented together with experimental results that lead to the final conclusions.
ARE THE SERVICES DELIVERED EMPLOYABLE? A SCENARIO OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION IN ...IAEME Publication
Purpose
One of the most appalling challenges in India is persistently rising unemployment, explicitly in
the rural region. More than 20% of Indian youth between the ages of 15 and 24 years are “seeking
or available for work,” as per 2011 census data. There will be no peace and prosperity in the
country unless jobless people get appropriate channel. In India deficiency of skills is among the
main constraints for recruitment of Technical Education. Productivity of Technical Education in
not entirely absorbed due to lack of skills required by the employers. Along with the ample
arguments, taking place in recent times, regarding reformation in the productivity of Technical
Education, this present study syndicates focus on services delivered and its impact on employability
skills. The objective of this paper is to find out whether Technical Education institutes in rural part
are keen to focus on the employability skills? The paper also focuses on distinguished skills
required by the employer for recruitment. The study also emphases on the services offered by the
Institutes and their correlation on skills development.
Design methodology
A qualitative research survey through a structured questionnaire for the students who are
studying or have recently completed their Technical Education affiliated to the North Maharashtra
University, Jalgaon was conducted which is situated in rural part of India.
Findings
The study discusses umpteen employability skills and explains how embedding services of
technical education are correlated to the growth and development of employability skills. The study
finds that these services results in comprehensive and cohesiveness of employability skills.
Research limitations
The survey is delimited to the Technical Education belonging to North Maharashtra University,
Jalgaon and located in rural of India.
HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY CLASSIFICATION USING TECHNOLOGIES OF COMPUTATIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Texture information is exploited for classification of HSI (Hyperspectral Imagery) at high spatial resolution. For this purpose, framework employs to LBP (Local Binary Pattern) to extract local image features such as edges, corners & spots. After the extraction of LBP feature two levels of fusions are applied along with Gabor feature & spectral feature, i.e. Feature level fusion & Decision level fusion. In Feature level fusion multiple features are concurred before pattern classification. While in decision level fusion, it works on probability output of each individual classification pipeline combines the distinct decisions into final one. Decision level fusion consists of either hard fusion, soft fusion method. In hard fusion we consider majority part & in soft fusion linear logarithmic opinion pool at probability level (LOGP). In addition to this, extreme learning machine (ELM) classifier is included which is more efficient than support vector machine (SVM), used to provide probability classification output. It has simple structure with one hidden layer & one linear output layer. ELM trained much faster than SVM.
A STUDY ON IMPACT OF BARCODE AND RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY ON...IAEME Publication
Bar-code technology has now widespread that many customers take it for granted as this technology continues to offer infinite benefits in a wide extent of businesses. The theoretical frame work is intended to gain responses with maximum users about automation and optimization of production using Barcode and RFID; since there is a limited user of RFID, the researcher was supposed to go with barcode users only. This study observed the importance and implementation of Barcode in manufacturing industries, how it works and appreciates productivity, its influence over the manufacturing chain and about its integration among the different units and frames of this sector.
TAX REFORM FOR DEVELOPING VIABLE AND SUSTAINABLE TAX SYSTEMS IN INDIA WITH SP...IAEME Publication
Most developing countries continue to face severe issues in developing adequate and quick to
respond tax systems. While each of these paths to reform is necessary, in the end what 50 years of
experience tells us is that improving the precision and understanding with which fiscal issues both
within and outside government, is the really essential ingredient to developing viable and
sustainable tax systems in developing countries like India. Indian taxation system has undergone
remarkable reforms during the last decade. The tax rates have been rationalized and tax laws have
been simplified resulting in better compliance, ease of tax payment and better enforcement. The
process of validation of tax administration is ongoing in India.
Another key objective of tax reform measures has been to increase total tax to GDP ratio as a
means of achieving fiscal consolidation and improving resource allocation. GST, easier tax filing
methodology and simpler tax structures – Government of India is working to enhance the
government's revenue collection, at the same time ensuring that cumbersome taxes do not deter
investors. This paper review the three principal ways in which developing countries like India may
develop and progress their taxation systems - base-broadening, rate reduction, and administrative
improvement - in the context of the political economy of tax reform.
SOCIAL INNOVATION AND SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP - AN ELUCIDATION FOR THE PROBLE...IAEME Publication
In this paper, we addressed issues regarding the importance of social innovation (SI) and
social entrepreneurship (SE) within a society which is in a profound and rapid change and
transformation that marks all the areas of social life. The fundamental objective of the study was to
analyze the concepts of social innovation and social entrepreneurship as providers of both social
value and growth of life quality. We highlighted the inter-conditioning relationship between these
two concepts and showed the need for social innovations to respond to some challenges of the
society, such as aging, budgetary pressure and others. This paper proposes a model of social
entrepreneurship at the intersection of three sectors: state, market and civil society, in its efforts to
meet the more and more sophisticated requests of the contemporary society. Thus, the whole
society must be connected to the new innovative social models
HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY CLASSIFICATION USING TECHNOLOGIES OF COMPUTATIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Texture information is exploited for classification of HSI (Hyperspectral Imagery) at high spatial resolution. For this purpose, framework employs to LBP (Local Binary Pattern) to extract local image features such as edges, corners & spots. After the extraction of LBP feature two levels of fusions are applied along with Gabor feature & spectral feature, i.e. Feature level fusion & Decision level fusion. In Feature level fusion multiple features are concurred before pattern classification. While in decision level fusion, it works on probability output of each individual classification pipeline combines the distinct decisions into final one. Decision level fusion consists of either hard fusion, soft fusion method. In hard fusion we consider majority part & in soft fusion linear logarithmic opinion pool at probability level (LOGP). In addition to this, extreme learning machine (ELM) classifier is included which is more efficient than support vector machine (SVM), used to provide probability classification output. It has simple structure with one hidden layer & one linear output layer. ELM trained much faster than SVM.
PRODUCTION OF ALTERNATIVE FUEL USING GASIFICATION BY SYNTHESIS OF FISCHER-TRO...IAEME Publication
The solid carbonaceous fuel is converted into combustible gas (energy) using limited amount of air it is called Gasification process the gases which evolve are known as “producer gas”. This is more suitable than the direct combustion of biomass gases. In this paper an updraft gasifier is construct and is used to carry out the experiment. updraft gasifier is one of the boiler. The waste material like coconut shells, sugarcane waste, and wood particles are used for the generation of producer gas. The sense of this paper is to study the effect of waste products (coconut shells, sugarcane waste, and wood particles) in form of biomass. The performance of the gasifier is evaluated in terms of zone temperature with different air velocity. By taking the different fuels and varying the air flow rate the temperature of the zones are analysed. The arrangement of tar is also seen in this apparatus. After analysis the maximum temperature give for coconut shell (waste) all three place as compare to other two .so coconut shell is the best suitable material for this gasifier.
ANALYSIS OF NON PERFORMING ASSETS IN PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS OF INDIA IAEME Publication
The Banks being the mobiliser of finances of different sectors of economy, are expected to be
strong enough to withstand the shocks like inflation, depression etc. and to cushion the other
financial Institutions along with industries and common people against financial crisis. The Public
Sector Banks having a large stake of the Government in their Capital structure are preferred by the
commoners often. In this context, this paper tries to depict both the Gross Non Performing Asset
and Net Non Performing Asset position of Public Sector Banks in India and attempts to find
whether there is any significant difference among them. This paper also tries to show the impact of
GNPA on Net Profit of the selected banks for the last 5 years..
MIXED CONVECTIVE HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER MHD FLOW PAST AN UNSTEADY STRETCHING ...IAEME Publication
Mixed two dimensional convection heat and mass transfer flow with suction, viscous
dissipation, heat source/sink effect, mass diffusion including Soret and Dufour effects due to an
unsteady porous stretching sheet is studied in the present analysis. The flow is subjected to
magnetic field normal to the vertical plate in a saturated porous medium. The governing non-linear
partial differential equations have been reduced to ordinary differential equations using suitable
similarity transformation variables. The resultant equations which are coupled and highly nonlinear
are solved by standard Runge-Kutta fourth order numerical technique via shooting method.
The momentum, temperature and concentration field distributions are analyzed and discussed
numerically and presented pictorially through graphs. Numerical values for skin friction
coefficient, local Nusselt number and Sherwood number at the plate in the presence of magnetic
field and porous medium are derived and discussed for various values of physical parameters and
are presented in table. Finally the present results are compared with previously published results
and found to be well in agreement.
INVESTIGATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING CAPABILITIES AND...IAEME Publication
The ability to learn is a vital factor for innovator organizations. Innovation is crucial for the survival of organizations in a dynamic environment. So anticipate the impact of organizational characteristics is the utmost importance on innovation. Organizational background shows that organizational learning capability plays a vital role in the development of companies and increase innovation. This study considers the relationship between organization all earning capabilities and organizational innovation and it is lead to the conclusion that organizational learning effect on organizational innovation. The proposed model of the project as four dimensions: conversation, empiricism, risk-taking and mutual interaction with the external environment and was measured by28items.Scaleshave been validity by the results obtained of data collected from 42 food industry under the Industrial Estates in Kermanshah province.103valid questionnaires were collected and to test the research model was used by confirmed Factors analysis approach. The results showed that organizational learning capability is a significant and positive impact on organizational innovation.
COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR THE RECOGNITION OF DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL PRODUCTS WI...IAEME Publication
In the global competition environment,the companies’ areas of usage regarding derivative financial products becamewidespread and these instruments started to take an important place in theliability statements of the businesses. In terms of financial accounting, thecompanies need to reflect the usage of derivative financial products in theirfinancial statements, and in terms of administrative accounting, they searchfor methods that will facilitate the follow-ups for the performance assessmentand decision making procedures regarding the processes of large scalederivatives.
The companies making investments in thederivatives in hopes of risk management or speculation acquire mutual rightsand liabilities through the contracts they make. For the assessment andrecognition of these rights and liabilities, the standards numbered TMS 32, TMS39, TFRS 7 and TFRS 9 were published by the Public Oversight Authority ofTurkey. These standards coincide with the standards published by theInternational Accounting Standards Board (IASB).
In this study, attention is drawn to theassessment and recognition of the derivatives in line with the aforementionedstandards, and alternative solutions are discussed.
A FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR ONLINE MARKETING OF AGRICULTURAL GREENHOUSE PRODUCTS ...IAEME Publication
One third population of our country is depended on the agriculture business directly or indirectly and hence it is proven that we are an agriculture country. Having more than 30.02%1 contribution in GDP, agriculture plays the significant role in Indian economy. In last two decades everything is being converted into digital platforms globally. All industries became the digital and adopted paperless transactions. Following the same way in marketing, organizations started selling their product on e-commerce platforms. Promotion activities have started in social media like e-mail, websites, messages etc. Being understood the convenience, effectiveness and efficiency of digitalization Indian Government also launched “Digital India” scheme under which Government is promoting the use of technology in organizational function. Even though it seems somewhat inconvenient to use these types of technologies in unorganized sectors like agriculture, Government of India has announced in its “Union Budget 2016-2017 central Government stated that, the Unified Agricultural marketing e-platform will be launched for wholesale markets in India and 100% FDI to be allowed through FIPB route in marketing of food Products produced and manufactured in India. Considering these changes are going to affect the marketing and trading of agricultural products tremendously, this study is initiating the discussion regarding the possibilities of the digitalization in agricultural business.
A RESEARCH ON NON COOPERATIVE HYBRID SPECTRUM SENSING TECHNIQUEIAEME Publication
The research designed in this paper is to purpose and implement a Hybrid spectrum sensing technique. As the utilization of wireless devices has been increased, there is a great demand for the radio spectrum .Cognitive Radio is a technology which can sense the spectrum to make the efficient use of resources of spectrum. Sensing of spectrum can be done by using matched filter, energy detection, waveform based detection, cyclostationary feature. Hybrid model is implemented by taking the assumptions for the distance and the SNR value, so it does not require unnecessary time for sensing of every frequency band. Results are formulated on the bases of two parameters probability of false detection and probability of correct detection. The proposed methodology has been implemented in MATLAB and the results obtained are in the form of improvement in Throughput, Energy consumption, Accuracy and improvement in Error.
The proposed model has been found efficient when compared to the other spectrum sensing techniques. It has been proved the effective improvement in throughput is by 9.9135% .Thus the results obtained are excellent and this will definitely help researcher for the future development of Cognitive Radio.
Dirani, eid the level of collegiality ijoe v4 n1 2016 - publshed articleWilliam Kritsonis
William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982). Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Distinguished Alumnus, Central Washington University, College of Education and Professional Studies, Ellensburg, Washington; Invited Guest Lecturer, Oxford Round Table, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Hall of Honor, Prairie View A&M University/Member of the Texas A&M University System. Professor of Educational Leadership, The University of Texas of the Permian Basin.
At present, the existing literature shows that the factors which influence the effectiveness of virtual teams for new product development are still ambiguous. To address this problem, a research design was developed, which includes detailed literature review, preliminary model and field survey. From literature review, the factors which influence the effectiveness of virtual teams are identified and these factors are modified using a field survey. The relationship between knowledge workers (people), process and technology in virtual teams is explored in this study. The results of the study suggest that technology and process are tightly correlated and need to be considered early in virtual teams. The use of software as a service, web solution, report generator and tracking system should be incorporated for effectiveness virtual teams.
Students’ Cultural Perception towards the design of the ICDMzaharihamidon
Paper presented in an International Syposium on E-Learning (ISEL) 2005, Sabah, Malaysia
DATE: 25 – 26 July 2005
DURATION: 3 days
ORGANIZER: Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
VENUE: Promenade Hotel, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah
ABOUT THE CONFERENCE
THEME: E-learning: Towards Lifelong Learning
SUB-THEMES:
1. E-Learning concept and methodology
2. Role of Government in e-learning
3. Issues and strategies in e-learning
4. Case studies in e-learning
5. E-learning and post-graduate studies
6. E-learning products and innovations
7. E-learning and the future
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International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
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MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
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Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
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Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
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A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
2. M. Jayanthi and Dr. K.V.R. Rajandran
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1.2. Statement of the Problem
Multicultural team consists of different group of people with different backgrounds and culture. As the
culture has impact on every individual, it influences on the group behaviour, job behaviour, decision-
making process, and performance. All these processes need proper communication, when communication
becomes complex it affects the group and resulted conflicts. Conflicts create less cooperation and thereby
decrease group cohesion. Communication, conflicts, poor cooperation often leads to process losses, which
result in higher turnover and absenteeism rates (O’Reilly, 1989). The main purpose of this research paper
is to identify the challenges communication issues and conflicts faced by the multicultural team members
and its relationship with cultural diversity.
2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Campbell (2000) defines culture as a complex web of information that a person learns and which guides
each person’s perceptions, experiences and actions. It is not acceptable to proceed with the study of teams
as if its members are isolated from their cultural and national heritage (Earley and Gibson, 2002). A
Multicultural team is a group of employees selected from two or more countries who are brought together
to coordinate, develop, or manage some aspect of a firm’s global operations (Steers & Nordon, 2006). An
individual's behavior in an organization will chiefly guided by the outside society from which he or she
comes. It is impractical that individuals can have an effect of one and only culture (Schneider and Barsoux,
1997). Predominant problems in diverse team are due to communication challenges Horck (2006),
communication problems, and the effect of language or accent problem were frustration, distrust among
the participants (Ubaka, 2010). Mistrust among the participants, would slow down performance (Ubaka,
2010) and trust was more important for ensuring cooperation (Mariana, 2012). Members of multicultural
teams were less likely to trust one another (Turner, 1987) and heterogeneous group members trust less
their team member than homogeneous team members do (Rockstuhland and Ng, 2008).
3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Objective of the study: To identify the communication issues and conflicts among the multicultural team
members and effect of these challenge factors on cultural diversity.
Hypothesis of the study: Every single line drawn between the variables in SEM represent hypotheses.
H1 H0 - There is no significant impact of cultural diversity on challenge factors.
H1- There is a significant impact of cultural diversity on challenge factors.
Area of the study: IT parks at Chennai
Sources of data: Primary data were collected from the employees through direct, phone and e-mail
interviews with pretested, structured questionnaire. The secondary data were collected from various
sources like library books, journals, research papers, thesis, reports, conferences, magazines, newspapers
and web sites.
Sampling technique: Convenience sampling technique adapted for this descriptive study. Sample size was
430.
4. DATA ANALYSIS AND STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES
4.1. Statistical Techniques
The researcher performed the data analysis using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis,
validity and reliability analysis and SEM for the study with aid of IBM SPSS20 and SPSS (AMOS23).
4.2. Socio-Categorical Background of IT employees
The Socio-Categorical background of IT employees showed that out of total respondents 430, 53.7% were
male and 46.3% were female employees. It showed that majority of the employees (60.2%) were belongs
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to age group of 41-50 years followed by 21-30 years (27.9%) and 31-40 years (11.9%). Majority (53.3%)
of the employees falling under 21-30 years of experiences followed by 34% of 2-10 years experience and
12.8% of 11-20 years of experience.
4.3. Diversity Factors that Affect Multicultural Team Members in IT Sector
Sub-scale items of cultural diversity impact were cultural diversity (CD1) influences multicultural team,
cultural diversity does have impact on (CD2) group behaviour (LaFromboise et al., 1993), (CD3) job
behaviour (Harris and Moran, 1987), (CD4) decision-making process and (CD5) influences performance
(Deresky, 2002). Communication is the major challenge (COM1) of multicultural team members
(Jarvenpaa and Leidner, 1999), communication challenges (COM2) leads to conflicts (Tian and Borges,
2011), communication influences (COM3) decision-making process (Cabrera and Soto, 2010),
communication influences (COM4) the knowledge sharing (Lauring & Selmer, 2011), communication
problems (COM5) reduces performances (Lauring & Selmer, 2011) were subscale items of communication
dimension. A conflict factor consists of cultural difference creates conflicts (CON1) among team members
(Pelled, 1996), (CON2) conflicts lead to poor performance (Pelled, 1996), (CON3) conflicts lead to poor
decision-making process (Tse, 1988), (CON4) conflicts lead to poor coordination (Herbsleb and Mockus,
2003) and (CON5) conflicts lead to poor cooperation (Karjalainen & Soparnot, 2012).
4.4. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)
Exploratory factor analysis extraction was done using principal axis factoring and rotation was done using
Promax with Kaiser Normalization (Ford, MacCallum and Tait, 1986).
Table 1 Exploratory factor analysis
Pattern Matrixa
Factor
1 2 3
CD1 .923
CD2 .712
CD3 .944
CD4 .632
CD5 .911
COM1 .916
COM2 .649
COM3 .955
COM4 .562
COM5 .847
CON1 .911
CON2 .589
CON3 .555
CON4 .915
CON5 .631
The percentage of the total item variance for model was explained by 70.83%. The variance value was
more than the recommended value of 60% indicated the further EFA can be done. A significant (p<0.05)
KMO value 0.755, Chi-square value 7629.237 with df 190 arrived using KMO test. A significant result
(Sig. < 0.05) of KMO value more than 0.6 indicated that variables were related to one another and
meaningful EFA could be performed. The Table 1 described the items loaded after the factor analysis. All
the items are exactly loaded to the corresponding factor shows that all the items can be retained for further
study. Ford et al., (1986) suggested that factor loadings more than 0.40 criterion levels appear to be
meaningful. As all the factor loading values are more than 0.4 and loaded to their relevant scales all these
15 items were retained for the further studies.
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4.5. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA)
Confirmatory factor analysis explained the a priori relationships and distinctions among variables or scales.
In addition, goodness of fit of items needs to be measured using confirmatory factor analysis (Gaskin,
2016). The recommended threshold values for goodness of fit are cmin/df<3, p-value >.05, CFI>.95,
GFI>.95, AGFI>.80 RMR<.09 RMSEA<.05 or .08 and PCLOSE>.05 (Hu and Bentler (1999). Table 2
described the confirmatory factor analysis result. CFA values for the structural equation model was
cmin/df=1.288, p-value=0.043, CFI=0.996, GFI=0.970, AGFI=0.954 RMR=0.015, RMSEA=0.027 and
PCLOSE= 0.999. Insignificant p value (p>0.001) with all other values satisfied the required threshold
values showed that model had goodness of fit.
Table 2 Fit statistics of Measurement Model
Fit statistic CMIN/DF P CFI GFI AGFI RMR RMSEA PCLOSE
Recommended <3 >.05 >.95 >.95 >.80 <.09 <.05 >.05
Model fit 1.288 0.043 0.996 0.970 0.954 0.015 0.027 0.999
4.6. Validity and Reliability
The Table 3 shows the result of validity and reliability test. Reliability of the variables was tested using
Cronbach’s alpha method. Nunnally (1978) suggested that value more than 0.7 shows good internal
consistency. As the entire alpha values are more than 0.7, it confirmed the good internal consistency of the
variables corresponding to their construct. Convergent validity is arrived when all AVE values are more
than 0.5 (Hair et.al, 2010). The Table 3 showed that AVE for all the constructs was more than 0.5 and
established the convergent validity. Discriminant validity was arrived using inter- construct correlations. If
square root of AVE greater than inter-construct correlations then it establishes discriminate validity
(Malhotra and Dash, 2011). Table 3 showed that square root of AVE is greater than all other values.
Hence, reliability, convergent validity and discriminant validly supported the establishment of model.
Table 3 Validity and Reliability table
CR AVE MSV MaxR(H) CD CON COM
CD 0.907 0.674 0.017 0.996 0.821
CON 0.836 0.530 0.017 0.997 0.131 0.728
COM 0.886 0.625 0.002 0.998 0.048 -0.010 0.790
4.7. Structural Equation Model
Measurement model was converted into structural model. Keeping cultural diversity as a dependent
variable and challenges factors as independent variables structural equation model was developed using
AMOS 23. All lines connecting all the latent variables are indicating hypothesis. Using SEM proposed
hypothesis were tested. The full structural equation model was measured and the hypotheses to be tested
related to the pattern of causal structure linking with latent variables were done.
4.7.1 Fit statistics of structural equation model
Structural model’s validity was established as it was done for the measurement model. A new
covariance matrix was computed for SEM. Measurement model is different from the SEM, since the
measurement model constructs are correlated, where as for structural model the relationships were
assumed zero. Table 6 shows the fit indices of the structural model. As all the values are satisfying the
prerequisite of threshold values, it shows that model has goodness of fit. Hence, it confirms that the
proposed research model fits the data well.
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Table 4 Fit statistics of SEM
Fit statistic CMIN/DF P CFI GFI AGFI RMR RMSEA PCLOSE
Recommended <3 >.05 >.95 >.95 >.80 <.09 <.05 >.05
SEM Fit 1.314 0.032 0.996 0.970 0.954 0.015 0.027 0.999
CFA values for the structural equation model was cmin/df=1.314, p-value=0.032, CFI=0.996,
GFI=0.970, AGFI=0.954 RMR=0.015, RMSEA=0.027 and PCLOSE= 0.999. Insignificant p value
(p>0.001) with all other values satisfied the required threshold values showed that model had goodness of
fit.
4.8. Hypothesis Testing
The hypothesized research model revealed good fit with observed data. Standardised regression weights
with significance at p< 0.001 provided support to the hypotheses proposed. The Table 5 described the
standardized regression weights and hypotheses results. The Table 5 described the path coefficient of
cultural diversity impact with (CD1) cultural diversity influences multicultural team (0.964), (CD2)
cultural diversity does have impact on group behaviour (573), (CD3) job behaviour (0.999), (CD4)
decision-making process (0.511) and (CD5) influences performance (0.909) were with a high significance
P-value (P<0.001). Highly significant positive direct effect of cultural diversity impact on its subscale
items showed that multicultural team members had impact of cultural diversity on the team members. The
Table 5 described the path coefficient of communication issues with (COM1) major challenges (0.951),
(COM2) leads to conflicts (0.558), (COM3) influences decision-making (0.996), (COM4) influences
knowledge sharing (0.489) and (COM5) reduces performances (0.822) are with a high significance P-value
(P<0.001). Highly significant positive direct effect of communication issues on its subscale items showed
that multicultural team members had experienced communication issues.
Table 5 Standardised Regression Weights, P-values, and null hypotheses
Hypothesis paths Estimate R2 S.E. C.R. P H0
CD1 <--- CD 0.964 0.93 Rejected
CD2 <--- CD 0.573 0.328 0.039 13.992 *** Rejected
CD3 <--- CD 0.999 0.998 0.015 67.913 *** Rejected
CD4 <--- CD 0.511 0.261 0.045 12.131 *** Rejected
CD5 <--- CD 0.909 0.826 0.023 38.734 *** Rejected
COM1 <--- COM 0.951 0.905 0.045 27.017 *** Rejected
COM2 <--- COM 0.558 0.312 0.052 13.438 *** Rejected
COM3 <--- COM 0.996 0.993 0.044 28.487 *** Rejected
COM4 <--- COM 0.489 0.239 0.056 10.797 *** Rejected
COM5 <--- COM 0.822 0.676 Rejected
CON1 <--- CON 0.959 0.92 0.100 14.752 *** Rejected
CON2 <--- CON 0.524 0.274 0.088 9.666 *** Rejected
CON3 <--- CON 0.423 0.179 0.070 9.188 *** Rejected
CON4 <--- CON 0.956 0.914 0.103 14.752 *** Rejected
CON5 <--- CON 0.603 0.364 Rejected
CD <--- COM 0.048
0.019
0.060 0.991 0.321 Not Rejected
CD <--- CON 0.130 0.069 2.617 0.009 Not Rejected
The Table 5 showed the path coefficient of cultural difference conflicts with (CON1) interpersonal
conflicts (0.959), (CON2) poor performance (0.524), (CON3) decision-making process (0.423), (CON4)
poor coordination (0.956) and (CON5) poor cooperation (0.603) were with a high significance P-value
(P<0.001). Highly significant positive direct effect of cultural difference conflicts on its subscale items
showed that multicultural team members had experienced cultural difference conflict issues.
6. M. Jayanthi and Dr. K.V.R. Rajandran
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The Table 5 further showed the path coefficients between cultural diversity impact with
communication issues and conflicts. Both the hypothesised relationship between cultural diversity with
communication issues and conflicts were insignificant. The insignificant values between cultural diversity
and challenges factors showed that there was a need of mediating variable between these latent variables.
Therefore, a mediator nonverbal communication issues was implicated between communication issues and
cultural diversity. Similarly, lack of cultural of cultural knowledge was implicated as mediators between
conflicts and cultural diversity.
Figure 1 Structural Equation Model
Further, the modified structural equation model was subjected to CFA and confirmed the model fit.
After the mediation analysis, the result showed that there was an indirect positive effect of communication
issues on cultural diversity and indirect positive effect of conflicts on cultural diversity. Further
bootstrapping was done to measure the indirect effect of challenge variables on cultural diversity and its
significance. It showed that communication issues had significant indirect positive effect (0.345, p<0.001,)
on cultural diversity and conflicts had significant indirect positive effect (0.450, p<0.001) on cultural
diversity with R2
value of 0.211. Thus, it supported the hypothesis that cultural diversity had significant
impact on challenges factors. Fig.1 depicted the structural model of multicultural team challenges.
5. CONCLUSION
Cultural diversity factors exist everywhere at different levels and influences every individuals. The present
study about the challenges of multicultural teams revealed that the cultural diversity influences
multicultural teams. Cultural diversity impact on job behaviour, group behaviour, performance and
decision-making processes were significantly apparent. This finding is in line with cultural and national
variables effects on work behavior (Harris and Moran, 1987) and cultural diversity influences performance
(Cox, 1991).
The hypothesis analysis disclosed that communication issues were major challenges of multicultural
teams. It leads to conflicts, influences decision-making, influences knowledge sharing and reduces
performances were significantly visible. This finding confirmed that predominant problems in diverse team
were due to communication challenges (Theotokas and Progoulaki, 2007) and communication difficulties
were the main drawback of mixed nationality crew (Kahveci and Sampson, 2001). It is significant that
conflicts create interpersonal conflicts, conflict is negative on performances, it reduces coordination,
cooperation and it influences decision-making process. This finding is in line with the previous study of
Gupta et.al (2002) that conflicts in international management frequently arise out of cultural differences
7. A Study on Challenges of Multicultural Team Members of IT Sector
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and cultural diversity leads to misunderstandings, conflict, and mistrust (Steers & Nardon, 2006). The
analysis revealed that multicultural team members experienced challenges due to cultural diversity.
Communication challenges and conflicts had significant indirect effect on cultural diversity. Conflicts had
higher influences (0.450) on cultural diversity than communication issues (0.354) for this study.
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