This article proposes a model of factors that can influence franchise operations. It identifies four key factors: individual, network, environmental, and financial. The model is intended to help franchise networks monitor and manage franchise unit activities. The article reviews literature on why potential franchisees choose particular franchise systems and what resources they seek. It also discusses the two moments franchisees experience - before operating when researching and signing contracts, and after operating when daily business factors exert pressure. The proposed model aims to provide a conceptual framework for understanding influential factors throughout a franchisee's involvement with a network.
Tips For Writing An Effective Essay - TechicyAngie Jorgensen
Here are a few key circumstances where calling in the military to support domestic emergencies may be warranted:
- Terrorism or other attacks on U.S. soil. As we saw on 9/11, the military can provide critical support to civil authorities in responding to large-scale terrorist attacks through capabilities like transport, medical aid, security.
- Natural disasters that overwhelm local/state response capabilities. Devastating hurricanes, earthquakes, wildfires etc. may require military logistical assistance for search and rescue, supply delivery, infrastructure repair.
- Public health emergencies. A major pandemic flu or other health crisis could potentially require military medical and logistical support to distribute aid and expand treatment capacity.
abhiorganization with poor ethical values at an organizational l.docxSALU18
abhi
organization with poor ethical values at an organizational level. The following are some of the factors that help in the determination of the top tone in an organization.
Factors Influencing Tone at the Top
Marketing Communication
Marketing communication refers to the different modes of marketing techniques used by a company to advertise their products and services to the target consumers. To exemplify corporate ethics at an organizational level, a corporation should educate potential consumers about their products without making any false or exaggerated claims or exploiting public emotions, fears of and discriminations to attract customers or to avail of competitive advantage.
Financial Reporting
Financial reporting is the process through which corporations disclose their financial information to their shareholders, governing authorities and the general public. While most government agencies and corporate associations mandate companies to disclose their financial information such as yearly turnovers, assets, liabilities, investments and donations on a quarterly or fiscal basis, there have been various scandals in the past, in which large corporations have concealed or manipulated financial data in reports to achieve organizational objectives. Such was the case of Boeing in 1997 when the company concealed huge financial overruns. To implement a positive tone at the top, an organization needs to conduct truthful and accurate financial reporting regardless of the circumstances (Lord, 2018).
Leadership
The nature of leadership shown by the managers of an organization determine the employees’ perception of the the internal environment of the corporation, which in turn contributes to the overall tone at the top. To enhance ethics in the work culture, leaders should not only observe, supervise and help employees at their jobs but should also show dedicated and organizational attitude. For example, leaders need to take responsibility for collective mistakes and risks that may arise in the course of any operation (Yasir and Mohamad, 2016). Moreover, transformational leadership is a great way to establish an ethical work culture, whereby leaders show interest in employees’ issues and work towards the benefit of both employees and organizations to encourage workers in achieving organizational goals.
Corporate Philanthropy
Corporate philanthropy refers to the contribution of corporations towards social and environmental causes through donations and sponsorship. In order to achieve a positive tone at the top, corporations need to perform philanthropy as a burden of social responsibility and not as a marketing strategy.
nav
Usually, the top at the tone is really been hearing in many different places within business organizations however, most of men and women have no crystal-clear concept towards them. Some people assume that this tone at the top is the principle that had really been created in the workplace to generate or current en.
Running head STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGIC COMPETITIVEN.docxtoltonkendal
Running head: STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGIC COMPETITIVENESS
6
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGIC COMPETITIVENESS
Strategic Management and Strategic Cmpetitiveness
KaToya Jones
Dr. Wanda Tillman
Business Administration Capstone
January 14, 2018
Introduction
Strategic competitiveness is gained when an organization successfully establishes as well as implements a value-creating approach. In this perspective, strategy refers to a cohesive and coordinated combination of commitments and also to mention actions developed to exploit primary competencies in order to gain a competitive advantage (Hitt, Ireland, & Artz, 1999). This occurs when a firm implements a strategy unique from that of competitors giving them leverage. As a result, the firm is able to ensure above average returns and satisfy investor’s expectations from other investments with a common likelihood of risk. This paper will focus on Twitter, Inc to examine how globalization and advancement in technology have impacted the company. Further, applying the industrial organization model and resource-based model I will explore how the company could earn more profits, analyze how both the vision and the statement of the company impact its overall triumph and lastly investigate how Twitter’s stakeholders impact on the its overall success.
How globalization and technology changed Twitter Inc.
The modern world is transforming into a time of technological invention. Existence of new innovations on top of the available technological resources is such a remarkable achievement. As it improves, it as well spreads to other parts of the world. In this case the global spread of innovations it avails vast connections which consequently creates new markets across the world. Focusing on social media, it is one of those tools that can easily be exploited by those who are connected. Basically, as access is gained on a larger scale, it avails multiple market opportunities to those outsourcing ideas. In today’s world, the use of social media has revolutionized out society. Basing this on real life events various social media platforms have contributed to activism. This, however, has been criticized by many but the point is that social media is revolutionizing the world. Therefore, there’s no doubt that the present as well as the future transformation will still use social media. This is because social media platforms capture considerable large audience within a short period of time. In this case, the widespread of social media platforms such as Twitter; the company growth cannot be stopped.
Globalization and technology have contributed to the consistent growth of the company. For instance, according to Complete the micro-blogging sites recorded 23 million unique users with an increased growth (Java et al, 2007, August). This does not include the large number of people that do not visit Twitter.com but instead use third party service to update. Focusing on the trend the company hopes to h ...
This syllabus outlines a course on strategic franchising that will explore issues related to franchising from the franchisor's perspective. Topics to be covered include rapid growth, capital leverage, identifying franchisee candidates, and managing the franchise relationship. The course will use case studies and discussions to examine questions like whether to franchise, how to select franchisees, setting fees and standards, and international expansion. Students will be evaluated based on class participation and a final exam.
Week 8 Assignment 3 - Submit Here
Students, please view the "Submit a Clickable Rubric Assignment" in the Student Center.
Instructors, training on how to grade is within the Instructor Center.
Assignment 3: Pay, Benefits, and Terms and Conditions of Employment
Due Week 8 and worth 300 points
It is your responsibility as the HR Director of the same organization from Assignment 2 to a) create policies regarding pay and benefits for the selected job opportunity, and b) develop methods for both addressing unionization and implementing OSHA regulations. You will present your findings to the Vice President of Human Resources for approval.
In preparation for this assignment, review the following articles on contractors vs. employees and temp workers:
·
Bier, Ellin & Tucker: Distinguishing Between Independent Contractors and Employees
·
Murray: Difference Between Independent Contractors and Employees
· “
The Expendables: How the Temps Who Power Corporate Giants Are Getting Crushed
”
Create a PowerPoint presentation with fifteen to twenty (15-20) slides in which you:
1. Create a Wage and Hour standard for the job opportunity that you had selected in Assignment 2, and support your standard by using the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) and Equal Pay Act to prevent any potential discriminatory impact.
2. Decide on three (3) benefits required for the job opportunity using ERISA. Propose two (2) methods that the employer can use in order to manage the fiduciary duties wisely and with the employees’ best interests in mind. Provide a rationale for your response.
3. Elaborate on two (2) rights regarding unionization that Section 7 of the NLRA guarantees. Next, examine two (2) unfair labor practices, and argue the importance of your organization refraining from using such practices during any self-organization and collective bargaining activities. Explore two (2) potential repercussions of an organization’s interference with self-organization and collective bargaining practices.
4. Propose three (3) ways to discourage employees from considering unionization. Then, compose one (1) strategy for championing a supportive and satisfying work environment within the organization.
5. Select one (1) OSHA violation case, and determine whether the resulting penalties were sufficient to deter the organization in question from repeating the same violative action. Justify your response.
6. Outline a plan for investigating workplace injuries, and formulate a policy that explains the process for filing a worker’s compensation claim within the selected organization.
7. Narrate each slide, using a microphone, and indicate what you would say if you were actually presenting in front of an audience.
8. Use at least three (3) quality academic resources in this assignment.
Note
: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
· Format the PowerPoint presentation with headings on e ...
Strayer University - OnlineHRM-510 Business Employment Law .docxdarwinming1
Strayer University - Online
HRM-510: Business Employment Law
August 12, 2018
The Hiring Process and Managing a Diverse Workforce
As the HR Director of my association, I must utilize an assortment of business laws to build arrangements and techniques that help the advancement of a decent variety in the work environment. My present association is looking for an Executive Administrative Assistant who will work intimately with an answer to the Chief Legal Officer. My organization obviously, empowers everybody who is keen on the situation to apply as we are at last looking to enlist the best individual for the position. As the HR Director, I have seen a few episodes that finished with legitimate activity because specific business laws were not utilized while making the association’s enrollment strategies and application process. I must guarantee that I shield the association from lawful repercussions, as well as devise compelling strategies and plans that secure potential and existing representatives. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Americans Disabilities Acts are just a couple of the fundamental laws that add to the work laws that are expected of bosses to use amid all phases of the enlisting procedure.
Enrollment or Employment Methods
Conveying the accessibility of business chances to work searchers is the initial phase in the enrollment procedure. It is critical that business laws are remembered when creating enrollment techniques for an association. As the HR Director, I have chosen that the best and best enrollment strategies for my association are 1) Social Media 2) Job Advertisements and 3) Employment/Recruitment Agencies.
Online networking has assumed control over this age and is associating individuals in more routes than one. Numerous associations are bouncing on the online networking fleeting trend and have begun their own Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter accounts. More professionally, there are internet-based life organizing locales particularly for job seekers like
LinkedIn, Monster, Indeed, among others. These can be utilized as incredible selecting apparatuses because they are not that costly, and they can achieve an awesome measure of individuals in a short measure of time. Notwithstanding publicizing work openings, web-based life gives the association another approach to check data given by the candidate. Being dynamic via web-based networking media administrations like Twitter enables you to 'meet' potential competitors from multiple points of view: through shared associations, through shared talk subjects, and because it's simple for work searchers to get in touch with you. A fourth of UK organizations are enlisting using expert systems administration locales like LinkedIn.
Your internet-based life movement likewise extends your boss image, indicating hopefuls what your authoritative culture resembles. That is incredible for drawing in top ability, accepting your way of life is great. It works the other much as ...
Feedback from peersThanks so much for your response. Very welChereCheek752
Feedback from peers
“Thanks so much for your response. Very well done!
I like the competitive forces model and the broad factor analysis which are models that other students have not really discussed.
All of these models can add value. The important thing if the company has the resources in an ideal world is perhaps use both models or multiple models.
If you know anything about research if you do different types of research focused on the same topic and come up with the same answers then you know you've done a good job!”
__________________________
“Great post, I enjoyed reading about the competitive forces model and the broad factors analysis. I agree with you that this is a great tool to use to include the internal and external factors. Politics should certainly be understood before entering into a foreign country and setting up camp. Learning about the macro-environmental factors would indeed need to be known to understand the impact of the environmental surroundings of where you would intend to expand globally (Corporate Finance Institute, 2021).
The competitive forces model is also extremely pertinent as you mention. Knowing the competition and the current market is crucial to the success of the organization. I appreciate that you talk about how difficult entry gives you a competitive advantage. I don't know if I understood that before, but you make a very good point in that regard. So with the difficult entry the contract agreement, is longer and there are better benefits offered? “
__________________________
PEER Discussion post
After reviewing the response of Deborah, I also collaborate with her opinion that there are still more positive ideas that can lead to improvements in the global market planning strategies. The adoption of technology can lead to various promotions in conjunction with the local production at the international business. Different decisions made by the stakeholders are mostly triggered by the level of competition that exists on the organization's premises. Moreover, the present-day global competition entails some aspects which evaluate the market share. On most occasions, several organization strategies, including the multinational rivals, do not differ looking at the approaches, productivity, and experience.
Following the previous meeting with Deborah, I learned various aspects which as a team, we should all bear in mind, and these aspects entail the most suitable approaches concerning the movement in connection with more formal analysis (Harrison, Freitas, Drinnan, Campos, Masci, di Maria & Whitaker, 2019). With the traditional analysis approaches, one can better understand because the visual elements pictorial are always running in one's mind. Although the formal analysis aspect takes much or longer time to express certain information, it provides evaluations and definitions which don't require clerical explanations (Turkmen, den Hartog, Ranise, & Zannone, 2017).
Following the Tiffany and mike suggestion ...
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS2EXTERNAL AND INTER.docxgitagrimston
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS 2
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS 12
External and Internal Environmental Analysis
UNIVERSITY OF PHOENIX
STR/581
Running head: EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS 1
External and Internal Environmental Analysis
Weight Loss Singles Dating Agency is an online dating service tailored to provide companionship services to individuals over the age of 18 who have undergone any form of weight loss surgery. For effective strategic formulation of implementing this new business, it is critical that the company’s external and internal environmental environments are analyzed to ensure competitive advantage is achieved. The following is the analysis of the external and internal environments for the company, its competitive position and possibilities as well as the organizational structure and impact on the organizational performance.
Environmental Analysis
To perform an efficient external and internal environmental analysis it is imperative that the researcher scrutinize all factors affecting implementation of the proposed business. These factors include:
· Evaluate strategic position of Weight Loss Singles Dating Agency
· Assess the online dating market
· Assess proposed business of online dating industry
· Assess the competition
External Environmental Analysis
To provide conclusions needed for successful implementation the researcher will commence with external environmental investigation. Major factors to explore include:
· Barriers to entry
· Threats of new entrants
· Threats of substitutes
· Rivalry between existing firms and
· The power of buyers and suppliers
Barriers to Entry
The company will have very few competitors in contention. Currently, the researcher has discovered that a strong brand recognition does not currently exist as this is a relatively new niche market. Start-up costs will be kept at a minimum as investors will also provide employee assistance in operations. However, increased proposed regulations on the online dating industry will prove to be a challenge when implementing the business model. Currently the industry is not regulated by Federal law, but many US states have proposed bills in legislature to increase protection of users on online dating sites through mandating background checks of all customers (Internet Business Law Services, 2015).
To ensure that barriers to entry will be kept at a minimum the organization will foster a third party association with an outside research firm. This partnership will aid in the determination of illegitimate online dating companies as a strategy for ensuring privacy and integrity concerns (Marsden, 2010). The company will also apply for membership with organizations such as Online Dating Association and Global Dating Insights for the purpose of being recognized as a legitimate business that takes responsibility to maintain high standards in the industry (The Online Dating Association, 2015). This ...
Tips For Writing An Effective Essay - TechicyAngie Jorgensen
Here are a few key circumstances where calling in the military to support domestic emergencies may be warranted:
- Terrorism or other attacks on U.S. soil. As we saw on 9/11, the military can provide critical support to civil authorities in responding to large-scale terrorist attacks through capabilities like transport, medical aid, security.
- Natural disasters that overwhelm local/state response capabilities. Devastating hurricanes, earthquakes, wildfires etc. may require military logistical assistance for search and rescue, supply delivery, infrastructure repair.
- Public health emergencies. A major pandemic flu or other health crisis could potentially require military medical and logistical support to distribute aid and expand treatment capacity.
abhiorganization with poor ethical values at an organizational l.docxSALU18
abhi
organization with poor ethical values at an organizational level. The following are some of the factors that help in the determination of the top tone in an organization.
Factors Influencing Tone at the Top
Marketing Communication
Marketing communication refers to the different modes of marketing techniques used by a company to advertise their products and services to the target consumers. To exemplify corporate ethics at an organizational level, a corporation should educate potential consumers about their products without making any false or exaggerated claims or exploiting public emotions, fears of and discriminations to attract customers or to avail of competitive advantage.
Financial Reporting
Financial reporting is the process through which corporations disclose their financial information to their shareholders, governing authorities and the general public. While most government agencies and corporate associations mandate companies to disclose their financial information such as yearly turnovers, assets, liabilities, investments and donations on a quarterly or fiscal basis, there have been various scandals in the past, in which large corporations have concealed or manipulated financial data in reports to achieve organizational objectives. Such was the case of Boeing in 1997 when the company concealed huge financial overruns. To implement a positive tone at the top, an organization needs to conduct truthful and accurate financial reporting regardless of the circumstances (Lord, 2018).
Leadership
The nature of leadership shown by the managers of an organization determine the employees’ perception of the the internal environment of the corporation, which in turn contributes to the overall tone at the top. To enhance ethics in the work culture, leaders should not only observe, supervise and help employees at their jobs but should also show dedicated and organizational attitude. For example, leaders need to take responsibility for collective mistakes and risks that may arise in the course of any operation (Yasir and Mohamad, 2016). Moreover, transformational leadership is a great way to establish an ethical work culture, whereby leaders show interest in employees’ issues and work towards the benefit of both employees and organizations to encourage workers in achieving organizational goals.
Corporate Philanthropy
Corporate philanthropy refers to the contribution of corporations towards social and environmental causes through donations and sponsorship. In order to achieve a positive tone at the top, corporations need to perform philanthropy as a burden of social responsibility and not as a marketing strategy.
nav
Usually, the top at the tone is really been hearing in many different places within business organizations however, most of men and women have no crystal-clear concept towards them. Some people assume that this tone at the top is the principle that had really been created in the workplace to generate or current en.
Running head STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGIC COMPETITIVEN.docxtoltonkendal
Running head: STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGIC COMPETITIVENESS
6
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGIC COMPETITIVENESS
Strategic Management and Strategic Cmpetitiveness
KaToya Jones
Dr. Wanda Tillman
Business Administration Capstone
January 14, 2018
Introduction
Strategic competitiveness is gained when an organization successfully establishes as well as implements a value-creating approach. In this perspective, strategy refers to a cohesive and coordinated combination of commitments and also to mention actions developed to exploit primary competencies in order to gain a competitive advantage (Hitt, Ireland, & Artz, 1999). This occurs when a firm implements a strategy unique from that of competitors giving them leverage. As a result, the firm is able to ensure above average returns and satisfy investor’s expectations from other investments with a common likelihood of risk. This paper will focus on Twitter, Inc to examine how globalization and advancement in technology have impacted the company. Further, applying the industrial organization model and resource-based model I will explore how the company could earn more profits, analyze how both the vision and the statement of the company impact its overall triumph and lastly investigate how Twitter’s stakeholders impact on the its overall success.
How globalization and technology changed Twitter Inc.
The modern world is transforming into a time of technological invention. Existence of new innovations on top of the available technological resources is such a remarkable achievement. As it improves, it as well spreads to other parts of the world. In this case the global spread of innovations it avails vast connections which consequently creates new markets across the world. Focusing on social media, it is one of those tools that can easily be exploited by those who are connected. Basically, as access is gained on a larger scale, it avails multiple market opportunities to those outsourcing ideas. In today’s world, the use of social media has revolutionized out society. Basing this on real life events various social media platforms have contributed to activism. This, however, has been criticized by many but the point is that social media is revolutionizing the world. Therefore, there’s no doubt that the present as well as the future transformation will still use social media. This is because social media platforms capture considerable large audience within a short period of time. In this case, the widespread of social media platforms such as Twitter; the company growth cannot be stopped.
Globalization and technology have contributed to the consistent growth of the company. For instance, according to Complete the micro-blogging sites recorded 23 million unique users with an increased growth (Java et al, 2007, August). This does not include the large number of people that do not visit Twitter.com but instead use third party service to update. Focusing on the trend the company hopes to h ...
This syllabus outlines a course on strategic franchising that will explore issues related to franchising from the franchisor's perspective. Topics to be covered include rapid growth, capital leverage, identifying franchisee candidates, and managing the franchise relationship. The course will use case studies and discussions to examine questions like whether to franchise, how to select franchisees, setting fees and standards, and international expansion. Students will be evaluated based on class participation and a final exam.
Week 8 Assignment 3 - Submit Here
Students, please view the "Submit a Clickable Rubric Assignment" in the Student Center.
Instructors, training on how to grade is within the Instructor Center.
Assignment 3: Pay, Benefits, and Terms and Conditions of Employment
Due Week 8 and worth 300 points
It is your responsibility as the HR Director of the same organization from Assignment 2 to a) create policies regarding pay and benefits for the selected job opportunity, and b) develop methods for both addressing unionization and implementing OSHA regulations. You will present your findings to the Vice President of Human Resources for approval.
In preparation for this assignment, review the following articles on contractors vs. employees and temp workers:
·
Bier, Ellin & Tucker: Distinguishing Between Independent Contractors and Employees
·
Murray: Difference Between Independent Contractors and Employees
· “
The Expendables: How the Temps Who Power Corporate Giants Are Getting Crushed
”
Create a PowerPoint presentation with fifteen to twenty (15-20) slides in which you:
1. Create a Wage and Hour standard for the job opportunity that you had selected in Assignment 2, and support your standard by using the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) and Equal Pay Act to prevent any potential discriminatory impact.
2. Decide on three (3) benefits required for the job opportunity using ERISA. Propose two (2) methods that the employer can use in order to manage the fiduciary duties wisely and with the employees’ best interests in mind. Provide a rationale for your response.
3. Elaborate on two (2) rights regarding unionization that Section 7 of the NLRA guarantees. Next, examine two (2) unfair labor practices, and argue the importance of your organization refraining from using such practices during any self-organization and collective bargaining activities. Explore two (2) potential repercussions of an organization’s interference with self-organization and collective bargaining practices.
4. Propose three (3) ways to discourage employees from considering unionization. Then, compose one (1) strategy for championing a supportive and satisfying work environment within the organization.
5. Select one (1) OSHA violation case, and determine whether the resulting penalties were sufficient to deter the organization in question from repeating the same violative action. Justify your response.
6. Outline a plan for investigating workplace injuries, and formulate a policy that explains the process for filing a worker’s compensation claim within the selected organization.
7. Narrate each slide, using a microphone, and indicate what you would say if you were actually presenting in front of an audience.
8. Use at least three (3) quality academic resources in this assignment.
Note
: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
· Format the PowerPoint presentation with headings on e ...
Strayer University - OnlineHRM-510 Business Employment Law .docxdarwinming1
Strayer University - Online
HRM-510: Business Employment Law
August 12, 2018
The Hiring Process and Managing a Diverse Workforce
As the HR Director of my association, I must utilize an assortment of business laws to build arrangements and techniques that help the advancement of a decent variety in the work environment. My present association is looking for an Executive Administrative Assistant who will work intimately with an answer to the Chief Legal Officer. My organization obviously, empowers everybody who is keen on the situation to apply as we are at last looking to enlist the best individual for the position. As the HR Director, I have seen a few episodes that finished with legitimate activity because specific business laws were not utilized while making the association’s enrollment strategies and application process. I must guarantee that I shield the association from lawful repercussions, as well as devise compelling strategies and plans that secure potential and existing representatives. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Americans Disabilities Acts are just a couple of the fundamental laws that add to the work laws that are expected of bosses to use amid all phases of the enlisting procedure.
Enrollment or Employment Methods
Conveying the accessibility of business chances to work searchers is the initial phase in the enrollment procedure. It is critical that business laws are remembered when creating enrollment techniques for an association. As the HR Director, I have chosen that the best and best enrollment strategies for my association are 1) Social Media 2) Job Advertisements and 3) Employment/Recruitment Agencies.
Online networking has assumed control over this age and is associating individuals in more routes than one. Numerous associations are bouncing on the online networking fleeting trend and have begun their own Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter accounts. More professionally, there are internet-based life organizing locales particularly for job seekers like
LinkedIn, Monster, Indeed, among others. These can be utilized as incredible selecting apparatuses because they are not that costly, and they can achieve an awesome measure of individuals in a short measure of time. Notwithstanding publicizing work openings, web-based life gives the association another approach to check data given by the candidate. Being dynamic via web-based networking media administrations like Twitter enables you to 'meet' potential competitors from multiple points of view: through shared associations, through shared talk subjects, and because it's simple for work searchers to get in touch with you. A fourth of UK organizations are enlisting using expert systems administration locales like LinkedIn.
Your internet-based life movement likewise extends your boss image, indicating hopefuls what your authoritative culture resembles. That is incredible for drawing in top ability, accepting your way of life is great. It works the other much as ...
Feedback from peersThanks so much for your response. Very welChereCheek752
Feedback from peers
“Thanks so much for your response. Very well done!
I like the competitive forces model and the broad factor analysis which are models that other students have not really discussed.
All of these models can add value. The important thing if the company has the resources in an ideal world is perhaps use both models or multiple models.
If you know anything about research if you do different types of research focused on the same topic and come up with the same answers then you know you've done a good job!”
__________________________
“Great post, I enjoyed reading about the competitive forces model and the broad factors analysis. I agree with you that this is a great tool to use to include the internal and external factors. Politics should certainly be understood before entering into a foreign country and setting up camp. Learning about the macro-environmental factors would indeed need to be known to understand the impact of the environmental surroundings of where you would intend to expand globally (Corporate Finance Institute, 2021).
The competitive forces model is also extremely pertinent as you mention. Knowing the competition and the current market is crucial to the success of the organization. I appreciate that you talk about how difficult entry gives you a competitive advantage. I don't know if I understood that before, but you make a very good point in that regard. So with the difficult entry the contract agreement, is longer and there are better benefits offered? “
__________________________
PEER Discussion post
After reviewing the response of Deborah, I also collaborate with her opinion that there are still more positive ideas that can lead to improvements in the global market planning strategies. The adoption of technology can lead to various promotions in conjunction with the local production at the international business. Different decisions made by the stakeholders are mostly triggered by the level of competition that exists on the organization's premises. Moreover, the present-day global competition entails some aspects which evaluate the market share. On most occasions, several organization strategies, including the multinational rivals, do not differ looking at the approaches, productivity, and experience.
Following the previous meeting with Deborah, I learned various aspects which as a team, we should all bear in mind, and these aspects entail the most suitable approaches concerning the movement in connection with more formal analysis (Harrison, Freitas, Drinnan, Campos, Masci, di Maria & Whitaker, 2019). With the traditional analysis approaches, one can better understand because the visual elements pictorial are always running in one's mind. Although the formal analysis aspect takes much or longer time to express certain information, it provides evaluations and definitions which don't require clerical explanations (Turkmen, den Hartog, Ranise, & Zannone, 2017).
Following the Tiffany and mike suggestion ...
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS2EXTERNAL AND INTER.docxgitagrimston
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS 2
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS 12
External and Internal Environmental Analysis
UNIVERSITY OF PHOENIX
STR/581
Running head: EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS 1
External and Internal Environmental Analysis
Weight Loss Singles Dating Agency is an online dating service tailored to provide companionship services to individuals over the age of 18 who have undergone any form of weight loss surgery. For effective strategic formulation of implementing this new business, it is critical that the company’s external and internal environmental environments are analyzed to ensure competitive advantage is achieved. The following is the analysis of the external and internal environments for the company, its competitive position and possibilities as well as the organizational structure and impact on the organizational performance.
Environmental Analysis
To perform an efficient external and internal environmental analysis it is imperative that the researcher scrutinize all factors affecting implementation of the proposed business. These factors include:
· Evaluate strategic position of Weight Loss Singles Dating Agency
· Assess the online dating market
· Assess proposed business of online dating industry
· Assess the competition
External Environmental Analysis
To provide conclusions needed for successful implementation the researcher will commence with external environmental investigation. Major factors to explore include:
· Barriers to entry
· Threats of new entrants
· Threats of substitutes
· Rivalry between existing firms and
· The power of buyers and suppliers
Barriers to Entry
The company will have very few competitors in contention. Currently, the researcher has discovered that a strong brand recognition does not currently exist as this is a relatively new niche market. Start-up costs will be kept at a minimum as investors will also provide employee assistance in operations. However, increased proposed regulations on the online dating industry will prove to be a challenge when implementing the business model. Currently the industry is not regulated by Federal law, but many US states have proposed bills in legislature to increase protection of users on online dating sites through mandating background checks of all customers (Internet Business Law Services, 2015).
To ensure that barriers to entry will be kept at a minimum the organization will foster a third party association with an outside research firm. This partnership will aid in the determination of illegitimate online dating companies as a strategy for ensuring privacy and integrity concerns (Marsden, 2010). The company will also apply for membership with organizations such as Online Dating Association and Global Dating Insights for the purpose of being recognized as a legitimate business that takes responsibility to maintain high standards in the industry (The Online Dating Association, 2015). This ...
RUNNING HEAD MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDER PROCESSRUNNING HEAD MULT.docxtodd581
RUNNING HEAD: MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDER PROCESS
RUNNING HEAD: MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDER PROCESS
Running Head: Multiple Stakeholder Process
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliation
Public advocacy is considered to be activities that involve the individuals or groups to influence and offer support to a given cause or policy. It takes place both in public and also in private institutions. Some of the advocacy groups that we have includes the lobbyist and the special interest groups which are helping in advocating in the public realm. In addition, we also have the patient advocates who are based in the hospitals and help in the process of protecting the rights of the patients, In business,we have the nonprofit groups who ensure that consumers are treated fair in the marketplaces. Multiple stakeholder processes are considered to be the process which is aiming at bringing all the key stakeholders together to make some decisions about some particular issues by consulting widely to ensure that the opportunity for the engagement is maximized (Malek, Budhwar & Reiche, 2015).
Identify and research at least two examples of companies that have been impacted by the campaigns of public advocacy groups. What is the value of democratic inputs in business decision making?
The two companies that have been impacted by the campaign of the public advocacy group include companies like Apple and the Koch Company. Apple is an international company that is dealing with the production of the electronics such the iPad, iPhone and televisions. On the other side, Koch Company is also one of the companies that have been impacted by the campaigns of the public advocacy. We have realized that the company deals with the production of the Angel Soft toilet papers and it also deals with the parts of the iPhone. Apple is influenced by the campaigns of the public advocacy that it engages in the policy discussion and discuss matters that are base on their business. Apple clients in some of the areas that include the intellectual property, privacy and also environment. The company is actually trying to ensure that they help in the policy-making of the government to understand their products, their business and the innovation they use (Chai, Kim & Kim, 2018).
We have also realized that Koch Company has also been impacted by the campaigns of the advocacy groups by ensuring that they are have come up with the system to ensure that there is loyalty, honor, personal courage, respect and integrity in the company among the workers and also to the public. The value of democratic inputs in these two companies is actually to ensure that the companies are complying with public policies and regulations that help them to make decisions which are benefiting everyone in the market to ensure that there are a good relationship and good policies for the business and to the public (Epstein, 2018).
Identify and list all of the sustainability stakeholders at Top Shelf. Does each group have eq.
RUNNING HEAD MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDER PROCESSRUNNING HEAD MULT.docxglendar3
RUNNING HEAD: MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDER PROCESS
RUNNING HEAD: MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDER PROCESS
Running Head: Multiple Stakeholder Process
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliation
Public advocacy is considered to be activities that involve the individuals or groups to influence and offer support to a given cause or policy. It takes place both in public and also in private institutions. Some of the advocacy groups that we have includes the lobbyist and the special interest groups which are helping in advocating in the public realm. In addition, we also have the patient advocates who are based in the hospitals and help in the process of protecting the rights of the patients, In business,we have the nonprofit groups who ensure that consumers are treated fair in the marketplaces. Multiple stakeholder processes are considered to be the process which is aiming at bringing all the key stakeholders together to make some decisions about some particular issues by consulting widely to ensure that the opportunity for the engagement is maximized (Malek, Budhwar & Reiche, 2015).
Identify and research at least two examples of companies that have been impacted by the campaigns of public advocacy groups. What is the value of democratic inputs in business decision making?
The two companies that have been impacted by the campaign of the public advocacy group include companies like Apple and the Koch Company. Apple is an international company that is dealing with the production of the electronics such the iPad, iPhone and televisions. On the other side, Koch Company is also one of the companies that have been impacted by the campaigns of the public advocacy. We have realized that the company deals with the production of the Angel Soft toilet papers and it also deals with the parts of the iPhone. Apple is influenced by the campaigns of the public advocacy that it engages in the policy discussion and discuss matters that are base on their business. Apple clients in some of the areas that include the intellectual property, privacy and also environment. The company is actually trying to ensure that they help in the policy-making of the government to understand their products, their business and the innovation they use (Chai, Kim & Kim, 2018).
We have also realized that Koch Company has also been impacted by the campaigns of the advocacy groups by ensuring that they are have come up with the system to ensure that there is loyalty, honor, personal courage, respect and integrity in the company among the workers and also to the public. The value of democratic inputs in these two companies is actually to ensure that the companies are complying with public policies and regulations that help them to make decisions which are benefiting everyone in the market to ensure that there are a good relationship and good policies for the business and to the public (Epstein, 2018).
Identify and list all of the sustainability stakeholders at Top Shelf. Does each group have eq.
Analysis of the Case StudyPart 1 – (background history) o.docxmelvinjrobinson2199
Analysis of the Case Study
:
Part 1
– (
background history)
of business landscape in the form of a
contextual description
of the
company
and how it operates its business dealings.
There has been a change that has occurred recently in business strategy since Metro Services Inc. has taken on the addition of a new more demanding type of client (
governmental organizations).
When a company services a governmental organization they must readjust their approaches to match policy dictates.
More than likely, training is required to upgrade standards in 3 major areas of service specialty efficiency which include: operations, building performance review systems and information management. The company’s marketing strategy operates on the premise that a management replacement can be fully trained and qualified in a 14 day period or Metro Services will assume a loss of operational revenue by forfeiting the finder’s and placement fee it normally charges. The loss is substantial because it is calculated by a percentage of 10% annually ($5,000). The company wants to produce the best and the brightest talent so that the company will hire full time at a cost of another $5,000 for retaining permanent placement of the professional. The ideology which was and still is the basic vision for the establishment of the firm, is to place the most fully up-to-date, and highly qualified professionals who are exceptionally trained, and have the capacity to fit into many diverse workplace settings because they have been trained to be adaptable (and possess extraordinary qualifications, and to have high-level multicultural, social skills, which allow for ease of transition and successful integration.
In order to maintain its market positioning (its hard-earned high standard policies earned by its 15 year reputation) and to meet the requirements imposed by their new client (governmental organizations), Metro Services Inc. has had to invest a great deal financially as it was necessary to find a reasonable space that could be affordably renovated. This was a mandatory move on the part of Metro Services Inc. as the new building has been slated to be a training center. Monetary outlays have been incurred and will have to be accounted for (an expensive proposition commonly undertaken by any business entity forced to grow to remain competitive for its own survival).
Part 2 –
(
correspondence)
from one Mr. James Baker, a
one-time
employee of
Metro Services.
The letter from Mr. Baker is suspicious for several reasons. He has a permanent placement opportunity which has been made available by Metro Services Inc. They located him and placed him in a good fit position and because of this match he is no longer a temporary worker but enjoys the status of a full-time position. There was no apparent need for the circulation of a letter to staff at this point nor his self-appointed leader status of the employee group which makes his motives questionable. After looking into .
The document discusses standards that must be followed by Wright Aircraft Corp to enable an effective information security program, noting that compliance is mandatory though deviation is possible with approval. The standards define minimum baseline procedures, practices, and configurations for systems and related topics to provide a single reference point during various stages of development and contracting. However, the standards do not provide detailed instructions for how to meet the company's policies.
Running head FINANCIAL ANALYSTS AS A DISCOURSE COMMUNITY .docxjeanettehully
Running head: FINANCIAL ANALYSTS AS A DISCOURSE COMMUNITY
1
FINANCIAL ANALYSTS AS A DISCOURSE COMMUNITY
8
Financial analysts as a discourse Community
Zi Wang
California state university in San Bernardino
Financial analysts as a discourse Community
Introduction
In the article, Gee helps to expound more about different terms that are essential in any given field. Literacy becomes his first target and he defines it as the ability to possess knowledge that allows one to execute the functions of both writing and reading. Gee goes ahead to present a definition of discourse. In line with the definition that has been presented by Gee, a discourse is broad and it is a term that is diverse thus can be used in different forms. One of the major characteristics of discourse is acceptability. Discourse must be accepted by a group of people. The reason behind it is that a discourse brings together a network that has the same thinking, uses the same language, and acts the same.
The career that I have chosen in this case is Financial Analysis. A financial analyst is a person who provides financial advice to organizations and individuals. The work of a financial analyst is to investigate the financial situation and offer the best financial solutions. When an organization plans to invest, it must be in the best position to afford the investments. At the same time, it is essential for an organization to know if the investment will have returns or not. A financial analyst comes in place to make sure that an organization knows the advantages and disadvantages of investing in a specific investment. My discourse is becoming a financial analyst who is capable of delivering in line with the expectations of my clients or employers. I intend to know more about the factors that essential before investing in any given market. The Financial Analysts career is a discourse community because it meets the follow characteristics as explored in Gee’s Criteria for such communities.
Valuing/ Values: Financial analysts are guided by several values and principles. First, Financial Analysts must positively contribute to the core belief of the society via sustainable values generated through efficient capital and markets and their respective investment institutions. Second, a financial analyst must exercise zeal and prudence when dealing with people’s capital assets. Third, financial analysts must uphold high ethical standards and good stewardship necessary for cultivating confidence and trust to be served and secured. These standards are critical for positive results since regulations and rules are not independently sufficient.
Doing/Actions: Financial analysts work in pension funds, banks, insurance firms and other investment enterprises. Their job is to offer guidance to individuals and businesses in making investment choices. They examine and assess the financial performance of stock and other investment premises.
Saying/ Language: In saying terms, the major way ...
Running Head ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATION1ECONOMICS AND ADMI.docxtodd271
Running Head: ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATION 1
ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATION 5
ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATION
Khalia Hart
Dr. Touhey
MGMT 640 – Financial Decision Making for Managers
March 31, 2019
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
For the success of every business, there needs to be a strong supporting factor that enforces success. The success of a business indicates that the structure of decision making is tough, strict but at the same time lenient to staff and more importantly customers. Financial management is a very vital factor to consider while engaging in any business activity. Not only is it concerned about customers and staff, but also affects every aspect of the business from managing cash flow and maintaining performance index to developing plans to ensure maximum use of opportunities by business owners. Stakeholders and business owners need to realize the importance of financial management as a tool in business administration since it is the force that ensures continuous development of financial capabilities needed for a business to achieve its full potential.
The macro-economic environment addresses issues concerning behavior. Here are where aAdministrative issues lie. Administration can be categorized into two main categories, administration as a practice and as a science. Administration as a practice mainly addresses the normal routine of business owners and managers and their normal administrative roles in any business entity. Administration as a scientific field is bound to face challenges which are broken down into four main classes. They are discussed fully in this document.
Factors that affect administrative decisions include globalization, cost of control, the relationship between stakeholders and demand on ethical behavior and corporate responsibility. Administrations in different organizations should always be keen to ensure that the named issues are always put under the eye . These factors can greatly affect the performance of a business entity as shall be discussed in this document. Comment by debra touhey: Good start, Khalia. The Executive Summary should explain the problems at hand with potential solutions to those problems. Here is a good reference on writing Executive Summaries:
https://www.inc.com/guides/2010/09/how-to-write-an-executive-summary.html
INTRODUCTION
Since time immemorial, business has always been a very important factor in society. To date, business transactions take place daily through the various business entities that have been established. In the modern world, however, various guidelines, strategies, and tools have been established to ensure that business practices go on smoothly (Robert et al., 2004). Comment by debra touhey: A little too informal for graduate writing
One of the practices that have been developed to ensure maximum productivity in the various entities that have been established, is financial management. The financial management function allows for the planning, organizing, monitori.
Socially responsible human resourcepractices disclosures of.docxlillie234567
Socially responsible human resource
practices: disclosures of the world’s best
multinational workplaces
Charbel Greige Frangieh and Hala Khayr Yaacoub
Abstract
Purpose – This paper aims to explore the socially responsible human resource practices disclosed by
the ‘‘World’s Best Multinational Workplaces,’’ with the aim of facilitating the benchmarking of these
disclosed practices.
Design/methodology/approach – Using the ‘‘World’s Best Multinational Workplaces’’ list was a
strategic decision in this study due to the rigorous methodology used in the preparation of the list as it
concentrated largely on the employees’ feedback, thus ensuring that these listed companies are actually
top workplaces. Both manifest and latent content analysis, are applied on 23 of the 25 listedMultinational
Corporations’ websites and reports, and company reviews done on these companies by the Great Place
toWork for to pinpoint the social responsible human resource practices.
Findings – Most of the practices disclosed are oriented toward enhancing the employees’ work
experiences whether that happened through improving their employment conditions or through having a
diverse and inclusive workplace. Thus, the employee-oriented human resource management practices
got the lion’s share of the disclosures, rather than the legal or the Corporate social responsibility–human
resources facilitation components.
Research limitations/implications – The practices that are already used at small and medium
enterpriseswithin national contexts were not covered in this study.
Practical implications – It is assumed that businesses can benefit from the practices of these MNCs
which are considered as great places to work for, and as pioneers in their socially responsible human
resource approaches.
Originality/value – This study is likely to fill an important gap in the corporate social responsibility
literature, which gave pint-sized attention to the internal stakeholders, rendering the academic coverage
of employee-related practices scarce if not absent
Keywords CSR, Content analysis, Multinational corporations,
Social responsible human resource practices
Paper type Research paper
Introduction
An ethical movement is gaining momentum in the business world as a result of
management malpractices committed in the past decades. The ethical crisis drove
practitioners and researchers around the world to acknowledge the importance of
integrating business ethics and sustainability into their organizations. Engaging in
responsible practices was seen as a means to avoid crises and simultaneously lead to
financial benefits, (Doh et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2015; Voegtlin et al., 2012), produce social
capital (Maak, 2007) and enhance work-related behaviors like retention and workplace
commitment (Waldman and Galvin, 2008; Cameron, 2011; Doh et al., 2011; Doh and
Quigley, 2014; Miska et al., 2014). The misconducts in top management positions gained
extensive media a.
This document summarizes a research paper that examines the relationship between Porter's generic strategies (low-cost strategy, differentiation strategy, and focus strategy) and firm performance. The researchers conducted a study using questionnaires from 113 firms in Kosovo. They found that pursuing a differentiation strategy provides higher firm performance compared to the other two strategies. A low-cost strategy and focus strategy also had a positive impact on firm performance but to a lesser extent than differentiation. The document provides an overview of Porter's generic strategies and literature discussing how each strategy can impact firm performance if successfully implemented.
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This document provides instructions for using the HelpWriting.net service to have papers written. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with valid email and password. 2) Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment if pleased. 5) Request revisions until fully satisfied, with a refund option for plagiarized work.
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The document provides instructions for creating an account on the HelpWriting.net site to request writing assistance, including completing an order form with instructions and sources. Writers will bid on the request and their qualifications will be reviewed to select one for the assignment. The customer can then review and approve the work or request revisions until satisfied.
1. The document discusses a case study about the Russian ice cream company Ice Fili.
2. It provides context on the Russian ice cream industry, noting opportunities for domestic producers after the 1998 financial crisis.
3. The analysis examines Ice Fili's external environment, including industry competitors and the threat of new market entrants.
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The document provides instructions for getting essay writing help from HelpWriting.net in 5 steps:
1. Create an account with a password and email.
2. Complete a 10-minute order form with instructions, sources, and deadline.
3. Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications.
4. Review the paper and authorize payment if pleased, or request revisions.
5. Papers can be revised until satisfaction is met, and refunds are offered for plagiarized work. HelpWriting.net aims to meet all customer needs.
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Here are the key points to consider in your situation analysis for Nirvana Pro Cleaning Services:
- Product/Services: High quality residential and commercial cleaning services including laundry, bag and shoe cleaning.
- Current Market: The cleaning services market is competitive with many established players. Customers value quality, reliability and affordability.
- Target Customers: Busy professionals, families, small businesses who need regular cleaning but lack time. Customers willing to pay a premium for high quality service.
- Customer Needs: Convenient scheduling, thorough cleaning, attention to detail. Customers want cleaning done right the first time to save time and hassles.
- Competition: Other cleaning services vary in quality, reliability
This document describes an experiment to investigate the effect of surface area on the rate of a catalyzed reaction using the enzyme catalase. Catalase is an enzyme found in living cells that speeds up the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. The experiment will involve measuring the time taken for catalase to breakdown hydrogen peroxide at different surface areas of a catalase solution. Controls and repeated trials will help ensure accuracy and reliability of the results. Factors like temperature will be kept consistent to avoid their confounding effects on the reaction rate.
- The document discusses the development of a frequent shopper program (FSP) for Kudler Fine Foods.
- It describes the strategic purpose of the FSP and outlines how Smith Systems Consulting will provide IT services and consulting to develop the program.
- The program will track customer purchasing histories and allow customers to accumulate redeemable loyalty points that can be used for gifts or services from partner companies.
The document discusses the origins of simple belonging systems, noting that ancient Babylonians adopted the decimal system of mathematics from another early civilization, and that in 498 AD the Indian mathematician Aryabhatta introduced the modern ten-based decimal value system when he stated "place to place in ten times in value," which may have been the origin of using ten numbers with the Hindu decimal zero.
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The document provides instructions for students to request writing assistance from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email. 2) Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications. 4) Receive the paper and authorize payment if pleased. 5) Request revisions until satisfied, with a refund option for plagiarized work. The document encourages choosing HelpWriting.net for original, high-quality content.
The film uses lighting in unconventional ways to create a surreal atmosphere and heighten the sense of unease, often employing low-key lighting styles and harsh contrasts between light and shadow to reflect the psychological disorientation and moral ambiguity of the Vietnam War. Scenes set at night or in remote jungle areas rely heavily on low-light filming techniques to build suspense and isolate characters in darkness.
The document provides instructions for requesting a paper writing service from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with valid email and password. 2) Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, deadline, and sample work. 3) Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications. 4) Receive the paper and authorize payment if satisfied. 5) Request revisions to ensure satisfaction, with the option of a full refund for plagiarized work. The service aims to provide original, high-quality content through this process.
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1. The document provides instructions for requesting an online essay writing service from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: create an account, complete an order form providing instructions and deadline, choose a writer based on bids, review the completed paper, and request revisions if needed.
2. The service offers original, plagiarism-free papers and allows customers to choose confidently knowing their needs will be fully met. Writers complete papers for customers seeking writing help.
3. Customers first create an account, then complete an order form providing their requirements. Writers submit bids and customers choose a writer based on qualifications. The customer pays a deposit to start the paper and can request revisions until satisfied.
This document discusses a target market for a proposed bioluminescent jellyfish daywear dress collection. The target market is petite fashion-forward women ages 18-30, who are part of Generation Y. This demographic buys clothing to fit in with peers and have an identity. They are adept with technology and social media. The target market trusts socially responsible companies and lives in Toronto, Canada in apartments over 5 stories. Most have a post-secondary education.
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RUNNING HEAD MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDER PROCESSRUNNING HEAD MULT.docxtodd581
RUNNING HEAD: MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDER PROCESS
RUNNING HEAD: MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDER PROCESS
Running Head: Multiple Stakeholder Process
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliation
Public advocacy is considered to be activities that involve the individuals or groups to influence and offer support to a given cause or policy. It takes place both in public and also in private institutions. Some of the advocacy groups that we have includes the lobbyist and the special interest groups which are helping in advocating in the public realm. In addition, we also have the patient advocates who are based in the hospitals and help in the process of protecting the rights of the patients, In business,we have the nonprofit groups who ensure that consumers are treated fair in the marketplaces. Multiple stakeholder processes are considered to be the process which is aiming at bringing all the key stakeholders together to make some decisions about some particular issues by consulting widely to ensure that the opportunity for the engagement is maximized (Malek, Budhwar & Reiche, 2015).
Identify and research at least two examples of companies that have been impacted by the campaigns of public advocacy groups. What is the value of democratic inputs in business decision making?
The two companies that have been impacted by the campaign of the public advocacy group include companies like Apple and the Koch Company. Apple is an international company that is dealing with the production of the electronics such the iPad, iPhone and televisions. On the other side, Koch Company is also one of the companies that have been impacted by the campaigns of the public advocacy. We have realized that the company deals with the production of the Angel Soft toilet papers and it also deals with the parts of the iPhone. Apple is influenced by the campaigns of the public advocacy that it engages in the policy discussion and discuss matters that are base on their business. Apple clients in some of the areas that include the intellectual property, privacy and also environment. The company is actually trying to ensure that they help in the policy-making of the government to understand their products, their business and the innovation they use (Chai, Kim & Kim, 2018).
We have also realized that Koch Company has also been impacted by the campaigns of the advocacy groups by ensuring that they are have come up with the system to ensure that there is loyalty, honor, personal courage, respect and integrity in the company among the workers and also to the public. The value of democratic inputs in these two companies is actually to ensure that the companies are complying with public policies and regulations that help them to make decisions which are benefiting everyone in the market to ensure that there are a good relationship and good policies for the business and to the public (Epstein, 2018).
Identify and list all of the sustainability stakeholders at Top Shelf. Does each group have eq.
RUNNING HEAD MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDER PROCESSRUNNING HEAD MULT.docxglendar3
RUNNING HEAD: MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDER PROCESS
RUNNING HEAD: MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDER PROCESS
Running Head: Multiple Stakeholder Process
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliation
Public advocacy is considered to be activities that involve the individuals or groups to influence and offer support to a given cause or policy. It takes place both in public and also in private institutions. Some of the advocacy groups that we have includes the lobbyist and the special interest groups which are helping in advocating in the public realm. In addition, we also have the patient advocates who are based in the hospitals and help in the process of protecting the rights of the patients, In business,we have the nonprofit groups who ensure that consumers are treated fair in the marketplaces. Multiple stakeholder processes are considered to be the process which is aiming at bringing all the key stakeholders together to make some decisions about some particular issues by consulting widely to ensure that the opportunity for the engagement is maximized (Malek, Budhwar & Reiche, 2015).
Identify and research at least two examples of companies that have been impacted by the campaigns of public advocacy groups. What is the value of democratic inputs in business decision making?
The two companies that have been impacted by the campaign of the public advocacy group include companies like Apple and the Koch Company. Apple is an international company that is dealing with the production of the electronics such the iPad, iPhone and televisions. On the other side, Koch Company is also one of the companies that have been impacted by the campaigns of the public advocacy. We have realized that the company deals with the production of the Angel Soft toilet papers and it also deals with the parts of the iPhone. Apple is influenced by the campaigns of the public advocacy that it engages in the policy discussion and discuss matters that are base on their business. Apple clients in some of the areas that include the intellectual property, privacy and also environment. The company is actually trying to ensure that they help in the policy-making of the government to understand their products, their business and the innovation they use (Chai, Kim & Kim, 2018).
We have also realized that Koch Company has also been impacted by the campaigns of the advocacy groups by ensuring that they are have come up with the system to ensure that there is loyalty, honor, personal courage, respect and integrity in the company among the workers and also to the public. The value of democratic inputs in these two companies is actually to ensure that the companies are complying with public policies and regulations that help them to make decisions which are benefiting everyone in the market to ensure that there are a good relationship and good policies for the business and to the public (Epstein, 2018).
Identify and list all of the sustainability stakeholders at Top Shelf. Does each group have eq.
Analysis of the Case StudyPart 1 – (background history) o.docxmelvinjrobinson2199
Analysis of the Case Study
:
Part 1
– (
background history)
of business landscape in the form of a
contextual description
of the
company
and how it operates its business dealings.
There has been a change that has occurred recently in business strategy since Metro Services Inc. has taken on the addition of a new more demanding type of client (
governmental organizations).
When a company services a governmental organization they must readjust their approaches to match policy dictates.
More than likely, training is required to upgrade standards in 3 major areas of service specialty efficiency which include: operations, building performance review systems and information management. The company’s marketing strategy operates on the premise that a management replacement can be fully trained and qualified in a 14 day period or Metro Services will assume a loss of operational revenue by forfeiting the finder’s and placement fee it normally charges. The loss is substantial because it is calculated by a percentage of 10% annually ($5,000). The company wants to produce the best and the brightest talent so that the company will hire full time at a cost of another $5,000 for retaining permanent placement of the professional. The ideology which was and still is the basic vision for the establishment of the firm, is to place the most fully up-to-date, and highly qualified professionals who are exceptionally trained, and have the capacity to fit into many diverse workplace settings because they have been trained to be adaptable (and possess extraordinary qualifications, and to have high-level multicultural, social skills, which allow for ease of transition and successful integration.
In order to maintain its market positioning (its hard-earned high standard policies earned by its 15 year reputation) and to meet the requirements imposed by their new client (governmental organizations), Metro Services Inc. has had to invest a great deal financially as it was necessary to find a reasonable space that could be affordably renovated. This was a mandatory move on the part of Metro Services Inc. as the new building has been slated to be a training center. Monetary outlays have been incurred and will have to be accounted for (an expensive proposition commonly undertaken by any business entity forced to grow to remain competitive for its own survival).
Part 2 –
(
correspondence)
from one Mr. James Baker, a
one-time
employee of
Metro Services.
The letter from Mr. Baker is suspicious for several reasons. He has a permanent placement opportunity which has been made available by Metro Services Inc. They located him and placed him in a good fit position and because of this match he is no longer a temporary worker but enjoys the status of a full-time position. There was no apparent need for the circulation of a letter to staff at this point nor his self-appointed leader status of the employee group which makes his motives questionable. After looking into .
The document discusses standards that must be followed by Wright Aircraft Corp to enable an effective information security program, noting that compliance is mandatory though deviation is possible with approval. The standards define minimum baseline procedures, practices, and configurations for systems and related topics to provide a single reference point during various stages of development and contracting. However, the standards do not provide detailed instructions for how to meet the company's policies.
Running head FINANCIAL ANALYSTS AS A DISCOURSE COMMUNITY .docxjeanettehully
Running head: FINANCIAL ANALYSTS AS A DISCOURSE COMMUNITY
1
FINANCIAL ANALYSTS AS A DISCOURSE COMMUNITY
8
Financial analysts as a discourse Community
Zi Wang
California state university in San Bernardino
Financial analysts as a discourse Community
Introduction
In the article, Gee helps to expound more about different terms that are essential in any given field. Literacy becomes his first target and he defines it as the ability to possess knowledge that allows one to execute the functions of both writing and reading. Gee goes ahead to present a definition of discourse. In line with the definition that has been presented by Gee, a discourse is broad and it is a term that is diverse thus can be used in different forms. One of the major characteristics of discourse is acceptability. Discourse must be accepted by a group of people. The reason behind it is that a discourse brings together a network that has the same thinking, uses the same language, and acts the same.
The career that I have chosen in this case is Financial Analysis. A financial analyst is a person who provides financial advice to organizations and individuals. The work of a financial analyst is to investigate the financial situation and offer the best financial solutions. When an organization plans to invest, it must be in the best position to afford the investments. At the same time, it is essential for an organization to know if the investment will have returns or not. A financial analyst comes in place to make sure that an organization knows the advantages and disadvantages of investing in a specific investment. My discourse is becoming a financial analyst who is capable of delivering in line with the expectations of my clients or employers. I intend to know more about the factors that essential before investing in any given market. The Financial Analysts career is a discourse community because it meets the follow characteristics as explored in Gee’s Criteria for such communities.
Valuing/ Values: Financial analysts are guided by several values and principles. First, Financial Analysts must positively contribute to the core belief of the society via sustainable values generated through efficient capital and markets and their respective investment institutions. Second, a financial analyst must exercise zeal and prudence when dealing with people’s capital assets. Third, financial analysts must uphold high ethical standards and good stewardship necessary for cultivating confidence and trust to be served and secured. These standards are critical for positive results since regulations and rules are not independently sufficient.
Doing/Actions: Financial analysts work in pension funds, banks, insurance firms and other investment enterprises. Their job is to offer guidance to individuals and businesses in making investment choices. They examine and assess the financial performance of stock and other investment premises.
Saying/ Language: In saying terms, the major way ...
Running Head ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATION1ECONOMICS AND ADMI.docxtodd271
Running Head: ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATION 1
ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATION 5
ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATION
Khalia Hart
Dr. Touhey
MGMT 640 – Financial Decision Making for Managers
March 31, 2019
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
For the success of every business, there needs to be a strong supporting factor that enforces success. The success of a business indicates that the structure of decision making is tough, strict but at the same time lenient to staff and more importantly customers. Financial management is a very vital factor to consider while engaging in any business activity. Not only is it concerned about customers and staff, but also affects every aspect of the business from managing cash flow and maintaining performance index to developing plans to ensure maximum use of opportunities by business owners. Stakeholders and business owners need to realize the importance of financial management as a tool in business administration since it is the force that ensures continuous development of financial capabilities needed for a business to achieve its full potential.
The macro-economic environment addresses issues concerning behavior. Here are where aAdministrative issues lie. Administration can be categorized into two main categories, administration as a practice and as a science. Administration as a practice mainly addresses the normal routine of business owners and managers and their normal administrative roles in any business entity. Administration as a scientific field is bound to face challenges which are broken down into four main classes. They are discussed fully in this document.
Factors that affect administrative decisions include globalization, cost of control, the relationship between stakeholders and demand on ethical behavior and corporate responsibility. Administrations in different organizations should always be keen to ensure that the named issues are always put under the eye . These factors can greatly affect the performance of a business entity as shall be discussed in this document. Comment by debra touhey: Good start, Khalia. The Executive Summary should explain the problems at hand with potential solutions to those problems. Here is a good reference on writing Executive Summaries:
https://www.inc.com/guides/2010/09/how-to-write-an-executive-summary.html
INTRODUCTION
Since time immemorial, business has always been a very important factor in society. To date, business transactions take place daily through the various business entities that have been established. In the modern world, however, various guidelines, strategies, and tools have been established to ensure that business practices go on smoothly (Robert et al., 2004). Comment by debra touhey: A little too informal for graduate writing
One of the practices that have been developed to ensure maximum productivity in the various entities that have been established, is financial management. The financial management function allows for the planning, organizing, monitori.
Socially responsible human resourcepractices disclosures of.docxlillie234567
Socially responsible human resource
practices: disclosures of the world’s best
multinational workplaces
Charbel Greige Frangieh and Hala Khayr Yaacoub
Abstract
Purpose – This paper aims to explore the socially responsible human resource practices disclosed by
the ‘‘World’s Best Multinational Workplaces,’’ with the aim of facilitating the benchmarking of these
disclosed practices.
Design/methodology/approach – Using the ‘‘World’s Best Multinational Workplaces’’ list was a
strategic decision in this study due to the rigorous methodology used in the preparation of the list as it
concentrated largely on the employees’ feedback, thus ensuring that these listed companies are actually
top workplaces. Both manifest and latent content analysis, are applied on 23 of the 25 listedMultinational
Corporations’ websites and reports, and company reviews done on these companies by the Great Place
toWork for to pinpoint the social responsible human resource practices.
Findings – Most of the practices disclosed are oriented toward enhancing the employees’ work
experiences whether that happened through improving their employment conditions or through having a
diverse and inclusive workplace. Thus, the employee-oriented human resource management practices
got the lion’s share of the disclosures, rather than the legal or the Corporate social responsibility–human
resources facilitation components.
Research limitations/implications – The practices that are already used at small and medium
enterpriseswithin national contexts were not covered in this study.
Practical implications – It is assumed that businesses can benefit from the practices of these MNCs
which are considered as great places to work for, and as pioneers in their socially responsible human
resource approaches.
Originality/value – This study is likely to fill an important gap in the corporate social responsibility
literature, which gave pint-sized attention to the internal stakeholders, rendering the academic coverage
of employee-related practices scarce if not absent
Keywords CSR, Content analysis, Multinational corporations,
Social responsible human resource practices
Paper type Research paper
Introduction
An ethical movement is gaining momentum in the business world as a result of
management malpractices committed in the past decades. The ethical crisis drove
practitioners and researchers around the world to acknowledge the importance of
integrating business ethics and sustainability into their organizations. Engaging in
responsible practices was seen as a means to avoid crises and simultaneously lead to
financial benefits, (Doh et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2015; Voegtlin et al., 2012), produce social
capital (Maak, 2007) and enhance work-related behaviors like retention and workplace
commitment (Waldman and Galvin, 2008; Cameron, 2011; Doh et al., 2011; Doh and
Quigley, 2014; Miska et al., 2014). The misconducts in top management positions gained
extensive media a.
This document summarizes a research paper that examines the relationship between Porter's generic strategies (low-cost strategy, differentiation strategy, and focus strategy) and firm performance. The researchers conducted a study using questionnaires from 113 firms in Kosovo. They found that pursuing a differentiation strategy provides higher firm performance compared to the other two strategies. A low-cost strategy and focus strategy also had a positive impact on firm performance but to a lesser extent than differentiation. The document provides an overview of Porter's generic strategies and literature discussing how each strategy can impact firm performance if successfully implemented.
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Syllabus
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Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
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A Model Of Influential Factors In Franchise Operations
1. this article is distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution 4.0 international license
A Model of Influential Factors in Franchise Operations
Helder de Souza Aguiar 1
helderaguiar@usp.br|0000-0003-2919-4315
Marcos Roberto Luppe 2
mluppe@usp.br|0000-0003-2297-1900
Paulo Tromboni de Souza Nascimento 2
tromboni@usp.br|0000-0002-0705-3952
ABSTRACT
The objective of this theoretical essay was to construct a model of those factors
that might at any time have an influence on the operation of a franchise
unit. In order to do so, we studied and assessed articles and books between
2014 and 2019 that contain aspects related to franchise operations; they were
compiled in a way that had not hitherto been addressed by seminal authors.
We analyzed 191 works, of which 71 form part of this study. Preparation
of the model is relevant for stimulating conceptual discussion in this field
of studies since it has not yet been clearly defined in academic literature.
From choosing future franchisees to the daily operation of the unit, there
are many factors that can influence the performance, survival, profitability
and even the franchisee’s satisfaction with their unit. The model, therefore,
serves as the basis for the management actions of franchise networks in
monitoring the activities of their franchise units.
KEY-WORDS
franchising, franchise operational model, monitoring, business operation
1
FATEC-SP, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brasil.
2
Universidade de São Paulo,
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Received: 06/21/2019.
Revised: 11/19/2019.
Accepted: 04/20/2020.
Published Online: 11/30/2020.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15728/bbr.2021.18.1.3
2. 18
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1. INTRODUCTION
Franchising is a system that involves the most diverse segments of activity. Examples of
franchising can be easily found in shopping malls and centers of commerce, where there are
stores specializing in a wide variety of activity areas (Mendelsohn, 1994; Muñoz & Quintella,
2002). The beginning of the 21st century showed that franchising is a viable selling option in
various segments. Businesses that are as yet not involved with franchising can appropriate this
system relatively easily. Another point worth highlighting is its economic relevance. Franchising
in developed countries accounts for significant numbers of both companies and jobs that are
generated. This particular business model accounts for one third of all retail sales in the United
States (Ireland, Hoskisson, & Hitt, 2013) and almost eight million jobs (Statista, 2019). Its
influence can also be felt in Brazil. Some 1.5 million people are currently working directly in the
sector, according to data from the Brazilian Franchising Association [ABF] (2019).
From an academic point of view, this is a field that is evolving significantly. In the Spell
database, which contains the most highly regarded journals in Brazil in the area of administration,
92 Brazilian articles were found dealing with this particular business model in the 1993-2019
period (Spell, 2019), while internationally, just in areas related to management, such as business,
economics and operations, 828 scientific articles were identified on the Web of Science database
in the same period (Web of Science, 2019). Franchising in Brazil is also addressed on a fairly
frequent basis in textbooks or books used for consultancy purposes (Mendelsohn, 1994; Cherto
& Rizzo, 1995; Dahab, 1996; Ribeiro & Silva, 2004; Cherto, Campora, Garcia, Ribeiro, Marchi
, Imperatore, & Júnior, 2015; Ribeiro, Marchi, Imperatore, & Galhardo, 2013, Roque, 2019).
Franchising´s problems are the result of the system’s hybrid dichotomy; agents in franchising
do not have all the duties and responsibilities of a partner, and neither do they have the boss/
employee relationship that is common to managers. Franchisees, however, are subject to rules
dictated by the franchisor that other independent entrepreneurs are not. There are, therefore,
a number of problems that are specific to this type of relationship. Examples include, among
other things, breach of, and length of (Azevedo & Silva, 2001; Cohen & Silva, 2000; Toledo &
Proença, 2005; Lara & Azevedo, 2006; Vance, Fávero, & Luppe, 2008; Guedes & Trigo, 2009).
Because of the ability franchisees have to anticipate problems and speed up solutions, however,
Kalargyrou, Aliouche and Schlentrich (2018) claim that most of them feel satisfied with their
business. The authors point out that this is related to the help that entrepreneurs receive when
starting out in business compared to those who run independent businesses. The opportunity
to foresee a series of problems that have been faced by other franchisees in the network, by
exchanging information and sharing experiencesvari is also relevant.
This does not guarantee that the “honeymoon” between the agents involved will not end at
some point and that this situation will not change. Franchisees may change the way they act
and think in relation to the franchisor or their unit at any time, and they often act in a way that
is harmful to the network. This happens because their business may be impacted in a different
way from other units in the network, and even other businesses that are not part of the system.
What landscape, therefore, do franchisees encounter in the day-to-day management of their
unit? Toledo and Proença (2005) point out why units close down their activities; but did these
franchisees not know how the franchise would affect their way of working and that many of the
things that are said are not categorical obligations of the franchisors? According to Kalargyrou,
Aliouche and Schlentrich (2018), franchisees have some degree of independence and sometimes
benefit from local knowledge, but the franchisor’s demands for standardization require that
franchisees make specific investments in the system.
3. 18
47
The objective of this theoretical essay was to build a model of factors that could, at any
time, have an influence on the operation of the franchise unit. To do so the moment before
the operation begins, as well as during the operation, were studied and factors were gathered to
create the model in a way that has not yet been addressed by seminal authors on franchising,
especially by academics (Blair & Lafontaine, 2005; Brickley & Dark, 1987 ; Caves & Murphy
II, 1976; Combs & Ketchen, 2003; Combs, Michael, & Castrogiovanni, 2004; Elango & Fried,
1997; Lafontaine, 1992; Lafontaine & Shaw, 2005; Lal, 1990; Norton, 2016; Rubin, 1978 ).
The model may also serve as a conceptual device for managing the actions of franchise networks
in monitoring the activities of their franchise units.
2. THEORETICAL REFERENCE
2.1. THE TWO MOMENTS OF THE FRANCHISEE IN THE NETWORK
Franchisees experience two distinct moments: the first which lasts from whenthey choose
the franchise system until contracts are signed with the franchisor; and the other from when
the business starts operating. Before operating as a franchisee, the candidate can research the
system and the way it functions, but they do not as yet have any experience of being a part of
the system. Studies indicate several reasons why potential franchisees may look for a particular
franchise system that can provide them with the business experience they lack or other resources
(Hing, 1995; Harmon & Griffiths, 2008). Over and above the candidate’s aspirations, their
profile must be compatible with the franchisor’s prerequisites (Edens, Self, & Grider Jr., 1976).
The following section, “Choosing the Franchise System”, explores this ex-ante moment of the
operation. The candidate becomes a franchisee after the contract has been signed. In this phase
they experience a new cycle, which is influenced by aspects that exert pressure on the daily
operation of the business. These aspects are here divided into four factors: Individual, Network,
Environmental and Financial. Each of these ex-post factors following the start of the operation
are explored in the following topics.
2.2. CHOOSING THE FRANCHISING SYSTEM (FRANCHISEES)
In defining resources in the franchise system the approach of franchisees is dichotomous. First
of all, they are looking for resources they do not have, that is, the know-how that the franchisor
has, plus the brand required for consolidating a business. The second point, however, is that
they themsleves have resources that franchisors want, which may be financial and/or managerial,
and that would be essential to the business. Despite being similar to a manager, it must not be
forgotten that a franchisee is a businessperson who is going to put financial resources and their
own manpower into managing the business. Compiling the reasons given in the literature for
looking for a franchise, the four that are cited in all the studies we analyzed are: a consolidated
brand; operational and administrative support; the cost of raising capital, and; the search
for resources, which small companies find it difficult to manage (Combs & Ketchen, 1999;
Harmon & Griffiths, 2008; Perryman & Combs, 2012 Cherto et al., 2006; Ribeiro et al., 2013,
Roque, 2019) . When the candidate franchisee decides to purchase, they are seeking to obtain
advantages by way of a business that has already been successfully tested, a brand that has already
been constructed, and the assistance they can expect from the franchising company. Without a
counterpart from the system, this entrepreneur would probably risk going into business on their
own, or would buy an already functioning company (Toledo & Proença, 2005).
4. 18
48
Supplying only the profit aspect is not enough to win over franchisees; those who buy a
franchise are not just looking for a financial result. Profit is just a part of what future franchisees
want, according to Hing (2005); they are also looking for backing and initial and continuous
support. Franchising companies, on the other hand, seek personal commitment to the business,
entrepreneurial qualities, managerial skills and financial capacity from their candidates (Sousa,
Junqueira, & Las Casas, 2014). The question of who may be a good franchisee is a constant
challenge for franchisors (Kaufmann & Stanworth, 1995; Weaven, Baker, Edwards, Frazer, &
Grace, 2018; López-Fernández & López-Bayón, 2018).
For Hing (1995), franchise candidates seek backing and ongoing support, knowing that while
they are paying for rights, they also have duties. Some candidates, however, are essentially ill-
intentioned (Klein & Saft, 1985), and although they often have all the attributes that franchisors
want, they are looking for a franchise system with the sole intention of using the brand to attract
consumers; they are not engaged with the business. They are free-riders who manage the unit
without following the franchisor’s demands (Brickley & Dark, 1987; Brickley, 1999; Kidwell,
Nygaard, & Silkoset, 2007; Klein & Saft , 1985; Rigoni, 2015; López-Bayón & López-Fernández
2016).
2.3. INDIVIDUAL FACTORS
Franchisees can be thought of as intra-entrepreneurs within the brands to which they are
linked. This is because they develop business within an existing company (Pinchot, 1985), so
they are exepcted to have the characteristics and individual resources needed to perform these
functions well. Franchisors seek franchisees to supply the former’s lack of resources, as per the
Resource Scarcity Theory (Oxenfeldt and Kelly, 1969). These resources are varied and not just
financial, and they increase the speed of growth of the network, which can lead to dominance
in the market.
It is a well-known research fact that franchisors do not rely on internal information coming
from their networks, but rather on a consensus as to what a model franchisee is, so they assume
the risk of choosing the same type of franchisee for different types of business (Clarkin &
Swavely, 2006; Sousa et al ., 2014). Franchising companies, therefore, assume a limited number
of heuristic principles linked to the market in order to perform a complex and important task,
which is choosing their partners in the network.
Since the first works on the subject of choosing franchisees were published, financial skill has
been one of the dominant factors. Studies show that the financial capacity of those aspiring to
be franchisees is a strong factor in companies when it comes to choosing those who are going
to enter the network. Another finding is that this does not mean that these candidates perform
satisfactorily; personal factors and those linked to superior performance are more important.
According to different authors, these factors, which have been identified in a series of studies,
are essential for the franchisee to be able to manage and control their franchise unit (Edens et
al., 1976; Forward & Fulop, 1993; Knight, 1986;Tatham & Douglas, 1972 ; Ramírez-Hurtado,
Rondán-Cataluña, Guerrero-Casas, & Berbel-Pineda 2011).
Choosing franchisees in a systematic and correct manner can lead to excellent results, while bad
choices that employ unclear criteria can accelerate the speed with which the candidate is chosen,
but lead to future problems for the franchising company. The ideal thing when building up and
maintaining a high quality network is to look for a selection method that can identify potential
franchisees who will perform in the way that is required of them during the time they are in
the network (Jambulingam & Nevin, 1999). One of the first works to discuss this subject was
5. 18
49
by Tatham and Douglas (1972). The authors sought relevant aspects that the franchisor should
analyze when choosing a franchisee, and listed the selection criteria in order of importance.
Edens et al. (1976) sought to determine personality characteristics as being the most important
aspects. The study by Forward and Fulop (1993) investigated the characteristics necessary for
aspiring franchisees in order for them to gain the confidence of their possible future franchisors.
In line with the studies by Edens et al. (1976), Kasselmann, Beer and Vermeulen (2002) also
pointed out that franchisors who systematize their choice based on performance focus primarily
on personality attributes, and that the aim of this initiative is the success of future franchisees
based on biases that, in their opinion, have an influence on success when operating.
The studies by Clarkin and Swavely (2006) and Sousa et al. (2014) used data from companies
that provide information about their ideal franchisee. These studies indicate the profile of the
desired franchisee as disclosed by franchisors in the candidadte prospecting phase, and it is
noticeable that there are some points of convergence in them; having a good relationship, for
example, is considered important for joining the network. Based on this research it can be assumed
that since the franchise contract is results-oriented, less collaborative individuals who have their
own view of the business do not adapt to the franchisor’s systems of governance.
Analyzing the individual factors which are most cited in the works mentioned in this topic,
we arrive at the following factors: an ability to manage, relationship skills, an entrepreneurial
profile, perseverance, and loyalty to the franchisor. Franchisors, therefore, need to structure their
systems in order to select new franchisees who display these attributes. Undesirable characteristics
of new franchisees may have an impact on the franchisor-franchisee relationship, leading to future
problems for the franchisor and even possibly for the network.
2.4. NETWORK FACTORS
The franchisees/franchisor relationship in franchises is extremely important, and both academic
studies and laws mention the obligations of the franchisor in this.
The Brazilian law governing the franchise agreement, Law No. 13,966, December 26, 2019,
states that the franchisor’s obligations are:
a) support;
b) supervision of the network;
c) guidance and other types of service provided to the franchisee;
d) the incorporation of innovation;
e) providing training for the franchisee’s employees;
f) franchise manuals;
g) help with analyzing and choosing the points of sale where the franchise will be installed;
h) layout and archtectural standards for the franchisee’s installations.
As the law does not specify what support means, it is understood here that it involves aspects
related to the functioning of the unit in terms related to franchising and not to environmental
and financial aspects, which are dealt with in other sections of this study.
Establishing and maintaining a good relationship with franchisees is one of the main challenges
that franchisors face. The life cycle of a franchise begins with the franchisor and the franchisee’s
“honeymoon” period, but the relationship worsens in certain situations (Blut, Backhaus, Heussler,
Woisetschläger, Evanschitzky & Ahlert, 2011); in other words, delight gives way to routine, an
evolution that needs to be well managed by the parties. Toledo and Proença (2005) investigated
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50
the factors that had an influence on franchise unit contracts being terminated when they
studied former franchisees of different brands and listed the factors that in some way had an
influence on the end of their partnerships. They were: the selection process, selecting the point
of sale, communication, manuals, keeping promises, accompanying the opening, setting up the
store, supervising and monitoring the units, new product development, marketing (initial and
centralized advertising), centralized procurement, and training (initial, and for technical and
managerial assistance). They also point out that some of these aspects were never supplied by the
brands, even though they were provided for in the contract. Lack of support for the franchisee
is also pointed out by Machado and Espinha (2010) as one of the main reasons for the failure
of Brazilian franchises, because franchisees had had no previous managerial skills or experience
and the lack of support made the situation worse. Both Roque (2019) and Guerra (2012) state
that, for a unit to be successful, the contract must be faithfully honored, with network factors
being the essence of such contracts. In addition to the contract, there are also informal promises,
that is, promises that are made to franchisees and that are not always found in the contract, the
idea being that these franchisees might enjoy some future residual gains (Guerra, 2012), such as
choosing another region or having a preference with regard to a second brand of the franchisor.
Terminating the contract is the last resort of a franchise agreement, but as seen in Blut et al.
(2011), it is possible in those cases where continuing the partnership is no longer a viable option.
When the franchisor’s obligations of selection, training, monitoring, relationship, manuals,
etc. are no longer in line with the standard franchisees expect from the contract then the latter
become discouraged (Costa, Mueller, & Mondo, 2011; Lopes et al., 2013; Machado & Espinha,
2010; Rau, 1992; Sauerbronn, Sauerbronn, & Hasenclever, 2011; Souza & Lourenzani, 2011,
Roque, 2019). According to Toledo and Proença (2005), network factors have an influence on
the termination of contracts of some units. Identifying the fact that the expected standard is not
being met by the franchisor may lead to termination of the contract. It is important to mention
that the articles we studied mention that breach of trust between the parties is a strong indication
that the contract will not be renewed.
In listing the network factorsbased on their relevance in the studies mentioned here and also
on those set out in the Franchise Law, we arrived at the following: selection process, selection
of the point of sale, setting up the store, accompanying the opening, marketing, purchasing,
supervision and monitoring, innovation and new products, training, communication, manuals
and keeping promises.
2.5. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Network strategy and changes in the environment affect and influence the operation (Brandt,
2007). Where the unit is located can have an impact on the success of the business. The location
of the point of sale is one of the factors that can lead to a competitive advantage being enjoyed
by the units; the choice of location generally involves criteria that are defined by the franchisor,
which indicates or suggests them. When a franchise candidate is looking for a brand, the location
of the unit can be agreed in two ways. In the first way, the franchisee applies to operate a unit close
to where they live or work: the franchisee’s local knowledge, therefore, becomes their personal
resource. The second way is to apply for a vacancy in a place in which the franchisor believes
there is a market for its product or service. Both ways result in changing environments, which
can be impacted by several factors during the operation (Horton, 1968; Reimers & Clulow,
2004; Siqueira, Telles, Rocca, & Gaspar, 2015).
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51
Environmental condition refers to a place that supports the growth of organizations or their
maintenance (Ward, Duray, Leong, & Sum, 1995). This is the assumption of the Environmental
Theory. According to these authors, the external factors of the environment that influence the
business of the franchise unit are: operating costs, which are related to the increase in the
cost of inputs, such as labor, raw materials, transportation, telecommunications, utilities, rent,
health care, etc; availability of labor, which refers to concerns about the potential shortage
of technicians, clerks, and skilled and production workers; and market hostility, which are
changes in the market, such as increased competition and decreased demand locally. There are
also the more demanding quality standards that are imposed by the market: dynamism, which
is the speed at which products and services become obsolete; local innovation; and changes in
customer preferences.
The Environmental Theory explains some of the dimensions that can be complemented by
the Institutional Theory, which addresses the relationship with institutions, such as, for example,
regulatory processes. In the InstitutionalTheory, the environment forces organizations to conform
to collective norms (Oliver, 1988). According to the work of Grewal and Dharwadkar (2002),
the collective norms which might influence business are: regulation processes: regulatory
interactions with institutions that exist to ensure the stability, order and continuity of society
and social well-being; validation processes: processes that represent interaction with normative
institutions and give rise to socially acceptable behavior patterns; habituation processes: while
invisible, they are the basis of processes that give rise to cognition, that is, the standard has been
understood and accepted as a habit by the environment. The junction between these theories
indicates the challenges the unit faces in its life cycle, and that have a greater or lesser influence on
the results of the business and its difficulty to operate. Environmental factors can affect businesses
of various kinds, not just franchises (Coda, Krakauer & Berne ,, 2018; Paulino, 2010). Starting
from this premise, the external environment in which the unit is located may contain threats that
are impossible for either party (franchisee and franchisor) to control, such as strong competition
(Conti, Murdocco, Ferreira Jr, & Santos, 2014; Salar & Salar, 2014; Souza & Teixeira, 2013;
Cherto et al., 2006, Ribero et al. 2015).
2.6. FINANCIAL FACTORS
Businesses need to generate revenue which will enable them to survive during their life cycle.
Franchise units are the outcome, above all, of a business deal signed by a franchisor and franchisee,
the intention being to generate results for both parties.Their profit is the amount remaining after
all the cash inflows and outflows. Inflows come from payments received for selling products or
services, while outflows come from the company’s various obligations, including taxes, employee
costs, rents, and payments due to the franchisor, such as the franchise fee, royalties, and marketing
charges (Ribeiro et al., 2015).
Franchisees join the system because they are looking for a consolidated brand, support, resources,
and the ability to raise capital at a lower cost. Their choice is based on the belief that in the
future the unit will provide them with a fast and satisfactory financial return, or at least a return
that is compatible with that of their peers outside the franchise system (Cohen & Silva, 2000).
During the contract period, the franchisor is remunerated by the charges it levies. The initial
franchise fee, for example, is a specific investment by the franchisee at the beginning of the
contract to acquire the right to start operating. This fee generally includes initial training, help
with finding the location, and design of the establishments (Rodríguez, Caballer, & Guadalajara,
2011). During regular operation, there are other obligations that can vary from franchisor to
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52
franchisor, but which generally include a marketing/advertising fee and royalties. The return on
this investment is attributed to the franchisee and is directly linked to their effort and engagement,
both in operating the business and in promoting the brand (Sen, 1993). The fees charged may,
at some point, be seen by the franchisee as a threat to their results and taken as opportunism by
the franchisor. The franchisee may feel cheated and exploited if they do not see a return on this
transaction. The franchisor cannot afford to make a mistake when establishing tle price level of
these fees and charges, as this factor can make it unfeasible for the network to function (Toledo
& Proença, 2005). Also, when the franchisor uses the amount of the fee as a means of attracting
franchisees, charging less than the market may attract candidates who are only interested in
learning how to operate a buisiness and then abandon the franchise(Perryman & Combs, 2012).
According to Frazer (2001), the fees charged by franchises have a negative effect on franchisees
at some point in the life cycle of the franchise. Moreover, once the franchisee has acquired the
knowledge needed for managing the business, it becomes more difficult for the franchisor to
justify some of the ongoing charges (Blut et al., 2011).
In addition to the franchise costs, there are also fixed and variable costs for operating the business
(Lima, Luna, & Sousa, 2012). Although such costs affect business, regardless of whether it is a
franchise or not, what we present here are some of the peculiarities of the franchise system. For
example, in companies that are not associated with any brand, the owner can choose where to
operate in accordance with their own criteria. In the franchise system, on the other hand, it is the
franchisor who accepts or rejects a particular location after taking into account various strategic
factors. This difference may have a different impact on the operating cost of the business, and
consequently, on its profitability.
With regard to the question of the profitability of the business. some studies claim that when
franchisees have other sources of income they may divide their resources, time, and money with
these other sources. These individuals are generally classified as under-investors (Botti, Briec,
& Cliquet, 2009; Brickley, 1999; Chiou & Droge, 2015; Falbe & Welsh, 1998; Kacker, Dant,
Emerson, & Coughlan, 2015; Michael, 2000). Based on this principle, a franchisee who owns
other businesses may relegate the franchise unit into the background at the expense of more
profitable investments.
3. METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS
In order to build a theoretical essay it is assumed that the topic proposed needs to be gone into
in depth. According to Severino (2017), scientific work can take the form of an essay conceived as
a logical and reflective exposé, in which the authors introduce their own judgments and personal
interpretations. The author also points out that in this type of construction the authors have
greater freedom to defend a certain position.
3.1. CONSTRUCTION OF THE MODEL OF FACTORS THAT HAVE AN INFLUENCE ON THE
OPERATION
The aim of constructing the model of factors that have an influence on the operation is
to present an overview of the franchise system operation and to gather together the possible
uncertainties that may affect the business. The process includes those aspects that affected
the franchise candidate’s view before they entered the system, when the reasons they chose the
system are analyzed, and those factors that had an impact after the franchisee signed the contract
with the franchisor, such as individual factors, financial problems, problems that the external
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environment can bring to the franchise and what the franchisee expects from the network when
the business is fully functioning.
The literature review made it possible to expand our knowledge of phenomena related to the
challenges that franchisees face during their operation, which resulted in a model of factors.
When the model was being developed, it was understood that there are theories that explain
the challenges that franchisees face. There is a gap that does not clearly show the factors that
have an influence on the operation as a whole. Although there are studies that point to possible
causes of disruption, they are fragmented and not a framework for the subject. To find these
articles, the Web of Science, Ebsco and Spell databases were chosen, the first two being worldwide
databases and the third a database that carries Brazilian articles, which in many cases reflect the
reality found in Brazilian networks. We catalogued and evaluated 191 articles between 2014
and 2019. These works came from the above-mentioned databases and at some time addressed
the challenges and wishes that franchisees encountered in operating their units. Of the articles
we assessed, 71 form part of this work, because they throw light on the theme in some way or
another. We also read and catalogued 18 Brazilian books on the subject of franchising that have
been published in the last 25 years. Eight of these books made contributions that were of interest
to us as authors of this work.
The objective was to discuss the theories from which a model emerged of the factors that could
influence the operation of franchise units. Based on other studies and on the prior knowledge
of the researchers, the premises helped and enabled an inference to be drawn; in other words,
representations were reconstructed from a knowledge base in order to allow the work to go beyond
the material that was studied, thereby producing knowledge (Bauer, 2002 ; Richardson, 1999).
For Minayo (2011) the premises of literature must: be able to shed light on real issues; be
clear and intelligible, and; accurately present abstract relationships between the elements, facts
and processes they seek to explain or interpret.
The premises studied in the literature review, which are based on the theory of franchises and
business, served for preparing the proposed model. Its origin comes from precepts found both in
scientific literature and in management literature on franchising. In the “Model of factors that
are influential in franchising operations” section, an influence diagram is presented that covers
the aspects studied. This diagram is a construction that abstracts those factors that can at any
time influence the franchise operation, and that are variables that may or may not be controlled
by the franchisors.
4. A MODEL OF INFLUENTIAL FACTORS IN FRANCHISE
OPERATIONS
After reviewing the literature, an operation model was developed for studying the factors that
are influential in franchise operations, based on franchise and business theories. The model was
developed following the precepts of influence diagrams, which identify the uncertainties associated
with the research problem in order to represent the system.The influential factors in the operation
of the franchise unit are part of a system, in other words, a set of interrelated elements that have
a common objective (Howard & Matheson, 2005). Figure 1 shows the influence diagram with
the associated factors divided into temporal moments. In line with the prescriptive current
(Hammond, Keeney & Raiffa, 1999; McNamee & Celona, 2008), the objective is to clarify and,
if possible, simplify, albeit in superficial way, the uncertainties and complexities involved in this
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54
type of problem, thereby offering a support tool for those who take this type of decision. Oval
figures represent uncertainties, and double-line octagons are indicators for measuring the decision.
Franchisees experience two distinct moments in relation to their temporal conditions, as can
be seen in Figure 1: the first when choosing the franchise system, ex-ante (M1), and the second,
from the moment they started the unit’s operations, ex-post (M2).
Ex-ante:
Choosing the franchise system (E): Comprising four reasons: the search for resources (E1
),
understanding that perhaps the franchisor can offer resources that the candidate lacks for operating
the business; a consolidated brand (E2
), the franchise candidate seeks to operate with the backing
of a well-known brand, which is possibly better than being backed by a new brand; the cost
of raising capital (E3
), considering that access to financing is facilitated and; operational and
administrative support (E4
), believing that the franchisor can offer monitoring and support,
something that does not exist when setting up a business one one’s own.
Ex-post:
Environmental Factors (A): Comprising seven variables: local costs (A1
), to what extent the
cost of the location where the unit is established influences the business; labor (A2
), a lack of
labor can have a negative impact on the operation, and even on the operating costs; market
hostility (A3
), how competitive the competition in the unit’s market is; dynamism (A4
), local
consumers are, or are not used to innovation and novel products, and may, or may not abandon
already consolidated companies; validation processes (A5
), how consumers accept the business;
regulation processes (A6
), interactions with government institutions; habituation processes
(A7
), how consumers learn about and get used to the business.
Individual Factors (I): Comprising five characteristics: the ability to manage (I1
), the franchisee
feels secure in managing the business; relationship capability (I2), the franchisee’s ability to relate
with others in different situations, whether with suppliers, employees or with the franchisor itself;
entrepreneurial (I3), being proactive in solving the unit’s problems and proposing solutions to
the franchisor; perseverance (I4
), understanding that a business needs time to mature in order to
achieve success; loyalty to the franchisor (I5), the franchisee trusts and believes in the franchisor.
Network Factors (R): Comprising twelve obligations of the franchisor: selection process (R1
),
choosing the other franchisees in the network well; selecting the point of sale (R2
), the franchisor
seeks an excellent location for the units; setting up the store (R3
), the franchisor monitors the
units being assembled, thus ensuring that the chain is homogeneous; accompanying the opening
(R4
), the franchisor accompanies activities right from the beginning, curbing any vices and helping
with formatting; marketing (R5
), the franchisor supplies the marketing needs, both in the macro
and micro environments; purchases (R6), the franchisee supervises any purchases that might
have an impact on the operation; supervision and monitoring (R7
), the units receive regular
visits, so that both the physical installations and the employees involved are supervised; the unit is
monitored, the intention being to avoid any possible problems with loss-making units, which can
damage the network; innovation and new products (R8
), the speed with which the franchisor
launches new products/services in the market in which it operates, knowing that each market
has different demands; training (R9
), the franchisor offers continuous training to franchisees
and unit employees to maintain standards throughout the network; communication (R10
), the
franchisor keeps channels open and has good communication with the entire network, thus
avoiding problems due to a lack of dialogue and monitoring; manuals (R11
), manuals indicate
the procedures necessary for the daily operation of the franchise; keeping promises (R12
), this
item refers to the promises made to the franchisee when the unit was being purchased.
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Financial Factors (F): like environmental factors, they also comprise four variables: fixed
costs (F1), incidents inside or outside the franchise system, but with different nuances due
to standardization; variable costs (F2), as with fixed costs there may be changes in expenses,
depending on the franchise that the franchisee operates; profitability (F3), the franchise in
question offers an expected return on investment; franchisor’s fees (F4), the fees charged by the
franchisor for maintaining the partnership, brand and royalties and their impact on the business.
Figure 1. A model of influential factors in franchise operations
Source: prepared by the authors
5. CONCLUSION
This article sought to construct an abstraction of the environment found in franchise units.
From the choices made by its future franchisees to the daily operation of the unit, there are
many factors that can have an influence on the performance, survival, profitability, and even
the franchisee’s satisfaction with their unit. Preparing a model of influential factors in franchise
operations, therefore, leads to a conceptual discussion that is relevant in this field of studies
because such operations are still not well defined in academic literature.
The creation of a theory of management in franchises, which distances itself from traditional
economics, is an exploration opportunity that is different from the traditional ones in this field
of study, thus allowing other researchers to add to, or even critique this work in an effort to
advance scholarship in the topic.
The model shows that the factors that can have an influence on franchise operations emanate
from the two parties involved in it. Aspects related to the franchisor are those the network controls,
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56
while those relating to the franchisee refer to the individual characteristics of the franchisees,
generally prior to them entering the system.
The factors that have an influence on franchise operations, therefore, have two dimensions.
On the franchisor’s side these include communication problems, and a lack of supervision and
monitoring, while on the franchisee’s side they include little capacity to adapt, a lack of knowledge
of the system and low levels of proactivity.
Some of the factors found, therefore, are more difficult than others for franchisors to manage,
but they can be anticipated by the prior selection of franchisees and even by the latter’s own
analysis of the operation, so that future agency problems do not arise. Due to a lack of criteria
or systematization, or because of inexperience, the franchisor can, at any time, choose franchisee
candidates who may not become engaged with the business. The cost of this lack of ex-ante
analysis (choice) or even a lack of ex-post monitoring (regular operation) can ultimately lead to
the unit being closed down.
The proposal of this model is limited to the authors’ own findings based on existing literature
and,therefore, suffers from personal bias. It is known, however, that other models are possible
depending on the interests of the research and the central problems of the studies of other
researchers.
As a recommendation in terms of management, the model shows that results differ between
units: while a certain percentage that is charged as a one-off fee is plausible for one unit, for
another it may be beyond what is possible for them to pay. Franchises usually charge all units the
same fees, and in certain cases this may lead to asymmetry within the network. Less profitable
units, which can be impacted by a series of factors, such as higher rents, a poor supply of labor,
or labor costs that are higher because of the region, may feel there is a disparity in the charges.
It would then be a case of analyzing the charge based on value added or net result. Only then is
it possible to differentiate fees without causing the perception of an injustice being committed
in the network.
For future studies it is suggested that factors should be evaluated by way of empirical studies
to indicate which have a greater or lesser influence on the operation of franchise units. Existing
literature on franchising covers part of the problem, but does so generically and based mainly
on the viewpoint of the franchisor, with little account being taken of the views of the franchisee.
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AUTHOR’S CONTRIBUTION
HSA – Prepared the research concept, the formal analysis, the investigation, the methodology, managed the project
phases, wrote the original draft and revised the final version.
MRL – Took part in the invetsigation, the methodology, and data validation, and revised the final version.
PTSN – Took part in the conceptualization, the formal analysis and the methodology and wrote the original draft.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
There are no conflicts of interest.