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1. UNIVERSIDAD MAGISTER
FACULTAD DE EDUCACIÓN
CARRERA DE LICENCIATURA EN LA ENSEÑANZA DEL INGLÉS
MEMORIA PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE LICENCIATURA EN LA ENSEÑANZA DEL INGLÉS
“A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE MISUSAGE OF THE COMMUNICATIVE
APPROACH AT LICEO NOCTURNO DE DESAMPARADOS IN 2014”
KIMBERLY LEIVA ARAYA
KARINA ZAPATA CHACÓN
SEPTEMBER 2014

2. PROBLEM STATEMENT
• The Communicative Approach usage in the English lessons.
• English teaching and learning process.
• Lack of English knowledge from the students.

3. GENERAL OBJECTIVE
To mention the implications of the misusage of the
communicative approach putting in evidence that the students
are not able to communicate in a foreign language.

4. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
• To obtain teachers’ opinions in regards to limitations presented by the students
when learning a second/foreign language.
• To identify the teaching method that is used in the English class by the teacher.
• To distinguish how the environment affects the teachers and students
commitment within the teaching and learning processes.

5. • To determine the learning barriers faced by the students in
second language acquisition.
• To elaborate a workshop for the English teachers about the
Communicative Approach.

6. VARIABLES
1. The teacher.
2. Teaching Methods.
3. The teacher’s and student’s commitment with the language.
4. The student.

7. INSTITUTION
Liceo Nocturno de Desamparados, as a public educational institution,
was founded in 1968. Located in an area with difficult socioeconomic
characteristics, the population of this high school has personal
shortcomings.

8. This center has 84 scholarships and applies the curricular
accommodations necessaries for the students.
It has the services of cafeteria, library, and photocopying. It is
important notice that this center involves its students in cultural
and sports activities.
In addition, in the subjects are included accounting and
computer science but the focus of those subjects are poor.

9. DISTRICTS OF DESAMPARADOS CANTON

10. POPULATION SAMPLE
The population in this research consists in the English teachers from
Liceo Nocturno de Desamparados and its students. Regarding to the
sample, there is one group by level.

11. DATA COLLECTING INSTRUMENTS
• Observation: some observations were made in order to detail the
English lessons and how those are developed.
• Survey: there was a survey applied to the students with the purpose
of being conscious about specific details about them.
• Interview: with the intention of knowing more about the teachers’
profile, an interview was applied

12. • Specific Objective 1: To obtain teachers’ opinions in regards to limitations
presented by the students when learning a second/foreign language.
• Variable or category: The teacher
• Conceptual definition: The teacher is the person that guides the daily activities of
the students in each English lesson, including in the study of this variable the
methods applied by him/her as part of the teaching process.
• Operational Definition: In order to measure this variable, the English teachers
are asked about their English lessons, how they develop them, what method they
consider the most effective and the techniques applied to promote the four skills
on the students.
• Instrumental Definition: In order to obtain the information for this variable,
there is one observation applied for two of the lessons of the English teachers and
they also have to complete an interview that will help to know more about the
commitment from them respect to what they do in the class.

13. • Specific Objective 2: To identify the teaching method that is used in the English class
by the teacher
• Variable or category: Teaching Methods
• Conceptual definition: The methods are the techniques used by the teacher to
instruct English as a second language. The methods applied by the teachers in their lessons
should promote the development of the four skills on the students.
• Operational Definition:To measure this variable, teachers are asked about the
methods they use in their English lessons, how those methods are developed and how
those methods help on the four skills’ improvement of the students.
• Instrumental Definition: In order to obtain the information for this variable, there is
one observation applied on two lessons of each English teacher to identify the usage or
misusage of the Communicative Approach. There is an interview applied to the teachers
that provides to the researchers, the educators’ opinion about the Communicative
Approach. The students have to answer a survey to identify their preferences during the
learning process.

14. • Specific Objective 3: To distinguish how the environment affects the teachers and
students commitment within the teaching and learning processes.
• Variable or category: The teachers and students` commitment with the language.
• Conceptual definition: For this research, the commitment with the language from both
parts is the responsibility to be interested as students for getting the knowledge of the
English language and as teachers to transmit to the students through the learning process
the ability of transmit a message in English.
• Operational Definition: To measure this variable, teachers and students are asked
about the barriers they consider as the most relevant that affects the English learning
process, as well as their points of view regarding the English lessons. The teachers are asked
about the solution they put in practice to eliminate those barriers.
• Instrumental Definition: In order to obtain the information for this variable, there is
one observation applied to the lessons of each English teacher, also all of English teachers
and students have to complete an interview and survey respectively to know the feeling
they have at the time to share an English lesson.

15. • Specific Objective 4: To determine the learning barriers faced by the students in second
language acquisition.
• Variable or category: The student
• Conceptual definition: For this research, the student is the person who is guided for the teacher
to learn a new language, transmitted by the teacher that use different methods and strategies to
achieve it; and as a part of the teaching and learning process is important to know how they
acquired a second language.
• Operational Definition: To measure this variable, the students are asked about their points of
view about the English lessons they receive as well as their learning preferences at the time of
learning this second language in order to identify the interested presented on them for the language.
• Instrumental Definition: In order to obtain the information for this variable, there is one
observation during the English lessons, and also some questions applied to the students as part of
the survey.

16. Graph 1 CURRICULAR ACCOMODATION
(BYLEVEL)
Source: Survey applied to students from LiceoNocturno de Desamparados, 2014.

17. Graph 1 STUDENTS` OPINION ABOUT ENGLISH AS A DIFFICULT SUBJECT
(Total-Percentages)
Source: Survey applied to students from LiceoNocturno de Desamparados, 2014.

18. Graph 1 APPREACION FOR THE ENGLISH
(TOTAL PERCENTAGES)
Source: Survey applied to students from LiceoNocturno de Desamparados, 2014.

19. Graph 1 STUDENTS` LEARNING STYLE
(BYLEVEL)
Source: Survey applied to students from LiceoNocturno de Desamparados, 2014.

20. Graph 1 STUDENT`S MOTIVATION TO LEARN ENGLISH
(TOTAL PERCENTAGES)
Source: Survey applied to students from LiceoNocturno de Desamparados, 2014.

21. Graph 1 LANGUAGE USE IN THE CLASSROOM
(TOTAL PERCENTAGES)
Source: Survey applied to students from LiceoNocturno de Desamparados, 2014.

22. CONCLUSIONS
• The Communicative Approach is not being applied during the English lessons.
• The students are not able to transmit a message in English and they do not show
confidence regarding the oral skills.
• There is a constant use of the Grammar Translation approach that brings as consequence
the monotonous classes and the lack of interest from the students to the subject.
• Due the population that includes different ages, is difficult for the teachers to control the
behavior of the students and to get the compromise from them to the subject.
• It is important to mention how affected are the lessons because of the dinning schedule
that interrupts the classes, for this reason some students loose the program of the class.

23. RECOMMENDATIONS
• Teachers should apply the Communicative Approach in English lessons to help the students to develop
their skills.
• The English lessons need to include the four skills in order to provide to the students the confidence they
need at the time of speaking, through the activities developed in the lessons. To do that the student
speaks in English should be the main goal of English teachers.
• Teachers should make use of the Communicative Approach and change the routine on the lessons; they
have to increase the interest of the students using different techniques.
• Teachers should find different strategies to catch the students’ attention, and provide to the students
information about the importance of having a second language in order to increase the commitment with
English.
• The administrative part has to change the schedule for the students to take the dinner without affect the
lessons.

24. PROPOSAL
• General Objective: To develop activities based on the Communicative
Approach to promote its use in the classrooms at Liceo Nocturno de
Desamparados.

25. Specific Objectives:
• To promote the implementation of the Communicative Approach in
the English lessons.
• To apply the different techniques and methodologies that
Communicative Approach involves.
• To show the situation in which the students are involved in each
English class, to motivate the teachers to use the Communicative
Approach.