This document provides information about the presidencies of Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter. It discusses how Ford pardoned Nixon and saw a decline in approval ratings. Ford continued Nixon's foreign policy and met with NATO and Warsaw Pact leaders to sign the Helsinki Accords. Carter defeated Ford in 1976 and took office facing issues like inflation, but was unable to pass major reforms. His "national malaise" speech was criticized for blaming Americans. The Iranian hostage crisis dominated Carter's last year in office, with the hostages finally being released as Reagan became president.

2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xViu

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4. • On September 8,
1974, President
Gerald Ford granted
a full pardon to
Richard Nixon.
• Ford’s approval
rating plunged from
71 percent to 50
percent.

5. • Ford continued the foreign policy
of Nixon.
• In August 1975, Ford met with
leaders of NATO and the Warsaw
Pact to sign the Helsinki
Accords.
– parties recognized the borders
of Eastern Europe established
at the end of World War II.
– The Soviets promised to
uphold certain basic human
rights but later went back on
this promise
Helsinki,
Finland

6. Ford and
his wife
Betty after
1976
Republican
nomination

7. Ford and Jimmy Carter debateFord and Jimmy Carter debate

9. • In the election of 1976,
Democratic candidate
Jimmy Carter won with 50.1
percent of the popular vote.
• Carter was seen as a
person of high morals and
an upstanding personality.

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11. • Carter entered office with no clear political
philosophy or vision:
– Deregulated the airline industry which
lowered prices
– But…his attempts to reform welfare & Social
Security failed
– He had no remedy for soaring inflation,
interest rates, & bank failures that hurt the
economy
In 1979, Carter gave the “national malaise”
speech in which he discussed the importance
of conserving energy but seemed to blame
Americans for creating a “crisis in
confidence”

13. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/featur
es/bonus-video/presidents-economy-carter/

16. 1. Los Angeles, CA
2. Visalia, CA
3. Bakersfield, CA
4. Fresno, CA
5. Hanford, CA
6. Sacramento, CA
7. Houston, TX
8. Dallas, TX
9. Washington, D.C./Baltimore
10. El Centro, CA
2013
CBS News

17. • Marine biologist Rachel
Carson wrote of the
increase of pesticides in
her book Silent Spring.
• She argued that the
pesticides that killed
insects were also killing
birds and fish.

21. •What did Rachel Carson’s book Silent
Spring focus on?
The use of pesticides and their negative
effects

22. •How did people react to Rachel Carson’s
book Silent Spring?
made people focus on environmental
concerns. The chemical industry began an
intense campaign to discredit Carson and
her arguments

26. • The Clean Water Act of
1972 restricted the
discharge of pollutants
into the nation’s lakes and
rivers.
• The Endangered Species
Act of 1973 established
measures for saving
threatened animal species.

27. 2010 BP oil spill is one of the worst
oil spill in history, surpassing the
damage done by the Exxon Valdez
tanker that spilled 11 million gallons
of oil

32. http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2010/05/01/us/20100501-oil-spill-tracker.html

35. Cuyahoga River Fire Nov. 3, 1952Cuyahoga River Fire Nov. 3, 1952

36. Former reporter Richard Ellers says he didn't appreciate the thickness of the pollution on Cuyahoga

45. The environment is still a current issue
of concern
• Energy conservation
• Oil consumption/ gas prices
• Global warming
• Water conservation

46. •List three measures taken to combat
environmental problems in the 1960s and
1970s.
•three of the following: Clean Air Act,
Clean Water Act, Endangered Species Act,
creation of the EPA, Earth Day
•.

47. •Why was the Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) created?
•enforcing pollution standards, promoting
research, and coordinating anti-pollution
activities with state and local governments.

48. • “Everyone has the right to a
peaceful coexistence, the basic
personal freedoms, the
alleviation of suffering, and the
opportunity to lead a
productive life”-Jimmy Carter
• Expand the personal freedom
of the US to other parts of the
world
• Panama Canal-return the area
to Panama completely in 1999

49. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/bonus-
video/presidents-endingwar-carter/

50. Religion People Holy Book Important
Person
Building
Judaism Jews Torah (1st
five
books of the
Bible)
Abraham &
Moses
Synagogue
Christianity Christians Bible Jesus Church
Islam Muslims Qur’an Muhammad Mosque

51. https://www.youtube.
com/watch?
v=Y58njT2oXfE
https://www.youtu
be.com/watch?
v=XGYxLWUKw
Wo

52. Carter signed a nuclear arms treaty called SALT II with
the Soviets. The treaty was opposed by the Senate.

53. Ohio-class submarine with
Trident nuclear missile capability

54. Carter hoped to limit nuclear arms & advance human rights, but
found himself in a heightened Cold War

56. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_6RGeqNFaQM

57. • The religious leader
Ayatollah Khomeini
distrusted the U. S.
Revolutionaries stormed
the American embassy in
Tehran and held 52
Americans hostage.
• The hostages would not be
released until Carter’s last
day in office, some 444
days in captivity.

59. The hostages were freed just minutesThe hostages were freed just minutes
afterafter Ronald ReaganRonald Reagan was inauguratedwas inaugurated
president on January 20, 1981!president on January 20, 1981!
Carter’s 1980 approval rating was 23%