Lasers & endodontics final /orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Lasers & endodontics final /orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
On Wednesday, 26 October, 2011, AFOSR hosted Prof. Robert L. Byer as the guest speaker at the first of our AFOSR 60th Anniversary Commemorative Seminar Series.
A professor at Stanford University since 1969, and a world leader in lasers and nonlinear optics, Prof. Byer has a significant legacy of contributions to the scientific community. His demonstration of the first tunable visible parametric oscillator, and the development of the Q-switched unstable resonator Nd:YAG laser, are among just a few of his accomplishments. At present, he is developing nonlinear optical materials and laser diode pumped solid state laser sources for applications to gravitational wave detection and to laser particle acceleration.
Lasers in dentistry (2)/ orthodontic course by indian dental academyIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Dr. Howard Schlossberg presents an overview of his program, Lasers and Optics, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Riq Parra presents an overview of his program, Ultrashort Pulse (USP) Laser -- Matter Interactions, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
INTRODUCTION OF LASERS IN ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY
INITIAL USE IN ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY
CHARACTERISTICS OF LASER LIGHT
CLASSIFICATION OF LASERS
TISSUE INTERACTION
TYPES OF LASERS
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
LASER SAFETY IN SURGERY AND ANESTHESIA
PATIENT SELECTION
APPLICATIONS
SURGICAL LASER TECHNIQUE
APPLIED ASPECTS
RECENT ADVANCES
COMPLICATIONS
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
On Wednesday, 26 October, 2011, AFOSR hosted Prof. Robert L. Byer as the guest speaker at the first of our AFOSR 60th Anniversary Commemorative Seminar Series.
A professor at Stanford University since 1969, and a world leader in lasers and nonlinear optics, Prof. Byer has a significant legacy of contributions to the scientific community. His demonstration of the first tunable visible parametric oscillator, and the development of the Q-switched unstable resonator Nd:YAG laser, are among just a few of his accomplishments. At present, he is developing nonlinear optical materials and laser diode pumped solid state laser sources for applications to gravitational wave detection and to laser particle acceleration.
Lasers in dentistry (2)/ orthodontic course by indian dental academyIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Dr. Howard Schlossberg presents an overview of his program, Lasers and Optics, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Riq Parra presents an overview of his program, Ultrashort Pulse (USP) Laser -- Matter Interactions, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
INTRODUCTION OF LASERS IN ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY
INITIAL USE IN ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY
CHARACTERISTICS OF LASER LIGHT
CLASSIFICATION OF LASERS
TISSUE INTERACTION
TYPES OF LASERS
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
LASER SAFETY IN SURGERY AND ANESTHESIA
PATIENT SELECTION
APPLICATIONS
SURGICAL LASER TECHNIQUE
APPLIED ASPECTS
RECENT ADVANCES
COMPLICATIONS
Light is an integral part of our life. Advances in technology are increasing and changing the ways that the patient experience dental treatment. One of the milestones in technological advancements in dentistry is the use of lasers The early 20th century saw one of the greatest inventions in science & technology, in that LASERS which later went on to became a gift to health sciences. Albert Einstein is usually credited for the development of the laser theory. He was the first one to coin the term “Stimulated Emission” in his publication “Zur Quantentheorie der Strahlung”, published in 1917 in the “Physikalische Zeitschrift”
Lasers are devices that produce beams of coherent and very high intensity light. The word LASER is an acronym for “Light Amplification by Stimulated\Emission of Radiation”. A crystal or gas is excited to emit light photons of a characteristic wavelength that are amplified and filtered to make a coherent light beam. The effect of the laser depends upon the power of the beam and the extent to which the beam absorbed. Several types of lasers are available based on the wavelengths. These range from long wavelengths (infrared), to visible wavelengths, to short wavelengths (ultraviolet), to special ultraviolet lasers called excimers. Lasers are used nowadays in many areas in the field of dentistry It is of the most captivating technologies in dental practice. Even though, introduced as an alternative to the traditional halogen curing light, laser now has become the instrument of choice, in many dental applications. Its advancements in the field of dentistry are playing a major role in patient care and well being.
Dr. John D. Schmisseur presents an overview of his program, Aerothermodynamics & Turbulence, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Chiping Li presents an overview of his program, Energy Conversion and Combustion Sciences, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Mitat A. Birkan presents an overview of his program, Space Propulsion and Power, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Michael Berman presents an overview of his program, Molecular Dynamics & Theoretical Chemistry, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Patrick Bradshaw presents an overview of his program, Sensory Information Systems, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Patrick Bradshaw presents an overview of his program, Human Performance and Biosystems, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. John D. Schmisseur presents an overview of his program, Energy, Power and Propulsion Sciences, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Hugh C. DeLong presents an overview of his program, Natural Materials and Systems, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Joycelyn S. Harrison presents an overview of her program, Low Density Materials, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Charles Lee presents an overview of his program, Organic Materials Chemistry, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Ali Sayir presents an overview of his program, Aerospace Materials for Extreme Environments, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Harold Weinstock presents an overview of his program, Quantum Electronic Solids, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Jim Hwang presents an overview of his program, Adaptive Multimode Sensing, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Jim Hwang presents an overview of his program, GHz-THz Electronics, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Gernot S. Pomrenke presents an overview of his program, Photonics and Optoelectronics, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. B.L. "Les" Lee presents an overview of his program, Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Microsystems, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Hugh C. DeLong presents an overview of his program, Complex Materials and Devices, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Jay Myung presents an overview of his program, Computational Cognition and Robust Decision Making, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Frederica Darema presents an overview of his program, Dynamic Data Driven Applications Systems (DDDAS), at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Tristan Nguyen presents an overview of his program, Sensing, Surveillance and Navigation, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
More from The Air Force Office of Scientific Research (20)
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
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The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
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Gopinath Rebala
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See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
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👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
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In questo evento online gratuito, organizzato dalla Community Italiana di UiPath, potrai esplorare le nuove funzionalità di Autopilot, il tool che integra l'Intelligenza Artificiale nei processi di sviluppo e utilizzo delle Automazioni.
📕 Vedremo insieme alcuni esempi dell'utilizzo di Autopilot in diversi tool della Suite UiPath:
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Autopilot per Studio
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👨🏫👨💻 Speakers:
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Flavio Martinelli, UiPath MVP 2023, Technical Account Manager @UiPath
Andrei Tasca, RPA Solutions Team Lead @NTT Data
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Schlossberg - Lasers and Optics - Spring Review 2012
1. Lasers and Optics
07 MAR 2012
Howard Schlossberg
Program Manager
AFOSR/RSE
Integrity Service Excellence Air Force Research Laboratory
9 March 2012 DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 1
2. 2012 AFOSR SPRING REVIEW
2301A PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
NAME: Dr. Howard Schlossberg
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PORTFOLIO:
RESEARCH IN LASERS, OPTICS, AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
LIST SUB-AREAS IN PORTFOLIO:
- LASERS
- NON-LINEAR OPTICS
- LASER-MATTER INTERACTIONS
- MICRO-SYSTEMS
2
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
3. Anthony E. Siegman
1931 - 2011
3
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
4. Anthony E. Siegman
1931 - 2011
4
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
5. Anthony E. Siegman
1931 - 2011
•Invention of Unstable Resonator – 1965
•Keeper of the Modes
•Invention of M2 - 1990
•Ultrashort Pulse Measurements
Tony Wrote the Book on
Lasers
5
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
6. LASERS
6
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
7. Portfolio Summary (Detail)
• High Average Power Solid-State Lasers
• Ceramic Laser Solid-State Materials
• Fiber Lasers
• Thin Disk Semiconductor Lasers
• X-PALS
• Modest Power Lasers
• Mid-Infrared Semiconductor Lasers
• Mid-Infrared Fiber Lasers
• Nonlinear Optics
• Nonlinear Frequency Conversion
• Ultrashort Pulses
• Extreme Light
• High Harmonic Generation
• Mid-and Long Wave Frequency Combs
To Dr. Parra
• X-Ray Imaging
• Micromachining
• Microplasma Arrays
• Specialized Lighting
• Plasma chemistry
• Plasma transistor
• RF modulation, protection (DARPA) 7
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
8. AFOSR Study of 6.1 Opportunities in High
Energy and High Power Lasers
• Ceramic Solid-State Laser Materials
• Spatially Varying Index and Doping Concentration
• Non-Isotropic hosts
• Fiber Lasers
• Ultra-short, Ultra-Intense Pulses
• Matter Interactions, Propagation, X-Ray Beams
• Integrate with HPL JTO Programs
High Energy Solid-State, and Some Gas, Lasers Today
are an Exercise in Mode Conversion
8
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
9. AGENDA
• Ceramic Solid-State Lasers
• X-Pals, Three Level Lasers
• Photonic Bandgap Gas Lasers
• Ultraviolet Harmonic Lasers
• Multiple Line Pulsed Lasers
Technology Transfer Examples
• Infrared Short Pulse FTIR
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
9
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
10. AGENDA
• Ceramic Solid-State Lasers
• X-Pals, Three Level Lasers
• Photonic Bandgap Gas Lasers
• Ultraviolet Harmonic Lasers
• Multiple Line Pulsed Lasers
Technology Transfer Examples
• Infrared Short Pulse FTIR
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
10
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
11. Ceramic laser gain media offer a number of important
advantages over single crystals and glasses
:
• Ceramic media can be fabricated with arbitrary shapes and size.
• Ceramics are well suited to produce composite gain media,
consisting e.g. of parts with different doping levels, or even different
dopants
• Spatially varying doping profiles are relatively easily possible. These
aspects give additional freedom in laser design.
• Significantly higher doping concentration can be achieved without
quenching effects degrading the laser efficiency.
• Some materials, e.g. sesquioxides are very difficult to grow into
single crystals, and much easier to obtain in ceramic form.
11
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
12. Ceramic Solid-State Laser Materials
Program Examples
• Ikesue (JTO, Dr. Caster)
– Processing, diagnostics
– Navy does characterization, lasing (Shori)
• Ballato - Clemson (JTO, Dr Sayir)
– Sesquioxides
• Byer – Stanford (JTO, AFOSR)
– Nd, Yb, Tm doped ceramics, Tm fibers
– Works with U. Central Florida (Gaume)
• Wu – Alfred University (AFOSR YIP)
– Yb doped Sr5(PO4)3F (Yb:S-FAP)
• Excellent properties as laser host
• Prototype uniaxial material
12
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
13. AFOSR Sponsored Ceramic Research Meeting in Nagoya
13
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
14. AGENDA
• Ceramic Solid-State Lasers
• X-Pals, Three Level Lasers
• Photonic Bandgap Gas Lasers
• Ultraviolet Harmonic Lasers
• Multiple Line Pulsed Lasers
Technology Transfer Examples
• Infrared Short Pulse FTIR
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
14
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
15. DPALS (Cesium)
There is no requirement that the
pumping frequency be much higher
than the frequency emitted as long as
the difference in frequency is much
greater than kT/h, which can assure
the possibility of negative
temperatures.
Schawlow and Townes, Phys. Rev.
112, 1940 (1958).
15
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
16. XPALS SYSTEM: Cs-Ar
14 Cs-Ar
2
B Δε
12
Energy (10 cm )
-1
2
6 P
10
3
~837 nm
852.1 nm
1
2
2 6 S
0 X
4 5 6 6 7
Interatomic Distance (Å)
Continuous tunability between 4, 3, and 2 level systems
16
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
17. XPALS SUMMARY
• The extracted decay constants from laser
excitation spectra yield transition region
slope of -3/2 kT
• ~0.7 kT is a critical value of the energy
separation between adjacent laser levels
• 4 level laser system collapses in a kT
interval of ~ 2 meV
18
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
18. AGENDA
• Ceramic Solid-State Lasers
• X-Pals, Three Level Lasers
• Photonic Bandgap Gas Lasers
• Ultraviolet Harmonic Lasers
• Multiple Line Pulsed Lasers
Technology Transfer Examples
• Infrared Short Pulse FTIR
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
19
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
19. PHOTONIC BANDGAP GAS LASERS
•Diode-pumped gas laser
•Long interaction length allows small absorption
•Enhanced efficiency possible through V-V collisions
•Large mode area or coherent coupling possible
•Corwin - Kansas State U
• U. New Mexico
•University of Bath 20
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
20. C2H2 Laser Spectrum and Transitions
Energy states
Potential Lasing States
v1+v3 600
~ 3.1 m
Spectral Intensity (arb. units)
C2H2 Pressure = 111 torr
1.7 m 500
Actual Wavelengths:
~1.5 m
v1 400
v3 3114.6 nm, R(11)
~ 3.8 m
3172.4 nm, P(13)
~ 3.8 m
300 Herman, J. Chem. Ref. Data 32, (2003).
v2
8 m
v5 200
13 m v4
Vibrational ground state
00000 100
ν1 H C C H 0
3.113 3.114 3.115 3.171 3.172 3.173
ν3 H C C H
Wavelength (m)
21
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
21. AGENDA
• Ceramic Solid-State Lasers
• X-Pals, Three Level Lasers
• Photonic Bandgap Gas Lasers
• Ultraviolet Harmonic Lasers
• Multiple Line Pulsed Lasers
Technology Transfer Examples
• Infrared Short Pulse FTIR
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
23
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
22. T. Carmon, Univ. Michigan
Objective: Continuous-in-Time Micro-Emitter at the Extreme UV
Concept:
1) Nonlinear medium
Xenon gas
2) Optical Enhancement by
IR recirculating in a micro-resonator
Local enhancement by metal (Orange)
Compact cw telecom source, no meter-scaled pulsed lasers
3) Indications for High Harmonics
UV detection with an optical spectrum analyzer
Free Electron detection via current monitoring between electrodes
Compact CW IR -e XUV
Laser pump
UV
Xe +
24
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
23. Tal Carmon, Univ. Michigan
Accomplishments: continuous 4th-Harmonic Generation
UV Extreme UV
results
Past
3rd Harmonics & 3rd-order sum-frequency
generation (separately measured during
Experimentally Demonstrated: different experiments, Nature Phys. 2007)
–UV 4th-harmonic generation [Opt. Exp. 2011]
– Laser emission with incoherent pumping [Adv.
Mater. 2011]
This year
–HyperRaman emission (two-photon-excited
analog of Raman) [Appl. Phys. Lett. 2012,
accepted]
•Theoretically analyzed: Continuous-in-time pump, 2nd-, 3rd-, & 4th-
–An atom-plasmon-resonator system [New J. harmonics emission. Opt. Exp. 2011
Phys., To be submitted]
25
Papers are in collaboration with Cohen, Bartal (Technion), Jarrahi (U of M), Rotschild & Baldo (MIT)
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
24. AGENDA
• Ceramic Solid-State Lasers
• X-Pals, Three Level Lasers
• Photonic Bandgap Gas Lasers
• Ultraviolet Harmonic Lasers
• Multiple Line Pulsed Lasers
Technology Transfer Examples
• Infrared Short Pulse FTIR
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
27
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
25. Laser Locking for Short Pulse Generation
• Pulse synthesis with wavelength and coherent beam combining integrated
into single setup
– Wavelength beam combining controls frequencies
– Coherent beam combining is implemented with feedback from single-phase sensitive
metric
• Advantages
– Scalability
– Reconfigurability
– Large pulse energies, high repetition rates, short optical pulses
– Pulse generation in laser systems, or spectral regions where difficult
28
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
26. Laser Locking
This work
Individual phase Single metric
measurement measurement
f 1, f c f 1, f c
f 2, f c f 2, f c
fn, fc fn, fc
f 1 f 2f n J(f1 f2…fn)
Feedback Feedback
• Feedback is based on single phase sensitive metric
– Allows control of large arrays!
• Stochastic parallel gradient descent algorithm is used for feedback
– Determine performance metric and apply random changes to all inputs
– Update parameters with stochastic gradient
u n1 u n n J n u n
j j j j
– Vary current to laser arrays to cause phase shift from thermally induced
index of refraction change
29
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
27. AGENDA
• Ceramic Solid-State Lasers
• X-Pals, Three Level Lasers
• Photonic Bandgap Gas Lasers
• Ultraviolet Harmonic Lasers
• Multiple Line Pulsed Lasers
Technology Transfer Examples
• Infrared Short Pulse FTIR
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
30
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
28. Dual-comb FT spectroscopy
GaSe
31
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
29. AGENDA
• Ceramic Solid-State Lasers
• X-Pals, Three Level Lasers
• Photonic Bandgap Gas Lasers
• Ultraviolet Harmonic Lasers
• Multiple Line Pulsed Lasers
Technology Transfer Examples
• Infrared Short Pulse FTIR
• Optical Coherence Tomography
(OCT)
32
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
30. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
• Invented with AFOSR funding
• Very broad-based optical
diagnostic technique.
• Expanded under program to
include Doppler and polarization-
sensitive OCT.
• Recent breakthroughs in speed –
spectral and swept source OCT –
and resolution.
• Military examples:
– Burn depth measurement.
– Blood flow.
– Airway damage.
• Civilian spin-off examples:
– Eye problems.
– Coronary artery disease
– Barrett’s Esophagus.
• Over 16 million eye diagnostics in 2010
• Over 50 thousand coronary artery 33
procedures to date DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
31. Problem: High mortality from smoke
Inhalation Injury
• 27% of Army burn admissions suffer inhalation injuries
• 10 times greater mortality than other burn patients
• No technology for early diagnosis
Solution: OCT imaging enables early detection
Airway - normal
Inflammation following smoke
inhalation
Advances in speed of OCT imaging and
unique optical probe design enables high
resolution 3D airway imaging
Status: Clinical trials proposed for USAISR & BAMC 34
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
32. Artery Wall
Lipid
Intracoronary OCT Calcium
Macrophages
Stent
3D OCT of Human Coronary Artery in vivo
• Next major intracoronary imaging modality
• Identifies plaques before heart attack
• Guide stent intervention
• 3 major companies
• Over 50,000 patients imaged