This document provides an overview of key concepts in the geography of religion. It defines religion and discusses major world religions including their origins, branches or divisions, and basic precepts. Universalizing religions like Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism originated from individual founders and spread widely. Ethnic religions like Hinduism and Judaism developed within particular regions and diffused less. The document examines religious landscapes, conflicts, and interactions around the world.
Hum100: The Flowering of Religion: Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and BuddhismFrancisco Pesante
Objectives:
1. Identify the central teachings from Judaism, early Christianity, early Islam, and Buddhism.
2. Explain how Judaism, early Christianity, early Islam, and Buddhism reflect the individual’s role in the world and with the deity.
3. Describe the connections between the humanities and Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism.
An Invitation to the Study of World Religions Chapter 1ProfessorWatson
Exploring Chapter 1: An Invitation to the Study of World Relgions
Invitation to World Religions (2nd Edition)
Authors: Jeffrey Brodd, Layne Little, Brad Nystrom, Robert Platzner, Richard Shek, Erin Stiles
Hum100: The Flowering of Religion: Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and BuddhismFrancisco Pesante
Objectives:
1. Identify the central teachings from Judaism, early Christianity, early Islam, and Buddhism.
2. Explain how Judaism, early Christianity, early Islam, and Buddhism reflect the individual’s role in the world and with the deity.
3. Describe the connections between the humanities and Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism.
An Invitation to the Study of World Religions Chapter 1ProfessorWatson
Exploring Chapter 1: An Invitation to the Study of World Relgions
Invitation to World Religions (2nd Edition)
Authors: Jeffrey Brodd, Layne Little, Brad Nystrom, Robert Platzner, Richard Shek, Erin Stiles
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
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The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
2. Geography of Religion
• What is Religion?
• Major Religions & Divisions
• Religious Landscapes
• Religious Conflict and Interaction
3. Religion
• A set of beliefs
– existence of a higher power, spirits or god
– an explanation of the origins and purpose
of humans and their role on earth
– Which involves rituals, festivals, rites of
passage and space (religious landscapes)
4. Key Terms
• Universalizing Religion: attempts to
appeal to all people, not just those living
in a particular location.
• Proselytize: to try to convert people to
one’s belief or opinion.
5. Key Terms
• Ethnic Religions: concentrated spatial
distribution whose principles are likely
based on physical characteristics of a
particular location.
6. Key Terms
• Monotheism: existence of only one god.
• Polytheism: existence of many gods.
• Cosmogony: A set of religious beliefs
concerning the origin of the universe.
7. • Branch: A large and fundamental
division within a religion.
• Denomination: A division within a
branch of a religion.
• Sect: A relatively small denominational
group that has broken away from an
established church.
Religious Divisions
8. Major World Religions
• Universalizing Religions
– Christianity
– Islam
– Buddhism
• Traced to actions and teaching of a
man
• Diffused from specific hearths by
followers / missionaries
9. Major World Religions
• Ethnic Religions
– Hinduism
– Judaism
– all Animistic Religions
• No specific founder
• limited diffusion / no missionaries
14. Christianity
• Origin and Diffusion
Palestine (modern Israel)
Universalizing
Religion
What are the 3
branches?
• Branches
Roman Catholic
Protestant
Eastern Orthodox
15. Christianity
• Origin and Diffusion
Messiah: Jesus
Universalizing Religion
• Branches
Roman Catholic
Protestant
Eastern Orthodox
16.
17.
18. • Basic Precepts
Belief in One God
Father, Son & Holy Spirit
Covenant (contract) with God
New Testament - salvation to those who believe
in Jesus Christ and his teachings
Salvation is by grace or belief not works
Believers to to heaven with everlasting life
Conversion of others (proselytize)
Christianity
19. • Catholicism - largest branch
Headed by the Pope
direct link to God
Ceremonial - 7 sacraments
baptism, marriage, Eucharist, etc.
Very traditional
Christianity
20. • Protestantism - (1517) Reformation era
No Pope needed
individual has direct link to God
Grace through faith rather than sacraments
forgiveness for sins through indiv. prayers
Spread though N. Europe and England
arose same time as 1466 Gutenberg Bible and the
printing press
Christianity
21. • Eastern Orthodoxy - 5th Century split
Rivalry between Pope and Patriarch of
Constantinople (Istanbul)
Rome remained center for Roman Catholicism
Rejected Roman Catholicism doctrine
by 1054 officially split
National Churches
Russian, Greek, Serbian Orthodox, etc.
Christianity
22.
23.
24.
25.
26. Islam
• Origin and Diffusion
Mecca, Muhammad
Universalizing Religion
• Branches
Sunni (majority)
Shiite
27.
28.
29. Islam
• Basic Precepts
Submission to the will of God (Allah)
Lineage - Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses,
Jesus, & Mohammed (different lineage)
Holy Book - Koran - built on Old Testament
Five (5) pillars of faith
30. • 5 Pillars of Faith
Creed “There is no God but Allah”
Prayer 5 times a day facing Mecca
Giving to the poor
Month of Rammadan
Pilgrimage to Mecca
31. • Origin and Diffusion
Founder: Siddhartha Gautama
Universalizing Religion
• Branches
Theravada
Mahayana
Zen
Buddhism
35. Buddhism
• Basic Precepts
Buddha - the enlightened one
Nirvana - highest degree of consciousness
4 noble truths
Life involves suffering
Cause of suffering is desire
Extinguish desire
Nirvana reached through 8 fold path
36. Buddhism
• Basic Precepts
Individuals choose the “Middle Path”
Buddhist believe:
not in any God, blind faith, or savior
what is created is impermanent
True Permanent Absolute Reality
uncreated, unborn, permanent bliss of Nirvana
39. Hinduism
• Origin & Diffusion - unknown
– Collection of scriptures 1500BC - 500AD
– Not widely diffused
– Almost exclusive to India
40. Hinduism
• Ethnic religion almost exclusively in India
• Oldest religion in Asia (1500 B.C)
• No authority or holy book (ancient scriptures)
• Polytheistic (perceived)
– Numerous Gods
– Yet one reality - Brahman - one God
41.
42. Hinduism
• Basic Precepts
– Caste: The class or distinct hereditary order
into which a Hindu is assigned according to
religious law.
– Brahman (manifestations)
• Vishnu (preserver)
• Shiva (destroyer)
• Shakti (mother god)
43. Hinduism
• Basic Precepts
– Maya - forms, categories, structures are an illusion
from our perspective
– Reincarnation - chain of rebirths of each soul
– Law of Karma - “is the form of creation, where from
all things have their life” (life’s baggage)
– Moksha - break the bonds of karma; experience that
everything, including ourselves, is Brahman
44. Judaism
• Origin and Diffusion
Ethnic Religion (origins of Christianity)
Diaspora: In 70 A.D., Romans forced
Jews to disperse throughout the world.
Ghetto: During the Middle Ages, a
neighborhood in a city set up by law to be
inhabited only by Jews.
45. Judaism
• Basic Precepts
– Belief in One God
– Torah - original 5 chapters of Bible
– Prophecy of Moses
– Coming of the Messiah still to come
– Atonement accomplished by sacrifices,
penitence & good deeds
46. Ethnic Asian Religions
• Confucianism
– moral code
• Daoism
– philosophy of harmony & balance
• Shintoism
– Japanese traditional religion
47. Geography of Religion
• What is Religion?
• Major Religions & Divisions
• Religious Landscapes
• Religious Conflict and Interaction