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Tackling obesity: an ecological public health approach Geof Rayner, PhD Associate Professor of Public Health, Brunel University UK Visiting Research Fellow, City University UK Director, GRAssociates consultancy [email_address] 18th Consumers International World Congress, Sydney
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1. Background
USA :  2 out of 3 overweight, 1 out of 3 obese “ among adults aged at least 20 years in 1999-2002, 65.1% were overweight or obese, 30.4% were obese, and 4.9% were extremely obese” Hedley, AA, Ogden, CL, Johnson, CL, Carroll, MD, Curtin, LR, Flegal, KM. Overweight and obesity among US children, adolescents, and adults, 1999-2002. JAMA 291:2847-50. 2004
Variation by ethnic group (US) Hedley, AA, Ogden, CL, Johnson, CL, Carroll, MD, Curtin, LR, Flegal, KM. Overweight and obesity among US children, adolescents, and adults, 1999-2002. JAMA 291:2847-50. 2004
Projections - England Klim McPherson Martin Brown & Tim Marsh  Quantitative Modelling, Source: Foresight,  Tackling Obesities: Future Choices – Project Report UK Government Office for Science 2007
Projections - England Klim McPherson Martin Brown & Tim Marsh  Quantitative Modelling, Source: Foresight,  Tackling Obesities: Future Choices – Project Report UK Government Office for Science 2007
Emerging global epidemic The cover of "The Economist", Dec. 13-19, 2003.
WHO (2005) Preventing Chronic Diseases: a vital investment. Overview. Geneva: WHO p.4
Diet   and Risk of NCDs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CHD mortality  in all Finland and in North Karelia 35-64 year old men -75% -82% 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 2000 2001 2002 Year North Karelia All Finland start of the North Karelia Project extension of the Project nationally Source: Pekka Pushka,  National Public Health Institute, Finland
2 Science and policy
Foresight obesity map: a picture of complexity! Source: Foresight,  Tackling Obesities: Future Choices – Project Report UK  Government Office for Science 2007
What theoretical models are used to explain obesity? Adapted from: Tim Lang, Geof Rayner, Obesity: a growing issue for European policy?  Journal of European Social Policy, Nov 01, 2005; 15: 301-327.
What historical/societal factors can help explain ‘passive obesity’*? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],* Foresight,  Tackling Obesities: Future Choices – Project Report UK  Government Office for Science 2007
Source: Pepsico Example of dietary transition: soft drinks – following USA?
Example of dietary transition:  fat overproduced and consumed WHO/FAO (2003) Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases. WHO TR 916 p.18
Example of dietary transition: packaged food Source: Euromonitor, 2003  http://www.euromonitor.com 
Physical activity transition: motorised transport 1930-2000  Michael P Walsh, Motor Vehicle Pollution Control, Paper to China Fuel Economy Workshop, Hong Kong, December 13, 2004,  http://www.walshcarlines.com/china/Applying%20The%20Lessons%20To%20China%20-%20MOVE%20.pdf
Drivers of diet  and  culture: ‘supermarketisation’
New supermarket culture: Tesco  (Bangkok)
Yum! Brands: World's largest restaurant company: 34,000 restaurants, 100 countries   New food culture: KFC (Bangkok)
3. Rethinking public health and consumerism
There are world-wide actions underway to counter child obesity Source: Foresight,  Tackling Obesities: Future Choices – Project Report UK  Government Office for Science 2007
Auditing national policies to counter obesity (Europe) Policies to reduce and prevent excess body weight and obesity in children and adolescents, WHO Europe, Factsheet 2.7, May 2007
Common national responses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Noting that short term initiatives have limited results Foresight says obesity represents the ‘Climate Change of Public Health’ * ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],* Foresight,  Tackling Obesities: Future Choices – Project Report UK  Government Office for Science 2007
Simplifying complexity: The Ecological Public Health perspective suggests filtering policy reviews through ‘four domains’ * ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Lang, T. and G. Rayner, Overcoming Policy Cacophany on Obesity: an Ecological  Public Health Framework for Politicians. Obesity Reviews, 2007 8(1): p. 165-181.
Obesity and the consumer movement: developing a fresh approach ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Obesity and the consumer movement: developing a fresh approach ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Thank you! ,[object Object]

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5a Rayner Obesity

  • 1. Tackling obesity: an ecological public health approach Geof Rayner, PhD Associate Professor of Public Health, Brunel University UK Visiting Research Fellow, City University UK Director, GRAssociates consultancy [email_address] 18th Consumers International World Congress, Sydney
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 6. USA : 2 out of 3 overweight, 1 out of 3 obese “ among adults aged at least 20 years in 1999-2002, 65.1% were overweight or obese, 30.4% were obese, and 4.9% were extremely obese” Hedley, AA, Ogden, CL, Johnson, CL, Carroll, MD, Curtin, LR, Flegal, KM. Overweight and obesity among US children, adolescents, and adults, 1999-2002. JAMA 291:2847-50. 2004
  • 7. Variation by ethnic group (US) Hedley, AA, Ogden, CL, Johnson, CL, Carroll, MD, Curtin, LR, Flegal, KM. Overweight and obesity among US children, adolescents, and adults, 1999-2002. JAMA 291:2847-50. 2004
  • 8. Projections - England Klim McPherson Martin Brown & Tim Marsh Quantitative Modelling, Source: Foresight, Tackling Obesities: Future Choices – Project Report UK Government Office for Science 2007
  • 9. Projections - England Klim McPherson Martin Brown & Tim Marsh Quantitative Modelling, Source: Foresight, Tackling Obesities: Future Choices – Project Report UK Government Office for Science 2007
  • 10. Emerging global epidemic The cover of "The Economist", Dec. 13-19, 2003.
  • 11. WHO (2005) Preventing Chronic Diseases: a vital investment. Overview. Geneva: WHO p.4
  • 12.
  • 13. CHD mortality in all Finland and in North Karelia 35-64 year old men -75% -82% 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 2000 2001 2002 Year North Karelia All Finland start of the North Karelia Project extension of the Project nationally Source: Pekka Pushka, National Public Health Institute, Finland
  • 14. 2 Science and policy
  • 15. Foresight obesity map: a picture of complexity! Source: Foresight, Tackling Obesities: Future Choices – Project Report UK Government Office for Science 2007
  • 16. What theoretical models are used to explain obesity? Adapted from: Tim Lang, Geof Rayner, Obesity: a growing issue for European policy? Journal of European Social Policy, Nov 01, 2005; 15: 301-327.
  • 17.
  • 18. Source: Pepsico Example of dietary transition: soft drinks – following USA?
  • 19. Example of dietary transition: fat overproduced and consumed WHO/FAO (2003) Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases. WHO TR 916 p.18
  • 20. Example of dietary transition: packaged food Source: Euromonitor, 2003 http://www.euromonitor.com 
  • 21. Physical activity transition: motorised transport 1930-2000 Michael P Walsh, Motor Vehicle Pollution Control, Paper to China Fuel Economy Workshop, Hong Kong, December 13, 2004, http://www.walshcarlines.com/china/Applying%20The%20Lessons%20To%20China%20-%20MOVE%20.pdf
  • 22. Drivers of diet and culture: ‘supermarketisation’
  • 23. New supermarket culture: Tesco (Bangkok)
  • 24. Yum! Brands: World's largest restaurant company: 34,000 restaurants, 100 countries New food culture: KFC (Bangkok)
  • 25. 3. Rethinking public health and consumerism
  • 26. There are world-wide actions underway to counter child obesity Source: Foresight, Tackling Obesities: Future Choices – Project Report UK Government Office for Science 2007
  • 27. Auditing national policies to counter obesity (Europe) Policies to reduce and prevent excess body weight and obesity in children and adolescents, WHO Europe, Factsheet 2.7, May 2007
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30.
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  • 32.
  • 33.