The document discusses challenges and opportunities for fisheries in small island developing states (SIDS). It outlines vulnerabilities SIDS face from factors like climate change and trade imbalances. It also explains how some SIDS have implemented best practices for fishery management, like the Parties to the Nauru Agreement using a Vessel Day Scheme to maximize economic returns from tuna fisheries in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean.
Table 8, mdg 8 partnership for development, low- & middle- income countriesBread for the World
This table provides data on key development indicators for low and middle income countries related to MDG 8, which calls for developing a global partnership for development. It includes data on net official development assistance, management of capital flows, investment in infrastructure such as electricity and roads, technology transfers, public spending, and corruption perceptions. The data is broken down by country and region, with Sub-Saharan Africa and Middle East & North Africa being the two regions highlighted.
Dr. Kathleen Castro discusses collaborative fisheries research which involves parties like fishermen, fishing groups, NGOs, agencies and universities working together under the umbrella of cooperative research. This provides a creative approach to integrate unique knowledge and skills to obtain information needed for fisheries management. Key benefits include enhanced data collection, understanding of scientific processes, and buy-in for management decisions. Goals are to develop shared perspectives on marine resources through science-based investigations that meet management or industry needs. Success relies on participation from industry leaders and generating practical and valuable scientific findings.
The document discusses the EU's efforts to protect the marine environment through sustainable fisheries management. It aims to reduce the negative impacts of fishing and develop an integrated ecosystem approach. Specific protections include limiting bottom trawling in sensitive habitats and protecting endangered species like sharks. These measures help achieve environmental policy goals while supporting sustainable fisheries.
Techniques of fisheries management sudipKoushik Das
The document discusses various techniques of fisheries management, including conventional, developmental, and regulatory techniques. Conventional techniques historically focused on biological aspects and conservation, while modern fisheries management takes a wider approach. Developmental techniques involve creating master plans to develop sectors like marine fishing, aquaculture, and marketing over multiple years. Regulatory techniques use blanket controls like limiting fishing effort and catch quotas, as well as selective controls like protected areas and size limits, to regulate the catching, processing, and marketing branches of the fisheries industry.
This document discusses integrated fisheries management. It begins by outlining the importance of fish and fishing throughout human civilization. Fisheries are described as renewable natural resources that are mobile and provide important sources of nutrition, employment, and economic benefits. However, many fisheries are now overexploited due to factors like overfishing, pollution, habitat loss, and climate change. The document then discusses the need for fisheries management to sustain fishing livelihoods and resources. Approaches to fisheries management include ecosystem-based management, community-based co-management, and establishing marine protected areas. The goal of integrated fisheries management is to balance the biological, economic, and social aspects of fisheries for long-term sustainability.
The document is a presentation by Ghana's Minister for Food and Agriculture given in 2012. It summarizes the vision, mission, policy objectives, and performance of Ghana's agricultural sector. Some key points include: agricultural GDP grew 14% from 2008-2011; staple crop production like cassava, yams, and rice increased significantly from 2008-2011; livestock populations grew 3-6% from 2010-2011; and inflation remained in single digits due in part to stable food prices. The presentation outlines achievements and challenges in developing Ghana's agricultural sector.
This document discusses fisheries co-management, which involves sharing management power and responsibilities between government and local fishing communities. Co-management aims to provide a forum for participation in rule-making, decision-making, and knowledge sharing between resource users and government. It can vary in the level of control communities have and depends on legal frameworks and community organization. The document outlines definitions of co-management, categories of co-management approaches, advantages like more sustainable resource use and social empowerment, limitations, and factors that affect successful co-management.
Table 8, mdg 8 partnership for development, low- & middle- income countriesBread for the World
This table provides data on key development indicators for low and middle income countries related to MDG 8, which calls for developing a global partnership for development. It includes data on net official development assistance, management of capital flows, investment in infrastructure such as electricity and roads, technology transfers, public spending, and corruption perceptions. The data is broken down by country and region, with Sub-Saharan Africa and Middle East & North Africa being the two regions highlighted.
Dr. Kathleen Castro discusses collaborative fisheries research which involves parties like fishermen, fishing groups, NGOs, agencies and universities working together under the umbrella of cooperative research. This provides a creative approach to integrate unique knowledge and skills to obtain information needed for fisheries management. Key benefits include enhanced data collection, understanding of scientific processes, and buy-in for management decisions. Goals are to develop shared perspectives on marine resources through science-based investigations that meet management or industry needs. Success relies on participation from industry leaders and generating practical and valuable scientific findings.
The document discusses the EU's efforts to protect the marine environment through sustainable fisheries management. It aims to reduce the negative impacts of fishing and develop an integrated ecosystem approach. Specific protections include limiting bottom trawling in sensitive habitats and protecting endangered species like sharks. These measures help achieve environmental policy goals while supporting sustainable fisheries.
Techniques of fisheries management sudipKoushik Das
The document discusses various techniques of fisheries management, including conventional, developmental, and regulatory techniques. Conventional techniques historically focused on biological aspects and conservation, while modern fisheries management takes a wider approach. Developmental techniques involve creating master plans to develop sectors like marine fishing, aquaculture, and marketing over multiple years. Regulatory techniques use blanket controls like limiting fishing effort and catch quotas, as well as selective controls like protected areas and size limits, to regulate the catching, processing, and marketing branches of the fisheries industry.
This document discusses integrated fisheries management. It begins by outlining the importance of fish and fishing throughout human civilization. Fisheries are described as renewable natural resources that are mobile and provide important sources of nutrition, employment, and economic benefits. However, many fisheries are now overexploited due to factors like overfishing, pollution, habitat loss, and climate change. The document then discusses the need for fisheries management to sustain fishing livelihoods and resources. Approaches to fisheries management include ecosystem-based management, community-based co-management, and establishing marine protected areas. The goal of integrated fisheries management is to balance the biological, economic, and social aspects of fisheries for long-term sustainability.
The document is a presentation by Ghana's Minister for Food and Agriculture given in 2012. It summarizes the vision, mission, policy objectives, and performance of Ghana's agricultural sector. Some key points include: agricultural GDP grew 14% from 2008-2011; staple crop production like cassava, yams, and rice increased significantly from 2008-2011; livestock populations grew 3-6% from 2010-2011; and inflation remained in single digits due in part to stable food prices. The presentation outlines achievements and challenges in developing Ghana's agricultural sector.
This document discusses fisheries co-management, which involves sharing management power and responsibilities between government and local fishing communities. Co-management aims to provide a forum for participation in rule-making, decision-making, and knowledge sharing between resource users and government. It can vary in the level of control communities have and depends on legal frameworks and community organization. The document outlines definitions of co-management, categories of co-management approaches, advantages like more sustainable resource use and social empowerment, limitations, and factors that affect successful co-management.
ICAFIS - Presentation fisheries co management in viet nam Lap Dinh
ICAFIS Sharing experience on Fisheries co-management in Viet Nam for more information please access to http://icafis.vn/ or contact with Mr Lap, Dinh Xuan - lap.dinhxuan@icafis.vn
This document discusses several aspects of sustainable marine fisheries management, including:
- The complexity of managing fisheries given diverse stakeholders with different objectives.
- Evaluating the success and challenges of managing 13 fish stocks around the world.
- Quantifying the "zone of consensus" between stakeholders to facilitate agreement on management strategies.
- Using harvest control rules as an explicit tool to realize management objectives across varying stock conditions.
- Modeling different harvest control rule parameters to understand their impact on fish populations.
- Proposing a scenario to map out management of multiple fish stocks in Georges Bank using mixed-species modeling.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Árni M. Mathiesen at the Near East Regional Group Meeting on March 21st, 2016. The presentation covered several topics:
- Global fish production has shifted from developed to developing countries, where small-scale fisheries are important. Production has also shifted from capture fisheries to aquaculture, particularly in Asia.
- While the degree of overfishing has stabilized over the past 20 years, it remains unacceptably high.
- The main challenges going forward are developing sustainable aquaculture and improving management of small-scale fisheries while accounting for climate change impacts.
Ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) takes a holistic approach by considering all impacts on the ecosystem from fisheries and related human activities. It differs from conventional fisheries management by focusing on the entire ecosystem rather than individual species. The goal of EBFM is to maintain ecosystem health, integrity, and sustainability for both current and future generations. Key tools for implementing EBFM include ecosystem models (Ecopath, Ecosim), marine protected areas, and socioeconomic analysis to evaluate management tradeoffs.
Marine fisheries management in India with special reference to Tamil Naduhmkasim
The document summarizes findings from a study on marine fisheries management in Tamil Nadu. Some key findings include:
1) Marine fish production in Tamil Nadu has exceeded potential sustainable yields and is maintained through overcapitalization and fishing in adjacent waters.
2) There have been major changes in fishery resources with the emergence of low-value oil sardine as the dominant species.
3) The mechanized sector now accounts for over 69.7% of catches despite making up only 25% of the workforce, leading to inequity in resource sharing.
4) Both overfishing and ecosystem degradation from non-fishery activities threaten fish stocks, but the latter may now be a larger
Greater family benefits through support in post harvest loss reductionFAO
The document discusses the importance of Ghana's fishery sector to the economy and population. It notes that families are heavily involved in post-harvest operations, with men often fishing and women handling activities after landing like processing and selling. However, these family-based small businesses face challenges like high post-harvest losses that threaten livelihoods and food security. Reducing these losses through improved infrastructure, technology, policies, and support services could help sustain these important small-scale fishery operations and maximize their benefits.
The document discusses different sectors of the fishing industry in India. It describes the main industry, which involves catching fish and transporting/processing them. It also discusses the ancillary industry that supports the main industry through boat building, gear manufacturing, etc. Finally, it categorizes the fishing industry based on purpose into subsistence fishing, commercial fishing focused on profit, and recreational fishing done for leisure.
Fisheries of the Mekong: Death by a 1000 Cuts or Just Another Day at the Office?Mekong Fish Network
Economic development in the Mekong region has brought with it considerable environmental change, with more to follow. The river has already been highly modified by a plethora or perturbations including damming for hydropower and irrigation, disconnection of the flood plains for agriculture and growing urbanization. These have all impacted on the fish and fisheries and delivery of aquatic food products from the system, but the system has to date remained largely resilient, or has it? This paper explores the widespread degradation of the system and how fisheries have responded, looks at future prospects of the river and how the fisheries may be impacts and final examines opportunities which may help to mitigate future development scenarios, especially with respect to hydropower development.
Nigeria NRCP results from Ibadan 2009/10 – with NRCRI,Nigeria Harvest Plus Product Development and Delivery Plan,Yellow Cassava Distribution from Nigeria.
1) Researchers in Burkina Faso developed new sweetpotato varieties by crossing local white-fleshed varieties with introduced orange-fleshed varieties high in beta-carotene.
2) Evaluation of the progenies found several new varieties with significantly higher yields than the best existing variety. The highest yielding variety was BF82xTainung.8 with a yield of 20.33 tons/hectare.
3) Heritability estimates for traits like storage root yield, dry matter content and beta-carotene content were moderate to high, indicating good potential for selection and genetic improvement.
This document summarizes the review of food crisis response plans in 2022 across West Africa. It outlines that 38.3 million people in the region needed assistance, including 13 million in Niger, Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Cape Verde, Senegal, and The Gambia. Response plans focused on food assistance, livelihood protection, and nutrition. Funding status is provided for each National Response Plan country, showing that mobilized funds met 63% of needs on average. The document also reviews the status of the humanitarian response in 2022 and key lessons learned around response activities, funding levels, effectiveness, and coordination challenges.
This document analyzes livestock production systems and socioeconomic data related to animal agriculture in Tanzania. It identifies four main livestock production categories and maps their distribution across the country. Mixed crop-livestock systems cover over 50% of Tanzania's land. Poverty levels are high, with over 85% of the population living below $2 per day. Market access and consumption vary significantly between production systems, with pastoral areas having lower population densities, consumption, and access to markets. The document provides detailed data on population, poverty, consumption, and livestock distributions to inform planning and analysis of Tanzania's livestock sector.
Résultats prévisionnels de la campagne agropastorale 2021-22 au Sahel et en Afrique de l'Ouest et situation des marchés ouest-africains, présentation par SY Martial Traoré.
Food Security and Fisheries: Major issues for the Diplomatic Education and tr...Árni Matthias Mathiesen
This document summarizes a presentation by Árni M. Mathiesen from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations on food security and fisheries. It notes that 795 million people are undernourished globally and fish provide over 20% of animal protein for over 3 billion people. Fish are an important source of nutrition. The document also discusses employment in fisheries and aquaculture, global fish production and trade, challenges like illegal fishing and climate change impacts, and tools for fisheries management like the Port State Measures Agreement. It maps interactions between sustainable development goals including those related to oceans and highlights the importance of small-scale fisheries for food security, livelihoods, and poverty reduction.
Revisiting CWANA Research Priorities & Needs Assessment,Dr. K. ShideedAARINENA
This document summarizes the proceedings of the 11th General Conference of AARINENA, which aimed to revisit agricultural research priorities and needs in the Central West Asia and North Africa (CWANA) region. It provides context on the challenges facing dryland agriculture, including water scarcity, poverty, and declining productivity. Research intensity and education levels for agricultural researchers in the region are also assessed. The 2002 methodology for priority setting is described, which involved stakeholder consultations. Key priorities identified included water and soil management, range management, and crops like wheat, barley, and fruit trees. The need to revisit these priorities given various global changes is discussed.
The document summarizes the 38th annual meeting on the 2022/2023 agricultural season in West Africa. It provides provisional cereal production figures for the region of 76 million tonnes, a 7% increase over 2021. It also shares figures on roots and tubers, legumes, and cash crops. The pastoral situation is reported as generally good with good pasture and water availability. However, the nutritional situation remains alarming in some Sahel countries and northeast Nigeria with acute malnutrition rates above emergency thresholds. The regional market situation is stable with prices near average levels.
This document summarizes the status of the 2022 National Response Plans (NRPs) to address food crises in the Sahel and West Africa. It finds that:
1) The 2022 NRPs targeted 38.3 million people in need across the region, including 13 million people in Niger, Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Cape Verde and Senegal.
2) The NRPs focused on food assistance, livelihood protection, and malnutrition treatment/prevention. Progress was made but funding gaps remained, with actual funding averaging 66% of plans.
3) Key recommendations include accelerating funding, improving coordination, linking relief to development, and enhancing performance monitoring to
Dams on the Mekong River: Lost Fish Protein and the Implications for Land and...CPWF Mekong
This document discusses research on the potential impacts of dams being built along the Mekong River in Southeast Asia. It finds that the construction of 11 mainstem dams could result in the loss of 340,000 tonnes of fish, representing a 16% reduction in fish protein for the region. Replacing this lost protein through other means, such as expanding livestock or crop production, would require significant increases in water and land use with impacts on food prices and vulnerability for the poor.
This document provides an overview of organic agriculture in the Pacific region. It discusses the background context, including regional and national policies supporting organic agriculture. The Pacific islands region has around 8 million people spread across various island countries and territories. While organic agriculture shows potential due to growing demand and environmental benefits, there are also limitations such as a small overall production and trading volume as well as a lack of overarching legal frameworks or development strategies. The development of organic agriculture has been led by farmer organizations and NGOs, with growing involvement of government agencies. Partnerships across sectors have formed to support participatory development of the industry.
ICAFIS - Presentation fisheries co management in viet nam Lap Dinh
ICAFIS Sharing experience on Fisheries co-management in Viet Nam for more information please access to http://icafis.vn/ or contact with Mr Lap, Dinh Xuan - lap.dinhxuan@icafis.vn
This document discusses several aspects of sustainable marine fisheries management, including:
- The complexity of managing fisheries given diverse stakeholders with different objectives.
- Evaluating the success and challenges of managing 13 fish stocks around the world.
- Quantifying the "zone of consensus" between stakeholders to facilitate agreement on management strategies.
- Using harvest control rules as an explicit tool to realize management objectives across varying stock conditions.
- Modeling different harvest control rule parameters to understand their impact on fish populations.
- Proposing a scenario to map out management of multiple fish stocks in Georges Bank using mixed-species modeling.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Árni M. Mathiesen at the Near East Regional Group Meeting on March 21st, 2016. The presentation covered several topics:
- Global fish production has shifted from developed to developing countries, where small-scale fisheries are important. Production has also shifted from capture fisheries to aquaculture, particularly in Asia.
- While the degree of overfishing has stabilized over the past 20 years, it remains unacceptably high.
- The main challenges going forward are developing sustainable aquaculture and improving management of small-scale fisheries while accounting for climate change impacts.
Ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) takes a holistic approach by considering all impacts on the ecosystem from fisheries and related human activities. It differs from conventional fisheries management by focusing on the entire ecosystem rather than individual species. The goal of EBFM is to maintain ecosystem health, integrity, and sustainability for both current and future generations. Key tools for implementing EBFM include ecosystem models (Ecopath, Ecosim), marine protected areas, and socioeconomic analysis to evaluate management tradeoffs.
Marine fisheries management in India with special reference to Tamil Naduhmkasim
The document summarizes findings from a study on marine fisheries management in Tamil Nadu. Some key findings include:
1) Marine fish production in Tamil Nadu has exceeded potential sustainable yields and is maintained through overcapitalization and fishing in adjacent waters.
2) There have been major changes in fishery resources with the emergence of low-value oil sardine as the dominant species.
3) The mechanized sector now accounts for over 69.7% of catches despite making up only 25% of the workforce, leading to inequity in resource sharing.
4) Both overfishing and ecosystem degradation from non-fishery activities threaten fish stocks, but the latter may now be a larger
Greater family benefits through support in post harvest loss reductionFAO
The document discusses the importance of Ghana's fishery sector to the economy and population. It notes that families are heavily involved in post-harvest operations, with men often fishing and women handling activities after landing like processing and selling. However, these family-based small businesses face challenges like high post-harvest losses that threaten livelihoods and food security. Reducing these losses through improved infrastructure, technology, policies, and support services could help sustain these important small-scale fishery operations and maximize their benefits.
The document discusses different sectors of the fishing industry in India. It describes the main industry, which involves catching fish and transporting/processing them. It also discusses the ancillary industry that supports the main industry through boat building, gear manufacturing, etc. Finally, it categorizes the fishing industry based on purpose into subsistence fishing, commercial fishing focused on profit, and recreational fishing done for leisure.
Fisheries of the Mekong: Death by a 1000 Cuts or Just Another Day at the Office?Mekong Fish Network
Economic development in the Mekong region has brought with it considerable environmental change, with more to follow. The river has already been highly modified by a plethora or perturbations including damming for hydropower and irrigation, disconnection of the flood plains for agriculture and growing urbanization. These have all impacted on the fish and fisheries and delivery of aquatic food products from the system, but the system has to date remained largely resilient, or has it? This paper explores the widespread degradation of the system and how fisheries have responded, looks at future prospects of the river and how the fisheries may be impacts and final examines opportunities which may help to mitigate future development scenarios, especially with respect to hydropower development.
Nigeria NRCP results from Ibadan 2009/10 – with NRCRI,Nigeria Harvest Plus Product Development and Delivery Plan,Yellow Cassava Distribution from Nigeria.
1) Researchers in Burkina Faso developed new sweetpotato varieties by crossing local white-fleshed varieties with introduced orange-fleshed varieties high in beta-carotene.
2) Evaluation of the progenies found several new varieties with significantly higher yields than the best existing variety. The highest yielding variety was BF82xTainung.8 with a yield of 20.33 tons/hectare.
3) Heritability estimates for traits like storage root yield, dry matter content and beta-carotene content were moderate to high, indicating good potential for selection and genetic improvement.
This document summarizes the review of food crisis response plans in 2022 across West Africa. It outlines that 38.3 million people in the region needed assistance, including 13 million in Niger, Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Cape Verde, Senegal, and The Gambia. Response plans focused on food assistance, livelihood protection, and nutrition. Funding status is provided for each National Response Plan country, showing that mobilized funds met 63% of needs on average. The document also reviews the status of the humanitarian response in 2022 and key lessons learned around response activities, funding levels, effectiveness, and coordination challenges.
This document analyzes livestock production systems and socioeconomic data related to animal agriculture in Tanzania. It identifies four main livestock production categories and maps their distribution across the country. Mixed crop-livestock systems cover over 50% of Tanzania's land. Poverty levels are high, with over 85% of the population living below $2 per day. Market access and consumption vary significantly between production systems, with pastoral areas having lower population densities, consumption, and access to markets. The document provides detailed data on population, poverty, consumption, and livestock distributions to inform planning and analysis of Tanzania's livestock sector.
Résultats prévisionnels de la campagne agropastorale 2021-22 au Sahel et en Afrique de l'Ouest et situation des marchés ouest-africains, présentation par SY Martial Traoré.
Food Security and Fisheries: Major issues for the Diplomatic Education and tr...Árni Matthias Mathiesen
This document summarizes a presentation by Árni M. Mathiesen from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations on food security and fisheries. It notes that 795 million people are undernourished globally and fish provide over 20% of animal protein for over 3 billion people. Fish are an important source of nutrition. The document also discusses employment in fisheries and aquaculture, global fish production and trade, challenges like illegal fishing and climate change impacts, and tools for fisheries management like the Port State Measures Agreement. It maps interactions between sustainable development goals including those related to oceans and highlights the importance of small-scale fisheries for food security, livelihoods, and poverty reduction.
Revisiting CWANA Research Priorities & Needs Assessment,Dr. K. ShideedAARINENA
This document summarizes the proceedings of the 11th General Conference of AARINENA, which aimed to revisit agricultural research priorities and needs in the Central West Asia and North Africa (CWANA) region. It provides context on the challenges facing dryland agriculture, including water scarcity, poverty, and declining productivity. Research intensity and education levels for agricultural researchers in the region are also assessed. The 2002 methodology for priority setting is described, which involved stakeholder consultations. Key priorities identified included water and soil management, range management, and crops like wheat, barley, and fruit trees. The need to revisit these priorities given various global changes is discussed.
The document summarizes the 38th annual meeting on the 2022/2023 agricultural season in West Africa. It provides provisional cereal production figures for the region of 76 million tonnes, a 7% increase over 2021. It also shares figures on roots and tubers, legumes, and cash crops. The pastoral situation is reported as generally good with good pasture and water availability. However, the nutritional situation remains alarming in some Sahel countries and northeast Nigeria with acute malnutrition rates above emergency thresholds. The regional market situation is stable with prices near average levels.
This document summarizes the status of the 2022 National Response Plans (NRPs) to address food crises in the Sahel and West Africa. It finds that:
1) The 2022 NRPs targeted 38.3 million people in need across the region, including 13 million people in Niger, Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Cape Verde and Senegal.
2) The NRPs focused on food assistance, livelihood protection, and malnutrition treatment/prevention. Progress was made but funding gaps remained, with actual funding averaging 66% of plans.
3) Key recommendations include accelerating funding, improving coordination, linking relief to development, and enhancing performance monitoring to
Dams on the Mekong River: Lost Fish Protein and the Implications for Land and...CPWF Mekong
This document discusses research on the potential impacts of dams being built along the Mekong River in Southeast Asia. It finds that the construction of 11 mainstem dams could result in the loss of 340,000 tonnes of fish, representing a 16% reduction in fish protein for the region. Replacing this lost protein through other means, such as expanding livestock or crop production, would require significant increases in water and land use with impacts on food prices and vulnerability for the poor.
This document provides an overview of organic agriculture in the Pacific region. It discusses the background context, including regional and national policies supporting organic agriculture. The Pacific islands region has around 8 million people spread across various island countries and territories. While organic agriculture shows potential due to growing demand and environmental benefits, there are also limitations such as a small overall production and trading volume as well as a lack of overarching legal frameworks or development strategies. The development of organic agriculture has been led by farmer organizations and NGOs, with growing involvement of government agencies. Partnerships across sectors have formed to support participatory development of the industry.
The global seafood industry supplies over 167 million tonnes of seafood annually, with aquaculture now exceeding wild capture fisheries. Tuna production reached a record 7.7 million tonnes in 2014. The global tuna market is large and growing, valued at over $40 billion, with canned tuna and sashimi-grade tuna being the main products and markets. The tuna industry involves numerous actors across fishing, trading, processing, distribution and retail. Concentration is increasing both horizontally through mergers and vertically through integration. Growing global demand is putting pressure on tuna stocks, with overfishing remaining a key challenge to ensure sustainability.
Economic importance of different maize storage structures in kenyapchenevixtrench
This document summarizes a study on maize storage structures in Kenya. [1] Farmers store the majority of maize in Kenya, followed by traders and the National Cereals and Produce Board. [2] The Rift Valley province stores the most maize compared to other regions. [3] The study evaluated different long-term and short-term storage structures used by farmers in various agro-ecological zones and their economic importance for safeguarding maize.
The document summarizes trends in key agricultural indicators in the COMESA region. It discusses the implementation status of CAADP principles and investment plans across countries. Economic growth has been impressive overall but uneven between countries. Agricultural financing remains below the 10% Maputo target for most nations. Agricultural GDP growth has averaged 4% in recent years, though performance differs between countries. Poverty and hunger remain challenges despite productivity increases in some crops.
This document presents data on indicators related to environmental sustainability for countries around the world. It includes data on topics like land use, agriculture, energy use, and access to water and sanitation. The data is organized by world region and country. For example, it shows that in Sub-Saharan Africa, agricultural land makes up 44.7% of total land on average but ranges from 6.7% in Burundi to 46.9% in Angola. Cereal yields and access to improved sanitation also vary widely within the region. This comprehensive table allows comparisons of sustainability metrics for many countries.
This document discusses the effects of climate change on viticulture and wine quality. It provides data on global grape production and utilization, as well as the distribution of viticultural areas by climate zone. Climate change is increasing temperatures and decreasing precipitation in some areas. Higher temperatures can affect grape sugars, acids, phenolics, aroma compounds, and enzymes. Adaptations to climate change discussed include variety and rootstock selection, canopy management, irrigation, and anti-stress products. The optimal canopy structure depends on the climate zone and desired berry compounds.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
The document announces the SME Best Business Plan Competition 2013 organized by the Small and Medium Enterprises Development Authority. Participants must submit an entry form by June 14th and a business plan by August 15th. Business plans will be assessed based on innovation, research, management, viability, and social impact. The winner of the competition will receive Rs. 100,000, while the first and second runners up will receive Rs. 60,000 and Rs. 40,000 respectively. The objectives are to promote entrepreneurship and reward innovative business plans.
Tweets FARA Regional Youth Workshop on CAADP implementation - Day 2Nawsheen Hosenally
This document summarizes tweets from Day 2 of the FARA Regional Youth Workshop on CAADP. It includes tweets discussing the event, trends from the event (#farayouth, #youth, etc.), and presentations/discussions around engaging youth in agriculture and the CAADP process. Key points included recognizing the potential role of youth, challenges like negative perceptions of agriculture and lack of support, and a draft communiqué calling for full youth empowerment in CAADP implementation.
Tweets FARA Regional Youth Workshop on CAADP implementation - Day 1Nawsheen Hosenally
This document provides a summary of tweets from Day 1 of the FARA Regional Youth Workshop on CAADP in Accra. Key discussion points included:
- Whether youth issues should be cross-cutting or focused on a particular theme
- Recommendations that youth participate in national CAADP task teams
- The need to build youth capacities and skills for agricultural leadership
- Gaps in national youth policies regarding agriculture in various countries
This document describes YPARD, a global platform for young agricultural professionals under age 40. Its goals are to 1) facilitate knowledge exchange among members from different disciplines, professions, ages and regions, 2) broaden opportunities for members to contribute to agricultural policy debates, and 3) promote agriculture among youth. YPARD has over 5,000 members from 146 countries and coordination offices in several African and Asian countries. Benefits of membership include access to funding/job opportunities, networking, and participation in capacity building activities. YPARD works to achieve its goals through online platforms, enabling members' participation in events, and conducting research on declining youth interest in agriculture.
This document summarizes a regional workshop on engaging youth in the implementation of CAADP (Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme). The workshop objectives were to define the best role for youth and propose a strategy for enabling their participation. Participants discussed questions around youth involvement and desired outcomes. Presentations covered developing effective strategies and establishing the youth's fit within the agricultural value chain. Groups then analyzed country policies, gaps in attracting youth, and recommendations to incorporate youth engagement in CAADP and FARA plans and objectives. The workshop aimed to define a strategy for preparing and equipping African youth to contribute to agricultural development goals.
1. The document proposes an organic poultry farming method that was successfully tested on chickens, with no mortalities.
2. The method involves giving the chickens adequate space to roam and forage on a diet of organic feed, herbs, green foliage, and insects.
3. Based on the successful test, the document outlines plans to develop a large-scale organic and eco-friendly farm in Namibia that will produce eggs, citrus, olives, and poultry through organic and sustainable practices.
This document outlines the Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa's (FARA) new strategic plan and medium-term operational plan (MTOP) for 2014-2018. The plan was developed in response to changes in FARA's operating environment and the ending of its previous MTOP in 2013. The new strategy prioritizes visioning Africa's agricultural transformation, developing capacities for change, and creating an enabling policy environment. It defines FARA's core functions and outlines key results around stakeholder engagement, capacity strengthening, and policy support to achieve its goals of reducing food insecurity and poverty through agricultural growth in Africa.
The document discusses the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP) framework and country implementation process. It provides an overview of CAADP's vision and goals to improve agricultural productivity, integrate farmers into markets, and improve livelihoods through evidence-based country strategies and investments. It outlines the key steps in the country implementation process, including stakeholder engagement, analysis, development of investment programs, and monitoring. It describes FARA's role in providing technical support through human and institutional capacity building, advocacy, and partnerships to ensure countries benefit from agricultural research and innovation under CAADP.
Summary of findings - e-agriculture strategies in the ACPNawsheen Hosenally
This document summarizes the findings of a study on e-Agriculture policies and strategies in selected ACP and non-ACP countries. The study found that while a few countries like Ghana, Ivory Coast, Rwanda, Mali, Burkina Faso, and Bolivia have initiated e-Agriculture strategies or policies, most ACP countries have not developed or do not understand the need for such strategies. It identifies challenges around stakeholder engagement, infrastructure, and capacity. The document recommends that CTA and partners create task forces, develop policy toolkits, provide awareness and capacity building support, and ensure local leadership and relevance to farmers to help more ACP countries develop effective national e-Agriculture policies
The document summarizes an upcoming meeting organized by CTA to discuss strengthening e-Agriculture strategies in ACP countries. The meeting will bring together participants from government, farmers organizations, private sector, and international organizations to review the need for ICT strategies in agriculture and identify actions to strengthen their formulation and implementation. It will also discuss innovative tools and projects supporting the implementation of these strategies. A preparatory online discussion will identify issues regarding developing inclusive and efficient ICT strategies for agriculture and review existing processes in ACP countries.
Final background report - e-agriculture strategies in ACPNawsheen Hosenally
The document provides a background report on e-Agriculture policies and strategies in selected ACP and non-ACP countries. Some key findings include:
1) Most ACP countries have not developed e-Agriculture strategies, though some initiatives exist in Ghana, Rwanda, Ivory Coast, Mali, and Burkina Faso.
2) Ghana and Rwanda have developed or are developing e-Agriculture strategies, while Ivory Coast recently approved an e-Agriculture policy.
3) Challenges faced include lack of stakeholder involvement, understanding of ICT's role in agriculture, interest in e-Agriculture policies, and collaboration between agriculture and ICT
This document outlines the agenda for a two-day workshop on strengthening e-agriculture strategies in African, Caribbean, and Pacific countries. The workshop included presentations on current ICT policies and initiatives in agriculture, case studies from various countries, and discussions on tools, infrastructure needs, and multi-stakeholder collaboration. Participants also engaged in breakout sessions to discuss how to strengthen the formulation, implementation and evaluation of e-agriculture strategies to ensure inclusion of smallholder farmers, women and youth. The workshop concluded with discussions on challenges, next steps, and identifying potential collaborative actions going forward.
M-Farm provides price information, group selling, and group buying services to farmers in Kenya. However, providing price information faces several challenges, including being underfunded, expensive to deliver, competing with the government, issues with non-standard units, perishability of market data, and difficulty measuring impact. M-Farm also facilitates collective marketing and collective buying to help farmers sell and purchase goods as a group.
This document summarizes CARDI's activities and strategic plans. CARDI is an agricultural research institution established in 1975 serving 12 Caribbean member states. It uses three strategic axes: sustainable science and technology innovation, strategic partnerships, and institutional capacity building. The document discusses how ICTs can enhance agricultural research and knowledge sharing. It outlines CARDI's ICT challenges and early initiatives. Current projects use ICTs like Google Docs and Dgroups to engage stakeholders. CARDI's plans include strengthening ICT infrastructure, policies, and monitoring impact. A project will study ICT uses in roots/tubers and small ruminants value chains to identify models that can be shared across regions.
The document discusses agricultural extension in Jamaica. It notes that Jamaica's agriculture is diverse, with 80% of farmers occupying less than 2 hectares of land. The agriculture sector contributes 5.9% to GDP. There are 120 extension officers. RADA is trying to increase use of ICT like mobile phones and tablets to provide farmers real-time information on topics like weather and best practices. However, there are challenges like the age of farmers and high internet costs. The presentation recommends targeting women and youth to adopt technology and increasing private sector support and ICT infrastructure to drive e-agriculture.
ICT access needs and challenges for agricultural stakeholdersICT access needs and challenges for agricultural stakeholders by Stella Kamuyu Wanjau - EAFF
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/temporal-event-neural-networks-a-more-efficient-alternative-to-the-transformer-a-presentation-from-brainchip/
Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
Integration with BrainChip’s Akida neuromorphic hardware IP further enhances TENNs’ capabilities, enabling the realization of highly capable, portable and passively cooled edge devices. This presentation delves into the technical innovations underlying TENNs, presents real-world benchmarks, and elucidates how this cutting-edge approach is positioned to revolutionize edge AI across diverse applications.
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena SyrotaFwdays
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
How information systems are built or acquired puts information, which is what they should be about, in a secondary place. Our language adapted accordingly, and we no longer talk about information systems but applications. Applications evolved in a way to break data into diverse fragments, tightly coupled with applications and expensive to integrate. The result is technical debt, which is re-paid by taking even bigger "loans", resulting in an ever-increasing technical debt. Software engineering and procurement practices work in sync with market forces to maintain this trend. This talk demonstrates how natural this situation is. The question is: can something be done to reverse the trend?
Digital Banking in the Cloud: How Citizens Bank Unlocked Their MainframePrecisely
Inconsistent user experience and siloed data, high costs, and changing customer expectations – Citizens Bank was experiencing these challenges while it was attempting to deliver a superior digital banking experience for its clients. Its core banking applications run on the mainframe and Citizens was using legacy utilities to get the critical mainframe data to feed customer-facing channels, like call centers, web, and mobile. Ultimately, this led to higher operating costs (MIPS), delayed response times, and longer time to market.
Ever-changing customer expectations demand more modern digital experiences, and the bank needed to find a solution that could provide real-time data to its customer channels with low latency and operating costs. Join this session to learn how Citizens is leveraging Precisely to replicate mainframe data to its customer channels and deliver on their “modern digital bank” experiences.
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up SlidesDanBrown980551
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
-An interactive brainstorming session to discuss and propose new feature requests.
-An opportunity to connect with fellow Power Grid Model enthusiasts and users.
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdfChart Kalyan
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/how-axelera-ai-uses-digital-compute-in-memory-to-deliver-fast-and-energy-efficient-computer-vision-a-presentation-from-axelera-ai/
Bram Verhoef, Head of Machine Learning at Axelera AI, presents the “How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-efficient Computer Vision” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
As artificial intelligence inference transitions from cloud environments to edge locations, computer vision applications achieve heightened responsiveness, reliability and privacy. This migration, however, introduces the challenge of operating within the stringent confines of resource constraints typical at the edge, including small form factors, low energy budgets and diminished memory and computational capacities. Axelera AI addresses these challenges through an innovative approach of performing digital computations within memory itself. This technique facilitates the realization of high-performance, energy-efficient and cost-effective computer vision capabilities at the thin and thick edge, extending the frontier of what is achievable with current technologies.
In this presentation, Verhoef unveils his company’s pioneering chip technology and demonstrates its capacity to deliver exceptional frames-per-second performance across a range of standard computer vision networks typical of applications in security, surveillance and the industrial sector. This shows that advanced computer vision can be accessible and efficient, even at the very edge of our technological ecosystem.
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...Jason Yip
The typical problem in product engineering is not bad strategy, so much as “no strategy”. This leads to confusion, lack of motivation, and incoherent action. The next time you look for a strategy and find an empty space, instead of waiting for it to be filled, I will show you how to fill it in yourself. If you’re wrong, it forces a correction. If you’re right, it helps create focus. I’ll share how I’ve approached this in the past, both what works and lessons for what didn’t work so well.
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...
5. Chimatiro
1. Coastal and inland fisheries: old
challenges and new
opportunities
Sloans Chimatiro
Senior Fisheries Advisor, NEPAD Agency,
Johannesburg, South Africa
Presented at the Hotel Victoria, Pointe aux
Piments, Mauritius, 23 April 2012
2. Outline of the presentation
1. Features of the Small Island States
2. Vulnerability of Small Island States
3. Importance of fisheries in SIDS
4. How can SIDS optimise the wealth-
generating potential of fisheries?
5. Lessons from best practices
6. Conclusion
3. Key Features of Small Island Developing
States
1. The United Nations currently classifies 52 countries and
territories as Small Island Developing States (SIDS)
2. Forty-three of SIDS are found in the Caribbean and the
Pacific regions.
3. SIDS are a diverse group of countries with ≥ 50 million
inhabitants
4. The group comprises countries that are relatively rich
and those that relatively poor
5. SIDS are extremely dependent on the sea and its living
marine resources for their existence.
4. Small Island States :Vulnerability
1. small size;
2. remoteness;
3. vulnerability to external (demand and supply-side)
shocks;
4. narrow resource base; and
5. exposure to global environmental challenges (sea level
rise, destruction of coral reefs critical to food security
and tourism)
6. waste pollution and acidification of the oceans and
resultant loss of biodiversity
5. Small Island States :Vulnerability to climate
change
1. Many people in SIDS live in the low elevation coastal
zone (LECZ) (coast area of ≤ 10 metres above sea level).
2. LECZ are vulnerable to sea-level rise, storm surges,
floods and other climate change-induced hazards.
3. Overall impact of climate change is being felt via: water
resources availability, agriculture and food security, and
the protection of coastal zones
4. Destruction of coral reefs critical to food security and
tourism)
6. Small Island States :Vulnerability to trade
imbalances
1. SIDS are economically vulnerable due to their remoteness and smallness
(resulting in logistical costs)
2. Susceptibility to natural disasters, & fragile ecology,
3. Limited institutional capacity (in part due to limited critical mass),
4. Limited ability to diversify,
5. Strong dependence on a narrow range of exports, and high import content
(especially strategic items with volatile prices: food and fuel)
6. Rapid rise in their debt burden (due to the lack of economies of scale, high
transport costs, low trade capacities and increasing trade deficits)
7. More recently, decreasing workers’ remittances (due to global economic
downturn)
8. SIDS are disadvantaged in the negotiation of bilateral agreements because
they lacked a collective bargaining position as well as information on the
market value of their (fish) resource
7. International Logistics Performance Index
(LPI): Comparison with some of the SIDS
LP I Ra nk C o u ntry LPI
28 S o u t h A f r ic a 3 .4 6
58 S e ne g a l 2 .8 6
S a o To m e & 2 .8 6 ( 2 0 0 7 )
66 P r ia n dpae
Ug nc i 2 .8 2
78 B a ha ma s 2 .7 5
12 0 C omoros 2 .4 5
13 5 S o lo m o n 2 .3 1
14 4 I si jl i n d s
F a 2 .2 4
14 9 G u in e a 2 . 10
Source: World Bank 2010s a u
B is
LPI compares transport costs, quality of infrastructure (e.g., roads, ports, etc), tracking and tracing of
consignments, and timeliness of delivery;
8. Importance of fisheries to SIDS
According to the UN –Department of Economic &
Social Affairs (2010):
2. In some SIDS fisheries account for ≥ 50% of
exports (UN 2010)
3. Subsistence fishing supplies 50-90% of animal
protein diet of people in rural areas and
remote islands
4. In Pacific tuna fisheries contributes ≥10% of
GDP
9. SIDS and the Extent of their EEZ
EEZ of African ISDS
EEZ of Caribbean ISDS
10. Country and Size of EEZ
Country Population EEZ (km2)
Cape Verde 240,000 800,561km2
Comoros 794,683 163,752km2
Madagascar 21.9 million 1,198,722km2
Mauritius 1,303,717 1.9million km2
Seychelles 87,463 1,374,000 km²
Sao Tome & 200,000 165,364 km2
Principe
11. Country and Fish production/Consumption
C o u ntr F is h Expo Per F i s h /A n i
y P ro d u c ti rts c a p it a ma l
o n ( to ns ) ( to ns s u p p ly P r o t e in
C ape 18 , 3 2 8 14,524
) 11.6
(kg) 11.7
(%)
Ve rd e
C omor 16,000 0 19.8 56.3
o sa d a g
M 15 9 , 0 3 5 44,776 7.4 19.6
asc ar
M a u r i t i 8,476 132,554 22.8 18.4
ue
S s yc h 66,239 63,471 61.0 40.6
e lo
S la e s 4,150 6 26.5 49.3
To m e
& Yearbook (2009)
FAO
P r in c i
pe
12. Challenges of fisheries in the SIDS
1. Fish as an export commodity exerts pressure on the
resources with potential of overfishing
2. Knowledge of the level of stocks might be lacking resulting in
poor management plans
3. Poor knowledge of economic underpinning of the fisheries
resources results in rent dissipation
4. Poor governance mechanism which is manifested in Illegal,
Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing
5. Unfavourable trade mechanisms which leads to loss of value
and wealth
6. Wealth loss through Foreign Fishing Agreements (FFA),
(assess agreements are provided for under UNCLOS)
13. Impact of governance structure on IUU Fishing
Country Catch value Average IUU as IUU value
calculated from Governance proportion of US$
FAO Score# estimated million
statistics (2003) total
US$ million catch
These figures are from country case studies
Namibia 532 0.347 0.0% 0
Mozambique 215 -0.393 15.0% 38
Kenya 15 -0.735 20.0% 4
Seychelles 137 -0.148 5.2% 8
These figures are extrapolated using the case studies above (one parameter model)
Morocco 734 -0.189 7.5% 59
Mauritania 193 -0.209 8.1% 17
Senegal 423 -0.176 7.1% 32
Cape Verde 11 0.353 0.0% 0
Guinea-Bissau 13 -0.872 29.1% 5
Cameroon 37 -0.868 28.9% 15
Equatorial Guinea 2 -1.148 37.8% 1
Sao Tome & Principe 4 -0.323 11.7% 0
South Africa 626 0.431 0.0% 0
Madagascar 247 -0.121 5.3% 14
Comoros 22 -0.827 27.6% 8
Tanzania 91 -0.451 15.7% 17
Eritrea 13 -0.977 32.4% 6
Mauritius 18 0.659 0.0% 0
Source: MGRA.2005.
14. Wealth-loss in the value chain
Fig 1. Share of value of Nile Perch from Tanzania
15. Wealth loss in the value chain
Fig 2. Share of value of Moroccan anchovy sold in Italy
16. How are SIDS losing potential wealth of their fisheries
Resources?
1. In general, according to an EU study (IFREMER 1999), Financial
payments (compensation) for Fisheries Access Agreements to
developing countries ranges between 2 and 17% (average 2.6%) of
the catch value
2. MRAG (2012) estimate that the EU is paying between 11–13% of
the market value of tuna;.
3. In comparison, Japan and Korea pay approximately 6% of the
market value of their tuna catch under agreements in the Pacific
Ocean (MRAG 2012).
4. The US pays approximately 22% of the catch value (Mwikya 2006).
5. Compared with other natural resources such as minerals, forestry
and crude oil (usually 30%) and also bearing in mind that
investment in fishing is much less compared to mining
17. 300 1400
Total Community & shipowner
Average world price (€/tonne)
contribution (€/tonne) 250 1200
1000
200
800
150
600
100
400
50 200
0 0
88
90
94
96
00
02
84
86
92
98
04
06
19
19
19
19
20
20
19
19
19
19
20
20
Total Community and shipowner contributions (€/tonne)
Average world price for whole frozen skipjack and yellowfin (€/tonne)
Figure 3 Comparison of the total community and ship owner contribution for tuna (€/tonne) with
the world market price for whole tuna (skipjack and yellow fin) (€/tonne) (Source (MRAG 2012)
18. Why are Fisheries Resources “Wealth”?
– What do we mean by wealth? In economic terms,
wealth is the value of assets owned by a person or
community.
– Africa’s fish resources represent renewable natural
capital capable of generating substantial amounts
of wealth over time and into the future
– Therefore, well-managed fisheries can produce
significant economic returns – resource rent
(surplus value or profitability) and be part of a
portfolio of wealth-producing assets, and
contribute to economic growth and welfare
19. Wealth Generation Potential of African Fisheries
Initial economic valuation undertaken by the NEPAD Agency and
endorsed by the Conference of African Ministers of Fisheries &
Aquaculture (CAMFA) is as follows:
–Africa’s fisheries as a whole has the first sale value of about US$ 4,861
million per year
–Well-managed fisheries can produce annual resource rents
(Profitability) between 30% and 70% of the first sale value.
–Our estimate used a conservative rule of thumb of 40% of turnover,
to give potential annual fish resource rent generation for Africa is
about US $2 billion.
–However, capitalising this annual value at a discount rate of 9% gives
an estimate of the wealth value of US$22 billion.
20. Fisheries Opportunities for SIDS
– Demand for fish is rising globally, including Africa (rising middle-class)
– The fisheries constraints of SIDS were first recognized by the 15th
Session of COFI in 1983 (Special Problems of the SIDS in the
Management and Development of Fisheries under the New Regime of
the Oceans)
– The special case of SIDS within the context of sustainable development
was first formally recognized by the UN (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro in
1992.
– More awareness among SIDS (and trading partners) of the need for
good fisheries governance
– International agreements provide for better management of fisheries
resources (UNCLOS 1982 including the right to exploit EEZs; FAO Code
of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (1995) and the UN Agreement on
Straddling and Highly Migratory Stocks (1995)
21. Fisheries Opportunities for SIDS
1. Collaborative regional management of fisheries (e.g. Tuna RMFOs,
ICCAT in the Atlantic, IOTC in the Indian Ocean and WCPTC and
IATTC in combination with the Forum Fisheries Association in the
Pacific
2. The Global Island Partnership (GLISPA) (launched in 2006) is a
global entity working to help islands around the world conserve
and sustainably utilize their invaluable natural resources
22. Options for better returns
1. Fishing should contribution toward Sustainable
Exploitation (MEY vs. MSY)
2. The need to improve knowledge of the fishery (better
data collection and analysis)
3. Good governance aimed at elimination of IUU Fishing
4. Support integration of the national fisheries sector into
the global economy (e.g. Via Joint Ventures rather than
FFA). Good examples are Namibia
5. To realize the massive wealth-generating potential, it is
important to create an enabling environment that
provides fishers with incentives and confidence to invest
in the fish resource itself
23. Estimation of rent using octopus
Mauritania fisheries
OPTION 1: keep 10 boats and
reduce f à fMSY
CA=$119m
MSY 34.000t
CT
Price Rent =$26m
$3.500/t 26.600t
Revenu, Coût, Rendement
$93m RT
Cost =$93m
Surplus
effort 31%
Effort de pêche
100
24. Estimation of rent using octopus Mauritania
fisheries
OPTION 2: Reducing f by reducing the
number of boats
Price CA=$119m
$3.500/t MSY 34.000t
CT
Cost/
boat
Revenu, Coût, Rendement
$0,93m Rent=$54m RT
Surplus
effort 31%
Cost=$65m
70
Effort de pêche
100
25. Best Practices among SIDS
1. Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) tuna fisheries capture ~2.4
million tons annually
2. The fishery is managed by the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries
Commission (WCPFC)
3. Pacific Island Countries (PICs) maintain the sovereign right of coastal States
to determine catches within their EEZs
4. WCPFC develops measures for the high seas
5. Eight PICs have organized as the Parties to the Nauru Agreement (PNA;
Federated States of Micronesia, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Palau,
Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Tuvalu).
6. The PNA are managing the WCPO purse seine fishery, maximizing economic
returns from their members’ coastal resources and developing their
domestic industries and economies.
7. Vessel Day Schemes (VDS) are used, resulting in revenues from fishing access
fees to comprise over 40% of some of the PNA members’ GDP.
26. Where are Best Practices?
• A Vessel Day Scheme (VDS) for controlling purse seine tuna fishing
effort within the national waters of eight members of the Parties to
the Nauru Agreement was implemented in December 2007.
• While originally conceived as a mechanism to control fishing effort,
the VDS has the capacity to complement and possibly replace
historical bilateral access agreements through creation of an
economic instrument capable of optimising rents from foreign fishing
by defining, selling and trading a limited supply of harvesting rights
owned by coastal States (MRAG 2012).
• To supplement the VDS, the PNA adopted further conservation and
management measures for foreign fishing vessels in 2008 which
included 100% purse seine observer coverage, a three-month closure
of FAD fishing, and prohibition of fishing by PNA-licensed vessels in
high seas pockets.
27. Conclusion and way forward
1. Increases awareness amongst key policy makers of the true value
of the fish resources
2. Can create an enabling environment that provides fishers with
incentives and confidence to invest in and manage the fish
resources
3. Develops practical strategies that can help realise wealth
generation potential of fish resources
4. Strategies for adaptation to climate change (NAPAS) should
include fisheries
5. SIDS should adopt collective bargaining position on international
negotiations
6. SIDS should share information on the market value of their fish
resource
7. SIDS should be more integrated into the mainland economies in
order to tap into regional markets