This is the length of the inter linking path of the flat primary canal 1, where only the major curves are looked in, while graphing the path on the surface of the earth. The length of the FPC may change with micro survey over the satellite pictures, which will be done by the different teams designated to survey a particular segment of the interlinking path / between two adjacent rivers as they are going to consider the minor curves that comes in the interlinking path.
Each segment of the canal (FPC) receives the water from the proximal and distal segments of the same FPC, and the area of land which is above its level.
The water of the river Ganga and Yamuna will be continuously feeding the FPC1 from the end opening of the Yamuna U Tube.
Each segment of canal (FPC) distributes / irrigates / supplies water to the proximal and the distal segments of the same FPC, and the area of land which is below its level.
In this presentation Description of the interlinking path with the Length in kms is mentioned. An example is given here '1. FPC1 Start 500 to Gambhir 500. And this path Receives water from; North eastern Rajasthan – north eastern slope of Aravalli range of hills apart from the water it receives the water continuously from the river Ganga and Yamuna and
Supplies water to; North eastern part of Rajasthan, South Haryana, Delhi, south UP till the Yamuna course. The total length of this interlinking path is 77.40 kilometers.'
Structures like Canal Elevator, River Elevator, Direct Canal Connector, Bi Dam will save the length of the canal at difficult areas and it also saves the creation cost, still irrigating the needy places.
Total FPC1 CRL Length in Kms is 8345.22
Total canal length we are going to save with CE, RE, DCC, BD in Kms is 703.13
Total length of the CE, RE, DCC, BD put together in Kms is 33.29
The Length (Actual) of the probable FPC1 in Kms is 7675.38
The capacity (Volume) of storable water (with the canal width of 200 mts, depth of 25 mts, but the maximum level maintained will be 20 mts) in the FPC1 (30701.52 million cubic meters) in TMC is 1133.5 (This volume can be filled and discharged any number of times.). Note: One cubic meters = 36.92 cubic feet.
Me thesis effect of common salt (na cl) on behaviour of black cotton soil e...RAJESH JAIN
This document provides an index and overview of a research paper on the effect of common salt (NaCl) on the behavior of black cotton soil. It includes 9 chapters that cover an introduction, literature review, materials and methodology, observations and calculations, results and discussion, and conclusions. The literature review discusses the chemical properties of NaCl and characteristics of black cotton soil. Previous related research found that engineering properties like maximum dry density and unconfined compressive strength of expansive soils increased with addition of NaCl, while optimum moisture content decreased. The objectives of this study are to investigate the effect of NaCl on index and engineering properties of black cotton soil at different percentages.
The Department of Rural Roads is responsible for rural road construction and maintenance in Thailand. It oversees a network of over 47,000 km of collector roads. The Department utilizes several management systems, including a Central Road Database to store asset data, a Pavement Maintenance Management System to predict lifecycles and plan budgets, and a Flood Management System to assess flood damage. It provides technical support to local governments and implements road safety programs and information technology solutions to improve operations.
Th is brochure highlights the best practices followed under the
program and reflects the impact of the roads on the lives of people living in diffi cult geographical terrains in Himachal Pradesh (HP) and Rajasthan. The rural roads sector, which is a State subject, also
lacked adequate planning and management due to
poor coordination between multiple funding streams
and agencies. Investing in rural roads was given low
priority and viewed in isolation from the need for
State and National Highways.
Rosemarie Anderson, Federal Highway Administration, shared information about addressing rural road safety in this session at the 2012 National Rural Transportation Peer Learning Conference, April 25-27 in Burlington, VT.
This document discusses different methods of soil stabilization, including mechanical and chemical stabilization. It provides details on two primary stabilization methods - mechanical and chemical/additive. The document also lists the advantages of soil stabilization and describes the basic ingredients and process for cement stabilization of soils for pavement construction. It gives an overview of a project rehabilitating roads in Trincomalee District, Sri Lanka after the 2004 tsunami, including photos showing the road construction and stabilization process.
The document discusses ancient Indian building materials and construction techniques. It describes various materials used like mud, bricks, lime, stones and wood. It provides details on production processes for mud blocks, bricks and lime mortar. It outlines appropriate mixtures and curing times. Examples of ancient structures that utilized these materials are also highlighted, demonstrating sophisticated construction knowledge existed in ancient India.
Me thesis effect of common salt (na cl) on behaviour of black cotton soil e...RAJESH JAIN
This document provides an index and overview of a research paper on the effect of common salt (NaCl) on the behavior of black cotton soil. It includes 9 chapters that cover an introduction, literature review, materials and methodology, observations and calculations, results and discussion, and conclusions. The literature review discusses the chemical properties of NaCl and characteristics of black cotton soil. Previous related research found that engineering properties like maximum dry density and unconfined compressive strength of expansive soils increased with addition of NaCl, while optimum moisture content decreased. The objectives of this study are to investigate the effect of NaCl on index and engineering properties of black cotton soil at different percentages.
The Department of Rural Roads is responsible for rural road construction and maintenance in Thailand. It oversees a network of over 47,000 km of collector roads. The Department utilizes several management systems, including a Central Road Database to store asset data, a Pavement Maintenance Management System to predict lifecycles and plan budgets, and a Flood Management System to assess flood damage. It provides technical support to local governments and implements road safety programs and information technology solutions to improve operations.
Th is brochure highlights the best practices followed under the
program and reflects the impact of the roads on the lives of people living in diffi cult geographical terrains in Himachal Pradesh (HP) and Rajasthan. The rural roads sector, which is a State subject, also
lacked adequate planning and management due to
poor coordination between multiple funding streams
and agencies. Investing in rural roads was given low
priority and viewed in isolation from the need for
State and National Highways.
Rosemarie Anderson, Federal Highway Administration, shared information about addressing rural road safety in this session at the 2012 National Rural Transportation Peer Learning Conference, April 25-27 in Burlington, VT.
This document discusses different methods of soil stabilization, including mechanical and chemical stabilization. It provides details on two primary stabilization methods - mechanical and chemical/additive. The document also lists the advantages of soil stabilization and describes the basic ingredients and process for cement stabilization of soils for pavement construction. It gives an overview of a project rehabilitating roads in Trincomalee District, Sri Lanka after the 2004 tsunami, including photos showing the road construction and stabilization process.
The document discusses ancient Indian building materials and construction techniques. It describes various materials used like mud, bricks, lime, stones and wood. It provides details on production processes for mud blocks, bricks and lime mortar. It outlines appropriate mixtures and curing times. Examples of ancient structures that utilized these materials are also highlighted, demonstrating sophisticated construction knowledge existed in ancient India.
SOIL STABILIZATION USING LIME AND CEMENTA. R. Atiq
This document summarizes a study on soil stabilization using lime and cement additives. The study aimed to analyze the effect of lime and cement on soil properties such as Atterberg limits, maximum dry density, and optimum moisture content. A literature review found that lime reduces plasticity and moisture retention while cement increases strength and durability. The experimental program involved testing soils with different additive types and percentages. Results showed that lime and cement can increase maximum dry density while decreasing liquid limit and optimum moisture content. This indicates soil stabilization using lime and cement can improve engineering properties of soils.
introduction to soil stabilization and introduction to geo textiles and synth...husna004
This document provides definitions and information about soil stabilization techniques. It discusses mechanical and additive stabilization, including the uses of stabilization to improve soil quality and reduce pavement thickness. Key additive stabilization methods described are portland cement, lime, fly ash, and bitumen. The document provides guidance on selecting additive stabilizers based on soil type and properties. It also discusses considerations for using stabilized soils in frost areas and determining the appropriate stabilizer content.
Stabilization in a broad sense incorporates the various methods employed for modifying the properties of a soil to improve its engineering performance. Stabilization is being used for a variety of engineering works, the most common application being in the construction of road and airfield pavements, where the main objective is to increase the strength or stability of soil and to reduce the construction cost by making best use of locally available materials.
This presentation includes in how many ways plastic can be used in soil stabilization. It covers how a waste material can be used without any additional increase in cost.
Characteristics of different types of soilsParth Joshi
1. Black soil forms over 5.4 lakh sq km areas and is high in clay with cracks in summer. It is highly suitable for cotton growth.
2. Red soil forms over 3.5 lakh sq km areas from weathering of crystalline rocks. It is more sandy, low in nutrients and does not retain moisture well.
3. Laterite soil forms in high rainfall areas and is known for its brick-like hardness when exposed. It contains remnants of iron and aluminum oxides.
This document discusses the design principles, components, and methods for designing both flexible and rigid pavements according to IRC standards, describing the roles of subgrade soil, pavement layers, traffic characteristics, and materials used for flexible pavements consisting of granular bases and bituminous surfaces, as well as jointed concrete slabs for rigid pavements. It also provides an example of designing a two-lane bypass pavement based on initial traffic volume, design life, growth rate, and subgrade CBR value.
This document discusses the components and layers of soil. It explains that soil is made up of five main components: rock, sand, silt, clay, and humus. These components provide structure and nutrients to support plant growth. The document also describes three layers of soil - topsoil, subsoil, and bedrock - and emphasizes the importance of conserving soil as a natural resource through practices like planting trees, grass, and gardens.
This document discusses the design of flexible granular pavements. It outlines the different types of pavement, including flexible pavements made of unbound granular materials and sometimes bituminous or cement stabilized materials. It also discusses rigid pavements made of Portland cement concrete. The document then focuses on analyzing the structural capacity of pavements and the factors considered in design, such as subgrade strength, pavement materials, and design traffic loading over the life of the pavement. Case studies are also presented.
This document discusses different methods for soil stabilization, including mechanical, physical, chemical, and bituminous stabilization. Mechanical stabilization involves compacting soil to increase density and strength. Physical stabilization involves blending soils or adding admixtures to improve properties. Chemical stabilization uses lime, cement, or other chemicals like calcium chloride to react with soils and modify their characteristics. Bituminous stabilization involves adding bitumen or asphalt to seal soil pores and increase cohesion between particles. The document provides details on appropriate soil types, required quantities, and construction methods for each stabilization technique.
Exposes the elementary science student to the idea there are three major kinds of soil found on earth as well as the very important remains of dead plants and animals called humus. Discusses soil and humus along with as some of the properties of each.
This document discusses the key components and formation of soil. It describes the six major components of soil as eroded rock, mineral nutrients, decaying organic matter, water, air, and living organisms. Soil forms through the weathering of bedrock and is influenced by physical, chemical, and biological factors. The document also outlines the horizons and properties of soil, such as texture and permeability, and explains their importance for supporting plant life. Various human impacts on and management of soil are also covered, such as erosion, conservation practices, and relevant legislation.
This document provides summaries of different soil types found in India:
- Black soil is dark grey to black in color with high clay content. It is found in 5.4 lakh sq km and suitable for cotton.
- Red soil is formed from weathered crystalline rocks. It is more sandy, less clayey, and poor in nutrients. It covers 3.5 lakh sq km.
- Laterite soil is brown to yellowish in color and forms a hard material used for building when exposed to air.
- Desert soil is sandy, porous, and low in nutrients and moisture. It covers 1.4 lakh sq km.
- Mountain soil is rich in humus and found in northeastern
Rural areas are separately settled places away from large cities characterized by lower population density and engagement in primary industries like agriculture. A rural community has a sense of unity and religion plays an important role in village life. Rural lifestyles differ from urban ones in having limited services, public transport, and utilities. Rural development aims to improve the economic and social conditions of rural poor through collective efforts and generation of employment in farm, storage, and other economic activities while also developing infrastructure, health, education, and living conditions. It faces various challenges including traditional mindsets, lack of education, inadequate infrastructure, and economic and leadership problems. Rural development is important for India to develop rural areas holistically and empower communities.
Interlinking rivers 12 - 7. chapter 16 & 17 7 flat primary canal1 west exte...Shivu P
This document discusses the lengths and capacities of various sections of the proposed Flat Primary Canal 1 (FPC1) that is part of a larger interlinking canal system between Indian rivers. It provides details on the lengths and capacities of the FPC1 West Extension (FPC1 WE) and FPC1 East Extension (FPC1 EE) sections. It also lists locations and lengths of various regulating structures, depressed canals, bypasses and other hydraulic structures that will be part of FPC1, including examples on the Narmada River and between the Pennar, Ponniyar and Kaveri Rivers. The total estimated length of FPC1 WE is over 1110 km with a storage capacity of 142.
Interlinking rivers 9 - Interlinking Indian Rivers - Short Presentation 8 - F...Shivu P
Bangalore platue: FPC2 will become the main source of water for the area of Bangalore platue.
The rivers which feed the FPC2 from the level above 900 mts AMSL are tributary to ayyanakere, Hagari, shimsha, Arkavathi, Palar, Yagachi, Hemavathi, Kaveri, Lakshmanatheertha, Kabini, Nugu, Suvarnavathi, Uduthorehalla, Palar.
Total FPC2 CRL Length in Kms is 1219.74
Total canal length we are going to save with CE, RE, DCC, BD in Kms is 215.01
Total length of the CE, RE, DCC, BD put together in Kms is 11.89
The Length (Actual) of the probable FPC2 in Kms is 1016.62
The capacity (Volume) of storable water (with the canal width of 200 mts, depth of 25 mts, but the maximum level maintained will be 20 mts) in the FPC2 (4066.48 million cubic meters) is 150.13 TMC.
FPC2 cannot be filled and discharged any number of times, unlike FPC1 and FPC4, as FPC2 is not having the ‘ever flowing rivers as its feeder’. Still, it can provide sufficient water to the Bangalore platue in the land which lays between ‘900 to 500mts AMSL’, because, All the water, which is generated from the river Cauvery and the its tributaries will be providing water only to the limited area of land between 900 to 500 mts AMSL, and the area which is below 500mts AMSL need not get the water from the river Cauvery and its tributaries as they will be irrigated by FPC1.
The water which is going to be absorbed by the ground / percolating in to the ground / the water which shifts underground as subsurface flow will decrease as the underground water will be saturated with water of the FPC1, thus ‘over the surface’ availability of the water from the river Cauvery and its tributaries will become more and it will be available for irrigation even in summer.
S5c15 chapter 15-flat primary canal (fpc1) lengths.Shivu P
This gives a rough idea about the length of primary canal which starts at the northern pert of aravalli range of hills in Rajastan to to the the southern part of cardamom hills in Tamilnadu, its capacity, the various rivers which feed the canal. The values are not accurate, but it is a rough guide to explain the satellite based survey when different teams sits and works for the RCS in RCS lab for interlinking rivers. We will get the accurate values when the work of micro survey is finished, when we decide about the exact level at which the course of the primary canal is going to lay, the size of the canal and the various structures that we need to construct to overcome the minor variations in the level of the land and so on.
This document contains questions and partial solutions related to a tutorial on high voltage engineering. It includes questions about calculating line current for a generator, the electric field in a power cable, overvoltages from lightning strikes, breakdown voltages in air gaps, and positions for ground wires to protect transmission lines from lightning. Solutions are provided for some questions, while others only include the question statement. The document covers topics like synchronous generators, cable design, overvoltages, partial discharge and breakdown characteristics in gases.
Interlinking rivers 11 - 6. chapter 14 5 flat primary canal1 west extension...Shivu P
The document outlines the river points along the proposed routes for the Flat Primary Canal 1 West Extension (FPC1WE) and East Extension (FPC1EE) in India. For the FPC1WE, 7 points are listed along its route from the Luni River to its end point in the FPC1. For the FPC1EE, 10 points are initially listed along its main route from the Mahanadi River to the Rihand River. An additional 6 points are then listed for the proposed South Branch extension of the FPC1EE. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for each river point.
S5c13 chapter 13-flat primary canal (fpc1) river points.Shivu P
In this chapter the details of the flat canal ( where the level of the canal above the mean sea level is same in its entire course, e.g. 500 meters above the mean sea level) which extends from the northern part of Aravalli range of hills in Rajasthan to southern part of Cardamom hills in Tamilnadu. The extensions of the FPC 1 makes the entire nations to get the water for irrigation, industries and for domestic purpose for the lands which comes below its level, thus we can prevent the drought in these areas and the water which is going to form the flood at the lower level will be fed to the flat primary canal at the higher level at multiple points. Some of the areas where we are not going to get the adequate land height will be managed with the structures like U tube, bi dam, canal elevator, aqua duct and so on.
Interlinking rivers 7 - Interlinking Indian Rivers - Short Presentation 6 - F...Shivu P
How FPC’s will get continuous supply of water to supply the water for the lands below its level? Who is going to feed the water to these canals continuously? The various catchment areas of various rivers which are going to feed the FPC 1 continuously as shown shown in this presentation.
The feeding areas for FPC1 are Ganga river catchment area-Himalayan hills, Yamuna river catchment area-Himalayan hills, Son-Seonath river catchment area-Maikala (On east) range of hills, Hasdo-Mand-Rihand river catchment area-Hazaribagh & Ramgarh hills, Narmada-Burhner river catchment area-Maikala (On west) range hills, Tel-Indravathi river catchment area-Dandakrany & eastern ghats (north range) of hills, Weinganga-Warda river catchment area-Mahadeo & Gawilgarh hills, Penganga-Godavari river catchment area-Sahyadri (Ajantha range) hills, Godhavari-Bhima river catchment area-Harishchandra & Balaghat hills, Bhima-Krishna river catchment area-Western ghat hills, Krishna -Cheyyaru river catchment area-Western ghat hills, Cheyyaru-Kaver river catchment area-Western ghat (Bangalore) hills, Kaveri-Moyar river catchment area-Western ghat (Bangalore) hills, Moyar-Bhavani river catchment area-Nilgiri hills, Bhavani-Nangangi river catchment area-Nilgiri hills-Palghat gap-Anai malai-Palani hills,Nangangi-Vaigai river catchment area-Anai malai-Palani-Varushnad hills, Vaigai-Chittar(End) river catchment area-Varushnad-Cardamom hills.
FPC 2 feeding areas are FPC2-Start-Hemavathi river catchment area-Western ghat (Baba buden hills), Hemavathi-Kaveri river catchment area-Western ghat, Kaveri-Kabini river catchment area-Western ghat, Kabini-Nugu river catchment area-Western ghat-Nilgiri hills, Nugu-Palar(South end) river catchment area-Western ghat-Nilgiri hills.
In this way the FPC will be filled by the various river catchment areas, and some of the river catchment areas like Ganga and Yamuna river catchment areas will be feeding the FPC1 continuously.
This presentation tells us about the relation between the environment and health of humans and the various changes happening in the air - water - food that we consume due to our own day to day activity. What are the per capita requirement of air - water - food and how increase in the population multiplied by the requirements of air - water - food increase the pressure on the environment with non union and selfish ness in the minds of the population is taking mother earth to her death bed and thus towards the end of all of us. Still there is a time to save all of us if we unite and work with cooperation and coordination.
SOIL STABILIZATION USING LIME AND CEMENTA. R. Atiq
This document summarizes a study on soil stabilization using lime and cement additives. The study aimed to analyze the effect of lime and cement on soil properties such as Atterberg limits, maximum dry density, and optimum moisture content. A literature review found that lime reduces plasticity and moisture retention while cement increases strength and durability. The experimental program involved testing soils with different additive types and percentages. Results showed that lime and cement can increase maximum dry density while decreasing liquid limit and optimum moisture content. This indicates soil stabilization using lime and cement can improve engineering properties of soils.
introduction to soil stabilization and introduction to geo textiles and synth...husna004
This document provides definitions and information about soil stabilization techniques. It discusses mechanical and additive stabilization, including the uses of stabilization to improve soil quality and reduce pavement thickness. Key additive stabilization methods described are portland cement, lime, fly ash, and bitumen. The document provides guidance on selecting additive stabilizers based on soil type and properties. It also discusses considerations for using stabilized soils in frost areas and determining the appropriate stabilizer content.
Stabilization in a broad sense incorporates the various methods employed for modifying the properties of a soil to improve its engineering performance. Stabilization is being used for a variety of engineering works, the most common application being in the construction of road and airfield pavements, where the main objective is to increase the strength or stability of soil and to reduce the construction cost by making best use of locally available materials.
This presentation includes in how many ways plastic can be used in soil stabilization. It covers how a waste material can be used without any additional increase in cost.
Characteristics of different types of soilsParth Joshi
1. Black soil forms over 5.4 lakh sq km areas and is high in clay with cracks in summer. It is highly suitable for cotton growth.
2. Red soil forms over 3.5 lakh sq km areas from weathering of crystalline rocks. It is more sandy, low in nutrients and does not retain moisture well.
3. Laterite soil forms in high rainfall areas and is known for its brick-like hardness when exposed. It contains remnants of iron and aluminum oxides.
This document discusses the design principles, components, and methods for designing both flexible and rigid pavements according to IRC standards, describing the roles of subgrade soil, pavement layers, traffic characteristics, and materials used for flexible pavements consisting of granular bases and bituminous surfaces, as well as jointed concrete slabs for rigid pavements. It also provides an example of designing a two-lane bypass pavement based on initial traffic volume, design life, growth rate, and subgrade CBR value.
This document discusses the components and layers of soil. It explains that soil is made up of five main components: rock, sand, silt, clay, and humus. These components provide structure and nutrients to support plant growth. The document also describes three layers of soil - topsoil, subsoil, and bedrock - and emphasizes the importance of conserving soil as a natural resource through practices like planting trees, grass, and gardens.
This document discusses the design of flexible granular pavements. It outlines the different types of pavement, including flexible pavements made of unbound granular materials and sometimes bituminous or cement stabilized materials. It also discusses rigid pavements made of Portland cement concrete. The document then focuses on analyzing the structural capacity of pavements and the factors considered in design, such as subgrade strength, pavement materials, and design traffic loading over the life of the pavement. Case studies are also presented.
This document discusses different methods for soil stabilization, including mechanical, physical, chemical, and bituminous stabilization. Mechanical stabilization involves compacting soil to increase density and strength. Physical stabilization involves blending soils or adding admixtures to improve properties. Chemical stabilization uses lime, cement, or other chemicals like calcium chloride to react with soils and modify their characteristics. Bituminous stabilization involves adding bitumen or asphalt to seal soil pores and increase cohesion between particles. The document provides details on appropriate soil types, required quantities, and construction methods for each stabilization technique.
Exposes the elementary science student to the idea there are three major kinds of soil found on earth as well as the very important remains of dead plants and animals called humus. Discusses soil and humus along with as some of the properties of each.
This document discusses the key components and formation of soil. It describes the six major components of soil as eroded rock, mineral nutrients, decaying organic matter, water, air, and living organisms. Soil forms through the weathering of bedrock and is influenced by physical, chemical, and biological factors. The document also outlines the horizons and properties of soil, such as texture and permeability, and explains their importance for supporting plant life. Various human impacts on and management of soil are also covered, such as erosion, conservation practices, and relevant legislation.
This document provides summaries of different soil types found in India:
- Black soil is dark grey to black in color with high clay content. It is found in 5.4 lakh sq km and suitable for cotton.
- Red soil is formed from weathered crystalline rocks. It is more sandy, less clayey, and poor in nutrients. It covers 3.5 lakh sq km.
- Laterite soil is brown to yellowish in color and forms a hard material used for building when exposed to air.
- Desert soil is sandy, porous, and low in nutrients and moisture. It covers 1.4 lakh sq km.
- Mountain soil is rich in humus and found in northeastern
Rural areas are separately settled places away from large cities characterized by lower population density and engagement in primary industries like agriculture. A rural community has a sense of unity and religion plays an important role in village life. Rural lifestyles differ from urban ones in having limited services, public transport, and utilities. Rural development aims to improve the economic and social conditions of rural poor through collective efforts and generation of employment in farm, storage, and other economic activities while also developing infrastructure, health, education, and living conditions. It faces various challenges including traditional mindsets, lack of education, inadequate infrastructure, and economic and leadership problems. Rural development is important for India to develop rural areas holistically and empower communities.
Interlinking rivers 12 - 7. chapter 16 & 17 7 flat primary canal1 west exte...Shivu P
This document discusses the lengths and capacities of various sections of the proposed Flat Primary Canal 1 (FPC1) that is part of a larger interlinking canal system between Indian rivers. It provides details on the lengths and capacities of the FPC1 West Extension (FPC1 WE) and FPC1 East Extension (FPC1 EE) sections. It also lists locations and lengths of various regulating structures, depressed canals, bypasses and other hydraulic structures that will be part of FPC1, including examples on the Narmada River and between the Pennar, Ponniyar and Kaveri Rivers. The total estimated length of FPC1 WE is over 1110 km with a storage capacity of 142.
Interlinking rivers 9 - Interlinking Indian Rivers - Short Presentation 8 - F...Shivu P
Bangalore platue: FPC2 will become the main source of water for the area of Bangalore platue.
The rivers which feed the FPC2 from the level above 900 mts AMSL are tributary to ayyanakere, Hagari, shimsha, Arkavathi, Palar, Yagachi, Hemavathi, Kaveri, Lakshmanatheertha, Kabini, Nugu, Suvarnavathi, Uduthorehalla, Palar.
Total FPC2 CRL Length in Kms is 1219.74
Total canal length we are going to save with CE, RE, DCC, BD in Kms is 215.01
Total length of the CE, RE, DCC, BD put together in Kms is 11.89
The Length (Actual) of the probable FPC2 in Kms is 1016.62
The capacity (Volume) of storable water (with the canal width of 200 mts, depth of 25 mts, but the maximum level maintained will be 20 mts) in the FPC2 (4066.48 million cubic meters) is 150.13 TMC.
FPC2 cannot be filled and discharged any number of times, unlike FPC1 and FPC4, as FPC2 is not having the ‘ever flowing rivers as its feeder’. Still, it can provide sufficient water to the Bangalore platue in the land which lays between ‘900 to 500mts AMSL’, because, All the water, which is generated from the river Cauvery and the its tributaries will be providing water only to the limited area of land between 900 to 500 mts AMSL, and the area which is below 500mts AMSL need not get the water from the river Cauvery and its tributaries as they will be irrigated by FPC1.
The water which is going to be absorbed by the ground / percolating in to the ground / the water which shifts underground as subsurface flow will decrease as the underground water will be saturated with water of the FPC1, thus ‘over the surface’ availability of the water from the river Cauvery and its tributaries will become more and it will be available for irrigation even in summer.
S5c15 chapter 15-flat primary canal (fpc1) lengths.Shivu P
This gives a rough idea about the length of primary canal which starts at the northern pert of aravalli range of hills in Rajastan to to the the southern part of cardamom hills in Tamilnadu, its capacity, the various rivers which feed the canal. The values are not accurate, but it is a rough guide to explain the satellite based survey when different teams sits and works for the RCS in RCS lab for interlinking rivers. We will get the accurate values when the work of micro survey is finished, when we decide about the exact level at which the course of the primary canal is going to lay, the size of the canal and the various structures that we need to construct to overcome the minor variations in the level of the land and so on.
This document contains questions and partial solutions related to a tutorial on high voltage engineering. It includes questions about calculating line current for a generator, the electric field in a power cable, overvoltages from lightning strikes, breakdown voltages in air gaps, and positions for ground wires to protect transmission lines from lightning. Solutions are provided for some questions, while others only include the question statement. The document covers topics like synchronous generators, cable design, overvoltages, partial discharge and breakdown characteristics in gases.
Interlinking rivers 11 - 6. chapter 14 5 flat primary canal1 west extension...Shivu P
The document outlines the river points along the proposed routes for the Flat Primary Canal 1 West Extension (FPC1WE) and East Extension (FPC1EE) in India. For the FPC1WE, 7 points are listed along its route from the Luni River to its end point in the FPC1. For the FPC1EE, 10 points are initially listed along its main route from the Mahanadi River to the Rihand River. An additional 6 points are then listed for the proposed South Branch extension of the FPC1EE. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for each river point.
S5c13 chapter 13-flat primary canal (fpc1) river points.Shivu P
In this chapter the details of the flat canal ( where the level of the canal above the mean sea level is same in its entire course, e.g. 500 meters above the mean sea level) which extends from the northern part of Aravalli range of hills in Rajasthan to southern part of Cardamom hills in Tamilnadu. The extensions of the FPC 1 makes the entire nations to get the water for irrigation, industries and for domestic purpose for the lands which comes below its level, thus we can prevent the drought in these areas and the water which is going to form the flood at the lower level will be fed to the flat primary canal at the higher level at multiple points. Some of the areas where we are not going to get the adequate land height will be managed with the structures like U tube, bi dam, canal elevator, aqua duct and so on.
Interlinking rivers 7 - Interlinking Indian Rivers - Short Presentation 6 - F...Shivu P
How FPC’s will get continuous supply of water to supply the water for the lands below its level? Who is going to feed the water to these canals continuously? The various catchment areas of various rivers which are going to feed the FPC 1 continuously as shown shown in this presentation.
The feeding areas for FPC1 are Ganga river catchment area-Himalayan hills, Yamuna river catchment area-Himalayan hills, Son-Seonath river catchment area-Maikala (On east) range of hills, Hasdo-Mand-Rihand river catchment area-Hazaribagh & Ramgarh hills, Narmada-Burhner river catchment area-Maikala (On west) range hills, Tel-Indravathi river catchment area-Dandakrany & eastern ghats (north range) of hills, Weinganga-Warda river catchment area-Mahadeo & Gawilgarh hills, Penganga-Godavari river catchment area-Sahyadri (Ajantha range) hills, Godhavari-Bhima river catchment area-Harishchandra & Balaghat hills, Bhima-Krishna river catchment area-Western ghat hills, Krishna -Cheyyaru river catchment area-Western ghat hills, Cheyyaru-Kaver river catchment area-Western ghat (Bangalore) hills, Kaveri-Moyar river catchment area-Western ghat (Bangalore) hills, Moyar-Bhavani river catchment area-Nilgiri hills, Bhavani-Nangangi river catchment area-Nilgiri hills-Palghat gap-Anai malai-Palani hills,Nangangi-Vaigai river catchment area-Anai malai-Palani-Varushnad hills, Vaigai-Chittar(End) river catchment area-Varushnad-Cardamom hills.
FPC 2 feeding areas are FPC2-Start-Hemavathi river catchment area-Western ghat (Baba buden hills), Hemavathi-Kaveri river catchment area-Western ghat, Kaveri-Kabini river catchment area-Western ghat, Kabini-Nugu river catchment area-Western ghat-Nilgiri hills, Nugu-Palar(South end) river catchment area-Western ghat-Nilgiri hills.
In this way the FPC will be filled by the various river catchment areas, and some of the river catchment areas like Ganga and Yamuna river catchment areas will be feeding the FPC1 continuously.
Similar to Interlinking rivers 6 - Interlinking Indian Rivers - Short Presentation 5 - FPC1 Lengths (Refer Chapter 15.6) (7)
This presentation tells us about the relation between the environment and health of humans and the various changes happening in the air - water - food that we consume due to our own day to day activity. What are the per capita requirement of air - water - food and how increase in the population multiplied by the requirements of air - water - food increase the pressure on the environment with non union and selfish ness in the minds of the population is taking mother earth to her death bed and thus towards the end of all of us. Still there is a time to save all of us if we unite and work with cooperation and coordination.
Comments on NWDA's (National Water Development Authority) methodology of ILR ...Shivu P
This is an article written and sent to one of my friend.
This article contains my personnel comments on the present plan of National Water Development Authority for Interlinking Indian Rivers. I think, the government will look in to it before it proceeds for the same.
As the population is increasing, the need for good air, water, food and others are also increasing, that has to be provided by the environment. In this process the environment is getting injuries and deteriorating gradually. Let us see how it is happening and how we can prevent this.
Breastfeeding should be sustained for at least 6 months exclusively and continued until 24 months with the introduction of complementary foods at 6 months. The mother has primary responsibility to sustain breastfeeding but requires support from family, community, employers, educators, media, healthcare workers, and national policies. Sustaining breastfeeding long-term involves addressing issues at multiple levels from individual knowledge and skills to societal mindsets and resource allocation by the nation.
Breast feeding is one of the most important gift, support, bond, attachment provided between the Mother and the baby even after the delivery of the baby to maintain the normal physiology of the mother, baby, family, society and the nation. some of the aspects of breast feeding especially the importance of proper feeding techniques to initiate, sustain and make the breast feeding successful is mentioned here.
Reticular canal system where we use flat canals to the maximum extent is one of the most useful, eco friendly, simple, safe, secure, surface situated, larger surface irrigating, sustainable, synergistic present irrigation system, sufficient, thus say no to disputes, system of interlinking rivers. With this we should be able to end all the water related problems permanently and thus bring peace, prosperity, wealth, health, happiness to the mankind.
Summary of the book 'views to make this world developed'Shivu P
Deforestation, desertification, poverty, pollution, malnutrition, corruption, robberies, quarrels, destruction, war, drought, sufferings, diseases and such things are the consequences of population explosion, egoism, over ambition, un satisfactions, jealousy, un cooperation, in co ordination, results in environmental destruction, making our biosphere poisonous, we losing our earth for our living soon.
The main aim of this book is to make this ‘World’ developed and this ‘Earth’ as the lovely place for every ‘Human’, but not to criticize the present system. These are my opinions, I know efforts are taken from centuries to make this world / earth a more suitable place for life of all the living creatures including humans, but this is my concern expressed in this way and the rest is left to the discretion of the leaders and the people of this world.
The document provides biographical information about Dr. Shivu.P, including his date and place of birth, educational background obtaining his MBBS and postgraduate diploma, work experience as a pediatrician at various hospitals, and current position working as a pediatrician and running his own clinic. Pictures are included showing different stages of Dr. Shivu's life and career.
Contents of this book - section chapter (Includes all the chapters)Shivu P
This presentation gives complete list of all the chapters of this book 'Views to make this ‘World’ developed and this ‘Earth’ as the lovely place for every ‘Human’.
This document contains a list of abbreviations and their descriptions related to developing rural areas and infrastructure. There are over 50 abbreviations listed ranging from organizations like the Agriculture Association (AA) to infrastructure terms like Primary Canal (PC) and Tertiary Canal (TC). The goal of the list seems to be to standardize common abbreviations used in development projects to make the "World" more developed and the "Earth" a lovely place for every "Human".
S13c18 chapter 18-different blocks in the model village (auto cad drawings).Shivu P
In this chapter the various plans for the model village and the model nation are given as the prototype. The original drawings are in auto cad drawing. This chapter is an over view of the plans of the model village and model nation. Various blocks like office block, school blocks, sports blocks, residence, hospital blocks, cow keeping blocks, agriculture product processing block, and so on are mentioned. It is planned in such a way that, no one need not utilize any type of vehicle inside the village to reach different blocks, as the inter building bridges brings all the needy places in walk able distance, thus we can reduce the utilization of vehicle and the fuel to maximum level, thus the pollution and traffic congestion.
S13c17 chapter 17-facts and figures on waste management.Shivu P
Increased production of waste which are solid, electronic, gaseous, liquid, bio hazard /medical, industrial and so on are the result of modern world due to rapid growth in population, urbanization, industries and so on. Now it is becoming the threat to the people who live close to the waste dumping / treating areas and later it will becomes the threat to the entire biosphere and to the life of all the organisms. So it is very much essential to prevent uncontrolled urbanization, convert all the waste in to useful materials through recycling at the suitable level. Model village and model nation plan can handle the waste management in a better way. In this chapter some of the facts and figures related to the waste management are mentioned.
S13c16 chapter 16-facts and figures on urbanisation.Shivu P
Urbanization with all the amenities became the need for the affordable class of people. Urban slums are the people who lead the life in a bad condition where they do not have other ways to lead the life better than this, suffer a lot, acts like the reservoir of disease and spread the communicable diseases even to the affordable class of people. Traffic related issues, sanitation, transportation, domestic water supply, pollution are some of the major issues which will stick to the problem of urbanization. Now our leaders started solving these problems with fly over’s, metros, underground canal transportation, one way roads, pumping water from the rivers to the cities, identifying places to manage the waste, and so on. Do you think will these types of problems will solve by constructing more number of fly over’s?
Please understand, the solution for all these problems are not present in the urban area, but it is present in the rural area. People should stop migrating towards the urban areas, and that is possible only when the people who live in the village gets good income for their effort in their own village, good school for their children, better recreation facility in their own village and that is possible with model village - model nation plan. with model village and model nation people will stop migrating towards the urban areas and in fact those who have properties in their native village will move back to their village and thus the burden of urbanization will decrease. The leaders of the this world will understand this concept and will work in this way. Some of the facts and figures related to the urbanization are mentioned in this chapter.
S13c15 chapter 15-facts and figures on unemployment.Shivu P
S13c15 chapter 15-facts and figures on unemployment.
Unemployment problem will arise when a skilled person does not get his basic needs for his profession (for example irrigation for the farmer), or a skilled person does not able to adjust for the new job which is not related to his university degree (for example the university degree holding son of the farmer will be wasting decades in his life looking for the job in a government office instead of involving in the farm work with his father, and he will be telling to his friends that 'farming is not a good job and we will go for loss because there are no rains for many years' and it may be the truth also).
'Every second of every person is important and that needs to be utilized in a constructive ways through the programs and policies'. If the leaders thinks that ‘only their time is precious - others are not so important’, and if they fail to make the policies in such a way that, even the child which is going to be born after ten years will also get some job in suitable way soon after his education, then that nation is not going to develop with the phase other nation and the people of that nation is going to suffer a lot in various ways.
A university which generates the degree holder needs to understand the need of that degree in the society before it generating that degree holder to eradicate the graduate unemployment problem. More unemployment will lead more burden on the environment, it is because an unemployed person in the period of unemployment in his life will be leading unproductive life during his unemployment period, but he will be utilizing all the products of environment through his food, cloth, shelter and so on, thus there is a negative balance in the life and in the environment. I think the leaders of this world will understand the interrelationship between the unemployment and the sustainability of the environment and will create this world in such a way that all the people of the world will be involved in one or the other Eco friendly productive activity and thus leads a happy and prosperous life.
In this chapter I have mentioned about some of the facts like rate of unemployment, labor laws, labor force, marketable skills, professional skills, adult unemployment, graduate unemployment, and so on.
S13c13 chapter 13-facts and figures on some statistics.Shivu P
In this chapter some of the statistics related to gross domestic product, per capita income, life expectancy, crude death rate and so on are mentioned. With model village and model nation plan it is possible to increase the GDP, per capita income and life expectancy.
S13c10 chapter 10-facts and figures on poverty.Shivu P
Let us think, it is not practically possible to work twenty four hours in a day with utmost sincerity, good character, faithfulness in all the days of the year by one person and even if a person works like this, then also, he will not become the richest person of the world, its means that, there is no relation between the hours of work, character of the person, sincerity in work and so on with richness. So this world is running with the race of intelligence in both legal and illegal way and the most intelligent person for making money will become the rich soon and the people even with intelligence without the intelligence for making the money will remain as poor even with work and working for any number of hours. People working for money to lead the life but not getting the sufficient money to lead the life with this increase in the rate of all the essential materials will make this earth vulnerable for injury like poor people travelling with poor vehicles with increased emission will add to the burden on pollution, overcrowded slums will acts like the reservoir for all the communicable diseases and sudden breakups of diseases can occur at any time and it can involve any person. So it is very much essential to eradicate the poverty to save our planet for our living. I think the seriousness behind it will be understood by our leaders and will work for the same to save our earth for our living.
In this chapter some of the facts and figures related to people living with hungry in different parts of the world, per capita income, wealth distribution, and so on are mentioned.
S13c8 chapter 8-facts and figures on life style practices.Shivu P
There was a time where people were not able to identify the cause for the ailments, so they used to try the treatment, they know or they used to pry in different way or they used to practice some rituals or try with some plant products and so on. No one knows about the mechanism of action and the prognosis after giving the treatment for most of the ailments, but still they used to try the same because it was giving some mental satisfaction for the people and they used to feel that they are doing something to get cure for the ailment. But the advantages and the disadvantages of the same were not at all discussed in the gathering through debates as it was confined to one family and as they were not discussed in the media to receive the opinions about the same practice. It is not good to continue the same practice which are not going to give cure for the ailment in a proven way even if is not going to cause harm to the patient but it delays the time in seeking the suitable treatment by the patient and allows the disease to progress and it allows the disease to win in the race between the disease and the treatment to the extent of mortality / death or it may leave the life in a vegetative form with many morbidity. I think the leaders of the world will understand the seriousness behind this widely practiced unscientific rituals and its burden leading to increased mortality, morbidity, loss of workable days, economic loss through the healthcare both in private and public sector as it delays the initiation of treatment.
In this chapter some of the practices that the people practice even in this era of science is mentioned and how these practices are going cause injury to the individual or to the society either directly or indirectly are mentioned.
S13c7 Chapter 7-facts and figures on infrastructure.Shivu P
Haphazard distribution of population and the population explosion consumes lot of economy in the name of infrastructure, this leads the governments to fail in providing quality infrastructure with long life span to all the people of its country and thus we lose lot of money in this way. Poor infrastructure has got its own disadvantages in terms of maintenance and it leads to lot of accidents and may consume many lives in various ways through trauma, infection, pollution and so on. In this chapter some of the facts and figures related to the infrastructure are mentioned.
As the population increased, the need of infrastructure increased many folds. This type of disproportionate increase in the demand on infrastructure is due to haphazard distribution of population, population distribution in small hamlets away from the main stream due to various causes like caste, but the government need to provide all the basic infrastructure even to the small population of 200 or 300 people with 30 to 40 houses like good connecting road, good school building with all the needed facility, electricity connection with power station and maintenance infrastructure, water supply system and its maintenance infrastructure, revenue department, public work department and so on. Thus with the increase in the population and increase in the number of villages without any plan for future infrastructure made the government to invest more money on the infrastructure, but increase in the number of villages made the large fund to divide in to smaller and smaller amount, which lead to poor quality in infrastructure. Poor quality infrastructure lead to accidents, more money on maintenance, more waste generation, pollution and so on. So to decrease the investment on infrastructure and to increase the quality - safety - durability of the infrastructure, it is very much essential to decrease the number of villages and make the people to live together. Making the people to live together is not the simple thing to do, caste - practices - god - diet come in the way. So the leaders of the world need to think seriously to save this earth, to stop converting the agriculture lands and forest lands in to concrete forest - high ways - train tracks and so on, where these things will lead to deforestation, desertification, pollution, global warming and threat to the biosphere.
In this chapter some of the facts and figures related infrastructures are mentioned.
S13c6 chapter 6- facts and figures on healthShivu P
Health does not mean the 'hospital and the doctors', health is the reflection of nutrition/food, water, environment, air, pollution, society, infrastructure and the leaders intelligence. In this chapter some of the facts and figures related to family and health, various causes for death in various age groups in different locations, food insecurity - hunger - under nutrition, why orphanages are increasing, environment - water supply - sanitation -its impact on health care, doctor - population ratio, money spent on health, measures taken by the government still not able to achieve the satisfactory results, why millennium development goals are not achieved and how these can be handled well with model village and model nation are mentioned.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
RoHS stands for Restriction of Hazardous Substances, which is also known as t...vijaykumar292010
RoHS stands for Restriction of Hazardous Substances, which is also known as the Directive 2002/95/EC. It includes the restrictions for the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment. RoHS is a WEEE (Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment).
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
2. Chapter 15:
Flat Primary canal (FPC1) Lengths:
This is the length of the inter linking path of the flat
primary canal 1, where only the major curves are
looked in, while graphing the path on the surface
of the earth. The length of the FPC may change
with micro survey over the satellite pictures,
which will be done by the different teams
designated to survey a particular segment of the
interlinking path / between two adjacent rivers as
they are going to consider the minor curves that
comes in the interlinking path. 345
3. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
Each segment of the canal (FPC) receives the water from the
proximal and distal segments of the same FPC, and the area of
land which is above its level. 346
4. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
The water of the river Ganga and Yamuna will be
continuously feeding the FPC1 from the end opening of the
YUT. 347
5. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
Each segment of canal (FPC) distributes / irrigates / supplies
water to the proximal and the distal segments of the same
FPC, and the area of land which is below its level. 348
6. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
SN. Description. Length in kms.
1. FPC1 Start 500 to Gambhir 500.
Receives from; North eastern Rajasthan – north eastern slope
of Aravalli range of hills.
Supplies to; North eastern part of Rajasthan, South Haryana,
Delhi, south UP till the Yamuna course. 77.40 349
7. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
There is a depressed area between FPC1 beginning to Gambhir
D1, which is 431 mts AMSL, we may have to construct BD or U
tube to by pass this geographical variation. 350
8. There is another depressed area between
FPC1 beginning to Gambhir D2, which is
444 mts AMSL, we may have to construct
BD or U tube to by pass this geographical
variation.
Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
351
9. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
Gambhir 500 to Dhund 500.
Receives from; North eastern Rajasthan (Govidagarh and Chomu area) – north eastern slope
of Aravalli range of hills.
Supplies to; North eastern part of Rajasthan, South Haryana, Delhi, south UP till the
Yamuna course.
50.12 352
10. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
Dhund 500 to Bandi 500.
Receives from; Eastern Rajasthan (Bilonchi area), eastern slope of Aravalli
rnage of hills.
Supplies to; Eastern rajasthan till Chambal river, south western UP till Yamuna
river.
34.14 353
11. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
Bandi 500 to Mashi 500. Receives from; By the
previous and next segment area. It may become closed
canal system. 103.49. Lowest point between Bandi500 – Mashi500
path is 362mts AMSL. (260047’29.92”N) (750018’57.36”E).
We have to do BD or U tube to by pass this depression. 354
12. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
Mashi 500 to Khairi 500. Receives from; By the previous and next
segment area. It may become closed canal system. 118.48. The depressed
points between Mashi500 – Khairi500 path are 316mts [(240020’9.50”N)
(74000’18.87”E)] and 390mts [(240012’9.54”N) (740040’26.28”E)] AMSL.
We have to do BD or U tube to by pass this depression. 355
13. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
Khairi 500 to Berach 500. Receives from; Eastern slope of
Aravalli range of hills. Supplies to; Eastern rajastan. 110.24 356
14. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
7.Berach 500 to Sou 500. Receives from; Eastern slope of
Aravalli range of hills. Eastern Rajasthan. Supplies to; Eastern
Rajasthan. 178.07 357
15. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
8.Sou 500 to Chambal 500. Receives from; North slope of
Vindya range of hills, south Rajasthan and west MP. Supplies
to; West MP, east Rajastan. 163.94 358
16. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
9.Chambal 500 to Ghambhir 500. Receives from; North slope
of Vindya range of hills, Central MP. Supplies to; North west
MP, east Rajasthan. 29.23 359
17. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
10.Ghambhir 500 to Sipra 500.
48.70 360
18. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
11.Sipra 500 to Kalisindh 500. 33.77
There is an elevated area between Sipra – Kalisindh path and the
maximum level we get in this path is 530 mts AMSL at (23002’33.56”N)
(76001’35.45”E). DCC is required. 361
19. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
12.Kalisindh500 to Newaj500.
19.03 362
20. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
13.Newaj 500 to Ahu 500.
65.21 363
21. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
14.Ahu 500 to Parwan 500.
26.15 364
22. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
15.Parwan 500 to Parbathi 500
36.78 365
23. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
16.Parbathi 500 to T. To T. Betwa500.
78.28 366
24. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
17.T. To T. Betwa500 to Betwa500. 13.11. Lowest point between T. To T.
Betwa to Betwa path is 362mts AMSL (230018’46.15”N) (770026’1.31”E).
We have to do BD or U tube to by pass this depression. 367
25. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
18.Betwa 500 to Bina 500.
134.91 368
26. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
19.Bina 500 to Dhasan 500. 32.58. There is an elevated area between
Bina 500 to Dhasan 500 path and the maximum level we get in this
path is 542 mts AMSL at (230043’37.85”N) (780025’51.80”E). DCC is
required. 369
27. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
20.Dhasan 500 to Bewas 500.
70.84 370
28. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
21.Bewas 500 to Sonar 500.
43.57 371
29. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
22.Sonar 500 to Bearma 500. 71.04. The depressed point between Sonar 500
to Bearma 500 path are 465mts [(230027’54.15”N) (780056’57.23”E)], 470mts
[(23020’14.13”N) (78054’3.72”)] and 430mts [(230018’16.37”N) (79004’10.32”E)]
AMSL. We have to do BD or U tube to by pass this depression. 372
30. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
23.Bearma 500 to Heran 500. 106.47. The depressed points between
Bearma 500 to Heran 500 path are 405mts [(230014’44.06”N)
(790019’33.43”E)] and 374mts [(230019’15.98”N) (790047’34.38”E)] AMSL.
We have to do BD or U tube to by pass this depression. 373
31. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
24.Heran 500 to Narmada 500.
This length will decrease with FPC1 Narmada RE.
141.96 374
32. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
25.Narmada 500 to Burhner 500.
79.22 375
33. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
26.Burhner 500 to Banjar 500.
86.54 376
34. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
27.Banjar 500 to Weinganga 500. 129.62. There is an elevated area
between Banjar 500 to Weinganga 500 path and the maximum level
we get in this path is 540 mts AMSL at (220030’23.54”N)
(790052’16.17”E). DCC is required. 377
35. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
28.Weinganga 500 to Panch 500.
125.00 378
36. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
29.Panch 500 to Kanhan 500.
119.15 379
37. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
30.Kanhan 500 to Wardha 500.
54.5 380
38. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
31.Wardha 500 to Penganga 500. 294.82. The depressed points between
Wardha 500 to Penganga 500 path are 345mts [(210010’47.71”N)
(770049’39.90”E)] and 282mts [(200039’20.88”N) (770050’10.06”E)]
AMSL. We have to do BD or U tube to by pass this depression. 381
39. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
32.Penganga500 to Purna 500.
127.61 382
40. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
33.Purna 500 to Dudna 500.
124.78 383
41. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
34.Dudna 500 to Godhavari 500.
228.79 384
42. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
35.Godhavari 500 to Manjra 500.
588.77 385
43. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
36.Manjra 500 to Kagna 500. 51.70. There is an elevated area between
Manjra 500 to Kagna 500 path and the maximum level we get in this
path is 683 mts AMSL at (170025’26.60”N) (770051’43.40”E). DCC is
required. 386
44. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
37.Kagna500 to Benithora 500.
165.59 387
45. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
38.Benithora 500 to Sina 500.
266.81 388
46. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
39.Sina 500 to Bhima 500.
179.40 389
47. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
40.Bhima500 to Man 500.
195.54 390
48. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
41.Man 500 to Don 500.
330.54 391
49. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
42.Don 500 to Krishana 495.
79.18 392
50. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
43.Krishna495 to Malaprabha 500.
32.62 393
51. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
44.Malaprabha 500 to T. To. T. Tungabhadra500.
292.00 394
52. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
45.T. To. T. Tungabhadra 500 to Tungabhadra 500.
38.69 395
53. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
46.Tungabhadra 500 to Chikkahagari 500.
200.91 396
54. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
47.Chikkahagari 500 to Hagari 495.
52.21 397
55. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
48.Hagari 495 to Pennar 500.
66.87 398
56. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
49.Pennar 500 to Papagni 500.
This length will decrease with FPC1 Pennar –Papagni DCC.
352.27 399
57. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
50.Papagni 500 to Cheyyar 500.
126.00 400
58. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
51.Cheyyar 500 to Palar 500.
252.00 401
59. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
52.Palar 500 to Ponniyar 500.
66.73 402
60. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
53.Ponniyar 500 to Kaveri 500
This length will decrease with FPC1 Ponniyar 500 to Kaveri 500 DCC1, CE1, CE2, CE3
& CE4.
275.00 403
61. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
54.Kaveri 500 to Moyar 500.
This length will decrease with FPC1 (Kaveri RE), & (Kaveri – Moyar CE1, CE2, &
CE3).
542.85 404
62. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
55.Moyar 500 to Bhavani 500.
This length will decrease with FPC1 Moyar RE.
113.70 405
63. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
56.Bhavani 500 to Noyil 500.
This length will decrease with FPC1 Bhavani RE.
125.63 406
64. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
57.Noyil 500 to Amaravathi 500. 119.00. The depressed points between Noyil 500 to
Amaravathi 500 path are 378mts [(100055’47.99”N) (760058’48.48”E)], 410mts
[(10053’57.22”N) (7708’22.16”)] and 342mts [(100045’16.87”N) (77007’47.64”E)] AMSL.
We have to do BD or U tube to by pass this depression. 407
65. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
58.Amaravathi 500 to Nanganji 500.
79.09 408
66. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
59.Nanganji 500 to Surya/vaigai 500.
314.06 409
67. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
60.Surya/Vaigai500 to Arjuna 500.
29.24 410
68. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
61.Arjuna 500 to Vaippur 500.
91.81 411
69. Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
62.Vaippur 500 to Chittar (FPC1 End)500. 159.47. Lowest point between
Vaippur 500 to Chittar (FPC1 End)500 path is 372mts AMSL.
(80059’33.63”N) (77009’57.08”E).
We have to do BD or U tube to by pass this depression. 412
70. Total FPC1 CRL Length in Kms is 8345.22
Total canal length we are going to save with CE, RE,
DCC, BD in Kms.
Topic series: 445. Topic 1: FPC1 Lengths and approximate capacity:
One cubic meters = 36.92 cubic feet.
703.13
Total length of the CE, RE, DCC, BD put together in Kms 33.29
The Length (Actual) of the probable FPC1 in Kms. 7675.38
The capacity (Volume) of storable water (with the canal
1133.5
width of 200 mts, depth of 25 mts, but the maximum
level maintained will be 20 mts) in the FPC1 (30701.52
million cubic meters) in TMC. (This volume can be filled
and discharged any number of times.)
TMC.
413