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18 kWh heat
28 kWh losses
residual heat (exhaust gas)
potentially
usefull

76 kWh
primary
30 kWh mechanical energy energy
100 kWh
heating energy

70 kWh
renewable
energy

14 kWh heat
losses
(exhaust gas)

60 kWh
22 kWh residual heat primary
100 kWh heating 30 kWh mechanical energy
24 kWh mechanical energy energy
energy

54 kWh
renewable
energy

América Latina tiene una historia importante del uso de los recursos de energía renovable. El uso de estos recursos en la región se ha hecho a través de grandes centrales hidroeléctricas. Sin embargo, existe un enorme potencial para una mayor utilización de nuevas fuentes de energía renovables: pequeñas plantas hidroeléctricas, energía eólica, solar, geotérmica. En la actualidad, estas tecnologías de producción de energía renovable (sin considerar las grandes centrales hidroeléctricas) contribuyen con sólo 2.5 a 5% de la capacidad instalada existente en los países estudiados. En este webinar se presentan los resultados de un estudio sobre la situación y tendencias actuales de la expansión del uso de pequeñas plantas hidroeléctricas, energía eólica, solar, geotérmica en seis países latinoamericanos: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Perú, México, Venezuela y América Central de una manera global. El estudio analiza los planes de expansión del sector energético de cada país hasta el periodo 2020-30, la regulación actual y la presencia de los organismos interesados y comprometidos con la generación de electricidad renovable. En el webinar se presentarán los principales resultados relativos a los mercados de la electricidad, las tendencias en las políticas energéticas regionales y los reglamentos y la presencia de los organismos interesados en los países analizados. ¿Qué tecnologías están siendo preferidas? ¿Cuáles son los tipos de regulaciones que se practican?

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Se presentan los conceptos generales de la luminotecnia como base para definir los elementos necesarios para el diseño de sistemas de iluminación y para explicar los métodos más usados para su simulación. Lo anterior con el objetivo de comprender el funcionamiento de los programas de computadora usados con este fin y obtener mejor provecho de ellos. Introducción a la luminotecnia Conceptos generales a. Iluminación b. Unidades de medida c. Distribución luminosa d. Elementos de diseño Métodos de simulación a. Métodos simples b. Método de cavidades zonales c. Método punto por punto Software para simulación de sistemas de iluminación Ponente: El Ing. Humberto García Flores es consultor independiente en diseño, simulación y evaluación de sistemas de iluminación. Docente en la Academia de Ingeniería Eléctrica del Instituto Tecnológico de Puebla y Planeador de Proyectos en el Laboratorio de Visión por Computadora del Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica. Es el desarrollador del software SIMCLI. Iluminación Interior, usado para simulación y evaluación de sistemas de iluminación en interiores.

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The European Copper Institute (ECI) supports the EU’s climate ambitions for 2030 and 2050 and welcomes the proposed recast of the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED). Copper is a key material for energy efficiency in all sectors and contributes significantly to the clean energy transition as a sustainable raw material that is essential to decarbonise the economy. The EED recast proposal goes in the right direction in many areas. We welcome the mainstreaming of the Energy Efficiency First principle and the strengthening of the exemplary role of public buildings in driving renovation. The revised provisions on energy audits and energy management systems are also useful to help small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) catch up on energy efficiency measures, although we believe that mandatory certification can be a barrier to the adoption of energy management systems by SMEs. However, more needs to be done to facilitate the exploitation of the significant potential for utilising waste heat from industrial processes under the EED. It is welcome that under the revised article 23, Member States are mandated to take measures for district heating and cooling infrastructure to be developed where benefits exceed costs. However, in many cases it will not be possible to direct industrial excess heat to district heating networks, and in such cases, the conversion of waste heat into electricity for own consumption should be explicitly included under EED Article 23 as an energy savings measure to be considered by Member States in the cost-benefit analyses underlying their comprehensive heating and cooling assessments, and under Article 24 when assessing the utilisation of waste heat on-site and off-site when large industrial installations are newly planned or refurbished. Finally, it is important to acknowledge that increasing energy efficiency will sometimes have an impact on the realisation of other environmental objectives, such as environmental protection, resource efficiency or decarbonisation. In some cases, decarbonisation measures such as switching to low carbon energy sources or increasing energy system flexibility may reduce energy efficiency, while the implementation of higher environmental protection standards can increase energy demand. Policymakers should be mindful of such trade-offs and take care to avoid setting conflicting targets.

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The primary route for copper manufacturing releases important amounts of heat. Consequently, ECI had asked to have an explicit recognition of projects recovering and valorising waste heat flows. Such demand has been reflected in the article 23.4 of the directive as follows: “ [...] Member States shall take adequate measures for efficient district heating and cooling infrastructure to be developed and/or to encourage the development of installations for the utilisation of waste heat, including in the industrial sector

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