The document discusses several key topics in John Milton's epic poem Paradise Lost:
1. Milton chose to write Paradise Lost as an epic poem, placing himself in the tradition of Homer, Virgil, and other epic poets, though he reconfigured some elements of the epic genre.
2. Paradise Lost explores ideas of knowledge, marriage, and heroism through the stories of Adam and Eve, their relationship, and the Son of God.
3. The poem examines theological concepts like the nature of God and good versus evil through its portrayal of characters like God, the Son, Satan and its interpretation of events in Genesis.
John Milton was an English poet, author, and civil servant best known for his epic poems Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained. He was born in 1608 to a middle-class family and was highly educated, mastering several ancient and modern languages. As a supporter of Oliver Cromwell, Milton served as Secretary of State for Foreign Tongues during the Commonwealth of England. His most famous work, Paradise Lost, was an epic poem telling the biblical stories of creation, the fall of man, and redemption over 10 years in over 11,000 lines while blind. Though Satan was viewed as a romantic hero by some 19th century readers, 20th century criticism focused on Milton's intention to present Satan in diminished terms against God's plan
This document discusses how references to myths enrich literature and art. It provides examples of how myths have been incorporated into Western works throughout history, from Dante in the 14th century to modern works. It explains how views on using myths in literature changed over time, from being frowned upon in early Christianity to being embraced during the Renaissance and onward. The document also notes growing interest in Native American mythology and trends involving fairy tales.
The Gothic novel originated in the late 18th century in Britain and was the most popular form of literature during that time. It appealed to all classes, especially women. Ann Radcliffe's The Mysteries of Udolpho (1794) was one of the first bestsellers. Gothic novels featured recurring elements like a virtuous heroine pursued by a villainous man in a haunted setting like a castle. The genre included two main styles - Radcliffe's "School of Terror" emphasized mystery and suspense while Matthew Lewis's "School of Horror" featured more graphic violence. While mostly written by women, the Gothic was dismissed by male critics but greatly influenced popular tastes.
This summary analyzes how sixteenth-century English literature incorporated themes of identity, performance, and disguise. Thomas More's Utopia, writings by Queen Elizabeth I, Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene, and William Shakespeare's Twelfth Night all used these themes. More disguised his critique of English customs in Utopia through fictional dialogue. Elizabeth I performed different identities in her speeches to maintain power. Spenser symbolized the Protestant Reformation through characters representing different virtues in The Faerie Queene. Twelfth Night featured mistaken identities that drove the plot, with characters performing roles outside their actual identities.
Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein in 1818 at the age of 19. The novel tells the story of Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who creates a sapient creature in an unorthodox scientific experiment. He is horrified by his creation and rejects it, leaving the creature to face societal rejection. This causes the creature to seek revenge against Victor. The story is framed through a series of letters written by Robert Walton, who rescues Victor while exploring the Arctic. Frankenstein is considered an early example of science fiction and examines themes of scientific hubris, parental neglect, the consequences of rejection, and other philosophical ideas from the Enlightenment and Romantic periods. It is seen as a cautionary tale about scientific progress
This document provides background information on Alexander Pope and his poem "The Rape of the Lock". It discusses Pope's life, literary works, the Augustan literary period in England, and an overview of "The Rape of the Lock" as a mock heroic poem that satirized a feud between aristocratic families by using elements of classical epics. The background details Pope's intentions and the characters, places, sylphs, and card game referenced in his mock heroic poem.
The document discusses several key topics in John Milton's epic poem Paradise Lost:
1. Milton chose to write Paradise Lost as an epic poem, placing himself in the tradition of Homer, Virgil, and other epic poets, though he reconfigured some elements of the epic genre.
2. Paradise Lost explores ideas of knowledge, marriage, and heroism through the stories of Adam and Eve, their relationship, and the Son of God.
3. The poem examines theological concepts like the nature of God and good versus evil through its portrayal of characters like God, the Son, Satan and its interpretation of events in Genesis.
John Milton was an English poet, author, and civil servant best known for his epic poems Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained. He was born in 1608 to a middle-class family and was highly educated, mastering several ancient and modern languages. As a supporter of Oliver Cromwell, Milton served as Secretary of State for Foreign Tongues during the Commonwealth of England. His most famous work, Paradise Lost, was an epic poem telling the biblical stories of creation, the fall of man, and redemption over 10 years in over 11,000 lines while blind. Though Satan was viewed as a romantic hero by some 19th century readers, 20th century criticism focused on Milton's intention to present Satan in diminished terms against God's plan
This document discusses how references to myths enrich literature and art. It provides examples of how myths have been incorporated into Western works throughout history, from Dante in the 14th century to modern works. It explains how views on using myths in literature changed over time, from being frowned upon in early Christianity to being embraced during the Renaissance and onward. The document also notes growing interest in Native American mythology and trends involving fairy tales.
The Gothic novel originated in the late 18th century in Britain and was the most popular form of literature during that time. It appealed to all classes, especially women. Ann Radcliffe's The Mysteries of Udolpho (1794) was one of the first bestsellers. Gothic novels featured recurring elements like a virtuous heroine pursued by a villainous man in a haunted setting like a castle. The genre included two main styles - Radcliffe's "School of Terror" emphasized mystery and suspense while Matthew Lewis's "School of Horror" featured more graphic violence. While mostly written by women, the Gothic was dismissed by male critics but greatly influenced popular tastes.
This summary analyzes how sixteenth-century English literature incorporated themes of identity, performance, and disguise. Thomas More's Utopia, writings by Queen Elizabeth I, Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene, and William Shakespeare's Twelfth Night all used these themes. More disguised his critique of English customs in Utopia through fictional dialogue. Elizabeth I performed different identities in her speeches to maintain power. Spenser symbolized the Protestant Reformation through characters representing different virtues in The Faerie Queene. Twelfth Night featured mistaken identities that drove the plot, with characters performing roles outside their actual identities.
Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein in 1818 at the age of 19. The novel tells the story of Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who creates a sapient creature in an unorthodox scientific experiment. He is horrified by his creation and rejects it, leaving the creature to face societal rejection. This causes the creature to seek revenge against Victor. The story is framed through a series of letters written by Robert Walton, who rescues Victor while exploring the Arctic. Frankenstein is considered an early example of science fiction and examines themes of scientific hubris, parental neglect, the consequences of rejection, and other philosophical ideas from the Enlightenment and Romantic periods. It is seen as a cautionary tale about scientific progress
This document provides background information on Alexander Pope and his poem "The Rape of the Lock". It discusses Pope's life, literary works, the Augustan literary period in England, and an overview of "The Rape of the Lock" as a mock heroic poem that satirized a feud between aristocratic families by using elements of classical epics. The background details Pope's intentions and the characters, places, sylphs, and card game referenced in his mock heroic poem.
A.E. Housman was an English poet and scholar born in 1859 in Worcestershire, England. He wrote two poetry volumes, A Shropshire Lad and Last Poems, the latter of which was successful. As a scholar he is respected for his annotated editions of Roman astronomer Marcus Manilius. Housman died in 1936 in Cambridge, England.
Leonora Carrington was an English-born surrealist artist who lived from 1917-2011. She was one of the first women to join the surrealist movement in the 1930s after being introduced to surrealist art as a teenager. Carrington developed a unique surrealist style that incorporated her interests in mythology, alchemy, animals, and feminism. She created over 1,000 artworks in various mediums throughout her life, often using recurring motifs of hybrid human-animal figures and powerful female forms. The summary examines key events in Carrington's life and analyzes some of her most famous paintings to showcase her surrealist techniques and themes around dreams, transformation, and women's identities.
The poem discusses W.H. Auden's poem "Musée des Beaux Arts" about Pieter Bruegel's painting "The Fall of Icarus".
1) The poem is named after the museum in Brussels that houses Bruegel's painting, which depicts Icarus falling into the sea after his wings melt, in the background of an otherwise ordinary landscape.
2) The central theme is how humans view individual suffering with apathy, as life goes on around "disasters" like Icarus's death.
3) Auden visited the museum in 1938 and was inspired by Bruegel's painting to write this poem focusing on the indifference with which the painting depicts I
The document discusses the history and evolution of the novel from its origins to modern times. It notes that the novel arose from a desire to depict human character and entertain readers with deeper perceptions of life. Over time, novels shifted from portraying idealized characters to employing realism and naturalism as they reflected major historical events. The modern and postmodern eras saw novels questioning reality and exhibiting experimentation with form.
This document discusses Pope's use of allusions in his poem "The Rape of the Lock". It argues that Pope expects the reader to have in-depth knowledge of classical literature to fully understand the poem. It examines a passage where Pope alludes to two techniques Homer uses to indicate time - references to judges dining and laborers' dinner. The author argues this shows the complexity of Pope's allusions and how they interact with and enhance the meanings and contexts of the poem. In general, the document aims to demonstrate how deeply embedded classical influences and allusions are in Pope's poetry, and how understanding the contexts behind the allusions provides fuller insight into his works.
The document discusses the rise of the novel in 18th century England and analyzes works by major authors of the period. It provides biographical information on Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson, Henry Fielding, Laurence Sterne, and Jonathan Swift, and summarizes some of their most important novels including Robinson Crusoe, Pamela, Tom Jones, Tristram Shandy, and Gulliver's Travels. These novels helped establish different genres like realism, sentimentalism, and satire.
The document provides an overview of several literary movements and periods throughout history. It discusses characteristics of Medieval literature including themes of heroism and Christianity. Key authors from this period like Sir Thomas Malory and Gonzalo de Berceo are mentioned. The Renaissance section outlines defining attributes and notable authors such as William Shakespeare. Modernism emerged in the late 19th/early 20th century and is characterized by experimentation and breaks from tradition. Examples of modernist authors include James Joyce and Joseph Conrad. Contemporary literature reflects current trends and questions established views. Isabel Allende is highlighted as a prominent contemporary author.
The document discusses the rise of the novel as a genre in the 18th century. It provides definitions of the novel and traces its origins from prototypes in Elizabethan literature. The rise of the novel coincided with the rise of the middle class in Europe as printing technology advanced and literacy rates increased. Early novels took different forms such as epistolary, realistic, philosophical, and experimental novels. Major early novelists included Defoe, Fielding, Richardson, Sterne, and Swift. Theories on the rise of the novel discussed include formal realism, progressive narrative, and specific novelistic features before the formal establishment of the genre.
This document provides a list of books related to Greek and Norse mythology for young adults, organized into the categories of nonfiction, poetry, fiction, graphic novels, and the Percy Jackson series. It includes summaries of each work highlighting how they retell or are influenced by classical myths. The list contains over 30 titles that bring mythical stories to life through various genres for teen readers.
This document provides an analysis of Angela Carter's short story "The Company of Wolves" from her 1979 collection The Bloody Chamber. The story uses magical realism and postmodern styles to explore themes of feminism during the Victorian era in England. It examines the unequal relationship between men and women through symbols like wolves representing men and their oppression of women. The story is set in a dark forest and village to depict the harsh social conditions facing women at the time. Through its use of symbols, figures of speech, and depiction of the cultural and political climate, the story critiques gender relations and asserts women's rights in line with feminist theory during this historical period in Britain.
Richard Aldington was a prominent early 20th century British writer who made significant contributions in several areas: he was a founding poet of the Imagist movement, wrote novels about World War I, and produced critical and biographical works. Aldington had a conventional start in London as a journalist but became disillusioned after his experience in WWI, leading him to relocate to France and live as an expatriate writer. Though he saw his novels as his most important work, he received recognition primarily for his biographies of contemporaries like T.E. Lawrence and D.H. Lawrence.
The Pearl by John Steinbeck- Summary and AnalysisIhssanBenbouhia
Guided Reading
The pearl
About the Author
Facts
Plot
Themes
Motifs
Symbols
Parable and the Form of The Pearl
Character List
A quick summary
Summary of every chapter
The Pearl Quotes Analyzed
This document discusses the continuing influence of Greek mythology in modern society. It provides examples of how Greek myths are still present in literature, visual arts, movies, and psychology. Specifically, it notes the myths' influence on works like Frankenstein, Ulysses, the Percy Jackson series, and Starcrossed. It also discusses how Freud's psychoanalysis drew connections between myths and the human psyche. Overall, the document argues that while science has disproven the literal truths of myths, they still significantly influence other fields like literature, art, and psychology.
Confronting Authority: J.M. Coetzee's Foe and the Remaking of Robinson Crusoe Goswami Mahirpari
Susan Naramore Maher discusses how J.M. Coetzee's novel Foe undermines the authority of Daniel Defoe and Robinson Crusoe through its reimagining of the story. In Foe, Crusoe is depicted as a purposeless and unproductive man who refuses to shape the island or help the story's true creator, Susan Barton. The novel confronts Defoe's ideology of realism by highlighting the constructed nature of stories and questioning the ability of words to recreate experience.
Ovid's Life and Works - Francesca FarrisDentonLatin
Ovid was a Roman poet who lived from 43 BC to AD 17. He wrote during the reign of Emperor Augustus and was part of the social circles of the patron Marcus Valerius Messalla and Augustus's granddaughter Julia. However, in AD 8 Ovid was exiled by Augustus to Romania due to the sexually explicit nature of his work and because he knew too much about Julia's private life. While in exile, Ovid wrote poems expressing his sadness and suffering.
This document compares and contrasts the monsters Frankenstein's creature and Count Dracula. It discusses how they were both created in 1816 and came to represent different fears of Victorian society. Frankenstein's creature represented the changing working class and fear of progress, while Dracula represented fear of the past returning. The document also analyzes differences in how the stories are narrated and the narrative techniques used to elicit different types of fear in readers. Overall, it examines how these stories gave shape to anxieties of Victorian culture through their monstrous living metaphors.
The document provides an overview of the history and development of the novel genre. It begins by outlining some key parameters of novels, including their use of prose fiction and extended length to achieve verisimilitude. Notable early novels are then discussed from various regions, such as Murasaki Shikibu's Tale of Genji in 11th century Japan. The rise of the English novel in the 17th-18th centuries is covered, along with influential authors like Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson, Henry Fielding, and the Brontë sisters. The document concludes by describing various novel types/styles that emerged over time, such as Gothic, historical, realist/naturalist, and social novels.
Gothic literature originated in the late 18th century as a counter to Enlightenment thinking. It focused on terrifying experiences involving castles, abbeys, dungeons and supernatural elements. Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein, published in 1818, is a seminal Gothic work that explores the themes of scientific hubris, the monstrous, and what it means to be human. The story centers around Victor Frankenstein who creates a grotesque but intelligent creature through an unnatural scientific process. The creature is rejected by society and seeks revenge against his creator Victor, driving Victor to chase the creature across the Arctic in a desperate bid to destroy his creation.
This document discusses Shakespeare's play Love's Labor's Lost and its connection to ideas from Giordano Bruno's philosophical work Gli Eroici Furori. It argues that Bruno's work, which promoted a dual goddess/god system rejecting monotheism, was an important influence on Shakespeare and provides imagery and narratives that can be found in Love's Labor's Lost. Specifically, it notes similarities between a story in Gli Eroici Furori of blind philosophers helped by a river nymph and the opening scene of Love's Labor's Lost. The document aims to show that Shakespeare used Bruno's work to secretly promote allegiance to "the Goddess" in his play.
Why do some words translated English behave differently compared to their usage by native English authors. I take a word invented by Milton in Paradise Lost, and see what happens.
1) The document discusses the concept of paradise as described in the Bible - the Garden of Eden before the fall of man. It asserts that true paradise can only be found through faith in Jesus Christ, who is the way, truth and life.
2) As Christians journey through this fallen world, they must resist temptation and sin by drawing close to God through prayer, Scripture and fellowship. Their focus must be on the eternal life that Christ has promised them in heaven.
3) When Christians die, they will pass from this changing world to the eternal paradise that God has prepared, where they will be transformed and see Jesus. The document urges Christians to press on toward this final paradise through persever
A.E. Housman was an English poet and scholar born in 1859 in Worcestershire, England. He wrote two poetry volumes, A Shropshire Lad and Last Poems, the latter of which was successful. As a scholar he is respected for his annotated editions of Roman astronomer Marcus Manilius. Housman died in 1936 in Cambridge, England.
Leonora Carrington was an English-born surrealist artist who lived from 1917-2011. She was one of the first women to join the surrealist movement in the 1930s after being introduced to surrealist art as a teenager. Carrington developed a unique surrealist style that incorporated her interests in mythology, alchemy, animals, and feminism. She created over 1,000 artworks in various mediums throughout her life, often using recurring motifs of hybrid human-animal figures and powerful female forms. The summary examines key events in Carrington's life and analyzes some of her most famous paintings to showcase her surrealist techniques and themes around dreams, transformation, and women's identities.
The poem discusses W.H. Auden's poem "Musée des Beaux Arts" about Pieter Bruegel's painting "The Fall of Icarus".
1) The poem is named after the museum in Brussels that houses Bruegel's painting, which depicts Icarus falling into the sea after his wings melt, in the background of an otherwise ordinary landscape.
2) The central theme is how humans view individual suffering with apathy, as life goes on around "disasters" like Icarus's death.
3) Auden visited the museum in 1938 and was inspired by Bruegel's painting to write this poem focusing on the indifference with which the painting depicts I
The document discusses the history and evolution of the novel from its origins to modern times. It notes that the novel arose from a desire to depict human character and entertain readers with deeper perceptions of life. Over time, novels shifted from portraying idealized characters to employing realism and naturalism as they reflected major historical events. The modern and postmodern eras saw novels questioning reality and exhibiting experimentation with form.
This document discusses Pope's use of allusions in his poem "The Rape of the Lock". It argues that Pope expects the reader to have in-depth knowledge of classical literature to fully understand the poem. It examines a passage where Pope alludes to two techniques Homer uses to indicate time - references to judges dining and laborers' dinner. The author argues this shows the complexity of Pope's allusions and how they interact with and enhance the meanings and contexts of the poem. In general, the document aims to demonstrate how deeply embedded classical influences and allusions are in Pope's poetry, and how understanding the contexts behind the allusions provides fuller insight into his works.
The document discusses the rise of the novel in 18th century England and analyzes works by major authors of the period. It provides biographical information on Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson, Henry Fielding, Laurence Sterne, and Jonathan Swift, and summarizes some of their most important novels including Robinson Crusoe, Pamela, Tom Jones, Tristram Shandy, and Gulliver's Travels. These novels helped establish different genres like realism, sentimentalism, and satire.
The document provides an overview of several literary movements and periods throughout history. It discusses characteristics of Medieval literature including themes of heroism and Christianity. Key authors from this period like Sir Thomas Malory and Gonzalo de Berceo are mentioned. The Renaissance section outlines defining attributes and notable authors such as William Shakespeare. Modernism emerged in the late 19th/early 20th century and is characterized by experimentation and breaks from tradition. Examples of modernist authors include James Joyce and Joseph Conrad. Contemporary literature reflects current trends and questions established views. Isabel Allende is highlighted as a prominent contemporary author.
The document discusses the rise of the novel as a genre in the 18th century. It provides definitions of the novel and traces its origins from prototypes in Elizabethan literature. The rise of the novel coincided with the rise of the middle class in Europe as printing technology advanced and literacy rates increased. Early novels took different forms such as epistolary, realistic, philosophical, and experimental novels. Major early novelists included Defoe, Fielding, Richardson, Sterne, and Swift. Theories on the rise of the novel discussed include formal realism, progressive narrative, and specific novelistic features before the formal establishment of the genre.
This document provides a list of books related to Greek and Norse mythology for young adults, organized into the categories of nonfiction, poetry, fiction, graphic novels, and the Percy Jackson series. It includes summaries of each work highlighting how they retell or are influenced by classical myths. The list contains over 30 titles that bring mythical stories to life through various genres for teen readers.
This document provides an analysis of Angela Carter's short story "The Company of Wolves" from her 1979 collection The Bloody Chamber. The story uses magical realism and postmodern styles to explore themes of feminism during the Victorian era in England. It examines the unequal relationship between men and women through symbols like wolves representing men and their oppression of women. The story is set in a dark forest and village to depict the harsh social conditions facing women at the time. Through its use of symbols, figures of speech, and depiction of the cultural and political climate, the story critiques gender relations and asserts women's rights in line with feminist theory during this historical period in Britain.
Richard Aldington was a prominent early 20th century British writer who made significant contributions in several areas: he was a founding poet of the Imagist movement, wrote novels about World War I, and produced critical and biographical works. Aldington had a conventional start in London as a journalist but became disillusioned after his experience in WWI, leading him to relocate to France and live as an expatriate writer. Though he saw his novels as his most important work, he received recognition primarily for his biographies of contemporaries like T.E. Lawrence and D.H. Lawrence.
The Pearl by John Steinbeck- Summary and AnalysisIhssanBenbouhia
Guided Reading
The pearl
About the Author
Facts
Plot
Themes
Motifs
Symbols
Parable and the Form of The Pearl
Character List
A quick summary
Summary of every chapter
The Pearl Quotes Analyzed
This document discusses the continuing influence of Greek mythology in modern society. It provides examples of how Greek myths are still present in literature, visual arts, movies, and psychology. Specifically, it notes the myths' influence on works like Frankenstein, Ulysses, the Percy Jackson series, and Starcrossed. It also discusses how Freud's psychoanalysis drew connections between myths and the human psyche. Overall, the document argues that while science has disproven the literal truths of myths, they still significantly influence other fields like literature, art, and psychology.
Confronting Authority: J.M. Coetzee's Foe and the Remaking of Robinson Crusoe Goswami Mahirpari
Susan Naramore Maher discusses how J.M. Coetzee's novel Foe undermines the authority of Daniel Defoe and Robinson Crusoe through its reimagining of the story. In Foe, Crusoe is depicted as a purposeless and unproductive man who refuses to shape the island or help the story's true creator, Susan Barton. The novel confronts Defoe's ideology of realism by highlighting the constructed nature of stories and questioning the ability of words to recreate experience.
Ovid's Life and Works - Francesca FarrisDentonLatin
Ovid was a Roman poet who lived from 43 BC to AD 17. He wrote during the reign of Emperor Augustus and was part of the social circles of the patron Marcus Valerius Messalla and Augustus's granddaughter Julia. However, in AD 8 Ovid was exiled by Augustus to Romania due to the sexually explicit nature of his work and because he knew too much about Julia's private life. While in exile, Ovid wrote poems expressing his sadness and suffering.
This document compares and contrasts the monsters Frankenstein's creature and Count Dracula. It discusses how they were both created in 1816 and came to represent different fears of Victorian society. Frankenstein's creature represented the changing working class and fear of progress, while Dracula represented fear of the past returning. The document also analyzes differences in how the stories are narrated and the narrative techniques used to elicit different types of fear in readers. Overall, it examines how these stories gave shape to anxieties of Victorian culture through their monstrous living metaphors.
The document provides an overview of the history and development of the novel genre. It begins by outlining some key parameters of novels, including their use of prose fiction and extended length to achieve verisimilitude. Notable early novels are then discussed from various regions, such as Murasaki Shikibu's Tale of Genji in 11th century Japan. The rise of the English novel in the 17th-18th centuries is covered, along with influential authors like Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson, Henry Fielding, and the Brontë sisters. The document concludes by describing various novel types/styles that emerged over time, such as Gothic, historical, realist/naturalist, and social novels.
Gothic literature originated in the late 18th century as a counter to Enlightenment thinking. It focused on terrifying experiences involving castles, abbeys, dungeons and supernatural elements. Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein, published in 1818, is a seminal Gothic work that explores the themes of scientific hubris, the monstrous, and what it means to be human. The story centers around Victor Frankenstein who creates a grotesque but intelligent creature through an unnatural scientific process. The creature is rejected by society and seeks revenge against his creator Victor, driving Victor to chase the creature across the Arctic in a desperate bid to destroy his creation.
This document discusses Shakespeare's play Love's Labor's Lost and its connection to ideas from Giordano Bruno's philosophical work Gli Eroici Furori. It argues that Bruno's work, which promoted a dual goddess/god system rejecting monotheism, was an important influence on Shakespeare and provides imagery and narratives that can be found in Love's Labor's Lost. Specifically, it notes similarities between a story in Gli Eroici Furori of blind philosophers helped by a river nymph and the opening scene of Love's Labor's Lost. The document aims to show that Shakespeare used Bruno's work to secretly promote allegiance to "the Goddess" in his play.
Why do some words translated English behave differently compared to their usage by native English authors. I take a word invented by Milton in Paradise Lost, and see what happens.
1) The document discusses the concept of paradise as described in the Bible - the Garden of Eden before the fall of man. It asserts that true paradise can only be found through faith in Jesus Christ, who is the way, truth and life.
2) As Christians journey through this fallen world, they must resist temptation and sin by drawing close to God through prayer, Scripture and fellowship. Their focus must be on the eternal life that Christ has promised them in heaven.
3) When Christians die, they will pass from this changing world to the eternal paradise that God has prepared, where they will be transformed and see Jesus. The document urges Christians to press on toward this final paradise through persever
The document discusses the characteristics and conventions of epic poetry. It defines an epic as a long narrative poem focused on heroic acts, often involving supernatural elements. Epics are highly formal with conventions like an invocation to a muse, an in medias res opening, catalogs of characters, and formal speeches. Epics can be categorized based on their themes, such as wars, journeys, or founding of cities. Primary epics emerged from oral traditions while secondary epics were literary works that deliberately imitated the form.
An epic poem is a lengthy narrative that recounts the deeds and adventures of heroic figures or important events in a nation's history. Epics are generally written in an elevated style and focus on themes that are significant to the culture in which they were created. Some key characteristics of epics include their focus on heroic figures, inclusion of supernatural elements, use of formal language and long descriptive passages, and focus on events or journeys that are meaningful to the civilization. Beowulf, one of the earliest surviving English epics, recounts the story of a Geatish hero who battles monsters in Scandinavia.
The Puritan Age lasted from 1620-1660 in England. It was divided into the Jacobean period under King James I from 1603-1625 and the Caroline period under King Charles I from 1625-1649. Puritanism advocated strict religious discipline and simplification of the Church of England's ceremonies. Literature from this era focused on themes of sadness, gloom, and criticism as political and religious divisions split the country during this turbulent time in English history. John Milton was a prominent writer who represented the Puritan Age.
Heart of Darkness examples of Racism and Imperialism rlye123
This document summarizes 5 examples of racism and imperialism from the novel "Heart of Darkness" in 3-sentence passages. The examples describe the native people in inhuman and inferior terms, such as comparing them to animals or saying their language sounds non-human. One passage discusses how Europeans saw themselves as supernatural beings to the natives. The last summary states that while the ideas behind imperialism may sound appealing, the actual practice of conquering other lands involves taking them from people with different skin or noses.
This document discusses Milton's epic poem Paradise Lost and how it synthesizes classical and Christian elements. It explores how Milton employs pagan imagery and mythology to justify God's ways to man while challenging classical writers like Homer and Virgil. While Milton rejects classicism, his poem remains deeply intertwined with and dependent on classical sources for richness. The essay examines how Milton portrays the fall of man and rejects the classical heroic ideal through his portrayal of Satan, instead showing obedience and loyalty as the moral path. It also analyzes Milton's complex relationship with and ambiguous portrayal of classical themes of courage, war, and military might in the epic.
John Milton was an English poet born in 1608 in London. He is best known for writing the epic poem Paradise Lost, which was published in 1667 and tells the biblical story of Adam and Eve. Milton went blind later in life and dictated Paradise Lost to his daughters. He died in 1674 at the age of 66.
Milton’s Samson Agonistes: A Renaissance Image of Man - مسرحية شمشون اقونيستس...Al Baha University
جون ميلتون يعتبر شاعرا اكثر من كونه كاتب مسرحي، لهذا السبب فان شعره قد اخذ حيزا كبيرا من الدراسة والتمحيص والتحليل و/أو النقد لكن لم يعطى ذلك الاهتمام في مسرحيته، تحاول هذه الدراسة إلقاء الضوء على "سامسون اقونيستس" لميلتون كمسرحية أكثر من كونها قصيدة شعرية، الدراسة تستخدم النهج التحليلي والفلسفي والأدبي لأحد أبرز الشخصيات الأدبية في العصر التطهيري البيروتاني، جون ميلتون ومسرحيته "سامسون اقونيستس" كصورة أو مفهوم رجل عصر النهضة التي كثيرون ينسبون ارتباط ميلتون كأخر شخصية ادبية لهذا العصر، يستهل البحث بموضوع المعرفة – سواء المعرفة السماوية أو البشرية (من وجهة نظر ميلتون) وردة فعل الانسان فيما يتعلق بتلك المعرفة، الدراسة تحاول في هدفها ان تؤكد وتبرز النقائص المألوفة و اللافتة للنظر مثل المعاناة وسوء الحظ، الزوجة الغير ملائمة، المهمة الفاشلة والورطة بين كل من ميلتون وبطل مسرحيته، "سامسون".
الدراسة هي عبارة عن عملية تتبعيه لعصر "ميلتون" وأفكاره المعكوسة في مسرحيته " سامسون اقونيستس"، تحاول الدراسة إلقاء الضوء على كيفية توظيف ميلتون تقنياته الأدبية النابغة في المسرحية الشعرية قيد الدراسة، تستهل الدراسة بمقدمة متبوعة بالفقرة الأولى مفهوم رجل عصر النهضة ثم تتطرق الى معاينة المعاناة وسوء الحظ وبعد ذلك يتبع بوصف لمرئيات ميلتون نفسه حول المرأة كنتيجة لبغضه زوجته التي لم تعش معه، في القسم التالي تتبع تحليلي لمفاهيم المهمة الفاشلة والمأزق المصور في ذهن ميلتون عن نفسه وبطل مسرحيته.
John Milton is a poet more than a dramatist, hence, his poetry is plentifully studied, examined, analyzed, and/or criticized but his drama is sparsely done. This study tries to shed light on Samson Agonistes as drama. It is an analytical, philosophical and literary approach of one important figure in The Puritan age, John Milton, and his play as an image of the Renaissance man. The study takes up the theme of knowledge—divine or human knowledge and man’s reaction apropos that. The current study tries in its aim to highlight the frequent remarkable demerits such as misfortunes and suffering, unfortunate wife, unsuccessful mission, and plight between Milton and Samson. It is a pursuing process for Milton's age, and thoughts reflected in his work, Samson Agonistes. The study also attempts to shed light on how Milton employs his genius literary techniques in this verse play. The study starts with an introduction followed by the concept of the Renaissance man. The paper deals with views of misfortunes and suffering thereafter, it depicts Milton’s views concerning women as a result of his hatred to his wife. The research pursues analytically the concepts of ineffective mission, and plight imaged by Milton about himself and Samson, his main character of the play.
The document provides an overview of literature from the Puritan age in England from 1603-1660. Some key aspects summarized are:
- Writers followed Renaissance thinkers like Newton and Bacon, popularizing science and criticism. English was used more for instruction.
- Major works included John Milton's Paradise Lost about the casting out of angels from heaven and their plans for revenge in hell. John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress was also influential.
- Poetry included the Metaphysical poets like John Donne who used complicated symbols, and Cavalier poets who followed Ben Jonson with pseudo-classical styles. Theater declined without the Elizabethan spirit.
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- The Waste Land is a modernist poem by T.S. Eliot considered one of the most important poems of the 20th century.
- It is composed of five sections that combine references from Western literature and culture with Buddhist and Hindu scripture.
- The poem depicts the spiritual and moral decay of post-WWI Europe through fragmented images and voices, with themes of sexual perversion, the breakdown of civilization, and the search for spiritual salvation.
John Milton was a 17th century English poet, writer, and government official. He is renowned for his epic poem Paradise Lost but was also a prolific writer of prose, addressing issues of religion, politics, and liberty. Milton wrote numerous pamphlets and treatises in his distinctive Latinate prose style. His most famous work, Areopagitica, opposed censorship and championed free speech. Both Milton's poetry and prose reflected his deep convictions and engagement with the religious and political debates of his time.
'The Second Coming Poem' by W. B. Yeats - Important Lines with Contemporary C...Nirav Amreliya
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This document provides a historical overview of the development of world literature from ancient civilizations to the present day. It traces the evolution of literary styles and genres across eras and regions, highlighting influential works that shaped each period. Examples of famous writers from different parts of the world are also listed, demonstrating literature's role in conveying diverse cultural perspectives over time.
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Victorian poetry dealt with many themes including realism, humanism, socialism, and criticism of contemporary society. Poets wrote about social issues of the time such as the lives of the working class and the conflicts between classes. They also explored philosophical ideas, feminism, and used nature as a symbol. Major Victorian poets included Tennyson, the Brownings, Matthew Arnold, and Rudyard Kipling. Their works reflected the major issues and concerns of the Victorian era through their use of various themes.
Interpretation of the Symbolism in ”The Second Coming” as a Decolonial PoemSarah Abdussalam
The poem "The Second Coming" by William Butler Yeats symbolizes the decolonization of Ireland from British rule. The widening gyre symbolizes the weakening of British colonialism in Ireland. The falcon breaking free from the falconer represents Ireland breaking away from British domination. The center cannot hold and mere anarchy is loosed describes the chaotic situation and moral decay that accompanied the transition to Irish independence. The rough beast mentioned may refer to Yeats' vision of Ireland achieving its own independent national identity, like the ancient Egyptian civilization once had.
The document provides context about John Milton and his epic poem Paradise Lost. It discusses Milton's life and beliefs during a time of religious and political upheaval in England. Excerpts are presented from Paradise Lost along with discussion questions about the characters of Satan, Sin, Death, Adam and Eve. Students are assigned a group task to analyze extracts from Book IX and present their findings to the class. The lesson aims to teach students about Milton and the Restoration period through examining Paradise Lost.
Abnormalities of hormones and inflammatory cytokines in women affected with p...Alexander Decker
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have elevated levels of hormones like luteinizing hormone and testosterone, as well as higher levels of insulin and insulin resistance compared to healthy women. They also have increased levels of inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and leptin. This study found these abnormalities in the hormones and inflammatory cytokines of women with PCOS ages 23-40, indicating that hormone imbalances associated with insulin resistance and elevated inflammatory markers may worsen infertility in women with PCOS.
A usability evaluation framework for b2 c e commerce websitesAlexander Decker
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This document discusses a study that aimed to synthesize motivation theories into a universal model for managing marketing executives in Nigerian banks. The study was guided by Maslow and McGregor's theories. A sample of 303 marketing executives was used. The results showed that managers will be most effective at motivating marketing executives if they consider individual needs and create challenging but attainable goals. The emerged model suggests managers should provide job satisfaction by tailoring assignments to abilities and monitoring performance with feedback. This addresses confusion faced by Nigerian bank managers in determining effective motivation strategies.
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This document discusses a transformational-generative approach to understanding Al-Istifham, which refers to interrogative sentences in Arabic. It begins with an introduction to the origin and development of Arabic grammar. The paper then explains the theoretical framework of transformational-generative grammar that is used. Basic linguistic concepts and terms related to Arabic grammar are defined. The document analyzes how interrogative sentences in Arabic can be derived and transformed via tools from transformational-generative grammar, categorizing Al-Istifham into linguistic and literary questions.
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A theory of efficiency for managing the marketing executives in nigerian banksAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study examining efficiency in managing marketing executives in Nigerian banks. The study was examined through the lenses of Kaizen theory (continuous improvement) and efficiency theory. A survey of 303 marketing executives from Nigerian banks found that management plays a key role in identifying and implementing efficiency improvements. The document recommends adopting a "3H grand strategy" to improve the heads, hearts, and hands of management and marketing executives by enhancing their knowledge, attitudes, and tools.
This document discusses evaluating the link budget for effective 900MHz GSM communication. It describes the basic parameters needed for a high-level link budget calculation, including transmitter power, antenna gains, path loss, and propagation models. Common propagation models for 900MHz that are described include Okumura model for urban areas and Hata model for urban, suburban, and open areas. Rain attenuation is also incorporated using the updated ITU model to improve communication during rainfall.
A synthetic review of contraceptive supplies in punjabAlexander Decker
This document discusses contraceptive use in Punjab, Pakistan. It begins by providing background on the benefits of family planning and contraceptive use for maternal and child health. It then analyzes contraceptive commodity data from Punjab, finding that use is still low despite efforts to improve access. The document concludes by emphasizing the need for strategies to bridge gaps and meet the unmet need for effective and affordable contraceptive methods and supplies in Punjab in order to improve health outcomes.
A synthesis of taylor’s and fayol’s management approaches for managing market...Alexander Decker
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A survey paper on sequence pattern mining with incrementalAlexander Decker
This document summarizes four algorithms for sequential pattern mining: GSP, ISM, FreeSpan, and PrefixSpan. GSP is an Apriori-based algorithm that incorporates time constraints. ISM extends SPADE to incrementally update patterns after database changes. FreeSpan uses frequent items to recursively project databases and grow subsequences. PrefixSpan also uses projection but claims to not require candidate generation. It recursively projects databases based on short prefix patterns. The document concludes by stating the goal was to find an efficient scheme for extracting sequential patterns from transactional datasets.
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This document surveys trust architectures that leverage provenance in wireless sensor networks. It begins with background on provenance, which refers to the documented history or derivation of data. Provenance can be used to assess trust by providing metadata about how data was processed. The document then discusses challenges for using provenance to establish trust in wireless sensor networks, which have constraints on energy and computation. Finally, it provides background on trust, which is the subjective probability that a node will behave dependably. Trust architectures need to be lightweight to account for the constraints of wireless sensor networks.
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The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
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1. Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online)
Vol 2, No 7, 2011
The Influence of Indian Epics on John Milton
H.L.Narayanrao,
Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan’s college, ( University of Mumbai)
Munshi Nagar, Andheri (w), Mumbai- 400058. India., rau03@rediffmail.com
Received: October 7th, 2011
Accepted: October 18th, 2011
Published: October 30th, 2011
Abstract
The study of Indian culture and traditions reveals that certainly there were people around the world who
have inspired by the writings and ancient scripts of India. The epic is traditionally ascribed to Vyasa, who
is also a major character in the epic. The first section of the Mahabharata states that it was Ganesha who, at
the request of Vyasa, wrote down the text to Vyasa's dictation. Ganesha is said to have agreed to write it
only on condition that Vyasa never pause in his recitation. Vyasa agreed, provided Ganesha took the time
to understand what was said before writing it down as an Epic.
The Mahabharata (Sanskrit Mahābhārata, is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other
being the Ramayana. The epic is part of itihasa (history). Besides its epic narrative of the Kurukshetra
War and the fates of the Kauravas and the Pandavas, the Mahabharata contains much philosophical and
devotional material, such as a discussion of the four "goals of life" or purusharthas (12.161). The latter are
enumerated asdharma (right action), artha (purpose), kama (pleasure), and moksha (liberation). Among the
principal works and stories that are a part of the Mahabharata are the Bhagavad Gita.
Introduction
Similarly in English Literature, witness John Milton as an Epic writer. John Milton was born on 9
December 1608. He was passed away on 8 November 1674.He was an English poet, , and a civil servant
for the Commonwealth of England. He is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost and Paradise Regain.
John Milton was a scholarly man of letters, a writer, and an official serving under Oliver Cromwell. He
wrote at a time of religious flux and political upheaval in England, and his poetry and prose reflect deep
convictions and deal with contemporary issues, such as his treatise condemning licensing, Areopagitica. He
wrote in Latin and Italian as well as in English, and had an international reputation during his lifetime.
An epic poem in dactylic hexameters, traditionally attributed to Homer. The Trojan War, the ten-year siege
of the city of Troy (Ilium) by a coalition of Greek states, it tells of the battles and events during the weeks
of a quarrel between King Agamemnon and the warrior Achilles. Although the story covers only a few
weeks in the final year of the war, the Iliad mentions or alludes to many of the Greek legends about the
siege, the earlier events, such as the gathering of warriors for the siege, the cause of the war and similar,
tending to appear near the beginning, and the events prophesied for the future, such as Achilles' looming
death and the sack of Troy, prefigured and alluded to more and more vividly approaching the end of the
poem, making the poem tell a more or less complete tale of the Trojan War.
The Epic Paradise Lost
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2. Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online)
Vol 2, No 7, 2011
John Milton’s magnum opus, the blank-verse epic poem Paradise Lost, was composed by the blindness and
impoverished Milton from 1658 to 1664 through dictation given to a series of aides by his own daughters in
writing the epic poems. It reflects his personal despair at the failure of the Revolution, yet affirms an
ultimate optimism in human potential. Milton encoded many references to his unyielding support for the
"Good Old Cause" by writing the reality of life. Like many Renaissance artists before him, Milton
attempted to integrate Christian theology with classical modes. In his early poems, the poet narrator
expresses a tension between vice and virtue, the latter invariably related to Protestantism. In Comus Milton
may make ironic use of the Caroline court masque by elevating notions of purity and virtue over the
conventions of court revelry and superstition.
John Milton called in the Aeropagitica for "the liberty to know, to utter, and to argue freely according to
conscience, above all liberties" (applied however, only to the conflicting Protestant sects, and not to
atheists, Jews, Muslims or even Catholics). "Milton argued for disestablishment as the only effective way
of achieving broad toleration. Rather than force a man's conscience, government should recognize the
persuasive force of the gospel.
The Restoration of the Stuart monarchy in 1660 began a new phase in Milton's work. In Paradise
Lost, Paradise Regained and Samson Agonistes Milton mourns the end of the godly Commonwealth.
The Garden of Eden may allegorically reflect Milton's view of England's recent Fall from Grace,
while Samson's blindness and captivity – mirroring Milton's own lost sight – may be a metaphor for
England's blind acceptance of Charles II as king. Illustrated by Paradise Lost is mortalism, the belief that
the soul lies dormant after the body dies.
Despite the Restoration of the monarchy Milton did not lose his personal faith; Samson shows how the loss
of national salvation did not necessarily preclude the salvation of the individual, while Paradise
Regained expresses Milton's continuing belief in the promise of Christian salvation through Jesus Christ.
Though he may have maintained his personal faith in spite of the defeats suffered by his cause,
the Dictionary of National Biography recounts how he had been alienated from the Church of England by
Archbishop William Laud, and then moved similarly from the Dissenters by their denunciation of religious
tolerance in England. Milton had come to stand apart from all sects, though apparently finding
the Quakers most congenial. He never went to any religious services in his later years. When a servant
brought back accounts of sermons from nonconformist meetings, Milton became so sarcastic that the man
at last gave up his place.
Johan Milton’s famous writings:
• 1631: L'Allegro; 1631: Il Penseroso; 1634: A Mask Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634 commonly
known as Comus (a masque); 1638: Lycidas; 1667: Paradise ;Lost;
1671: ParadiseRegained;1671: SamsonAgonistes;
Adam, Eve, Cain, their first son, Abel, their second son,Adah, Cain's sister and wife
• Zillah, Abel's sister and wife, Lucifer,
• Angel of the Lord.
Overview:
The play commences with Cain refusing to participate in his family's prayer of thanksgiving to God. Cain
tells his father he has nothing to thank God for because he is fated to die. As Cain explains in an early
soliloquy, he regards his mortality as an unjust punishment for Adam and Eve's transgression in the Garden
of Eden, an event detailed in the Book of Genesis. Cain's anxiety over his mortality is heightened by the
fact that he does not know what death is. At one point in Act I, he recalls keeping watch at night for the
arrival of death, which he imagines to be an anthropomorphic entity. The character who supplies Cain with
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3. Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online)
Vol 2, No 7, 2011
knowledge of death is Lucifer. In Act II, Lucifer leads Cain on a voyage to "The Abyss of Space" and
shows him a catastrophic vision of the Earth's natural history, complete with spirits of extinct life forms
like the mammoth. Cain returns to Earth in Act III, depressed by this vision of universal death. At the
climax of the play, Cain murders Abel. The play concludes with Cain's banishment.
Impact of literary influences on John Milton:
Perhaps the most important literary influence on Cain was John Milton's epic poem Paradise Lost, which
tells of the creation and fall of mankind. For Byron as for many Romantic poets, the hero of Paradise
Lost was Satan, and Cain is modeled in part on Milton's defiant protagonist. Furthermore, Cain's vision of
the Earth's natural history in Act II is a parody of Adam's consolatory vision of the history of man
(culminating in the coming and sacrifice of Christ) presented by the Archangel Michael In Books XI and
XII of Milton's epic. In the "Preface" to Cain, Byron attempts to downplay the influence of poems "upon
similar topics," but the way he refers to Paradise Lost suggests its formative influence: "Since I was twenty,
I have never read Milton; but I had read him so frequently before, that this may make little difference."
The influence from the Mahabharata and the Ramayana can be seen vividly in the writings of the
Renaissance period writers, a brother who becomes enemy of his own blood-brethren in order to gain the
supremacy over other. The grudge between the brothers Pandavas and the Kauravas, Similarly in between
the sons of Adam and Eve, Cain and Abel.
References:
Badrinath, Chaturvedi. The Mahabharata : An Inquiry in the Human Condition, New Delhi, Orient
Longman (2006). Pp.131-142.
Bandyopadhyaya, Jayantanuja (2008). Class and Religion in Ancient India. Anthem Press.pp.33-48.
Stephen Fallon, Milton Among the Philosophers (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1991), p. 81.
Blair Worden, Literature and Politics in Cromwellian England: John Milton, Andrew Marvell and
Marchamont Nedham (2007), p. 154.
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