The document discusses performance challenges for 3G and beyond networks and key performance indicators. It highlights the need to correlate performance between radio and IP domains to better understand customer experience issues. Tracking area optimization is also discussed as an important metric to balance signaling load and customer traffic for a good user experience. Integrated monitoring of network elements is needed to rapidly identify problems across domains.

1. 3G & Beyond:
What lies ahead for
Performance Management?
Host: Speaker:
Frank Colletta Yaacov Burak
Sr. Manager, Solution Engineering Director, Solution Engineering
TTI Telecom © 2009

2. Agenda
3G and Beyond – Key Concepts
Operational Challenges
Inter Domain Performance Correlation
Key Performance Indicators for E-UTRAN
Audience Poll
“When Things Go Wrong…” - Based on a True Story
Radio-to-IP Inter Domain Correlation
Assuring Mobility with Tracking Area
LTE Multi-Service Monitoring
Q&A
2

3. 3G & Beyond: Operational Challenges
A new era in information processing
Massive data collection, intensive data processing
Radio/IP Inter-Domain Correlation
Disassociation between radio / IP backhaul domains affect
customer experience
Maintain QoS in Packet Switching/ all-IP network
Prioritize mixed services over shared bearer
Recognized by 3GPP 'Key Performance Indicators (KPI) for E-
UTRAN Definitions’
3

4. Coping with Significantly High Data Volumes
Data Data Ad-Hoc
Collection Processing investigation
 Distributed collection  Flexible KPI/KQI  Ad-hoc reporting
architecture Creation and functionalities
modification (BusineesObjects)
 Early data processing
(collection stage)  Time and hierarchal  Ad-hoc threshold
aggregation functions definition
 Data prospecting at this phase
Consider the relevancy
of data prior to the  Auto-learning
collection thresholds
4

5. Inter-Domain Performance Correlation
UMTS
Domain
IT/ VAS
Domain GPRS
Domain
IP
Core
5

6. LTE: Key Performance Indicators for E-UTRAN
Accessibility
Handover Success
Integrity
Rate
Retainability Throughput
Handover Failure
Block ACK ratio
SAEB Bearer Release
Rate Mobility
Availability SAE Bearer
Tracking Area Block ERR ratio
Configuration Score HARQ Failures Inter/Intra Handover
Cell Availability modification Hanover Interruption Success/Failure Rate
Latency
Network Availability SAE Bearer activity S1 Handover Rate Tracking Area
Packet Loss Configuration Score
Service Availability Added SAE Bearers RRC Connection Jitter Hanover Interruption
Attempts Establishment Rate
MOS S1 Handover Rate
SAE Bearer number SAEB initial connection
Establishment Rate
Bridging the Gap Between RF Performance
and End-User IP Services
6

7. When Things Go Wrong…
TTI Telecom © 2009 7

8. Dropped Calls, Spotty Service, Delayed
Text…
The average iPhone owner can also use 10
times the network capacity used by the
average smartphone user…
The result is dropped calls, spotty service,
delayed text and voice messages and
glacial download speeds as … cellular
network strains to meet the demand.
Another result is outraged customers.
TTI Telecom © 2009 8

9. Inter-Domain Performance Correlation
UMTS
Domain
Radius Authentication
Failure Rate
IT/ VAS
Domain GPRS
Domain
Failed PDP Context
Activation
IP
Core
9

10. Radio-to-IP Inter Domain Correlation
Radio-to-IP Correlation
dramatically Reduce
Mean-Time-To-Identify
UMTS Domain IP Core
• VAS
RADIUS • Portal
• WWW
Iu-ps Gn Gi
RNC
10

11. Integrated Thresholds Alarm Definition
1 10
1. GGSN FAILED_PDP_ACTIVATION_PCT: Exceed 2 %
1 30
2. GGSN FAILED_PDP_ACTIVATION_PCT: Exceed Average 7 Days
1 10000
3. GGSN ATTEMPT_PDP_ACT: Exceed 3000
1 10
4. Radius AUTH_REQ_REJ_PCT: Exceed 1 %
1 30
5. Radius AUTH_REJ_REQ: Exceed Average 7 Days
Advanced Alarm Condition: 1 AND 2 AND 3 AND 4 AND 5
Aggregated set of rules identify customer experience degradation

12. Getting on 3G During Peak Times…
“It’s almost worthless to try and get on 3G
during peak times in those cities…When
too many users get in the area, the call
drops.”
The problems seem particularly
pronounced in New York and San
Francisco, where (senior analyst) estimates
…network shoulders as much as 20 percent
of all the iPhone users in the United States.
TTI Telecom © 2009 12

13. Tracking Area Optimization
Small Tracking Area Large Tracking Area
eNB
eNB
eNB
eNB
Minimum paging, Many TA updates Maximum paging, Few TA updates
Need to find an optimum between these two extremes
13

14. What is Tracking Area Configuration Score?
E-RAB
accessibility
Customer Traffic UL/DL Signaling
Bitrate Bitrate
Tracking Area Configuration Score is Directly Associated
with User Experience
14

15. LTE Tracking Area: Weekdays Configuration
AREA A
15

16. LTE Tracking Area: Weekend Configuration
AREA A1
AREA A2
16

17. Tracking Area & Customer Experience
TA design must be revised over time in order to adapt to changes
and trends in user location and mobility patterns.
TA Conf’ Score KQI reflects
Tracking Area Weekly Score
QoE in a measureable way 9
8
Actionable short term KQI vs. 7
TA Conf’ Score
long term QoE optimization 6
5
4
Predefined usage scenarios for
3
configuration changes 2
1
0
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thurs Fri Sat
Tracking Area
Reconfiguration
Triggering
17

18. Analyzing Network-Wide Implications
30.00
25.00
20.00
15.00 25.00-30.00
20.00-25.00
10.00
15.00-20.00
5.00 10.00-15.00
5.00-10.00
0.00
20
0.00-5.00
60
100
140
320
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260
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240
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260
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300
100
80
60
40
20
18

19. LTE Multi-Service Monitoring
…. a 27-year-old systems administrator in
San Francisco, checks his iPhone 10 to 15
times a day.
But he is not making calls. He checks the
scores of last night’s baseball game and
updates his Twitter stream. He checks the
local weather report …then he picks a
restaurant on Yelp and maps the quickest
way to get there.
Or at least, he tries to.
TTI Telecom © 2009 19

20. LTE Multi-Service Monitoring
“The success or failure of a call(/session) setup directly impacts
the quality level for delivering the service by the networks, and
also the feeling of the end user.
So the success or failure of call(/session) setup needs be
monitored.” (3GPP TS 32.425)
20

21. LTE QCI (QoS Class Identifier)
Packet Packet
QCI Priority Service Example
Delay Loss Rate
1 2 100 ms 10-2 Conversational Voice
2 4 150 ms 10-3 Conversational Video (Live Streaming)
3 3 50 ms 10-3 Real-Time Gaming
4 5 300 ms 10-6 Non Conversational Video (Buffered Streaming)
5 1 100 ms 10-6 Control Plane Signaling
6 6 300 ms 10-6 Video (Buffered Streaming)
7 7 100 ms 10-3 Voice, Video (Live Streaming), Interactive Gaming
8 8 300 ms 10-6 Premium Bearer for Video
9 9 300 ms 10-6 Default Bearer for non-privileged subscribers
Keep Backward Compatibility with UMTS QoS
(From 4 classes in UMTS/CDMA to 9 classes in LTE)
21

22. A1  A2 (per QCI) Accesability
22

23. Closing Notes
23

24. Operating 3G/4G:
Integrated Management Approach
New approach to Performance data collection, processing
and investigation
Integrative inter-domain process significantly shortens MTTI
Network configuration quality directly affects
customers’ QoE
Prioritizing traffic per service characteristics
can no longer be over looked
24

25. Questions and Answers
25

26. Thank You,
& See You Soon!
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