3-D Printing continues to revolutionize the manufacturing and housing sector!

1. 3-D PRINTING – MARKET
ANALYSIS AND
COMMENTARY –
By: Paul Young, CPA, CGA
Date: January 20, 2019

2. PAUL YOUNG - BIO
• CPA, CGA
• Financial Solutions
• SME – Risk Management
• SME – Emerging Technology
• SME – Business Process Change
• SME – Close, Consolidate and Reporting
• SME – Public Policy
• SME – Financial Solutions
• SME – Supply Chain Management
Contact information:
Paul_Young_CGA@Hotmail.com

3. AGENDA
 What is 3-D Printing
 How does it work
 What is next?
 Market Size
 Key Players
 Canada and 3-D Printing
 Material break through
 Key Investments
 Applications
 Alloys
 Camper
 Bridges
 Affordable Housing
 Poverty Advocate
 Architecture & Design

4. WHAT IS 3-D PRINTING
 3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making three dimensional solid
objects from a digital file.
 Source – http://3dprinting.com/what-is-3d-printing/

5. HOW DOES IT WORK
 It all starts with making a virtual design of the object you want to create. This virtual design is for instance a CAD (Computer
Aided Design) file. This CAD file is created using a 3D modeling application or with a 3D scanner (to copy an existing object). A
3D scanner can make a 3D digital copy of an object.
 3D scanners
3D scanners use different technologies to generate a 3D model. Examples are: time-of-flight, structured / modulated light,
volumetric scanning and many more.
 Recently, companies like Microsoft and Google enabled their hardware to perform 3D scanning, for example Microsoft’s Kinect.
In the near future digitising real objects into 3D models will become as easy as taking a picture. Future versions of smartphones
will probably have integrated 3D scanners.
Currently, prices of 3D scanners range from expensive professional industrial devices to $30 DIY scanners anyone can make at
home.
 3D modeling software
3D modeling software also comes in many forms. There’s industrial grade software that costs thousands a year per license, but
also free open source software, like Blender, for instance.
When you are a beginner and the amount of choices are a bit overwhelming, we recommend to start withTinkercad. Tinkercad
has a free version and it works in browsers that support WebGL, for instance Google Chrome. They offer beginner lessons and
has a built in option to get your object printed via various 3D printing services.
 Source – http://3dprinting.com/what-is-3d-printing/

6. MARKET SIZE
 According to a new market research report "3D Printing Market by
Printer Type, Material Type (Metals, Plastics, Ceramics & Others),
Material Form (Powder, Liquid, Filament), Process, Technology,
Software, Service, Application, Vertical and Geography - Global
Forecast to 2022", the 3D printing market is expected to reach USD 30.19
Billion by 2022, growing at a CAGR of 28.5% between 2016 and 2022.
Factors such as 3D printing evolving from developing prototypes to end-
user products, mass customization, production of complex parts,
government investments in 3D printing projects, and improvements in
manufacturing efficiency are expected to drive the growth of the 3D
printing market.
 Source: http://www.marketsandmarkets.com/PressReleases/3d-printing.asp

7. MARKET SIZE / LEADING MARKETS
 North America is expected to account for the largest share of the 3D printing market during the forecast period, with the U.S. being
the major driver for the growth of the market. Major industrial manufacturing, aerospace & defense, and healthcare companies,
located in the U.S., are increasingly using the 3D printing technology, which is leading to the growth of the 3D printing market.
Continuous technological advancements and financial support from the government are also propelling the growth of the North
American market for 3D printing. Several companies are adopting 3D printing not only for developing prototypes but also for
manufacturing end-user products.
 The 3D printing market has been segmented based on printer (desktop and industrial), material type (metals, plastic, ceramics, and
others), material form (powder, liquid, and filament), software (design, inspect, scan, and printer software), service (custom design &
manufacturing and after-sales), process (material extrusion, material jetting, binder jetting, sheet lamination, vat
photopolymerization, powder bed fusion, and directed energy deposition), technology (stereolithography, fuse deposition modeling,
selective laser sintering, direct metal laser sintering, polyjet printing, inkjet printing, electron beam melting, laser metal deposition,
direct light projection, laminated object manufacturing, and others), application (prototyping, tooling, and functional parts), vertical
(automotive, aerospace & defense, healthcare, architecture & construction, consumer products, education, engineering, energy,
printed electronics, jewelry, food & culinary, and others), and geography (North America, Europe, APAC, and RoW).
 Apart from the market segmentation, the report also covers Porter’s five forces analysis, the market’s value chain with a detailed
process flow diagram, and the market dynamics such as drivers, restraints, opportunities, and challenges in the overall 3D printing
market.
 Source: http://www.marketsandmarkets.com/PressReleases/3d-printing.asp

8. MARKET SIZE / LEADING MARKETS
 The major players in the 3D printing market include 3D Systems
Corporation (U.S.), Stratasys Ltd. (U.S. & Israel), the ExOne
Company(U.S.), Voxeljet AG (Germany), Arcam Group (Sweden), SLM
Solutions Group AG (Germany), EOS GmbH (Germany), EnvisionTEC
GmbH (Germany), Materialise NV (Belgium), Sciaky Inc. (U.S.), Concept
Laser GmbH (Germany), Autodesk, Inc. (U.S.), Hoganas AB (Sweden),
Renishaw PLC. (U.K.).
 Soure: http://www.marketsandmarkets.com/PressReleases/3d-
printing.asp

9. CHINA 3-D PRINTING
Source - https://www.forbes.com/sites/ralphjennings/2018/02/01/china-lays-groundwork-for-asian-world-lead-in-3d-printing/#2587c84f7f54
Institutions in China spent $1.1 billion
on 3D printing last year, market
research firm IDC says. It calls China
“the force” behind 3D printing growth
in Asia. The sub-sector worldwide will
command a market worth $32.78
billion by 2023 on a compound annual
growth rate of 25.76% from last year,
research firm Markets and Markets
estimates. Falling production costs,
ease of customizing goods and
government investments are driving
that growth, the research firm says in a
report.

10. CANADA 3-D MARKET
 However, a world-class 3-D printing and imaging “cluster” in Canada will not happen without a
strategy, capital and resources to support entrepreneurship, research and adoption in this nascent
field. With a new Liberal majority government expressing interest in making an investment toward
innovation to allow traditional Canadian industries to become more competitive and successful, we
need to ensure that investment in 3-D technology adoption is a part of the Canadian innovation
agenda.
 Innovation in 3-D printing is already a high priority for many of our trading partners, and 3-D
strategies are being developed around the world to accelerate it in countries such as Britain, Germany,
China and the United States. Governments at all levels in Canada as well as the business and academic
communities need to understand the enormous impact that this new technology will have on the
future of design and manufacturing, and work together to ensure that Canada is a leading 3-D
innovator.
 Source: http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/rob-commentary/canada-must-
sharpen-its-3-d-printing-vision/article26954200/

11. KEY INVESTMENT
 GE (The Fairfield, Conn). GE said it expects the acquisition of Arcam AB and SLM Solutions
Group AB to boost revenue within its 3-D printing business to $1 billion by 2020. GE has
shed most of its financial service business to focus on its high-tech industrial operations.
It had, before the deal announced Sept. 6, invested $1.5 billion in 3-D manufacturing
technologies since 2010. Source: http://www.canadianmanufacturing.com/financing/ge-
acquires-two-3-d-printing-companies-175177/

12. MATERIAL BREAKTHROUGH
 Harvard University researchers have made the first entirely 3D-printed
organ-on-a-chip with integrated sensing. Built by a fully automated, digital
manufacturing procedure, the 3D-printed heart-on-a-chip can be quickly
fabricated and customized, allowing researchers to easily collect reliable
data for short-term and long-term studies.
 This new approach to manufacturing may one day allow researchers to
rapidly design organs-on-chips, also known as microphysiological systems,
that match the properties of a specific disease or even an individual
patient’s cells.
 The research is published in Nature Materials.
 Source: https://www.seas.harvard.edu/news/2016/10/3d-printed-heart-on-chip-
with-integrated-sensors

13. APPLICATIONS
 REEBOK - Now, the Canton, Massachusetts-headquartered athletic footwear and apparel
company Reebok is utilizing a unique twist of 3D printing technology for their latest
creation, the Liquid Speed shoe. The newly unveiled shoe takes on an innovative approach
to the traditional molding process, using a “high rebound” liquid created by BASF to “draw”
frames directly onto the shoe. Designed by Reebok’s new Liquid Factory, the 3D printed
frame creates an energy-return outsole, which Bill McInnis, Reebok’s Head of Future and
former NASA engineer, claims to provide a drastic performance improvement over the
traditional rubber outsole. Source: - https://3dprint.com/153426/reebok-liquid-speed-shoes/

14. APPLICATION
 Drones- The new technique devised by the MIT CSAIL research team allows
a user to program parts made of soft materials, including plastic and
rubber, for an exact degree of stiffness and elasticity, giving it a specific
quality of bounce and energy transfer depending on the needs of the final
product.
 This is possible thanks to 3D printing, which allows a user to dictate the
exact size, shape and amount of impact damping they provide – previously,
users have generally had to make do with off-the-shelf shock absorbing
components mass manufacturing using techniques like injection moulding,
which means you basically have to choose from a menu of pre-set options.
 Source - https://techcrunch.com/2016/10/03/mits-new-3d-printed-shock-
absorbent-materials-make-for-resilient-drones/

15. APPLICATION
 L’Oreal - A new 3D printing technique could finally result in a cure for
baldness. While hair transplants, such as those had by England
footballer Wayne Rooney, are possible, they involving a painstakingly
long and expensive process. New technology being developed by
L'Oréal could lead to 3D printing of new hair follicles that are capable of
sprouting new hair.
Source: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article3826766/cure-
baldness-L-Oreal-working-3D-printed-hair-follicles-grow-NEW-
strands.html#ixzz4O5F2xFBg

16. APPLICATION
 Organ transplant - Many more steps are needed before they can make
artificial kidney replacement parts, but the result is important because it
means that for the first time researchers have used 3-D printing to
make kidney tissue that functions like the real thing. The inventors say
that in the near term the artificial tissue could be used outside the body
to assist in people who have lost renal function, and for testing the
toxicity of new drugs. Source:
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/602691/3-d-printed-kidney-
parts-just-got-closer-to-reality/

17.  GE will expand its 3-D printing business through a combination of acquisitions
and organic growth, Joyce said without naming potential targets. Several
additive manufacturers have gained recently on increased investor interest in
the technology. Stratasys Ltd. surged 45% this year through Wednesday, while
3D Systems Corp. advanced 15%.
 New applications are emerging and GE’s aggressive push into the market may
lead to quicker adoption of the machines across the factory sector. The global
market for industrial 3-D printers and materials increased 17% last year to $6.06
billion, according to data from Wohlers Associates Inc. The research firm
projects the market to balloon to $26.2 billion by 2022.
 GE is even more optimistic. The technology could take a piece of the roughly
$14 trillion market for traditional manufacturing, said Mohammad Ehteshami,
GE’s vice president of additive integration.
Industry Week – April 21, 2017

18. ALLOYS
 Source - http://www.hrl.com/news/2017/0920/
MALIBU, Calif. Sept 20, 2017— HRL Laboratories, LLC, has made a breakthrough in metallurgy with the
announcement that researchers at the famous facility have developed a technique for successfully 3D printing
high-strength aluminum alloys—including types Al7075 and Al6061—that opens the door to additive
manufacturing of engineering-relevant alloys. These alloys are very desirable for aircraft and automobile parts
and have been among thousands that were not amenable to additive manufacturing—3D printing—a difficulty
that has been solved by the HRL researchers. An added benefit is that their method can be applied to
additional alloy families such as high-strength steels and nickel-based superalloys difficult to process currently
in additive manufacturing.
"We're using a 70-year-old nucleation theory to solve a 100-year-old problem with a 21st century machine,"
said Hunter Martin, who co-led the team with Brennan Yahata. Both are engineers in the HRL's Sensors and
Materials Laboratory and PhD students at University of California, Santa Barbara studying with Professor
Tresa Pollock, a co-author on the study. Their paper 3D printing of high-strength aluminum alloys was
published in the September 21, 2017 issue of Nature.

19. INNOVATION
 http://www.nextbigfuture.com/2017/04/game-changing-3d-printers-for-low-cost-metal-parts.html
A startup will soon launch game changing 3-D printers that can fabricate
metal parts cheaply and quickly enough to make the technology practical for
widespread use in product design and manufacturing.
The company, Desktop Metal, has raised nearly $100 million from leading
venture capital firms and the venture units of such companies as General
Electric, BMW, and Alphabet. The founders include four prominent MIT
professors, including the head of the school’s department of materials
science and Emanuel Sachs, who filed one of the original patents on 3-D
printing in 1989.

20. MIT BREAKTHROUGH
 If you haven’t used a 3-D printer yet, you may be surprised to learn that it isn’t fully
automated the way your office’s inkjet is.
 With paper printers, users queue documents from a computer, and each finished sheet
drops neatly into a tray, waiting to be collected. With commercial 3-D printers, however,
designs are manually programmed into the printer, and each finished part is manually
removed before starting a new print, which is very time-consuming. At schools and
businesses, a trained expert usually handles all prints, which can be expensive.
 Now MIT spinout New Valence Robotics (NVBOTS) has brought to market the only fully
automated commercial 3-D printer that’s equipped with cloud-based queuing and
automatic part removal, making print jobs quicker and easier for multiple users, and
dropping the cost per part.
 To use the printer, called NVPro, a user submits a project from any device, which queues
up in the NVCloud software. When a part gets printed, a retractable blade cuts the piece
out and moves it into a bin, and the next project begins automatically. Projects can be
monitored remotely via webcam.
MIT – May 4, 2017

21. INSURANCE
Source - http://www.industryweek.com/additive/what-you-need-know-about-3-d-printing-and-insurance?NL=QMN-01&Issue=QMN-01_20170428_QMN-
01_286&sfvc4enews=42&cl=article_1&utm_rid=CPG03000001519274&utm_campaign=18945&utm_medium=email&elq2=cb3ca5a17235414789ae8d25cd28f4ac
Companies that supply the designs used by 3-D printers should also take
a careful look at their insurance to make sure they do not have any gaps
in coverage. Traditional product liability coverage is typically tied to
products manufactured, sold, handled, distributed, or disposed of by the
policyholder and may not cover distribution of designs that others use, if
the resulting product is alleged to have a design defect.
Companies should also consider obtaining product recall insurance to
protect against liability resulting from faulty design plans and defective
materials that lead to a product recall.

22. 3-D CAMPER
Source - https://www.whichcountry.co/top-ten-countries-with-highest-deforestation/

23. 3-D HOUSE PRINT
• Access to cement, wood, etc
• Tradesmen still would do the
finishing touches
• This could solve building
homes in remote locations
• This process could shave off
the cost of building a house

24. 3-D WOOD
 Cellulose is the most abundant and broadly distributed organic compound and industrial by-
product on Earth. The bottom-up use of cellulose to fabricate 3D objects has had big
problems that prevented printing wood for practical applications. Use in combination with
plastics has lacked scalability and has had high production cost. Researchers in Singapore
have demonstrated the general use of cellulose to manufacture large 3D objects. They are
using fungal-like adhesive material(s) (FLAM). The cost of FLAM is in the range of commodity
plastics and 10 times lower than the cost of common laments for 3D printing, such as
polylactic acid. Source - https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2018/06/singapore-has-
breakthrough-for-large-scale-printing-of-wood-at-ten-times-lower-cost-than-other-3d-
printing.html

25. BRIDGES
Source - http://www.industryweek.com/technology-and-iiot/3d-printed-steel-bridge-lays-pathway-manufacturings-
future?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+IWNews+%28IndustryWeek+Most+Recent+News%29&sfvc4enews=42&cl=article_2&NL=IW-07
Dutch R&D startup MX3D announced the completion of its robotically 3D-printed stainless steel bridge,
which indicates how far the technology has evolved and where it's leading us.
Nearly three years ago, the Dutch startup MX3D captured the imaginations of the additive manufacturing
community by announcing it would 3D-print an entire stainless steel bridge using robotic printers,
intimating at how the future of construction and manufacturing may look. This month it was announced
that the bridge has finally been completed—and it looks amazing, in an H.R. Giger sort of way.

26. AFFORDABLE HOUSING
 https://www.theverge.com/2018/3/12/17101856/3d-printed-housing-icon-shelter-housing-crisis
Food, water, and shelter are basic human needs, but 1.2 billion people in
the world live without adequate housing, according to a report by the
World Resources Institute’s Ross Center for Sustainable Cities. Today at
SXSW, an Austin-based startup will unveil its approach to combat that
deficiency by using low-cost 3D printing as a potential solution.
ICON has developed a method for printing a single-story 650-square-foot
house out of cement in only 12 to 24 hours, a fraction of the time it takes
for new construction. If all goes according to plan, a community made up
of about 100 homes will be constructed for residents in El Salvador next
year. The company has partnered with New Story, a nonprofit that is
vested in international housing solutions. “We have been building homes
for communities in Haiti, El Salvador, and Bolivia,” Alexandria Lafci, co-
founder of New Story, tells The Verge.

27. POVERTY ADVOCATE
 Why Poverty Advocates not pushing for these solutions?
 3-D printing of houses - https://www.3ders.org/articles/20181231-saudi-arabia-3d-prints-a-house-in-two-
days.html. These solutions would help first nations as well as other areas with building of affordable
housing
 Urban Planning – There is no integrated strategy by all levels of government when it comes to urban
planning - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/urban-89562588
 You fixed poverty by providing a good job. If you drive out business investment, then you are actually
making people more dependent on the govt. https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/business-
competitiveness-canada
 You cannot tax people to prosperity! - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canada-middle-class-
analysis-and-commentary
 Kids need to manage their name like brand. It is very important for students to treat their education like
ROI - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/postsecondary-education-canada-policy-analysis-and-
recommendations-january-2019 or https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/2019-career-management-
canada-january-2019

28. ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN
Source - https://newatlas.com/3d-printing-housing-
architecture/53083/
But where architecture is concerned, the size of the projects remains an obstacle and the materials
needed for such printing are still being developed. Safety issues also need to be addressed.
Burry proposes another competitor for the building construction industry. "I imagine 3D printing coming in
parallel with other technologies in the next 10 years, but I would put my money on solid timber construction
as the next big trend," she says. Cross-laminated timber is like plywood on steroids, Burry says, a bit like
concrete in that it can be used to build the entire structure of a house in slab form, rather than having to
build an internal frame. This means homes can be built faster and potentially cheaper. "That's not to say
these technologies can't progress in parallel," she says. "Indeed, we can even 3D-print with timber-based
material."
Much remains to be explored. We might not be 3D-printing homes on the moon anytime soon, but the
technology will make more complex geometries possible, with building components that can adapt to
climate changes and others assembled in a variety of materials. We can't wait to see what the next
development will be.