The document appears to be a short story about a severe 7-year drought that affected a village's landscape and people's livelihoods. Key details include:
1) The landscape changed dramatically after 1958 due to the drought, with watering holes drying up and trees/plants wilting and dying.
2) Villagers struggled to cope with the drought and lack of food, with some men committing suicide out of despair.
3) In a last resort to end the drought, an old man named Mokgobja remembered a traditional ritual where people were sacrificed to the rain god, and convinced a man named Ramadi to sacrifice his two young daughters.
4) The girls' deaths were
Leyte National High School- Mahabang Pagsusulit sa WW1 at WW2Rejane Cayobit
Leyte National High School
Mahabang Pagsusulit sa Araling Panlipunan VIII
Modyul IV
Aralin 2 Ang Unang Digmaang Pandaigdig
Aralin 3 Ang Ikalawang Digmaang Pandaigdig
Ginawa ni Rejane D. Cayobit
Ito ay isang powerpoint presentation na tumatalakay sa paksang tungkol sa Parabulang Alibughang Anak. Dito din matatagpuan ang ilang aktibidad o diskusyon patungkol sa paksang tinalakay.
Isang pagpapaliwanag kung paano nakaapekto sa pamumuhay ng mga Pilipino ang relihiyong Kristiyanismo at ang Sistemang Reduccion na ipinatupad ng mga misyonerong paring Espanyol
Leyte National High School- Mahabang Pagsusulit sa WW1 at WW2Rejane Cayobit
Leyte National High School
Mahabang Pagsusulit sa Araling Panlipunan VIII
Modyul IV
Aralin 2 Ang Unang Digmaang Pandaigdig
Aralin 3 Ang Ikalawang Digmaang Pandaigdig
Ginawa ni Rejane D. Cayobit
Ito ay isang powerpoint presentation na tumatalakay sa paksang tungkol sa Parabulang Alibughang Anak. Dito din matatagpuan ang ilang aktibidad o diskusyon patungkol sa paksang tinalakay.
Isang pagpapaliwanag kung paano nakaapekto sa pamumuhay ng mga Pilipino ang relihiyong Kristiyanismo at ang Sistemang Reduccion na ipinatupad ng mga misyonerong paring Espanyol
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...
38 Looking For The Rain God
1. LOOKING FOR THE RAIN GOD
1. How was the landscape before 1958? How was it after 1958, with the seven-year drought?
________________________________________________________________________
2. What did the people do to cope with the drought?
________________________________________________________________________
3. Who was Mokgobja?
________________________________________________________________________
4. Why did the Mokgobja and his family move off to the lands?
________________________________________________________________________
5. Why did Ramadi and his family face difficulty in planting crops?
________________________________________________________________________
6. Why did the earth appear to be alive at night?
________________________________________________________________________
7. What did the people do to get food?
________________________________________________________________________
8. How did two girls spend their leisure hours?
________________________________________________________________________
9. What did the people get from the incanters, charlatans and witch-doctor?
________________________________________________________________________
10. Why did the two women use thorn-bush to fix hedges to their vast ploughing area?
________________________________________________________________________
11. Why were the adults not interested in what the children was doing?
________________________________________________________________________
12. What did the women do every night? Why did they behave in such a way?
________________________________________________________________________
13. Why did the two men remain silent and controlled their emotions?
________________________________________________________________________
14. What did the old man remember?
________________________________________________________________________
15. What did the old man do to solve the family’s misery which was caused by the drought?
Who were sacrificed to the rain god?
2. ________________________________________________________________________
16. What did they do to the to the bodies?
________________________________________________________________________
17. Why did the people become very suspicious?
________________________________________________________________________
18. Why did the mother of the two children break down?
________________________________________________________________________
19. Why did the court sentence the two men to death?
________________________________________________________________________
20. What lessons can we learn from the story?
________________________________________________________________________
21. Read the extract from the short story Looking For The Rain God and answer the
questions that follow.
At the beginning of the summer, a number of men just
went out of their homes and hung themselves to death
from trees.
a) Why did the men take resort to taking their lives?
__________________________________________________________________
b) Who were the people in the village had taken profit from the drought?
__________________________________________________________________
c) Do you think the men were taking wise decision?
__________________________________________________________________
3. 22. Read the extract from the short story Looking For The Rain God and answer the
questions that follow.
People were called to the village to hear the proclamation of the
beginning of the ploughing season. They stirred themselves and
began off to the land they plough.
a) Why did the villagers begin to move away from the village?
___________________________________________________________________
23. Read the extract from the short story Looking For The Rain God and answer the
questions that follow. by mid-November, the rain fled away and left the sky
But suddenly,
bare. The sun danced dizzily in the sky, with a strange cruelty.
a) How did the family and other people react when the rain stopped?
_________________________________________________________________
b) For how long did the family suffer from the drought?
_________________________________________________________________
24. Read the extract from the short story Looking For The Rain God and answer the
questions that follow.
Finally an ancient memory stirred in the old man. When he was very
young and customs of the ancestors still ruled and the land he had
witnessed a ceremony.
a) Who is the old man and what was the ceremony he is referring to?
___________________________________________________________________
b) Who were sacrificed in the ceremony and why?
___________________________________________________________________
4. 25. Read the extract from the short story Looking For The Rain God and answer the
questions that follow.
‘You stupid thing! Can’t you mind the porridge-pot without letting the
porridge burn”! And then they would beat the rag-dolls on their bottom
with severe expressions.
a) Who were they in the extract above refer to?
___________________________________________________________________
b) What happened to them in the end?
_________________________________________________________________
26. Read the extract from the short story Looking For The Rain God and answer the
questions that follow.
It was the women of the family who finally broke down under the strain of
waiting for rain. It was really the two women who caused the death of the
two girls.
a) What were the names of the two women mentioned in the extract?
_____________________________________________________________________
b) Do you feel sorry for the women? Why?
_____________________________________________________________________
5. 27. Read the extract from the short story Looking For The Rain God and answer the
questions that follow.
People said rather humorously that if tried to catch the rain in a cup
it would only fill a teaspoon. Towards the beginning of the seventh
year of drought, the summer had become an anguish to live
through. The air was so dry and moisture-free that it burned the
skin. No one knew what to do escape the heat and the tragedy was
in the air.
a) What natural disaster were the villagers facing?
_____________________________________________________________________
b) How long has this disaster been going on, based on the extract?
_____________________________________________________________________
28. Read the extract from the short story Looking For The Rain God and answer the
questions that follow.
Finally, an ancient memory stirred in the old man, Mokgobja.
a) What ancient memory did Mokgobja remember?
____________________________________________________________________
29. What finally drove Ramadi to sacrifice the two little girls to the Rain God? Quote a line
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
6. 30. Read the extract from the short story Looking For The Rain God and answer the
questions that follow.
People in the village soon noted the absence of the two little girls. They had
died at the lands and were buried there, the family said. But people noted
their ashen, terror-stricken faces and murmur arose. What had killed the
children, they wanted to know? And the family replied that they had just died.
And people said amongst themselves that it was strange that the two deaths
had occurred at the same time. And there was a feeling of great unease at the
unnatural looks of the family. Soon the police came around. The family told
them the same story of death and burial at the lands. They did not know what
the children had died of. So the police asked to see the grave. At this, the
mother of the children broke down and told everything.
a) How did the family explain the children’s absence?
___________________________________________________________________
b) What did the villagers feel uneasy about?
___________________________________________________________________
c) When did the mother of the children tell the police everything?
___________________________________________________________________
d) Do you feel sorry for the mother of the two little girls? Give a reason for your answer.
___________________________________________________________________
7. 31. Read the extract from the short story Looking For The Rain God and answer the
questions that follow.
But from 1958. A seven-year drought fell upon the land and even the
watering places began to look as dismal as the dry open thorn-bush
country; the leaves of the trees curled up and withered; the moss became
dry and hard, and under the shade of the tangled trees, the ground turned a
powdey black and white, because there was no rain. People said rather
humorously that if tried to catch the rain in a cup it would only fill a
teaspoon. Towards the beginning of the seventh year of drought, the
summer had become an anguish to live through. The air was so dry
and moisture-free that it burned the skin. No one knew what to do
escape the heat and the tragedy was in the air. At the beginning of
the summer, a number of men just went out of their homes and hung
themselves to death from trees. The ops, but for two years past, the
majority of the people had lived off crops, but for two years past,
they had alll returned from the lands with only their rolled-up skin
blankets and cooking utensils.
a) What has happened to the land after seven years of drought?
______________________________________________________________________
b) What is the phrase ‘ tragedy was in the air’ indicative of, based on the extract?
______________________________________________________________________
c) Which line in the extract tells you that the heat during the summer is unbearable?
______________________________________________________________________
d) Why do you think the men take their own lives by hanging from the tress?
______________________________________________________________________
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