Block diagram reduction techniques in control systems.ppt
3-4 --- Presentation --- Shell NAM --- Foam Trial.pptx.pdf
1. May 16 – 20, 2016 2015 Gas-Lift Workshop 1
Foam Assisted Gas Lift
• Ahmed Farag, Jim Hall
• Production Technologist
• Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij B.V.
a company within Shell Upstream International
39th Gas-Lift Workshop
Houston, Texas, USA
May 16 – 20, 2016
3. May 16 – 20, 2016 2016 Gas-Lift Workshop 3
Executive summary
Trial Time: 8 days
Total spent: ~ USD $300,000
Net Oil gain: 60-65 m3/d
Optimum concentration of foam: 800 ppm
Possible savings: *10,000 m3/d of gas lift
Applicable base: gas lifted oil wells with high water cut (tested at 70%)
No process upsets
4. Background information
Global projects R&D – Test Foaming in Oil Wells
America – proposal stage
Brunei – execution phase
Rotterdam field was chosen to test the concept of foam lift in oil
operated wells
RTD-4 picked because:
- high water cut (~70%)
- outflow is constrained due to the gas lift arrangement
- max deviation only 55 deg, allows for cap string installation
Feb. 4 – 8. 2013 2013 Gas-Lift Workshop 4
5. Success criteria
• Production Criteria
• Noticeable increase in oil production and/or less sluggish flow behaviour
• Production rate is the same at a 50% lower gas lift rate with foam application.
• Facilities Criteria
• No process upsets to topsides, including the formation of emulsions.
• Ensure export oil quality meets spec:
• <1% water
• <75 g/m3 salt content
• Ensure water disposal and injection meets spec:
• <25 ppm TSS
• <250 ppm oil in water concentration
Feb. 4 – 8. 2013 2013 Gas-Lift Workshop 5
8. Production data
Feb. 4 – 8. 2013 2013 Gas-Lift Workshop 8
Pre-cap string
installation
Post-cap string installation
- Water/glycol injection
- No foam injection
9. Baseline data
Feb. 4 – 8. 2013 2013 Gas-Lift Workshop 9
Cycle: 1 hour high production 2 hours low production
Average
Gross: 215 m3/d
Water: 175 m3/d
Oil: 40 m3/d
Average
Gross: 85 m3/d
Water: 50 m3/d
Oil: 35 m3/d
CYCLE
10. Start of foam injection
Feb. 4 – 8. 2013 2013 Gas-Lift Workshop 10
STEP 1 STEP 2
Observations:
• Longer stable production at higher rates compared to baseline data at the same gas lift injection rate.
•(Average gross rate increased from 155m3/day to 305m3/day)
•(Average oil rate increased from 40m3/day to 90m3/day)
•Observations for LAB: No breach in oil/water specs. No foam seen on samples on surface so far
17. Re-test; production data
Feb. 4 – 8. 2013 2013 Gas-Lift Workshop 17
No foam in system Foam injected – 800 ppm
Significant change in production with the addition of foam
18. May 16 – 20, 2016 2016 Gas-Lift Workshop 18
Executive summary
Trial Time: 8 days
Total spent: ~ USD $300,000
Net Oil gain: 60-65 m3/d
Optimum concentration of foam: 800 ppm
Possible savings: *10,000 m3/d of gas lift
Applicable base: gas lifted oil wells with high water cut (tested at 70%)
No process upsets
19. May 16 – 20, 2016 2016 Gas-Lift Workshop 19
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20. May 16 – 20, 2016 2016 Gas-Lift Workshop 20
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